REPORT FOR

ETS & DRONE RGB

SURVEY
BRIDGE NO 326/1 NEAR WASHIMBLE
STATION-MAHARASTRA
Introduction: -
General
Bridge Number 326/1( Pandara) is nearby a small railway station named Washimble railway station in
Maharashtra. The station consists of two platforms. The platforms are not well sheltered. It lacks many facilities
including water and sanitation.

Project Scope:

 Capturing structure points & control points by ETS and taking photos of the points during the process.
(For both existing and new points)
 Preparing the flight plan so as to cover the bridge area completely.
 Validating horizontal and vertical accuracy through independent means.
 Application of visual enhancements with the direction of the technical specifications.
 Generating the Ortho mosaic, DEM, DSM and point clouds with the direction of the technical
specifications
 Generating the Topographical Map of ETS points with the direction of the technical specifications.
Background Information: -

Location: Bridge Number 326/1 near Washimble Railway Station (Maharashtra).

The study area is located between co-ordinates from 18°16'35.27"N, 75° 2'32.28"E to
18°16'37.08"N, 75° 2'50.97"E.
Methodology:

ETS DATA COLLECTION

RGB DATA
COLLECTION

Data Acquisition: -
Team had visited the site for performing ETS & RGB drone Survey to inspect the Railway bridge and Corridor.
The team inspected the railway corridor by using ETS- TOPCON and DRONE- PHANTOM 4 PRO.
Technology Brief

Phantom 4 pro is autonomous and versatile, the gps-based mapper making data capture fast and simple. Phantom 4
pro is a smart Camera based scanning unit that can be mounted to a drone to provide autonomous mapping in
challenging, inaccessible areas.

Marking of ground structure: -

Accuracy of maps and other data products depends on the accuracy of the geotags on the images captured during a
mapping flight and on the ability of the mapping engine to position the map accurately on the earth's surface. A
common way to improve the accuracy of maps and other data products is to place ground control points (GCPs)
around the area of interest, to be photographed during the image capture process. GCPs have known GPS positions,
which provide a "hook" the processing engine can use to more accurately position the final data product.
Ground Control (GC) supports manual marking only of GCPs via its mapping product workflow integration with
processing software. To make the marking process as simple as possible, we have one types of  GCP targets:
square.  These GCP targets are clearly defined at cent

Bridge Structure Survey and Processing

ETS Data Collection and processing: -

STUDY AREA:-

The selection of the site for GPS observation has to be done considering the following parameters.

• Locations far from the strong radio transmissions to avoid disturbances in satellite signal reception.

• GCP should be situated in locations relatively free from horizon obstructions such as Building, Trees, large
signs & Fences etc.

• Must be located in a secured Campus or place.

• Must have the open sky clearance and easily visible in Ortho Photo.

Minimum number of Satellites and GDOP Value

In general, the accuracy of GPS positioning is better when the number of satellite captured is larger, or the GDOP
value is smaller. However, below conditions has to be fulfilled to acquire the quality data.

8.6.1 Minimum Satellite availability: - Minimum Eight or more satellite should be in the continuous lock while
acquiring the Data of DGPS.

8.6.2 GDOP Value: - GDOP value should be Three or smaller while acquiring the Data of DGPS.

8.7 DOP & GDOP

DOP is an indicator of three-dimensional positioning accuracy as consequence of the relative position of GPS
satellites concerning a GPS receiver
 To attach a geometrical interpretation to this, we use a term called geometrical dilution of precision or GDOP.

In literature, different types of DOP designations are being used. For example, GDOP, PDOP etc. These types are
given below.

GDOP: Geometrical Dilution of Precision, (a measure of accuracy in 3-D position and time)

PDOP: Position Dilution of Precision (a measure of accuracy in 3-D position), also called spherical DOP

HDOP: Horizontal Dilution of Precision (a measure of accuracy in 2-D position, for example, Latitude and
Longitude)

VDOP: Vertical Dilution of Precision (a measure of accuracy in 1-D position, Height)

TDOP: Time Dilution of Precision (a measure of accuracy in Time)

Following figure explain a simple interpretation for this. A close bunching or poorly spaced satellites gives poor
GDOP value whereas well-distributed satellites yield good GDOP. For an ideal situation, i.e. one satellite overhead
with the others spaced at equal horizontal angles about the observer will give the best GDOP.

