INCA 7.2案例教程 (中英版)

INCA V7.
2
INCA V7.2
Tutorial
教程
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© Copyright 2019 ETAS GmbH, Stuttgart
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INCA V7.2 - Tutorial R05 EN - 12.2019
INCA V7.2-Tutorial R05 EN-12.2019 INCA V7.2-Tutorial R05 EN-12.2019
INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 2
INCA V7.2-教程 2
ETAS GmbH Content
ETAS GmbH 内容
Content
内容
Introduction
1 引言 7
Intended Use
1.1 预期用途 7
Safety Information
1.2 安全信息 7
Typographic Conventions
1.3 字体设计惯例 7
List of Abbreviations
1.4 缩写列表 8
INCA Basics
2 印加基础 9
Concepts
2.1 概念 9
Concepts Applied to the Calibration Process
2.2 校准过程中应用的概念 13
Preparation
3 准备 15
Lesson: Creating the Database
4 课程: 创建数据库 17
Objectives
4.1 目标 17
Review of the Most Important Concepts
4.2 回顾最重要的概念 17
Tasks
4.3 任务 17
4.3.1 Create a New Database
4.3.1 创建一个新的数据库 18
4.3.2 Create a Top Folder in the Database
4.3.2 在数据库中创建一个 Top 文件夹 18
Questions
4.4 问题 21
Summary
4.5 摘要 21
Lesson: Setting Up a Workspace
5 建立一个工作区 22
Objectives
5.1 目标 22
Tasks
5.3 任务 23
5.3.1 Create a Workspace
5.3.1 创建一个工作区 23
5.3.2 Create and Assign a Project
5.3.2 创建和分配一个项目 24
5.3.3 Configure the Project Hardware 28
5.3.3 配置项目硬件
Questions
5.4 问题 35
Summary
5.5 摘要 35
Lesson: Setting Up an Experiment
6 课程: 建立一个实验 36
Objectives
6.1 目标 36
Tasks
6.3 任务 36
6.3.1 Create and Assign an Experiment
6.3.1 创建并分配一个实验 36

INCA V7.2-教程 3
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埃塔斯有限公司内容
6.3.2 Run the Experiment

6.3.2 进行实验 38
6.3.3 Select the Variables Used in the Experiment
6.3.3 选择实验中使用的变量 39
6.3.4 Configuring the Display of the Experiment
6.3.4 配置实验的显示 46
Questions
6.4 问题 54
Summary
6.5 摘要 54
Lesson: Measuring
7 经验教训: 测量 55
Objectives
7.1 目标 55
Tasks
7.3 任务 55
7.3.1 Load the Lambda Calibration Experiment
7.3.1 加载 Lambda 校准实验 55
7.3.2 Start and Stop a Measurement without Recording
7.3.2 在没有记录的情况下启动和停止测量 55
7.3.3 Analyzing Measurements in the YT-Oscilloscope
7.3.3 Yt-示波器中的测量分析 56
7.3.4 Create a Recorder for Manual Recordings
7.3.4 为手动录音创建一个记录器 60
7.3.5 Make a Recording Using a Fixed Recording Interval
7.3.5 使用固定的录音间隔录音 66
7.3.6 Creating a Recorder for an Automated Measurement
7.3.6 为自动化测量创建记录器 67
7.3.7 Perform Recordings
7.3.7 录音 70
Questions
7.4 问题 75
Summary
7.5 摘要 75
Lesson: Calibration
8 课程: 校准 76
Objectives
8.1 目标 76
Tasks
8.3 任务 77
8.3.1 Add Calibration Variables to the Experiment
8.3.1 在实验中加入校准变量 77
8.3.2 Switch Between the Reference and Working Datasets
8.3.2 在参考数据集和工作数据集之间切换 81
Download the Current Version of the Calibration Data to the
8.3.3 ECU
8.3.3 下载校正数据的当前版本到 ECU 82
8.3.4 Show Process Point 83
8.3.4 显示过程点
8.3.5 Perform the Calibration Task
8.3.5 执行校正任务 83
8.3.6 Save the New Calibration Dataset
8.3.6 保存新的校准数据集 89
8.3.7 Edit Several Calibration Variables and Activate them at Once
8.3.7 编辑几个校准变量并立即激活它们 89
Questions
8.4 问题 95
Summary
8.5 摘要 95
Lesson: Managing Calibration Datasets
9 课程: 管理校准数据集 96
Objectives
9.1 目标 96

