UNST-3 model pitting Tn the m whemahcal cereal pro we encounk> Sikuokons thaf Cause us to analyze dota for different purpose The olvacussion Identifie three possible tabs when we ane analyzing a Collechon of Ava poinks 1. Fitting a Selected moctel ype ov Fypes tothe dal. &- choosing the mest appwpriale mete) frome cornpeling types Hhok hove been fined 3. Mating predickons from the Colfeded data In the first tuo Forks a model Exists that Geern fr Explain the obsewed behawory Tn the third case » a model doenok Lust fo Explain the gol loechovior. Bub here Exista cetlechon of can be used fo predict the behavior ecops}ruck an empin col model based Obsawv olate points: thak For thab dodo w on the Collected date . Relakonship belveen model filing and! tnteapefahien ‘| In pnodel fitting tasks a relakonchip of. a parhculon tupe j& Shengly Sus bee! and modeller #8 will” YP Ti Soap “4 | fo atcepk Some deviahon belween the motel and the collected dole points te have a model Kral aoe Gaksfoctorily Explains rhe Situahon under jnveshgakon . In inkeypofabon , the modeler sa Shrongly aided by the olala fhat have been Comefuty collected and analysed anda curve '4 Sou fhak Caphres the frend of the olala fp predic in bebween the data points: Podeley may ultimately end fy Emphasize the pr wgeol models over He daba when model fing In rnterpolakng , he or she jacen rear con fidence im She cotecseal less Byes to the + ches Ce Oo ane Theowy a of premodel . Core fing driven and ineapotabry models ane daba driven. Sounces_of Exvow in the Modeling process ol a Wi Ewor i defined ag Ehe we clami fy evs As fouwws \. formulation Exwr 4. Teancebor Exwr 3- Round off Ex or ke PHeasunm ent error| fovmulahon err wesulta from fhe axumphon | phar certain vasrobles ore negiiarble or from Si mmplifi cakons in dencribing in ferve lauhion Shap arnong phe Vontables in he yariour Submnods . | Truncahion ExeTS: ane due ty numerical method used fo Solve a mathemahi cal evade). (run cahing an oblom. Thi® j& anime due gray an in fini. gens fo finile perms - |e gina = 1-8 no ee \ ical | : | Round off EMOYS: ane caustd by using a finite atigit for cormpatahen « Ga) a = 0-333 easunrnent Exors ane caused by irmpreciscon in the dala collection. Thig include human grn¥s iP reporting thedaba or physica! lerns Fobion& \ of the labor alory Equipment iHing models to ola _qaaphicaity enevally Con fair one orm ent cabo must be grinned Laps Consider He ore she model ong er and Suppet to epenmine them - prbiem of doda collechion -' The deirminahon ef how many oft. ints he “Cotteck involves a Frade off belween he cost of obtaining them qnof rhe accuracy srequired | the mode. As a minimum , the moder needs atleast as mont alaba points as hhene ane arbibrory constants in dhe model cunve. Addikonal points one ne urred ip ger besh pik: The yange over which the model (+ 0 be used qlekenmine the end points of He intenval fox the nb voniables - jodepende Visual model pibing with fhe osiginal abs. Cuppose we