KeyVoc

Stock
TOEFL IELTS SAT
Vocabulary
flashcards
compiled by Rinat Alimetdinov

2022
Abundant Accumulate

Accurate Accustomed

Acquire Adamant

Adequate Adjacent

1
 Answer: v. To gradually collect. Answer: adj. Present in large quantities.

Example: Each fall, leaves accumulate in our Example: Living close to a lake means we
driveway. have an abundant supply of water.

Answer: adj. Correct; free from errors.

Answer: adj. Used to something.
Example: Make sure your address is
Example: Having 8AM classes means I’m
accurate before submitting your online
accustomed to getting up early.
order.

Answer: adj. Refusing to change an opinion. Answer: v. To come into possession of.

Example: The defendant was adamant that Example: When my grandmother died, I
he was innocent. acquired her cookbook collection.

Answer: adj. Enough to suit your needs.

Answer: adj. Close to or next to.
Example: Our house isn’t big, but it’s
Example: The park is adjacent to the school.
adequate for the two of us.

2
 Adjust Advantage

Advocate Adverse

Aggregate Aggressive

Allocate Alternative

3
Answer: n. Something that makes it easier Answer: v. To change something so it serves
to achieve success. its purpose better.

Example: His height gives him an advantage Example: The bike seat may be too high;
in basketball. you’ll probably need to adjust it.

Answer: adj. Unfavorable; against one’s

Answer: v. To publicly support.
desires.
Example: My aunt advocates for women’s’
Example: I had an adverse reaction to my
rights.
medication and had to stop taking it.

Answer: adj. Assertive and pushy.

Answer: v. To combine.
Example: The salesperson was very
Example: We should aggregate our
aggressive when trying to get us to buy the
resources to share them more easily.
television.

Answer: v. To put aside for a specific

Answer: n. Another option or choice.
purpose.
Example: If the ATM is broken, an
Example: The village needs to allocate funds
alternative is to stop by the bank.
for building the new school.

4
Amateur Ambiguous

Ambitious Amend

Ample Anomaly

Annual Antagonize

5
 Answer: adj. Having several potential
meanings; unclear and difficult to Answer: n. Someone who is inexperienced
understand. or not highly skilled in a particular area.

Example: When I asked the HR manager Example: He’s an amateur soccer player and
what my chances were of getting the job, is still learning the rules of the game.
she gave
she gaveme
mea avery
very ambiguous
ambiguous reply.
reply.

Answer: v. To change for the better; to
improve.
Example: I believe we should amend our
country’s tax laws.
Answer: adj. Having large goals.
Example: My son is very ambitious and
hopes to be a millionaire by the time he’s
thirty.

Answer: n. Deviation from the norm.

Answer: adj. Plentiful.
Example: The basketball player is the team’s
Example: Our new apartment has ample
best free thrower, so his missing both shots
space for the two of us.
was an anomaly.

Answer: v.To tease or be hostile towards a

Answer: adj. Occurring yearly.
person or group.
Example: The annual company barbeque
Example: The boy loves to antagonize his
takes place every August.
little sister by pulling her hair.

6
Attitude Attribute

Arbitrary Arduous

Assuage Assume

Augment Benefit

7
 Answer: n. Manner or feeling.
Answer: v. To give credit.
Example: After she got grounded, the
Example: Be sure to attribute credit to your
teenager had a bad attitude for the rest of
sources when writing a research paper.
the day.

Answer: adj. Based on a whim or random

Answer: adj. Requiring a lot of effort.
decision.
Example: After you cross the bridge, there’s
Example: Flipping a coin is an arbitrary way
an arduous walk up the hill.
to make a decision.

Answer: v. To suppose without solid proof. Answer: v. To lessen a negative feeling.

Example: I assumed he was rich because he Example: The mother assuaged her child’s
worked as a lawyer. fear of the dark.

Answer: n. Something positive or

Answer: v. To increase or make larger.
advantageous.
Example: She augments her regular salary
Example: A benefit of doing homework on
by babysitting on the weekends.
Friday is that your weekend will be free.

8
Berate Bestow

Boast Boost

Brash Brief

Brusque Cacophony

9
 Answer: v. To give as a gift. Answer: v. To scold.

Example: The medal was bestowed upon Example: Our neighbor berated us after we
him by the president. broke his window playing baseball.

Answer: v. To help raise or increase Answer: v. To brag or talk with excessive

something. pride.

Example: I gave him a pep talk to boost his Example: He always boasts of his talents
self-esteem before his speech. after he wins a game.

Answer: adj. Short (in terms of time). Answer: adj. Rude and tactless.

Example: It will only have a brief meeting, Example: The brash man always asked
so you’ll still have plenty of time for lunch. inappropriate questions.