INCA V7.2-教程 4
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Tasks
9.3 任务 96
9.3.1 Start the CDM
9.3.1 启动清洁发展机制 97
9.3.2 Compare Calibration Datasets
9.3.2 比较校准数据集 100
9.3.3 List Calibration Datasets
9.3.3 列出校准数据集 101
9.3.4 Copy Calibration Datasets
9.3.4 复制校准数据集 101
Questions
9.4 问题 105
Summary
9.5 摘要 105
Lesson: Data Management
10 课程: 数据管理 106
Objectives
10.1 目标 106
Tasks
10.3 任务 106
10.3.1 Export the Database
10.3.1 导出数据库 106
10.3.2 Create an Empty Database
10.3.2 创建一个空的数据库 107
10.3.3 Import the Exported Database into the Empty Database
10.3.3 导入导出数据库到空数据库 107
10.3.4 Reuse Elements of Experiments
10.3.4 重复使用实验的元素 109
10.3.5 Manage Database Objects
10.3.5 管理数据库对象 110
Questions
10.4 问题 111
Summary
10.5 摘要 111
Lesson: Settings and user profiles
11 设置和用户配置文件 112
Objectives
11.1 目标 112
Tasks
11.3 任务 112
11.3.1 Enable the Use of User Profiles
11.3.1 允许使用用户档案 112
11.3.2 Create a New User
11.3.2 创建一个新用户 113
11.3.3 Change to the New User Profile
11.3.3 更改为新的用户配置文件 113
11.3.4 Making Changes to a User Profile
11.3.4 对用户资料进行更改 114
11.3.5 Importing User Options
11.3.5 导入用户选项 116
Questions
11.4 问题 118
Summary
11.5 摘要 118
Appendi
x
12 附录 119
Answers
12.1 答案 119
12.1.1 Lesson: Creating the Database
12.1.1 课程: 创建数据库 119
12.1.2 Lesson: Setting Up a Workspace
12.1.2 建立一个工作区 119
12.1.3 Lesson: Setting Up an Experiment
12.1.3 课程: 建立一个实验 119

INCA V7.2-教程 5
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司内容
12.1.4 Lesson: Measuring

12.1.4 经验教训: 测量 119
12.1.5 Lesson: Calibration
12.1.5 课程: 校准 119
12.1.6 Lesson: Managing Calibration Datasets
12.1.6 课程: 管理校准数据集 119
12.1.7 Lesson: Data Management
12.1.7 课程: 数据管理 120
12.1.8 Lesson: Settings and User Profiles
12.1.8 课程: 设置和用户配置文件 120
Further Reading
12.2 延伸阅读 120
Background Information on Interfaces
12.3 接口的背景信息 121
12.3.1 Open Interfaces
12.3.1 开放接口 121
12.3.2 Standard Interfaces Based on the ASAM-MCD Model
12.3.2 基于 ASAM-MCD 模型的标准接口 123
ETAS Contact Addresses
13 ETAS 联系地址 130
Figures
我就知
道 131
INCA V7.2-教程 6
ETAS GmbH 1 Introduction
ETAS GmbH 1 简介
1 Introduction
1 简介
This tutorial teaches the INCA novice all elementary steps applicable to two
typ-ical tasks performed with INCA: measurement and calibration. The
tutorial does not require any knowledge of INCA.
本教程教授 INCA 新手所有基本步骤，适用于两个典型的任务执行与 INCA:
测量和校准。本教程不需要任何有关 INCA 的知识。
1.1 Intended Use

1.1 预期用途
INCA was developed and approved for automotive applications and procedures
as described in the user documentation for INCA and INCA add-ons. For use in
other application areas, contact your ETAS sales representative.
INCA 是为汽车应用程序开发和核准的，如 INCA 和 INCA 附加组件的用户文件
所述。如需在其他应用领域使用，请与您的 ETAS 销售代表联系。
1.2 Safety Information

1.2 安全信息
Adhere to the ETAS Safety Advice for INCA and to the safety instructions
given in the online help and PDF manuals.
遵守针对 INCA 的 ETAS 安全建议，以及在线帮助和 PDF 手册中给出的安全
说明。
WARNING
警告
Calibration activities influence the behavior of the ECU and the systems
con-trolled by the ECU. This may result in unexpected behavior of the
vehicle and thus can lead to safety critical situations.
校准活动影响 ECU 和 ECU 控制的系统的行为。这可能导致车辆的意外
行为，从而可能导致安全关键情况。
Only well trained personnel should be allowed to perform calibration activities.
只有训练有素的人员才能进行校准活动。
WARNING
警告
Sending out CAN messages influences the behavior of the CAN bus
network and the systems connected to it. This may result in unexpected
behavior of the vehicle and thus can lead to safety critical situations.
发送 CAN 消息会影响 CAN 总线网络及其连接的系统的行为。这可能会
导致车辆的意外行为，从而导致安全危急的情况。
Only well trained personnel should be allowed to perform CAN message
send-ing activities.
只有训练有素的人员才能进行 CAN 信息发送活动。
ETAS GmbH cannot be made liable for damage which is caused by

incorrect use and not adhering to the safety instructions.
ETAS 有限公司不能对不正确使用和不遵守安全说明所造成的损害负责。
1.3 Typographic Conventions

1.3 排版惯例
The following typographic conventions are used in the task descriptions:
在任务描述中使用了以下排版约定:
 Select DatabaseNew means "Select item 'New' from" the

'Database' menu."
Select Database New 意思是“从‘ Database’菜单中选择‘ New’项。”

Click OK means "click the OK button".
单击 OK 表示“单击 OK 按钮”。

INCA V7.2-教程 7
ETAS GmbH 1 Introduction
ETAS GmbH 1 简介
 Enter string means enter the literal string. Generally, items written
like this are literal, with the following exception:
输入字符串意味着输入字符串。一般来说，这样写的项目都是字符串，
除了以下例外:

 Enter <INCA-drive>\INCA\exp1.txt means "substitute the drive
where INCA is installed for <INCA-drive> when entering the string." So if
输入 < INCA-drive > INCA exp1.txt 表示“当输入字符串时，将 INCA 安装的驱
动器替换为 < INCA-drive > 。”