want fira model uf the by Pe carbs jo the Fee data generally. we omnes & oll of Hhem n 2 daba Pp fo be an Line even Prout? expected ee accuh yer adiserepan | olnffas ence of 9 «aS and a pontiouan [ne 3% cabied he model pitting swe have ze gumof fhe abostue deviakev y deviaher - fae 8 Q & So minim +> Aen caneTra Said ne Finn Visual modal fils only for Straight line ; ! but be fit mon |(neor moda iF cholo! trans fore the dala 80 phar we get a gr tine in he frangpormed vatiable . E Visuol_ model ft: | | | | los jhe foul data srepresenhe yhe per on i z[ceg OVEY b week perod: owlh hy poral Ee IF ote p= Gbé ' ettowing alo vepresents phe owth of | Tig haa of fliee over G week jb earocf | Estimale the param ches of the model Peace apophoatl] 2@ 85 4 | 1 2) t bs F ieee 2D 29F ne S82 5-623 5-69 _ Atl “paz azels 29) be Mert . oh ay Pt =, Wed= eptal y b= VSS IE Teh 4 ba 0-168 b* is 4 =z ae 0 168 E i > 2F1e = -| : brest the mode) ee [Ot by ploft trans formed a. Te Fiveo \F 19.50 22 28 96 4} 26) 32:56) sore Echimale the Peer cli If the pi ae y= og? Gein? ate Inat dns? Joy = tnar b Ina y 2 Ana can Y y oa nee 2.83 1944 2.99 3:09 3.435 3-918 Imy 2 2-444 goie awe 2003) aoe | pom opal angel's wu fs Ni spt a oheake 4 48 4 5 SBD ES ures E766 Slope S rot S 2.09 - 2°99 ol oe 5 aos Coroph te sae d oi yb 3 G4 L —————Lit a model of tre |p ° ° form ys en by pising the fraps formed dala. Hen eshrmae panameler » Ger (Grp nt x ty me @ 10 12 ie ve? | ae Joy = dnt b4 Atre*™ y Ss pet. pe vers y (re) - Ee 10 12 ro Any Ng on Shave call eal a aes Az os Jna= oS az ences? | : Fal 1-286 Slope = b= pep a = = 0.202 wot 6-4 —— 4 4 cae. 9.02% Zz pouse —— q\e ole dala represen cormalized be le energy Consuraphion the yean 191% oor It ge q Ig7t p90 )9ce JAKE ype 1987 19 2k 2013 x 0 Jo 20 39 YO 5h 40 WfennEengene cone | ee me! 32 Ge. Jay 27 sennmane ik a model of he form DG = athn I ] f 1. ally ii) BF ae” pope'< y | pt > Oa i) = Jnat >* | Jua= paapdne dnd hike | yr | Sto om eon eg 0 |e co |e eo tng 0 ne 1.39 | 2.08] 29% | ul 19/489 54 40 \ ea 6.0%} 6:99 | 89-413 A a ae -"? © aze¢l a bt 01 0F g 6 = ae ee SS i) ee ath» ( Graph)Batch No.:M ____ ae nalyh ee Analytical tmethed of model Filing) Given a colleckon a re ag | rH of. “ro dlota points : line eines Whee ene ko fit o mal b or € Pornmeliry Je Chebysheu method) " Ln [hrs approach we minimize Hhe [onges} absutule deviakon over he enhire Collechon of data points. Lok Fhe funchon be of Me form 4 =f) ‘2 )y- gel chowd be rinimauus 3 the Sum of Absolide devtahon in tha approach we roinimize the Suro of abgotule deviakon pr phe function of He type ye Fe ee y FO) chould bE rminiman - 2, Least Sapare eoethatl ain bhie appr we mynimiee Sum of poe eeu sf the absctwe deviahon to fit o indo” of Yee few 4 afi ee ea y-fool should be minirum eomers cot inper poeroie® of leas} square eneted; | 2) creas consider Hhyre® dots points R=-\y 5» | denot™ abgstubeyolue. The velby R= Rj +Rajr het represents We esultank deviohon bebe jhe obsowed & Predicteol