ETS data Processing QC: -

Ensure the followings –

1. Check if the Processing is done as per the defined order and control stations like Primary Network first.

2. Check if all the ETS raw data correctly processed with the type of solution outcome.

3. Ensure the Baseline accuracy if it comes as per the defined tolerance and accuracy requirement

ETS accuracy requirement & QA: -

Deliverable Desired Quality Absolute Accuracy (@ 95% confidence Relative Accuracy (@ 95% confidence
/ Resolution level) level)

Horizontal Accuracy Vertical Accuracy Horizontal Accuracy Vertical Accuracy

Data Acquisition

GCP for drone + 5 mm or better + 5 mm +10 mm - -

Collected Structure level point

SR.NO REF ID X Y ELEVATION

1 ST 100 200 503.762

2 N 102.4291 202.729 503.5872
3 N 100 200 503.965
4 GL 100 200 503.965
5 RL 97.211 114.8414 502.1758
6 RL 100 200 503.965
7 RL 100 200 503.965
8 RL 78.7118 117.1761 504.0372
9 W 78.7384 117.2798 504.04
10 W 100 200 503.965
11 RL 91.695 170.0379 503.6915
12 RL 86.9801 171.0909 503.8449
13 RL 87.0379 171.077 503.8454
14 W 85.279 171.3713 503.8507
15 W 85.2056 171.4489 503.6484
16 W 87.0703 171.0523 503.6115
17 TBM 89.8822 171.0909 503.6624
18 END 98.4365 209.4783 503.7393
19 TBM 98.638 210.374 503.351
20 END 87.8368 210.2056 503.7519
21 W 88.2913 210.5642 503.4977
22 W 89.7974 209.8145 503.5839
23 W 91.6918 209.4581 503.5748
24 W 94.3986 208.5659 503.67
25 W 96.3033 208.2679 503.6844
26 W 95.9692 208.2695 503.6801
27 W 94.7331 208.3839 503.6493
28 W 91.2532 208.7082 503.5988
29 RL 90.0491 208.8563 503.6062
30 RL 89.7829 208.8349 503.8194
31 RL 90.1097 208.7449 503.7976
32 RL 91.1683 208.5594 503.7983
33 RL 91.4808 208.5067 503.8173
34 RL 94.4684 208.1667 503.8954
35 RL 94.7799 208.169 503.8601
36 RL 95.8603 207.958 503.8587
37 C.T 96.1828 207.9542 503.8913
38 RL 99.1644 228.8177 502.2457
39 RL 98.7363 229.1095 503.8823
40 RL 98.4372 229.2451 503.8637
41 RL 97.3318 229.4281 503.8633
42 W 97.0333 229.5001 503.8886
43 RL 96.9616 229.6647 503.7067
44 RL 97.283 229.6053 503.6869
45 RL 98.4649 229.1723 503.6817
46 W 98.7937 229.1829 503.7041
47 W 100.744 248.0294 503.6806
48 W 100.7432 247.9764 503.6783
49 W 99.4708 248.1062 503.6771
50 RL 99.154 248.2269 503.7018
51 RL 99.292 248.2097 503.8873
52 RL 99.5652 248.1599 503.8563
53 RL 100.6698 248.0682 503.8568
54 C.T 100.9738 248.0461 503.0352
55 W 100 200 503.965
56 W 103.5247 268.0954 503.7098
57 W 103.1868 268.208 503.6909
58 W 101.9374 268.362 503.6914
59 RL 101.6213 268.4873 503.7122
60 RL 101.7126 268.4976 503.9035
61 RL 100 200 503.965
62 RL 102.021 268.4631 503.8687
63 RL 103.0761 268.2216 503.8706
64 C.T 103.4116 268.1496 503.0197
65 C.T 103.0264 252.6251 501.776
66 W 100 200 503.965
67 W 104.3537 288.4635 503.6834
68 RL 104.0588 288.4635 503.6822
69 RL 104.1183 288.4391 503.878
70 C.T 107.795 288.2012 503.0142
71 W 100 200 503.965
72 RL 100 200 503.965
73 RL 108.1419 307.9484 503.8844
74 C.T 106.4304 308.0588 503.885
75 C.T 100 200 503.115
76 W 110.8544 326.5682 502.3506
77 W 110.4411 326.9752 503.7295
78 W 110.1374 327.1061 503.696
79 W 110.2378 338.2021 503.6969
80 W 109.9312 338.3026 503.6954
81 W 100 200 503.965
82 STRT 100 200 503.965
83 STRT 114.7869 345.7638 503.3854
84 TBM 104.7632 348.0011 503.3376
85 TBM 104.4669 348.4427 503.7649
86 W 114.7435 348.1978 503.5434
87 W 113.1268 349.091 503.714
88 W 112.7023 349.1338 503.7133
89 W 111.7584 349.2202 503.7053
90 W 111.0836 348.1568 503.7079
91 W 108.2986 348.4188 503.648
92 W 108.2988 348.4218 503.6472
93 W 107.9452 348.4772 503.6104