Answer: n. A harsh, unpleasant mixture of Answer: adj. Abrupt to the point of

noise. rudeness.

Example: The cuckoo clock shop lets off a Example: After being away for so long, I
cacophony every hour. expected more than her brusque greeting.

10
 Cease Censure

Chronological Clarify

Coalesce Coerce

Cognizant Cohesion

11
 Answer: v. To express strong disapproval.
Answer: v. To stop.
Example: Every parent in our district
Example: I wish they would cease arguing.
censured the education cuts.

Answer: v. To make clear; to remove Answer: adj. Arranged in order of time or

confusion. date.

Example: I didn’t understand the Example: Put the historical events in

instructions, so I asked the teacher to clarify chronological order to make them easier to
them. study.

Answer: v. To force someone to do

Answer: v. To combine or grow together.
something against their will.
Example: The people on the street
Example: The young boy was coerced into
eventually coalesced into a group.
stealing by his friends.

Answer: adj. Being aware or having

Answer: n. Uniting; becoming one.
knowledge of something.
Example: Water molecules show strong
Example: Before mountain climbing, you
cohesion when they stick together.
need to be cognizant of the risks.

12
 Coincide Collapse

Collide Commitment

Community Conceal

Concur Conflict

13
 Answer: v. To fall down or break down. Answer: v. To occur at the same time.

Example: The old building finally collapsed, Example: This year Thanksgiving coincided
leaving nothing but a pile of rubble. with my birthday.

Answer: n. Dedication to a cause or activity. Answer: v. To hit one another with a

forceful impact.
Example: Joining a school play is a big
commitment. You’ll need to practice every Example: The two cars collided on the
evening. freeway.

Answer: n. A group of people who live or

Answer: v. To hide. work together.

Example: The mountains concealed the Example: The Chinese community in my city
ocean from view. is hosting a New Year celebration next
week.

Answer: n. A disagreement or fight. Answer: v. To agree.

Example: The conflict between the two Example: He believes women should be paid
families has been going on for generations. as much as men, and I concur.

14
 Constrain Contemplate

Continuously Contradict

Contribute Convey

Copious Core

15
 Answer: v. To restrict or repress.
Answer: v. To consider thoughtfully.
Example: You should move your plant to a
Example: I spend a lot of time
bigger pot, otherwise you’ll constrain its
contemplating what career I want to have.
roots.

Answer: v. To give the opposite opinion. Answer: adv. To go on without stopping.

Example: I told the employees that sales Example: My neighbors have been
were down, but my boss contradicted me continuously blasting their music since last
and said sales were actually up. night.

Answer: v. To give something (usually

Answer: v. To make known.
money or time) to a common fund or cause.
Example: I’ve conveyed my interest in
Example: Every roommate contributes part
working for that company.
of his paycheck to the grocery bill.

Answer: adj. Central; of main importance. Answer: adj. Abundant.

Example: Although many employees left the Example: He always takes copious notes
company, the core leadership remained. during class to study later on.

16
 Corrode Cumbersome

Curriculum Data

Decay Deceive

Decipher Declaration

17
 Answer: adj. Burdensome; clumsy Answer: v. To gradually wear away.

Example: Trying to carry four grocery bags Example: The rust corroded the paint on my
at once was very cumbersome. car.

Answer: n. Facts, statistics, or pieces of Answer: n. The courses given by a school or

information. program.

Example: The data from these graphs show Example: Our school needs to add more
that yearly temperatures are increasing. music courses to its curriculum.

Answer: v. To decline in health or

Answer: v. To trick or mislead.
excellence.
Example: He deceived me by pretending to
Example: After the tree died, its wood began
be a millionaire.
to decay.

Answer: n. An announcement. Answer: v. To find the meaning of.

Example: He made a declaration to the Example: The spy deciphered the secret
office that he was quitting. code.

18
 Decline Degrade

Demonstrate Deny

Deplete Deposit

Desirable Despise

19
 Answer: 1. v. To politely refuse.
2. v. To deteriorate (especially in terms of
Answer: v. To lower in quality. health.)

Example: My attempt at cake degraded into Example: 1. I declined his offer of a ride
a crumbly mess. home.
2. Her health has declined ever since she
turned 70.

Answer: v. To state that something isn’t Answer: v. To show.

true.
Example: Let me demonstrate the proper
Example: He denied being the robber. way of throwing a football.

Answer: v. To deliver and leave an item. Answer: v. To significantly decrease.

Example: Please deposit your books in the Example: Your shopping sprees have
bin outside the library. depleted my savings.

Answer: adj. Worth having or wanting.

Answer: v. To hate.
Example: Bravery is a desirable trait for
Example: I despise early morning classes.
firefighters to have.

