A.

Local Related Literature and Studies

The disposal of used plastic has long been a cause ofconcern, Plastic cannot also be

disposed of through burning since plastic fumes cause a wide range of ailments, including skin

diseases. asthma and some forms of cancer. Even recycling, widely endorsed to reduce solid

wastes, does not effectively reduce the volume of used plastic. According to this study, the

organism present in cornstarch is found to be useful in composting plastic that makes it more

biodegradable and compostable. (Mallari 2009)

The biodegradable plastic material decomposes along with composting plants in 60 days,

according to the DoST. Raw materials that go into the plastic come from renewable resource

based biopolymers such as cellulose, com, starch, and soya that are turned into powder form and

mixed with a solution. Non-biodegradable plastic takes a very long time to breakdown and are

harmful to our environment especially when it is not disposed properly. (Lawrence Casiraya I I

February 2014)

He said FIC "also had Bionolle Starcla, a compound derived frorn starch and plants."

Jimenez said, "Bags made from Bionolle Starcla biodegrade in soil, compost, fresh water

seawater and activated sludge where microorganisms are present, a product that has the same

physical properties (as ordinary plastic but) is still recyclable (and) will naturally biodegrade

when placed into microbial environments." plastics must be created in a natural way so that it

might give less harm to human. (Nilo Jimenez 2013)

 In recent years, therefore. concern has been raised regarding the fabrication of

biodegradable composite materials and their subsequent mechanical such as tensile strength,

flexural strength, impact strength and interface strength. From a practical point of view, several

studies have examined the biodegradability of simple biodegradable plastics, while few studies

have examined the biodegradability behavior and long-term durability of the biodegradable

composite materials using natural fiber bundles. All this studies have proof about the durability

of starch-based bioplastics.

(Niihama 2011 )

The local law bans the use of plastic bags and Styrofoam package containers by city

business establishments. In line with the request approval, the city govemment has also allowed

the continued use of biodegradable plastics in stores and malls before resorting to use of paper

bags. We could replace some bio-based plastics for those non-friendly plastic made up of oils.

Reusable bags, recyclable paper bags and compostable or biodegradable bags. are allowed

alternatives. (Edwin Fernandez 2018)

Synthetic plastics are petrochemical-based. which means that they are not easily

degraded and would take almost a decade to decompose. This prompted lawmakers and plastic

makers worldwide to identify and develop durable biodegradable bio-based alternatives. The

downside, though, is that not all plastics can be replaced with biodegradable polymer, like those

single use plastics in which recycling is not an option. Then there is the cost of biodegradable

polymer which is slightly higher than the synthetic plastic. The marketability of the product such

as the customers' acceptance to the product, the way people accept the price competitiveness and

the quality of the

materials because that is specifically made from cornstarch which are inferior in quality and

quantity than those synthetic plastics. (Geraldine Bulaon-Ducusin 2016)

Utilizing renewable resources like agricultural wastes (instead of petroleum sources) and

their biodegradability in different environments enabled these polymers to be more easily

acceptable than the conventional plastics. The biculegradability of bioplastics is highly affected

by their physical and chemical structure. On the other hand, the environment in which they are

located, plays a crucial role in their biodegradation. (S.

Mehdi Emadian, Turgut T. Onay, Burak Demirel 2017)

Starch presents countless potentialities as a feedstock for the development of

biodegradable-based materials. This consideration is essentially related with starch inherent

biodegradability. low cost, worldwide availability, and functionality. Physicochemical and

functional properties of starch condition the potential applications of this in the

biomaterials industry. These features derive from starch botanical origin and the modifications

at which this polysaccharide was subjected.

(Carmen C. Tadini)

There is a growing interests in developing safe and environment-friendly packaging

materials. Nanocomposite sheets from mixture of nanosilica and com starch matrix, were

produced using three different extrusion temperature profiles and three different nano silica

concentration of I 2% and 3%. Addition of nanosilica improved the mechanical properties of the

nanocomposite sheets. Tensile strength increased, while elongation at break decreased. (Adeliza

A Dorado, Engelbert K Peralta, Emesto V

Carpio, Emesto P Lozada, Arnold R Elepafio 2017)

“TheTruthaboutBioplastics”
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