values. L Vy | | | Gewahon bekween the obsewed & predicted Relating the cnkva: In chebyshev crit ly gry) 20; 2% Fhe Lang esr of- the absolwle Je hay ounare eens vf he funchon ane Sefer mine f : . The ve minimize The volue Uf SRE, ae fro od lang ak absotuke Her! | fhe yo OF p= --™ - fre cad: es i ‘ 2 of- rhe cab cuture deviation d, . eye micaas a lier eta ede & opectrede - Om ' eel cl maces a | pps td eee eae a ante ete D | ene DZ Chor S dno ae = CuanDp ly (0 he east SG a ¥ om Pid the Least Square idead the normal eae ee for the for i } 0! ae pevive least ce vore mothe of Sn i) Shraighh tine! Consider a roode | and m dala paints YI eam | es timalt ase feast Sa a ie = 20am ey ondlibo” pr ope 16 Ph ve of phe form U2 Ar+8 ~.™ bo ened | | A pec essary eS nea a ab 8 > eg a -9 24-9 bya =O —O | pe 3 Na re ! 6,9 a@ canbe wonten of | afr t < 2 if ete normol ges I | The norma E4 can be solved for & ont ee m ae area le 2 Sut agi NE BN) ) w Sa? -(E0) > ‘ feci tig per ee Consider a cunve °F the forro ¥ em nin fined, fagiver cotteckon of dela pone 1 By feasr ence 4 ; OF gpd EO A reawry condikor for ophrmality 4 vane AS = that the deviv oe aS 28 BS an pa; cowl = oO su yi a ae Zn eaaohors Jo fit ac en perive the normal of the form Y= aver te So oe| Given a collection of ™ dlata poink fo fit o line y cant where aand b List andl explain the Vatrpus Bas Poa open o} fH eo 4 ols. of rocael fll | 4. chebygheu_me q ch we minimize the Longest ) Tn this “cpprer absolule deviakon over the entire cottection of data poinks- Let fhe funclvoo be of the form y= fo) iz \y-stol ghoutd be minimum 2, Minimizing the Sum 2 absolule deviahow Tw this approach we minimize Phe Sum of absolule Qeviation for the fanclion of the Hype yep re: > \yge) Should be minimum Br” Least Square method : Tm thi4 approach we minimize Suro of the Sq,ucae of the absolute devialion fo fit a funchon of the fer es 12) pe Jy -fr91 shouts be roinimurm. | Geometirica interpretation of least $4 ose method IRI= Jpre er rRe eB ee alola pork consider three Pi Re Vy = feo) alent absolule deviation pbelween fhe obaeweal ano predicteel yale. The velo QeP it Pt esle esents the ssesubtant levies elween the obswved an predicted Volues - alee /Cm gah of H an fewaeokive Clevsanar Anos 9 or of the absetwe deviahon D= jz pape tole cea 0" 2 lmao - D S Cmat = luing Ehe Least Square eri fervor erat Equations fow the cunve Least oquore method A Derive the ne = arte by usr Tea a rode sdlite form y=ar +b ana rm alata points Gig vehr--™ ppeshmaleasb - By least square a ys 2 $= male 2 lly = (ax; 14)) Us jel condibon for funeton fo be A neces mum °&~ 28 co QS so On eb marimum oF reiph ™ Sftyi- Cav) w= =o fa w aes Sgr tau) = ° —© & ‘ EO 4@ aan be writer or 5 es sue edi col 292 acu 4b eu normal 84% ee bm 224i fo fib line + oon Weeevedifon oe os. -2 On he morn al ey gone ‘slope b ss Seas ae UE Se m oy (Ea) a fence p-Derive normal curve Of the forra t ; ax Considley a cue of the form = ae te peo ame oH m0) S tyi-po) - = af) A neceasiy