20
 Detect Deter

Deviate Devise

Diatribe Digress

Dilemma Diminish

21
 Answer: v. To discourage. Answer: v. To locate something.

Example: The warning signs on the house Example: The police dog detected the
deterred trespassers. missing child’s scent.

Answer: v. To plan or create. Answer: v. To differ from the norm.

Example: The coach devised a plan for Example: I decided to deviate from my
winning the game. normal route home and took a shortcut.

Answer: v. To wander from the main

Answer: n. A sharp criticism or attack.
subject.
Example: The politician went into a diatribe
Example: The teacher digressed from the
against her opponent.
lecture to discuss the weather.

Answer: n. A situation where one must

Answer: v. To shrink or reduce.
choose between two difficult choices.
Example: Sprinkle baking soda on the
Example: The student faced the dilemma of
carpet to diminish the stain.
attending school sick or missing her exam.

22
 Dispose Disproportionate

Disrupt Distort

Distribute Diverse

Divert Dynamic

23
 Answer: adj. Too large or small when
compared to something else. Answer: v. To get rid of.

Example: The piece of pie I received was Example: I need to dispose of this trash.
disproportionately small.

Answer: v. To interrupt by causing a

Answer: v. To misrepresent.
disturbance.
Example: The camera filter distorted the
Example: The protesters disrupted the
image.
politician’s speech.

Answer: adj. Showing a lot of variety. Answer: v. To give portions of something.

Example: This city has a very diverse Example: Distribute the materials evenly
population. among the class.

Answer: adj. Constantly changing. Answer: v. To cause a change of course.

Example: The theater has dynamic shows, Example: Because of the accident, the police
so you never know what you’ll see. had to divert traffic down a side street.

24
 Ease Efficient

Eliminate Elite

Eloquent Emphasize

Endure Enhance

25
 Answer: v. To reduce unpleasantness or
Answer: adj. Maximizing productivity.
difficulty.
Example: Now that I’m following a schedule
Example: This prescription will ease your
at work, I’m much more efficient.
allergies.

Answer: adj. A select, above-average group. Answer: v. To remove.

Example: The elite detective team were also Example: Our team lost the match and was
sent for when there were big crimes. eliminated from the competition.

Answer: v. To give special importance to

Answer: adj. Moving speech or writing.
when speaking or writing.
Example: Her eloquent writing has gained
Example: The teacher emphasized the due
her many fans.
date of the project.

Answer: v. To suffer through something

Answer: v. To intensify or magnify.
difficult with patience.
Example: The falling snow enhanced the
Example: He has endured four knee
beauty of the small village.
operations so far.

26
Epitome Equivalent

Erroneous Estimate

Evade Evaluate

Evidence Evolve

27
 Answer: adj. Equal. Answer: n. A perfect example of something.

Example: Twenty-four is equivalent to two Example: The duchess is the epitome of

dozen. class.

Answer: n. An approximate value. Answer: adj. Incorrect.

Example: Try to get an estimate of the Example: He apologized for his erroneous
number of people attending the concert. statement.

Answer: v. To assess.
Answer: v. To avoid or escape.
Example: At the end of the class, every
Example: By hiding in the bathroom, we
student will evaluate how well the
were able to evade the intruder.
professor taught.

Answer: n. Facts or information that help

Answer: v. To gradually change.
prove or disprove something.
Example: The small school evolved into a
Example: These fossils are evidence of
world-class institution.
evolution.

28
Exemplary Exclude

Exclusive Expand

Expertise Exploit

Expose Extension

29
 Answer: v. To leave out. Answer: adj. Worthy of imitation.

Example: The young boy was excluded from Example: She is an exemplary student, and
his friends’ soccer game. you should copy her study habits.

Answer: v. To increase in size. Answer: adj. Not admitting the majority.

Example: Adding air to bike tires will cause Example: We may not be able to get in since
them to expand. that club is very exclusive.

Answer: n. Expert knowledge or skill in a

Answer: v. To use selfishly.
particular field.
Example: The company exploited its
Example: The surgeon’s expertise is knee
workers by making them work long hours.
surgeries.

Answer: n. An act of making something

longer. Answer: v. To reveal or unmask.

Example: If you’re sick on the day the paper Example: The emails presented exposed the
is due, the teacher may give you an company’s corruption.
extension on the due date.

30
Extract Famine

Feasible Finite

Flaw Fluctuate

Focus Fortify

31
Answer: n. A time when there is an extreme
Answer: v. To get or remove something.
lack of food.
Example: The dentist extracted one of my
Example: Millions of children in Ethiopia
teeth.
died due to the famine there.

Answer: adj. Possible to do.

Answer: adj. Having an end or limits.
Example: This study plan you made for me
Example: Remember that life is finite;
sounds feasible, even with my work
you’re not immortal.
schedule.

