The main responsibility of the power team is to design a power for the data center and the BTS

sights so
for the data center they divided it as the Head quarter or the (HQ) and the kality sight the power for the
HQ is finished but the one at kality needed to be finished so we went there and covered things
concerning the EEU the lot of works here are done with vendors and their main job involves monitoring
and making sure what the vendors are working, so in order for power to be installed there needs to be a
grid power from the deliverer so that was what she was finishing up, the next thing we did was

What I understood from yesterday’s visit and all the systems I need to focus:

The first thing is that I must understand the CRAC (computer room air conditioning), about grid power
generator and transformer, all about power the kilo watt required and everything

So as a planning team in order to place a data center there are factors considered which include:

 Road access: that is there needs to be a road nearby for different components to move, a land
with a regular shape, for the land there is also a soil condition requirement, there needs to be
consideration for natural disaster areas
 Power access: this is in which there needs to be a power supply nearby, available generator and
so, a place having an emergency backup power
 Facilities: these are different rooms and offices for the workers to work on I heard that the NOC
team that are monitoring the operation needs to be here in order to monitor and for the
vendor like Nokia and Huawei there is a facility required
 Fiber connectivity: this is the connection done between the data center and other data centers
and to the BTS sights so in our case the data center at kality is connected to the HQ data center
via fiber, also there is a microwave for the site connection that is for the BTS site
 Water supply: there needs to be a water supply required for different accessibility
 Environment, security and so: that is there needs to be a security and organized guards for all
the systems inside
 Cost: also, cost is a factor in which the planning team needs to optimize,

There are different kind of data centers in which they are classified in Tiers the data center that is
located there is TIER 3 but let’s look at the different types of TIER

The tier classification describes the site level infrastructure topology required to sustain data center
operation, this standard is predicted on the fact that data centers are dependent upon the
successful and integrated operation of several separate site infrastructures subsystems the number
of which is dependent up on the individual technologies (e.g power generation, ups, …)

Tier I (Basic site infrastructure): non redundant capacity components, non-redundant distribution
path,

Tier II (redundant site infrastructure capacity component): has redundant capacity component but
non redundant distribution path

Tier III (concurrently maintainable site infrastructure): redundant capacity component and multiple
independent distribution path, Tier III data center has redundant capacity components and a single,
nonredundant distribution path serving the critical environment. The redundant components are

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 extra engine generators, UPS modules and energy storage, chillers, heat rejection equipment,
pumps, cooling units, and fuel tanks

Then starting from the outside in which the condenser with a fan is situated in which I want to
understand the CRAC system

4 condenser each having 4 fans and radiator

A CRAC unit is a critical piece of cooling equipment, consisting of filters, fans, coils, and an
external direct expansion [dx] condenser, that is connected to a range of refrigerant pipework
to precisely manage and control the temperature and humidity of a space within specified
design tolerances.
They place their computers and racks on raised floors, two tiles apart, with their air intakes
facing each other. The CRAC cooling system pumps cool air through perforated floor tiles
between the racks, the computers and racks intake the cool air and exhaust hot air into the
opposing hot aisle. Computer room air conditioning units on the floor then pull in the hot air
exhausted into the hot aisles, and release it underneath the floor tiles, completing the cycle.

In this way, a CRAC unit air handler can keep cool air running through the system and help keep
a steady airflow through the environment.

It's even become common to take advantage of the space above computers and racks and make
another "hot aisle" of the room's ceiling, where heat normally escapes and hovers. To keep the
whole computer room cool, technicians advocate turning the area above racks into a hot air
plenum by placing ducts and more CRAC units. Hot air escapes into the plenum to be pushed
back into the system, below the floor, where it can be cooled and released back into the system.

This works for your computer room by removing hot air from the data center. Bringing in more
hot return-air helps the heat exchangers in the CRAC units produce colder air to pump out to the
computer room floor.