INCA is installed on the c: drive this instruction means "Enter

c:\INCA\-exp1.txt."
INCA 安装在 c: drive 上，该指令表示“ Enter c: INCA-exp1.txt”

 The INCA main window, the window you see after starting up INCA,
is referred to as the Database Manager throughout the tutorial.
INCA 主窗口，你在启动 INCA 后看到的窗口，在整个教程中被称为数据
库管理器。
It is recommended that you use a mouse to interact with the graphical user
inter-face that is presented in the instructions in this tutorial. Besides this
method, INCA allows you to access the same functionality using accelerator
key codes (e.g. <SHIFT> + <F3>) or toolbars (icons).
建议您使用鼠标与本教程中的说明中提供的图形用户界面进行交互。除了这个
方法，INCA 允许你使用加速器密钥代码访问相同的功能。Shift > + < f3 >)或
工具栏(图标)。
1.4 List of Abbreviations

1.4 缩写列表
This manual uses the following abbreviations:
本手册使用以下缩写:
 AUTOSAR – AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture
AUTOSAR-汽车开放系统架构

 ASAM-MCD – Association for Standardisation of Automation and

Meas-uring Systems (Measurement, Calibration and Diagnosis)
自动化和多边环境协会测量、校准和诊断系统标准化协会
 CAN – Bus System for Data Communication (Controller Area Network)
CAN 总线数据通信系统(控制器局域网路)

 CCP – CAN Calibration Protocol, standard protocol based on MCD-1a

CCP-CAN 校准协议，基于 MCD-1a 的标准协议

 CDM – Calibration Data Manager

CDM-校准数据管理器

DB – Database
数据库

 DBM – Database Manager

DBM-数据库管理器

ECU – Electronic Control Unit
电子控制单元

 EE – Experiment Environment
EE-实验环境

 ETK – Emulator-Tastkopf (emulator test probe)

ETK-Emulator-Tastkopf (模拟器测试探针)

 EXP – Experiment
EXP-实验

FIBEX – Field Bus Exchange

现场总线交换机

HWC – Hardware Configuration

硬件配置

INCA – INtegrated Calibration and Acquisition Systems

综合校准和采集系统

MDA – Measure Data Analyzer

MDA-测量数据分析仪

MDF – Measurement Data Format

测量数据格式

 RP – Reference Page
RP-参考页面

WP – Working Page

WP-工作页

WS – Work Space

WS-工作空间

XCP – eXtended Calibration Protocol

扩展校正协议

INCA V7.2-Tutorial 8 INCA V7.2-教程 8
ETAS GmbH 2 INCA Basics
ETAS GmbH 2 INCA Basics ETAS GmbH 2 INCA 基础
2 INCA Basics
2 INCA Basics 2 印加基础
INCA is a measuring, calibration, and diagnostic system that provides com-
prehensive measuring support. INCA aids you in all essential tasks during
con-trol unit calibration, evaluates the measured data, and documents the
calibration results.
INCA 是一个测量，校准和诊断系统，提供全面的测量支持。INCA 协助您完
成控制单元校准过程中的所有基本任务，评估测量数据，并记录校准结果。
INCA lets you read measured data from the control unit and the engine in par-
allel. The program helps you determine measured engine data such as lambda,
different temperatures and voltage values, etc. With INCA, you don't just get a
tool that will adapt to a variety of different control units, but also a system that
will optimize a wide range of different vehicle components.
INCA 允许你并行地读取来自控制单元和发动机的测量数据。该程序帮助您确定
测量的发动机数据，如 lambda，不同的温度和电压值等。使用 INCA，你不仅可
以得到一个能适应各种不同控制单元的工具，还可以得到一个能够优化各种不同
车辆部件的系统。
INCA is an "open system". Consistent implementation of the ASAM-MCD
stand-ard and support for data exchange formats that are established in this
envir-onment allow this program to be used for any ECU interfaces (can be
customized to any manufacturer's control units) and to be integrated in
existing data processing infrastructures.
INCA 是一个“开放系统”。ASAM-MCD 标准的一致实施以及对在这种环境下
建立的数据交换格式的支持，使得该程序可以用于任何 ECU 接口(可以定制到
任何制造商的控制单元) ，并集成到现有的数据处理基础设施中。
INCA consists of a measurement and calibration core system which can be
enhanced by various add-ons and customized extensions (e.g. INCA-MIP,
INCA-QM-BASIC, INCA-FLEXRAY) that can be integrated in INCA. In
addition to that, INCA offers open interfaces which allow for the adaptation
of INCA core capabilities as well as the remote control of INCA by other
applications. For more information, see the"Open Interfaces" on page 121.
INCA 由一个测量和校准核心系统组成，可以通过各种附加组件和定制扩展
(例如 INCA-mip、 INCA-qm-basic、 INCA-flexray)加以增强，这些组件可以
集成在 INCA 中。除此之外，INCA 提供了开放的接口，允许适应 INCA 核
心能力以及其他应用程序对 INCA 的远程控制。欲了解更多信息，请参阅第
121 页的“开放接口”。
Fig. 2-1: INCA System Overview
图 2-1: INCA 系统概述
2.1 Concepts
2.1 概念
This section introduces the main concepts and procedures used in the tutorial:
本节介绍本教程中使用的主要概念和过程:

INCA V7.2-教程 9
Measurement task
测量任务
The state of the engine is assessed using sensors. A sensor measures
an engine parameter and makes the value available to the ECU as a
num-ber. The measurement task consists of sampling all sensor values
over a certain period of time, and recording them. The resulting record
doc-uments the engine behavior for a certain set of calibration values.
使用传感器评估发动机的状态。传感器测量发动机参数，并将该值作为一
个数字提供给 ECU。测量任务包括在一段时间内对所有的传感器值进行采
样，并记录下来。由此产生的记录记录了某一组校准值的发动机行为。
Calibration task
校正任务
It is the task of the ECU (Electronic Control Unit) to control the engine so
it exhibits a desired behavior. The ECU uses a feedback process to do
this: it measures the state of the engine using sensors, and then changes
the state of the engine towards the desired behavior using actuators. The
new state is measured and adjusted again and again, until an equilibrium
is reached. Calibration is the process of adjusting the feedback para-
meters in such a way that the car exhibits the desired behavior when the
equilibrium state is reached. Because the state of the car changes as it is
driven, there are many of these equilibrium states, usually called process
points. A car is non-linear system, and the control algorithm cannot rely
on mathematics to determine the feedback values. Instead it looks up the
required actuator settings in a set of tables, using the sensor values as
lookup criterion. The calibration task consists of setting the values in the
tables. The same ECU can have different valid sets of calibration val-ues
implementing a different behavior, one set for a fast car, for example, and
another set for an economical car.
这是 ECU (电子控制单元)的任务，以控制发动机，使其显示所需的行为。
ECU 使用一个反馈过程来做到这一点: 它使用传感器来测量发动机的状态，
然后使用执行器来改变发动机的状态以达到预期的行为。新的状态被一次
又一次的测量和调整，直到达到一个平衡。校准是一个调整反馈参数的过
程，当达到平衡状态时，汽车表现出期望的行为。因为汽车的状态随着驾
驶而改变，所以有许多这样的平衡状态，通常称为过程点。汽车是非线性
系统，控制算法不能依靠数学来确定反馈值。相反，它使用传感器值作为
查找标准，在一组表格中查找所需的执行器设置。校准任务包括设置表格
中的值。相同的 ECU 可以具有不同的有效校准值集合，实现不同的行为，
例如，一组用于快速汽车，另一组用于经济型汽车。
Memory Emulation
内存仿真
Classically, the ECU memory consists of read-only memory for cal-
ibration data. This means that the calibration data can't be changed dir-
ectly. You use hardware, such as the ES1000 system in combination with
INCA, to bridge the ECU's read-only memory with random access
memory. The calibration data are then loaded into the INCA random
access memory, enabling calibrators to change the data on the fly without
having to change the contents of the actual ECU memory.
传统的 ECU 存储器由校准数据的只读内存组成。这意味着校准数据不能
直接更改。您使用硬件，如 ES1000 系统与 INCA 结合，以桥接 ECU 的
只读内存与随机访问内存。校准数据然后加载到 INCA 随机存取存储器，
使校准器可以改变数据的飞行，而不必改变实际的 ECU 存储器的内容。
Some modern ECUs use the CAN bus protocol, which provides cal-
ibration support. If CAN calibration support is implemented in the ECU
pro-gram, it is possible to change the ECU data on the fly without
having to emulate the ECU memory. To make CAN possible the ECU
contains a programmable semi-permanent memory, the contents of
which remains available after a power cycle.
一些现代 ECUs 使用 CAN 总线协议，提供校准支持。如果在 ECU 程
序中实现了 CAN 校准支持，就有可能实时更改 ECU 数据而无需模拟
ECU 存储器。为了使 CAN 成为可能，ECU 包含可编程的半永久存储
器，其内容在电源循环后仍然可用。
Variables, measure variables, calibration variables (characteristics, curves,

and maps)
变量，测量变量，校准变量(特征，曲线和地图)
The term variable is used as a collective name for both measure
vari-ables and all types of calibration variables.
术语变量用作测量变量和所有类型的校准变量的集合名称。
In general, a measure variable is a value passed by a sensor, and can
be used as a lookup value for calibration variables. Moreover, it is
possible to measure derived or calculated characteristics, or, with
corresponding set-tings, also calibration variables.
一般来说，测量变量是传感器传递的值，可以用作校准变量的查找值。
此外，它可以测量派生或计算的特征，或者，与相应的设置，也校准变
量。
There are three types of calibration variables:
有三种类型的校准变量:

INCA V7.2-教程 10
1. Characteristics are fixed values used as constants by the ECU

pro-gram after they are adjusted during the calibration process.
特性是在校准过程中调整 ECU 程序作为常量使用的固定值。
2. The ECU uses look-up table to determine the required value
of an actuator setting as a function of measure variables (see
Cal-ibration Task). If one variable is used to look up one
output value, the table is called a curve, because it can be
represented graph-ically as an xy-curve.
ECU 使用查找表来确定作为测量变量函数的执行器设置所需的值
(参见 cal 校准任务)。如果使用一个变量来查找一个输出值，则
该表称为曲线，因为它可以以图形方式表示为 xy 曲线。
3. A look-up table using two or more measure variables to find
one output value is called a map, because of the analogy to
an elev-ation map; think of the input variables as the
coordinates, and the output value as the elevation of a certain
location on the map. Maps that derive the output value from
three or more input values are called multi-dimensional maps.
使用两个或多个测量变量来查找一个输出值的查找表称为 map，
因为它类似于海拔地图; 可以将输入变量视为坐标，将输出值视
为地图上某个位置的海拔。从三个或更多的输入值得到输出值
的 map 被称为多维映射。
Process point
过程点
For any curve or map, the process point is the current lookup value
passed to the ECU. The process point changes with the value of the
measure variable used as lookup criterion into the curve or map. The
pro-cess point can be visualized on the map; in a tabular calibration
editor the cell holding the current lookup value is 'selected'. As the
process point changes, the selection moves across the cells of the table.
对于任何曲线或地图，进程点是传递给 ECU 的当前查找值。进程点随着
用作曲线或映射查找标准的测量变量的值而变化。工艺点可以在地图上可
视化; 在表格校准编辑器中，保存当前查找值的单元格被“选中”。随着工艺
点的变化，选择在表格的单元格之间移动。
Database and Database Manager

数据库和数据库管理器
All data created while performing calibration and measurement tasks
(workspaces, experiments, projects, datasets, measurement variables
catalogues, and CAN-DB descriptions) are kept in a database. In order to
effectively use and organize the data INCA features the Database Man-
ager, allowing you to access, reorganize and create data through a
graph-ical user interface. The Database Manager is the INCA main
window, which is the window you see after starting up INCA.
在执行校准和测量任务时创建的所有数据(工作空间、实验、项目、数据集、
测量变量目录和 CAN-DB 描述)都保存在数据库中。为了有效地使用和组
织数据，INCA 具有数据库管理器功能，允许您通过图形用户界面访问、
重新组织和创建数据。数据库管理器是 INCA 的主窗口，也就是你在启动
INCA 后看到的窗口。
INCA can handle more than one database at a time. This allows you to
segment your data into several sets, each corresponding to a single
exper-iment or vehicle, and store them in their own database. This
makes the data more transparent and enhances INCA's performance.
INCA 可以同时处理多个数据库。这允许你将你的数据分割成几组，每
一组对应于一个实验或车辆，并将它们存储在自己的数据库中。这使得
数据更加透明，提高了 INCA 的性能。
Workspace
工作空间
A workspace is the umbrella combining the experiment, the project,
and the hardware configuration into a consistent file set you can
save and load between calibration sessions.
工作区是把实验、项目和硬件配置结合到一个一致的文件集中的一把
伞，你可以在校准会话之间保存和加载它。
Experiment
实验
An experiment is a predefined set of windows filled with those
variables and maps needed to perform a certain calibration or
measurement task. An experiment is stored in the database and
allows you to quickly set up INCA for a certain task by loading it.
实验是一组预定义的窗口，里面填满了执行某项校准或测量任务所需
的变量和地图。一个实验存储在数据库中，通过加载它，你可以快速
地为某个任务设置 INCA。

INCA V7.2-教程 11
Project
项目
A project consists of the definition of all values related to calibration,
and a dataset reflecting a certain version of the ECU program and
calibration values. The project is stored in two files: a *.a2l and a
*.hex file, and ref-erenced in the database.
一个项目包括与校准相关的所有值的定义，以及反映 ECU 程序和校
准值的特定版本的数据集。该项目存储在两个文件中:。A2l 和 a * 。
十六进制文件，并在数据库中引用。
The a2l description file (*.a2l) contains the physical description of
the data and/or parameters of the control unit program, e.g.:
A2l 描述文件(* . a2l)包含控制单元程序的数据和/或参数的物理描述，
例如:
Structural information
结构信息

Memory size
内存大小

Address ranges (e.g. of each measured signal and parameter)

地址范围(例如每个测量信号和参数)