Answer: v. To change continually. Answer: n. A feature that ruins the

perfection of something.
Example: I’m not sure what to wear since
the temperature has been fluctuating so Example: I got the diamond for a reduced
much. price since the stone had a flaw.

Answer: v. To prioritize or center on

Answer: v. To strengthen.
something.
Example: The king decided to fortify the
Example: The program is going to focus on
castle walls to protect them during attacks.
environmental issues.

32
Framework Frivolous

Function Fundamental

Gap Garbled

Generate Grandiose

33
 Answer: adj. Unnecessary; of little Answer: n. A skeletal structure designed to
importance support something.

Example: You must stop spending your Example: Skyscrapers must have a strong
money on frivolous purchases. framework to support all the floors.

Answer: n. A purpose natural to a person or

Answer: adj. Of primary importance.
thing.
Example: Learning scales is fundamental to
Example: The function of petals is to attract
being a good piano player.
insects to the plant.

Answer: adj. Distorted and unclear. Answer: n. A space in between to objects.

Example: Our answering machine is so bad Example: Be careful to avoid the gap
that people’s voices are always garbled. between the two steps.

Answer: adj. Pompous; overly important.

Answer: v. To produce.
Example: The actress had only one small
Example: The fire generates heat, which
part before she got grandiose ideas of her
keeps the room warm.
fame.

34
Hackneyed Haphazard

Harsh Hasty

Hazardous Hesitate

Hierarchy Hindrance

35
 Answer: adj. Lacking planning. Answer: adj. Overused and unoriginal.

Example: There was no schedule, so the Example: HIs poems contain many
event was very haphazard. hackneyed phrases.

Answer: adj. Not gentle; unpleasant.

Answer: adj. In a hurry.
Example: Her comments on my
Example: In order to avoid the police, the
performance were very harsh and not kind
robbers made a hasty retreat.
at all.

Answer: v. To pause, often due to

Answer: adj. Full of risk.
reluctance.
Example: The nuclear reactor has a lot of
Example: She hesitated before entering the
hazardous waste.
abandoned building.

Answer: n. Something that causes delay or

resistance. Answer: n. A ranking system.

Example: Her hatred of public Example: In the office hierarchy, the

transportation is a hindrance when trying manager is higher than the associate.
to get around New York City.

36
 Hollow Horror

Hostile Hypothesis

Identical Illiterate

Illustrate Impact

37
 Answer: n. An intense feeling of fear.
Answer: adj. Empty inside.
Example: The haunted house filled me with
Example: The dead tree is hollow.
horror.

Answer: n. An unproven idea that attempts

Answer: adj. Extremely unfriendly.
to explain something.
Example: My ex-boyfriend’s new girlfriend
Example: You’ll need to conduct an
was very hostile towards me.
experiment to test your hypothesis.

Answer: adj. Unable to read. Answer: adj. Exactly the same.

Example: Because he’d never been able to Example: The twins were completely
attend school, the man was illiterate. identical.

Answer: n. Effect or influence. Answer: v. To explain by using an example.

Example: His moving words had a large Example: The professor illustrated the
impact on me. lesson with a personal story.

38
 Impair Implement

Imply Impose

Impoverish Incentive

Incessant Incidental

39
 Answer: v. To carry out. Answer: v. To worsen.

Example: We will implement the new Example: Drinking alcohol will impair your
schedule starting next semester. driving abilities.

Answer: v. To force upon. Answer: v. To strongly suggest.

Example: After the riots, the mayor imposed Example: My mother implied that I was the
a curfew on the town. one who forgot to take out the trash.

Answer: n. A reason to do something.

Answer: v. To reduce to poverty.
Example: I hate my job, but the big
Example: These medical bills are going to
paychecks are a good incentive to stick with
impoverish me.
it.

Answer: adj. A minor part.

Answer: adj. Continuing without pause.
Example: Don’t worry about your grade on
Example: I can’t sleep because of the dog’s
this quiz; it’s only an incidental part of your
incessant barking.
grade.

40
 Incite Inclination

Incompetent Inconsistent

Indefatigable Indisputable

Ineffective Inevitable

41
 Answer: n. A preference. Answer: v. To urge on.

Example: My inclination is to go to bed Example: The ringleader incited the soldiers

early. to rebellion.

Answer: adj. Changing randomly. Answer: Iadj. ncapable; lacking ability.

Example: His pitching has been very Example: The incompetent worker was
inconsistent all season. fired from his job.

Answer: adj. Not able to be challenged. Answer: adj. Untiring.

Example: She’s the indisputable star of the Example: She is an indefatigable hiker and
basketball team. can walk all day.

Answer: adj. Not producing any major

Answer: adj. Unable to be avoided.
impact.
Example: Even if you’re healthy, death is
Example: The drug was shown to be
inevitable in the end.
ineffective at curing cancer.