teu from for a to be Matimum oy spa iy mu) 1S Ose eee -a ZY ans oi au Bye e oS 2 er ; ac pom iees eee Derive the nena gguahons fo fifa cuave of the form sarpbrte Considea a cue of the fxr a cqutbatc By Yeast Square method 8s oN yi oe 2 zy =fantrbntol ys 1a Ee es Th ow alihion isp yeitien e nec ae 0 7 aay = Veinrreur os 20 a zIy _taapebnst0o| EHS 55 a Bs 202 ae g5 D8 DN ftortebate) =o —@ ee = (aatrbare| (1) =2 : B20 rD)\Yi— BC ae| cyp et eukve BP He: forrn y car ‘Bib d | fortowing dala jn lec sacrita Strai tine of the ey guch thak Sur Of rh € u of Hb ja minimum for the following, lola, Comput D ana clmor He bound! ere - 2:3 Bt eee CR Bey (oe) +0:564%x , ° 8 , y 0:06 O12 b-36 I65 0-95 The normal equohers one Syenar bpSwte 51 Says Aer sbsv+ele, Dey Zaye ripen ze y | Po ay a> ah o-\ 0:10 |@:006 Or 0.04 |0+0244 9°0048/0: 0016 03 0109, 0108 010324] 0: 008) ole |ore 0064 |ol04 |o.0256 0.25 [outs jo'2S 02345) 0.0626" 055 OBF3 0225 0.3793 0.0979 oy {oS 2:14 | BatSbtosse = Wie ei qeo \5q +os5b T0275 = 81S bsg 2 0.088 y215b + 0: 09F9C =0:3F93 ag peo z C23.98S ree ce 43.5957 L ae Qu Asy-4ym A a oe Or0l8y 00003 ole Ous> et 036 2 eae Odors 0.35 0,008 qrecesey 0:65 06208 0:0293 900085 095 0-968 = pole tate 2 Ld” = 0.0335 The erm lres beween wm 0:0335 < Cman ¢ 0:039 ——a Fan an appeopriale brani firmakion model of the forre pe ae” for the foltowing. lato Else os | oy Oe Don pee Be steals o5d 280 29% p= act 5 pape Ina + bE = Atbe Pe: s Noxmot Cast one 5 P= nA+bZe, Epreaserbse , P tp ie ~ ae es | Sa 14-253 hl GA TINFE~ F503 ie 3.2) Some yao pt yetgon o9:6968. 44 rapa MISTS FOOSE og «6 52 jou 58s FeF Golving | 35 5634 19F19 49.25 é 5s 53693 oag106 YEON fi ane Sy 5103 Fools HFS en o-omt - : at© A (aes ee Sees } 0% Weak j4 | os folrowS or a formate rol uthy js beighe vr | jnches by 3.5 and Sublrac lok, fora roale routhply the height in inches by 4 and cubkract /28 LL the person i small boned structured! , aohjust nye computakon by. Gublyockng Loy. . feoy alange boned grrucwred cid jask this by aaetng Loy, anol no adyustmen- fovan average Size perso eh 6 males of Average si2€ whose height Sane oft, SS, 6064) OS poets fit a at ree Sverify the mode by eghmating evr | Peek = jo in cbes Dera RacheN (Guy CORT ty fo 2 aA "yy e yh- 128 (Givewd Cwm =o (6) In the folowing joble W represents weight of fish |) its length: Fire moolél we EL Using least spor yoebhod ancl also echmale bouncls for exror. ) tee ins 1725 Ths ReaBEda rs |ys25 I26es Nine 1S 2 6 VE eg, ONS 16 | consich w OF 3 \ : we kl yee Sut = gio kitmo™ » 9 eory y= 0.008 Et 96-068 no 2 5 wm d reir. 2F 25°60) 1299 ASF ae ye Ip-yor OSS ge wi Mo yanyR | BNE St Enver lies beharen oo 251603 0 39F ons} $24 ee 2500 ele en ; : =— A ror dicc-du a V4. 2052 ar? Bars | sue Jina ¢ bbw ye Arbx * 5 We 083 109 1.3) \16 Gy 163 1.81 (6% Ge 7st = 9190089 0.32 t= 4-Yun 0 6292 =O FRET “Normal Bank Oe yc Antben Dry A SK Fbax~ yi Sy laa ° ° out 0.688 gh + ¥3UbB 95 W519 172 gay pe [Sah IS 9Byy2 BOF Pe Whe 3.07 olor oo, ae real % 88 WSF