Names of the measured signals and parameters

测量信号和参数的名称

The hex file (*.hex, *.s19; Intel hex or Motorola format) contains
the control unit program consisting of the code and the data. The
contents of this file can be directly loaded into the control unit and
executed by the respective processor.
十六进制文件(* 。十六进制。S19; Intel 十六进制或摩托罗拉格式)包
含由代码和数据组成的控制单元程序。这个文件的内容可以直接加载
到控制单元，并由相应的处理器执行。
Hardware Configuration
硬件配置
The hardware configuration defines the hardware used for a certain
task and, for application hardware, the project to be used and the
cor-responding dataset.
硬件配置定义了用于特定任务的硬件，以及用于应用程序硬件的项目
和相应的数据集。
Dataset
数据集
The values making up the characteristics, curves and maps are
stored in permanent memory in the ECU, and accessed by the ECU
processor. A set of calibration values stored in the database is called
a dataset. Data-sets are versioned; a certain version corresponds to
a certain calibrated behavior. Datasets are stored in *.hex or *.s19
files and referenced in the database.
构成特征、曲线和映射的值存储在 ECU 的永久内存中，并由 ECU 处
理器访问。存储在数据库中的一组校准值称为数据集。数据集被版本
化; 一个特定的版本对应于一个特定的校准行为。数据集存储在 * 。六
角形或 * 。在数据库中引用的 s19 文件。
INCA provides the Memory Page Manager to manage different datasets
(working and reference datasets). This is a versatile tool which you can
use to copy memory contents in any direction. For example, it allows you
to read data versions into and from the control unit or copy data from the
working data version to the reference data version or vice versa.
INCA 提供内存页面管理器来管理不同的数据集(工作和参考数据集)。这
是一个多功能的工具，你可以用来复制任何方向的内存内容。例如，它允
许您将数据版本读入或从控制单元读出，或将数据从工作数据版本复制到
参考数据版本，反之亦然。
The different datasets of the working page and reference page are
stored separately in INCA as the working dataset and the read-only
reference dataset. Read-only datasets are identified by a red frame.
工作页和参考页的不同数据集作为工作数据集和只读参考数据集分别
存储在 INCA 中。只读数据集通过红色框架标识。
When loading the first HEX file, the code portion is mapped to the
control unit project (transparent to the user). The data portion of this
HEX file is stored as the so-called "Master" dataset. The master
dataset is then used to also create the required working dataset.
当加载第一个 HEX 文件时，代码部分映射到控制单元项目(对用户透
明)。HEX 文件的数据部分被存储为所谓的“ Master”数据集。然后主
数据集也被用来创建所需的工作数据集。
User profile
用户资料
A user profile is a collection of settings for a certain user determining the
look and feel of the INCA user interface. A profile can be saved and
loaded between sessions. This allows users to quickly configure the INCA
user interface settings to fit their requirements. Profile settings include
start behavior, window size, window arrangement, paths and many more.
用户配置文件是用于确定 INCA 用户界面外观和感觉的特定用户的设置集
合。一个配置文件可以在会话之间保存和加载。这允许用户快速配置 INCA
用户界面设置来满足他们的需求。配置文件设置包括开始行为，窗口大小，
窗口排列，路径等等。

INCA V7.2-教程 12
Measure Data Analyzer

Measure Data Analyzer 测量数据分析仪
The Measure Data Analysis (MDA) program is an offline instrument
for displaying and analyzing recorded measurement data. It runs in its
own program window and works in display mode or in analysis mode.
Its appearance and functions resemble those of an oscilloscope in
the INCA Experiment Environment. Online measurement, however, is
not possible in MDA.
测量数据分析(MDA)程序是显示和分析记录的测量数据的离线仪器。它
在自己的程序窗口中运行，在显示模式或分析模式下工作。它的外观
和功能类似于 INCA 实验环境中的示波器。然而，在线测量在 MDA 中
是不可能的。
2.2 Concepts Applied to the Calibration Process

2.2 应用于校准过程的概念
Fig. 2-2 shows the calibration cycle, and the role of INCA in the
measurement and calibration processes. The engine's behavior is dictated
by calibration data present in the ECU. During a calibration session the
calibrator works on the cal-ibration data to optimize the engine's behavior.
图 2-2 显示了校准周期，以及 INCA 在测量和校准过程中的作用。发动机的
行为由 ECU 中存在的校准数据决定。在校准会议期间，校准器工作的校准
数据，以优化发动机的行为。
Fig. 2-2: The Calibration and Measurement Applications

图 2-2: 校准和测量应用
1. By emulating parts of the ECU's memory INCA allows

dynamic changes to the calibration data.
通过模拟 ECU 的内存部分，INCA 允许对校准数据进行动态更
改。
2. By providing a window on the on-line data in the ECU INCA
allows calibrators to inspect the engine's behavior and see if
their changes have the desired effect.
通过在 ECU INCA 中提供一个在线数据窗口，允许校准器检查发
动机的行为，看看他们的变化是否有预期的效果。
3. The recording capabilities integrated into INCA allow the
tester to present the test data in a report.
集成到 INCA 中的记录功能允许测试人员在报告中显示测试数据。
Fig. 2-3 shows a functional block diagram of INCA. INCA interfaces with
the ECU and can directly access its memory. A graphical user interface
allows the user to interact with the ECU.
图 2-3 显示了 INCA 的功能框图。INCA 与 ECU 接口，可以直接访问其内
存。图形用户界面允许用户与 ECU 交互。

INCA V7.2-教程 13
Fig. 2-3: Memory emulation

图 2-3: 内存仿真
1. INCA can emulate the ECU memory.

INCA 可以模拟 ECU 内存。
2. The ECU then uses the data in INCA as if they were its own.
然后 ECU 将 INCA 中的数据当作自己的数据来使用。
3. This allows the calibrator to manipulate the calibration data
and ECU program on the fly without having to change the
actual ECU memory.
这允许校准器动态操作校准数据和 ECU 程序，而不必改变实际的
ECU 内存。
4. INCAcan access the ECU memory directly. Measurements can
be recorded to be used in reports.
印卡可以直接访问 ECU 存储器。测量数据可以记录在报告中使用。
ETAS GmbH 3 Preparation
ETAS 有限公司 3 制剂
3 Preparation
3 准备
Before starting with the tutorial you must prepare the system.
在开始学习本教程之前，必须准备好系统。
You must have an INCA system installed and running on the computer you
want to use for the tutorial. INCA can be started from an icon on the desktop,
or from the Start menu.
你必须有一个 INCA 系统安装和运行在你想要用于教程的计算机上。INCA 可
以从桌面上的图标启动，也可以从 Start 菜单启动。
Note
注释
The tasks in the tutorial can be performed in demo mode, meaning you
do not need any actual hardware. The hardware is simulated by the ETK
Test Device and the VADI Test Device. The devices are installed along
with the INCA soft-ware; you do not have to install them separately.
本教程中的任务可以在演示模式下执行，这意味着您不需要任何实际的硬
件。硬件由 ETK Test Device 和 VADI Test Device 模拟。这些设备和
INCA 软件一起安装; 你不必分别安装它们。
Make sure that the following files are present in the