42
 Infer Inflate

Influence Inhibit

Initial Inquiry

Integral Integrate

43
 Answer: v. To increase in size. Answer: v. To guess based on evidence.

Example: Getting a promotion has really Example: I inferred that she was annoyed
inflated his ego. based on her body language.

Answer: n. The ability to have an impact of

Answer: v. To hinder or restrain.
something.
Example: This cleaning spray inhibits the
Example: The older sister has been a
growth of bacteria.
positive influence on her younger siblings.

Answer: n. An investigation to determine

the truth. Answer: adj. The first.

Example: Congress launched an inquiry Example: She was the initial president of the
after the senator was accused of taking company.
bribes.

Answer: adj. Necessary to complete the

Answer: v. To combine.
whole.
Example: When making a cake, you need to
Example: You can’t quit. You’re an integral
fully integrate the wet and dry ingredients.
part of this team.

44
Interpret Intervene

Intrepid Intricate

Invasive Investigate

Irascible Irony

45
 Answer: v. To come between people,
Answer: v. To explain the meaning of
objects, or an event and change what is
something.
happening.
Example: I need you to interpret this
Example: When the toddlers couldn’t share
German speech for me.
their toys, their mothers had to intervene.

Answer: adj. Highly detailed. Answer: adj. Fearless.

Example: The pattern on this blanket is so Example: The intrepid mountain climber
intricate. reached the top of Mt. Everest.

Answer: v. To examine or study. Answer: adj. Intrusive.

Example: The police are going to investigate Example: We found the stranger’s questions
the crime scene. too personal and very invasive.

Answer: n. The use of words to give a

Answer: adj. Easy to anger.
meaning opposite to their literal meaning.
Example: Even though my grandfather
Example: “I love spending my Friday nights
seems irascible, he’s actually very loving.
doing homework,” she said with irony.

46
Irresolute Jargon

Jointly Knack

Labor Lag

Lampoon Languish

47
Answer: n. Words specific to a certain job or
Answer: adj. Uncertain.
group.
Example: Not sure which direction to go in,
Example: To be a successful doctor, you’ll
he stood irresolute.
need to learn a lot of medical jargon.

Answer: n. A special talent or skill. Answer: adj. Together.

Example: My brother has a real knack for Example: The newlyweds jointly opened up
solving tricky math problems. a bank account.

Answer: v. To fall behind.

Answer: n. Work or effort.
Example: I stayed with the front group of
Example: Building a house requires a lot of
runners for the first few miles, but after that
labor.
I began to lag.

Answer: v. To become weak; to be

neglected. Answer: v. To mock or ridicule.

Example: During winter break, my plants Example: The cartoonist lampooned the
languished since I was visiting my parents president’s speech.
and couldn’t water them.

48
 Lecture Leery

Legitimate Lenient

Likely Ludicrous

Maintain Major

49
 Answer: adj. Wary. Answer: n. A talk given to an audience.

Example: I’m leery of taking the dark- Example: The professor will give a 30
looking shortcut. minute lecture before the quiz.

Answer: adj. Merciful; less harsh. Answer: adj. Lawful.

Example: The judge gave the criminal a Example: The way he became mayor is
lenient sentence due to his bad childhood. completely legitimate.

Answer: adj. Ridiculous. Answer: adj. or adv. Probable.

Example: His claims about me are Example: I don’t have much homework, so
absolutely ludicrous. it’s likely I’ll be able to go out tonight.

Answer: adj. Very important. Answer: v. To continue at the same level.

Example: This test is a major part of your Example: She has maintained the same
final grade. weight since high school.

50
Manipulate Maximize

Measure Mediocre

Mend Method

Migrate Minimum

51
 Answer: v, To increase to the greatest Answer: v. To influence, especially in an
possible size. unfair way.

Example: The store’s goal this year is to Example: He tried to manipulate the results
maximize its profit. of the election.

Answer: v. To find the size and dimensions

Answer: adj. Ordinary, average.
of something.
Example: The meal the chef made was only
Example: By measuring the tree, I found it
mediocre.
was seven feet tall.

Answer: n. A way of doing something. Answer: v. To fix.

Example: Her method for making bread Example: My mother will mend the hole in
takes three days. my shirt.

Answer: n. The smallest or lowest amount Answer: v. To move from one place to
possible. another.

Example: You need to get a minimum of Example: Every fall, the geese migrate to
70% on the test to pass the class. Florida.

52
Misleading Modify

Morose Negligent

Nonchalant Obey

Obtain Obvious

53
 Answer: adj. Giving the wrong idea.
Answer: v. To change.
Example: The advertisement for the weight
Example: I need to modify my style so it
loss pills is very misleading since studies
looks more professional.
have shown they’re ineffective.