94 W 106.7214 348.5406 503.6299
95 RL 106.3489 348.5871 503.6327
96 RL 106.4592 348.6016 503.7956
 97 RL 106.834 348.6839 503.7919
98 RL 107.9006 348.6561 503.7904
99 RL 108.2677 348.6412 503.7962
100 RL 112.043 355.049 503.883
101 RL 111.8325 349.8174 503.8551
102 RL 112.711 349.7946 503.847
103 W.L 113.1676 349.7783 503.8536
104 G.L 113.7886 328.0711 490.5671
105 W 114.6445 340.751 497.1444
106 W 118.2785 393.1262 503.4334
107 W 116.3591 393.3766 503.4623
108 RL 109.5499 375.8593 503.5043
109 RL 109.3228 373.166 503.7005
110 W 100 200 503.965
111 W 103.9536 328.3227 503.6257
112 W 104.2871 328.3329 503.6026
113 W 105.5266 328.1764 503.5985
114 W 105.8718 328.0609 503.6
115 RL 100 200 503.965
116 RL 105.7654 328.0732 503.7977
117 RL 105.4136 328.1546 503.7988
118 RL 104.3346 328.2066 503.7945
119 RL 104.0172 328.344 503.7968
120 RL 100 200 503.965
121 RL 103.4695 308.5244 503.7542
122 RL 103.0874 308.6079 503.7598
123 RL 102.0519 308.7024 503.7571
124 W 101.7084 308.8494 503.7563
125 W 101.6235 308.8253 503.5954
126 W 101.954 308.8587 503.5472
127 W 103.1892 308.6814 503.5452
128 W 103.5285 308.589 503.5744
129 W 99.2136 288.5916 503.5665
130 W 99.5507 288.6038 503.5407
131 W 100.6682 288.4554 503.5281
132 RL 101.1595 288.4433 503.5281
133 RL 101.0628 288.4644 503.7519
134 RL 100.7384 288.4976 503.7231
135 RL 99.6353 288.6139 503.7224
136 RL 99.3127 288.662 503.7218
137 RL 96.9916 269.4525 503.7301
138 RL 97.3306 269.4343 503.7299
139 RL 98.424 269.2097 503.7297
140 W 98.7328 269.179 503.7305
141 W 98.8073 269.1966 503.5775
142 W 98.477 269.2272 503.5776
143 W 97.2313 269.4715 503.5372
144 W 96.9155 269.4414 503.5663
145 W 94.5468 248.7525 503.5837
 146 W 94.4645 248.7271 503.5812
147 W 94.7611 248.6108 503.5598
148 W 95.9997 248.4434 503.5612
149 RL 96.3553 248.4946 503.561
150 RL 96.3294 248.5119 503.7637
151 RL 95.9469 248.5215 503.7416
152 RL 94.8227 248.5362 503.7425
153 RL 94.5351 248.6183 503.7413
154 RL 100 200 503.965
155 RL 92.2572 229.6336 503.7826
156 RL 92.5885 229.7036 503.7574
157 RL 93.6612 229.5307 503.7599
158 RL 93.9741 229.4442 503.7831
159 C.T 100 200 503.965
160 C.T 100 200 503.115
161 W.L 128.2099 195.0661 501.3743
162 G.L 127.0653 193.4521 492.3822
163 ST 108.6621 189.2835 498.958
164 ST2 100 200 505.165
165 ST3 97.986 215.5096 503.5307

Mission Planning For Drone Data Collection : -

A waypoint is a set of coordinates that identify a specific point in 3-dimensional space which guides drone to
complete the fly run from start point to end point defined using GPS and software aided tool.

Drone Waypoint GPS Navigation is autonomous navigation technology. Particularly useful to effectively and
efficiently complete the planned mission.
Waypoint GPS Navigation auto navigates a drone to fly point to point which are pre-planned and configured into
the drone remote navigational software console.

This assist in controlling the drone flying height, the speed to fly, locations where exposures are to be captured.
Raw data sorting and point cloud generation:-

Collected raw data are sorted according to the flight plan wise and those are structured in proper folder structure
for point cloud generation in inertial lab software.

Trajectory file

If any data are not properly processed in the processing software or any type issue occurs then we have to
reshoot the data accordingly.

Perfectly processed in Meta shape software

Processing Report: -
Product Generation: -

Ortho Image: -
Point Cloud: -
Digital Terrain Model: -

Contour Lines (0.5M): -

Topographical Map:-