确保下列文件存在于
<INCA base>1. \ETASData\INCA\Data\Demo directory:
ETASData INCA Data Demo 目录:
 0400.hex
0400 巫术

 0400.a2l
0400. a2l
Make sure that the computer you use for this tutorial has an Internet browser
installed on it, and that the extension .HTM is associated with the browser.
请确保本教程使用的计算机上安装了 Internet 浏览器，并确保扩展名。HTM 与
浏览器相关联。
Overview and objectives

概述和目标
Lambda calibration optimizes the way that fuel is burned in the engine in order
to reduce overall fuel consumption and emissions. The Lambda value specifies
the air-fuel-ratio of the air-fuel mixture that gets burned inside the cylinder.
According to theory you need 14.7 kilograms of ambient air to completely burn 1
kilogram of fuel. Before the introduction of Engine Control Units (ECUs), the only
way to make sure the engine would run in any environment (during a cold start,
for example) was to adjust the amount of air let into the engine below the
theoretical amount, making the mixture richer in fuel. The result of this was that
not all the fuel in the mixture was burned, and the exhaust gas would be rich in
unburned and half-burned fuel. This method of running the engine with too little
air is called rich engine management.
Lambda 校准优化燃料在发动机中燃烧的方式，以减少整体燃料消耗和排放。
Lambda 值指定在气缸内燃烧的空气燃料混合物的空气燃料比。根据理论，你需
要 14.7 千克的环境空气才能完全燃烧 1 千克的燃料。在引入发动机控制单元
(ECUs)之前，确保发动机在任何环境下(例如在冷启动期间)运行的唯一方法是将
进入发动机的空气量调整到低于理论值，使混合物含油量更高。这样做的结果是，
混合物中的燃料并未全部燃烧，尾气中富含未燃烧和半燃烧的燃料。这种用很少
的空气来运行发动机的方法被称为富发动机管理。
ECUs enabled using the measured value fuel rest in the exhaust gas (Lambda)
in a control loop making he engine use less fuel. The new method is called lean
engine management. In this tutorial you analyze and calibrate the control loop
enabling lean engine management: the value of the Lambda sensor in the
exhaust pipe is used to control the air throttle at the engine inlet.
ECUs 能够使用测量值燃料休息在废气(Lambda)的控制回路，使发动机使用更少
的燃料。这种新方法被称为精益发动机管理。在本教程中，您分析和校准控制回
路，使精益发动机管理: 在排气管的 Lambda 传感器的价值是用来控制发动机进
口的空气节流阀。
1. Disk drive or root directory containing the corresponding folder

1. 包含相应文件夹的磁盘驱动器或根目录

ETAS GmbH 3 Preparation
ETAS 有限公司 3 制剂
What you have learned after completing the tutorial

完成本教程后你学到了什么
At the end of the tutorial you will be able to perform measurement and
calibration tasks well enough to be able to work out the finer details of INCA's
functionality with the aid of the on-line help system as a reference as you
practice your skills dur-ing your first real assignments with INCA. In addition,
you will have a profile and a sample workspace and experiment at your
disposal that you can use to jump-start your future calibration assignments.
在本教程的最后，您将能够执行测量和校准任务足够好，以便能够在线帮助系
统的帮助下，作为参考，在您的技能练习期间，您的第一次真正的任务与
INCA 的功能细节。此外，你还将拥有一个配置文件和一个样本工作空间，并
且可以随时进行实验，以便你可以利用它来启动未来的校准任务。
ETAS GmbH 4 Lesson: Creating the Database
第四课: 创建数据库
4 Lesson: Creating the Database

Learning time: 15 minutes.

学习时间: 15 分钟。
4.1 Objectives
4.1 目标
You will ready the INCA system for the Lambda calibration task by setting
up the database you need to carry out the task.
您将通过设置执行任务所需的数据库，为 Lambda 校准任务准备 INCA 系
统。
4.2 Review of the Most Important Concepts