Answer: adj. Lazy, neglectful.

Answer: adj. Gloomy, depressed.
Example: The negligent babysitter invited
Example: The boy was morose after hearing
her friends over while the children were
he didn’t make the football team.
upstairs.

Answer: v. To follow orders or instructions. Answer: adj. Indifferent, unexcited.

Example: My dog always obeys me when I Example: I was hurt when my friend
ask her to sit. greeted me so nonchalantly.

Answer: adj. Easily understood.

Answer: v. To get.
Example: The large poster of Michael
Example: The spy obtained the secret codes
Jackson over her bed made it obvious who
we need.
her favorite singer was.

54
 Opponent Oppress

Origin Paradigm

Parsimonious Partake

Partial Paucity

55
 Answer: v. To unfairly burden.
Example: For the past ten generations the
royal family has oppressed the peasants by
keeping them in poverty.
Answer: n. Someone on the opposite side
for a game or contest.
Example: The soccer player blocked her
opponent’s shot at the goal.

Answer: n. A typical example of something. Answer: n. The source; where something

began.
Example: This work of art is a paradigm of
the period; you’ll see many examples of it in Example: The explorers are trying to find
the museum. the origin of the Nile.

Answer: v. To join in. Answer: adj. Frugal, stingy.

Example: My leg was feeling much better, so Example: The parsimonious woman only
I decided to partake in the soccer match. donated a dollar to charity.

Answer: n. Something existing in very small Answer: adj. Preferring one option over
amounts; scarcity. others.

Example: During the drought, the town had Example: We can get strawberry ice cream,
a paucity of fresh water. but I’m actually more partial to chocolate.

56
 Peak Peripheral

Permeate Persist

Pertain Phase

Poll Potent

57
 Answer: n. The highest or most important
Answer: adj. Located on the side or edge.
point.
Example: There are some peripheral fights
Example: Winning the championship was
going on at the outdoor concert.
the peak of his career.

Answer: v. To continue, especially when

Answer: v. To penetrate or pass through.
facing opposition.
Example: Let the maple syrup permeate
Example: I may have lost my last six games,
your waffles before eating them.
but I will continue to persist trying to win.

Answer: n. A period or stage in a process. Answer: v. To relate.

Example: In high school, I went through a Example: How does your question pertain
phase where I only wore black clothes. to the lecture?

Answer: adj. Powerful. Answer: n. A record of opinions or votes.

Example: Only take one sleeping pill since Example: The polls show that my candidate
they’re very potent. is going to win the election.

58
Pragmatic Praise

Precede Precise

Prestigious Prevalent

Primary Prior

59
Answer: Tv. o give approval or admiration. Answer: adj. Practical, sensible.

Example: The book is the best I’ve ever Example: Your boyfriend is too dramatic. I
read; I can’t praise it enough. think you need a more pragmatic man.

Answer: adj. Exact.

Answer: v. To come before.
Example: When collecting data, it’s
Example: The flower girls preceded the
important that your measurements are very
bride when they walked down the aisle.
precise.

Answer: adj. Widespread.

Answer: adj. Having a high reputation.
Example: If more people don’t start washing
Example: Harvard is one of the most
their hands, disease will become more
prestigious colleges in the United States.
prevalent.

Answer: adj. Previous or earlier. Answer: adj. First; most important.

Example: Prior to becoming a teacher, Elena Example: Maeve’s primary goal in life is to
worked as a book editor. become a doctor.

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Proceed Progeny

Promote Prosper

Proximity Quarrel

Range Rank

61
 Answer: n. Offspring.
Example: The dog’s progeny all have yellow Example: I’m sorry for interrupting; please
fur.
Answer: v. To do well.
Example: Dave hopes his new business will
prosper and make him a millionaire.
Answer: n. Disagreement or fight; to have
an argument.
Example: Nina and her boyfriend always
quarrel over money.
Answer: n. An official position or station.
Example: Archibald was promoted to the
rank of first captain.
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Answer: v. To continue doing something.
proceed with your speech.
Answer: v. To further to progress of
something.
Example: I’m promoting this new indie
movie so that more people will buy tickets
to it.
Answer: n. Nearness in time or space.
Example: The twins hated to be apart, so
they bought houses in close proximity to
each other.
Answer: n. The distance between two
things, often the maximum and the
minimum.
Example: The range of ages at the concert
spanned from 12 to 65.
Rebuke Recapitulate

Recede Recommend

Reform Regulate

Reinforce Reject

63
 Answer: v. To give a brief summary.
Example: At the end of his speech, the
politician made sure to recapitulate his
main points.
Answer: v. To sternly disapprove or
reprimand.
Example: After staying out too late, Grace
received a rebuke from her parents.