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Generator

The power design process goes like this there are things that I understand from someone that is
the first one is first let’s put the whole system
Ok to start of there is a grid power that comes from the EEU then after that there is generator
with a reserve tank for fuel, then there is RMU which is a remote monitoring unit which
regulates the voltage from the grid then there is a transformer which steps the voltage down
since the grid power is high voltage then it will move to the AVR which is an automatic voltage
regulator after that it will enter in to the power room of the data center that is it will be in the
LVP1, LVP2, LVP3 this are power coming from grid then from the two generators, which are DG1
and DG2 in which the power will move to this LVP then when power is lost from grid then the
system will use the generator then these two systems have an automatic switching(ATS) in
which when power is off it will automatically switch the generator according to requirement,
then these power will go to the main distribution board in which it will distribute the power for
the other systems since it’s the main then the main which is MDB A and MDB B which is
redundant then it will move to the different parts then what I understand today is that there
needs to be efficiency in the power so since there is a down time or seconds until the generator
is up, this is where the UPS is inserted which is uninterruptable power supply so the I
understand how it works now, the power up until now is AC so different power is required that
is AC or DC the ups have a bypass module having rectifier which converts AC to DC and inverter
from DC to AC so the ups will provide accordingly then there is a rectifier to convert the AC to

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DC then there is a battery which stores DC then after that it will move to the required rack, and
from the main distribution board it will move to the sub distribution board (SMDB) the MDB
have different outlets which goes to the SMDB, UPS, LGT, CRAC, then the SMDB will provide to
the PDF then then for the PDUs which is for all the racks, required,… the figure is some what
shown below

So the job they do after designing the data center is also inspecting it like after the vendors
submit the project it needs to be based on the requirement so there is a check up for an issue
that is not finished or for different kind of things, ok for use let me list the things we checked or
list of things that needs to be checked or corrected as follows
 The first thing was the door for the data room was not working, the door is automatic it
is accessed by using an access card, so the Huawei team fixed it then
 The major issue is data Hall CTRACK-DH-B02 ground cable is not installed for the
cabinet, then they need permission from the team
 Removing plastics this is a minor issue
 Labeling the PDUs
 Cable management that is adjusting the communication cable must be connected
directly
 For Data Hall AC the IP must be changed because its default
 Fire extinguisher must be set properly, that is connecting, covers must be removed after
its finished
 PDU cable and socket must be checked
 For the power room the fire extinguisher must be set
 Power supply and distribution diagram must be edited
 The DG external fuel sensors must be installed in order for it to be monitored on the
Netico
 A manual when the UPS is configured, a maintenance manual
 Power room AC IP address a
 Assign the environmental temperature at power room
 In the outside Automatic lightening (what Is more appropriate

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  The cable on the camera,…
 Around the transformer there is a ground cable that is passing through the transformer
but it should pass out of that because it will be damaged otherwise

IPv4

IPv4 (Internet  Protocol  Version  4) is the fourth revision of the Internet Protocol (IP) used to identify devices
on a network through an addressing system. The Internet Protocol is designed for use in interconnected
systems of packet-switched computer communication networks (see RFC:791).

IPv4 is the most widely deployed Internet protocol used to connect devices to the Internet. IPv4 uses a 32-bit
address scheme allowing for a total of 2^32 addresses (just over 4 billion addresses). With the growth of the
Internet, it is expected that the number of unused IPv4 addresses will eventually run out because every device
— including computers, smartphones and game consoles — that connects to the Internet requires an address.

IPv6
IPv6 (Internet  Protocol  Version  6) is also called IPng (Internet  Protocol  next generation) and it is the newest
version of the Internet Protocol (IP) reviewed in the IETF standards committees to replace the current version
of IPv4 (Internet Protocol Version 4).

IPv6 is the successor to Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4). It was designed as an evolutionary upgrade to the
Internet Protocol and will, in fact, coexist with the older IPv4 for some time. IPv6 is designed to allow the
Internet to grow steadily, both in terms of the number of hosts connected and the total amount of data traffic
transmitted.

IPv6 is often referred to as the “next generation” Internet standard and has been under development now since
the mid-1990s. IPv6 was born out of concern that the demand for IP addresses would exceed the available
supply.

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