Answer: v. To present someone with Answer: v. To retreat or draw back.

confidence and approval.
Example: Two days after the flood, the
Example: I need to ask Mr. Smith if he’ll seawater finally began to recede from our
recommend me for this leadership position. house.

Answer: v. To supervise or control a process Answer: v. To make changes that improve

so that it functions correctly. something.

Example: Ben needs to regulate how much Example: Melanie’s father is in charge of
he eats in order to stay at a healthy weight. reforming to school system.

Answer: v. To say no to something that is Answer: v. To strengthen with added

offered. support.

Example: Lydia rejected my invitation to the Example: The builders reinforced the
homecoming dance. house’s wooden frame with steel beams.

64
Release Rely

Reproach Require

Resent Resign

Resist Resolve

65
 Answer: v. To depend on. Answer: v. To free; to allow to be known.

Example: I rely on coffee to get my through Example: The CEO decided to release the
my mornings. company’s profits from last year.

Answer: v. To need for a specific purpose. Answer: v. To express disapproval or

disappointment.
Example: The camping trip requires that
every participant bring their own food and Example: The coach reproached the players
sleeping bag. for failing to play their best.

Answer: v. To feel bitterness or anger

Answer: v. To give up an office or position.
towards someone or something.
Example: Due to his declining health, the
Example: I’ve always resented my sister
mayor decided to resign from office.
because she is my mother’s favorite child.

Answer: v. To come to a firm decision. Answer: v. To withstand the effect of.

Example: Matt resolved to get better grades Example: Resist the impulse to have ice
next semester by studying every night. cream for breakfast.

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 Restrict Retain

Retract Retrieve

Rhetorical Rigid

Rotate Safeguard

67
Answer: v. To continue to do something or
Answer: v. To confine or keep within limits.
keep something.
Example: My doctor told me to restrict
Example: I’ve decided to retain my normal
myself to one glass of wine a day.
hairstyle.

Answer: 1. v. To draw back in.

2. v. To withdraw something after it’s found
Answer: v. To bring back.
to be untrue.
Example: Alexis got out of the car to
Example: 1. I felt calmer after the lion
retrieve the ball her little brother had
retracted its claws.
thrown.
2. After numerous errors were found, the
newspaper retracted the story.

Answer: adj. Stiff; unyielding.

Answer: adj. Used just for style or impact.
Example: The boys’ father was happy to see
Example: You aren’t expected to actually
the base of the treehouse was rigid and
answer rhetorical questions.
sturdy.

Answer: n. Something that serves as

Answer: v. To turn.
protection or ensures safety.
Example: Rotate the sculpture so I can see
Example: A retirement fund is one way to
the other side.
safeguard your finances for the future.

68
Scrutinize Section

Select Sequence

Severe Shallow

Shelter Shrink

69
 Answer: n. A part of the whole. Answer: v. To very carefully examine.

Example: This section of the stadium Example: The judges were looking for
dressed completely in red. perfection, so they scrutinized every entry.

Answer: n. Things that follow each other in

Answer: v. To choose.
a certain order.
Example: Jane selected a blue dress to wear
Example: Librarians need to know how
to the wedding.
order books in the correct sequence.

Answer: 1. adj. Harsh or strict.

Answer: adj. Not deep.
2. adj. Grave, critical.
Example: 1. The robbers suffered severe
Example: You don’t need to worry about
consequences for stealing.
getting your dress wet. The water is very
2. My uncle is currently battling a severe
shallow here.
illness in the hospital.

Answer: v. To protect from something

Answer: v. To become smaller.
harmful.
Example: Hopefully this cream will cause
Example: The empty barn gave the men
my scar to shrink.
shelter during the storm.

70
Significant Source

Sparse Specify

Speculate Solitary

Somber Soothe

71
Answer: n. A person, place, or thing where
Answer: adj. Important, noteworthy.
something was obtained.
Example: The Gettysburg Address was a
Example: You shouldn’t use Wikipedia as a
significant event during the Civil War.
source when writing school papers.

Answer: v. To clearly indicate which one. Answer: adj. Thinly scattered.

Example: You need to specify which size Example: The farm was almost empty; there
shirt you want before I can order it. were just a few sparse trees here and there.

Answer: v. To form a theory without strong

Answer: adj. Alone; without others.
evidence.
Example: The hermit lives a solitary
Example: My sister loves to speculate on the
existence deep in the mountains.
private lives of celebrities.

Answer: v. To calm or comfort. Answer: adj. Gloomy; depressing.

Example: The mother sang a lullaby to Example: After losing the competition, the
soothe her crying baby. chess players were very somber.

72
 Squalid Stable

Stagnant Strategy

Subsequent Substitute

Subtle Sufficient

73
 Answer: adj. Unlikely to change or fail. Answer: adj. Filthy and unpleasant.

Example: We’re lucky to live in a country Example: The shelter was squalid and
with such a stable government. overcrowded.

Answer: adj. Sluggish, showing little

Answer: n. A plan to reach a desired
movement.
outcome.
Example: With few new jobs created, the
Example: The football team will need a good
economy has remained stagnant for the past
strategy to win the game tomorrow.
five years.

Answer: n. A person or thing acting in place Answer: adj. Coming after something in
of another. time.

Example: If you don’t have sugar, honey Example: The first king was a good ruler,
makes a good substitute for this recipe. but subsequent kings have all been corrupt.

Answer: adj. Enough to serve a particular

Answer: adj. Difficult to notice right away.
purpose.
Example: Maya’s perfume was very subtle;
Example: Make sure you have sufficient
you had to get close to her to smell it.
food for the camping trip.

74
Summarize Supervise

Supplant Suspend

Suspicious Sustain

Symbolic Technical

75
 Answer: v. To oversee work or a process. Answer: v. To briefly give the main points.

Example: My dad didn’t think we were old Example: The class didn’t have time to read
enough to build the fort on our own, so he the book, so the professor summarized it
supervised us. for them.

Answer: 1. v. To temporarily stop.

Answer: v. To take the place of something
2. v. To hang something from somewhere.
else.
Example: 1. The power outage suspended
Example: The king was supplanted by his
the school concert.
treacherous younger brother who locked
2. The lamp is suspended from the high
him in the dungeon.
ceiling.ceiling.

Answer: adj. Having the belief that someone

Answer: v. To keep going. is doing something dishonest or illegal.

Example: I stopped trying to sustain the Example: The couple became suspicious
friendship after he made fun of how I when they saw strange men removing their
looked. neighbor’s expensive electronics during the
night. night.

Answer: adj. Relating to a specific subject or

craft.
Answer: adj. Serving as a symbol.
Example: The laptop manual is full of
Example: A cross is symbolic of Christianity.
technical terms only a computer expert can
understand.

76
 Terminal Tolerate

Transfer Transition

Transparent Tuition

Unobtrusive Unscathed

77
 Answer: v. To put up with. Answer: adj. Situated at the end.

Example: I tolerate the rude man since he is Example: Everyone on the train must get off
my husband’s best friend. at the terminal stop.

Answer: v. To change from one state or

Answer: v. To move from one place to
condition to another.
another.
Example: The transition from student to
Example: Ben’s work is going to transfer
employee can often take awhile to get used
him from Chicago to Detroit.
to.

Answer: 1. adj. Easy to see-through.

Answer: n. The fee for instruction at a 2. adj. Easy to detect.
school.
Example: 1. The glass vase is completely
Example: College tuition prices have gone transparent.
up in recent decades. 2. Her attempt to flatter the movie star was
very transparent.
very transparent.

Answer: adj. Unharmed. Answer: adj. Not attracting attention.

Example: Ian was lucky to walk away from Example: The prince’s bodyguards had
the car crash unscathed. mastered the art of being unobtrusive.

78
Upbeat Unjust

Vacillate Valid

Vanish Vary

Verdict Vestige

79
 Answer: adj. Unfair.
Answer: adj. Happy; optimistic.
Example: Since I tried my hardest on the
Example: Even when she’s having a bad day,
exam, I felt my teacher’s criticism of me was
my mom always has an upbeat attitude.
unjust.

Answer: v. To waver or be indecisive.

Answer: adj. Just; well-founded.
Example: She vacillated between the two
Example: The soldiers had valid concerns
dresses before finally deciding to wear a
about the battles they’d be facing.
skirt.

Answer: v. To be different from something

Answer: v. To disappear quickly.
else in a group.
Example: The plane vanished behind the
Example: The necklace's diamonds vary in
clouds.
size and shape.

Answer: n. A small trace of something that

is disappearing or has already disappeared. Answer: n. A judgement or decision.

Example: The empty castle still had a few Example: The jury delivered a guilty verdict.
vestiges of its former wealth.

80
 Vial Vilify

Voluminous Whereas

Wholly Widespread

Wilt

81
 Answer: n. A small container used to hold
Answer: v. To speak poorly of; to slander.
liquids.
Example: Mark was vilified by his angry ex-
Example: The chemist carefully filled the
girlfriend.
vial with the bubbling solution.

Answer: conj. On the contrary. Answer: adj. Taking up a lot of space.

Example: I always save my money whereas Example: The puffy wedding dress had
my brother is constantly in debt. voluminous sleeves.

Answer: adj. Occurring over a large region. Answer: adv. Completely.

Example: There is widespread poverty Example: The monk is wholly devoted to his
across that country. faith.

Answer: To droop and become limp.

Example: Plants will wilt if you don’t water

them regularly.

82