4.2 回顾最重要的概念
Database andDatabase Manager

数据库和数据库管理器
All data created while performing calibration and measurement tasks
(work-spaces, experiments, projects, datasets, measurement variables
catalogs, and CAN-DB descriptions) are kept in a database. In order to
effectively use and organize the data INCA features the Database
Manager, allowing you to access, reorganize and create data through
a graphical user interface. The Database Manager is the INCA main
window, which is the window you see after starting up INCA.
在执行校准和测量任务(工作空间、实验、项目、数据集、测量变量目录
和 CAN-DB 描述)时创建的所有数据都保存在数据库中。为了有效地使
用和组织数据，INCA 的特点是数据库管理器，允许您通过图形用户界
面访问、重新组织和创建数据。数据库管理器是 INCA 的主窗口，也就
是你在启动 INCA 后看到的窗口。
INCA can handle more than one database at a time. This allows you to
seg-ment your data into several sets, each corresponding to a single
experiment or vehicle, and store them in their own database. This makes
the data more transparent and enhances INCA's performance.
INCA 可以同时处理多个数据库。这允许你将数据分割成几组，每一组对
应于一个实验或者车辆，并将它们存储在各自的数据库中。这使得数据更
加透明，提高了 INCA 的性能。
4.3 Tasks
4.3 任务
After starting INCA you see the user interface (see image in the next chapter
Create a New Database), the Database Manager. The top left field,
Database Objects, that shows the database tree structure is referred to as
the navigator field in this tutorial. The navigator field shows all elements in
the current database. The structure you see reflects the database structure,
not the hierarchical structure out-lined in the concepts chapter. You can
expand and collapse folders in the database by clicking the + and - icons,
and select objects in the folders by clicking them, like in Windows Explorer.
启动 INCA 后，您将看到用户界面(参见下一章“创建新数据库”中的图像) ，即
数据库管理器。左上角显示数据库树结构的字段 Database Objects 在本教程
中被称为 navigator 字段。Navigator 字段显示当前数据库中的所有元素。你
看到的结构反映的是数据库结构，而不是概念章节中列出的层次结构。您可以
通过单击 + 和-图标来展开和折叠数据库中的文件夹，并通过单击文件夹中的
对象来选择对象，就像在 windows 文件资源管理器中一样。
The other fields provide information about the object currently selected in
the nav-igator field.
其他字段提供当前在导航定位器字段中选择的对象的信息。
The bottom left field is used for general comments about the item which is
selec-ted in the field above.
左下角字段用于对上面字段中选定的项目进行一般性评论。
The right side of the Database Manager is variable. Which fields are
displayed here, as well as the information in them, also depends on the
type of object selec-ted in the navigator field.
数据库管理器的右边是可变的。这里显示的字段以及其中的信息也取决于导
航器字段中选择的对象类型。

INCA V7.2-教程 17
4.3.1 Create a New Database

4.3.1 创建一个新的数据库
It is recommended that you create a new database for every new
experiment. This practice keeps the data transparent and the data volume
associated with individual experiments manageable.
建议你为每个新的实验创建一个新的数据库。这种做法可以保证数据的透明
性，并且可以管理与单个实验相关联的数据量。
To create a new database
创建新数据库
1. Select Database  New.

新建数据库。
2. In the "New Database" dialog, enter Tutorial.
在“新建数据库”对话框中，输入 Tutorial。
3. Click OK.
点击确定。
After this, the navigator field is empty except for the item DEFAULT, which
is a default and empty folder. The second field in the status bar along the
bottom of the screen indicates which database is active: DB:<Tutorial>.
在此之后，导航器字段为空，除了默认项 DEFAULT 和空文件夹。屏幕底部
状态栏中的第二个字段表示哪个数据库处于活动状态: DB:。
4.3.2 Create a Top Folder in the Database

4.3.2 在数据库中创建一个 Top 文件夹
To be able to create database items such as workspaces, experiments, and pro-
jects, you must first create a top folder. In the next few lessons you create
folders with the other database elements as sub-folders under the top folder.
To create a top folder
1. Select Edit  Add  Add top folder.
添加顶部文件夹。
2. Rename the new folder Tutorial and press <ENTER>.
重命名新文件夹 Tutorial 并按下 < enter > 。
INCA V7.2-教程 18
The top folder is displayed in the navigator field as shown in the screen
shot above. Below the top folder you create the other folders in the other
lessons of the tutorial.
顶部文件夹显示在导航栏中，如上面的屏幕快照所示。在顶部文件夹下方，
你可以在教程的其他课程中创建其他文件夹。
INCA V7.2-教程 19

4.4 Questions
4.4 问题
Answer the following questions to test your understanding of the subject
matter presented in this lesson.
回答以下问题，以测试你对本课主题的理解。
1. The right side of the Database Manager always contains
the same fields.
数据库管理器的右侧总是包含相同的字段。
A. True
没错
B. False
错误
2. Arrange the following steps in the correct order:
按照正确的顺序安排以下步骤:
A. Create database structure
创建数据库结构
B. Create database
创建数据库
C. Create top folder
创建顶级文件夹
4.5 Summary
4.5 摘要
In this lesson you learned how to create a new database with its top folder.
在本课中，您学习了如何使用顶部文件夹创建一个新的数据库。
INCA V7.2-教程 21
ETAS GmbH 5 Lesson: Setting Up a Workspace
第五课: 设置工作空间
5 Lesson: Setting Up a Workspace

第五课: 设置工作区
Learning time: 30 minutes

学习时间: 30 分钟
5.1 Objectives
5.1 目标
In this lesson you set up a workspace for Lambda calibration. The
workspace con-tains an experiment as well as a project with its hardware
configuration. In addi-tion, you learn to configure the hardware module by
adding an auxiliary measurement device.
在本课中，您将为 Lambda 校准设置一个工作区。工作区包含一个实验和一
个硬件配置的项目。另外，你可以通过添加一个辅助测量设备来学习配置硬
件模块。

5.2 检讨最重要的概念
Workspace
工作空间
A workspace is the umbrella combining the experiment and the project into a
consistent file set you can save and load between calibration sessions.
工作区是将实验和项目结合到一个一致的文件集中的保护伞，您可以在校准会
话之间保存和加载。
Project
项目
A project consists of the definition of all values related to calibration,
and a dataset reflecting a certain version of the ECU program and
calibration val-ues. The project is stored in two files: a *.a2l and a
*.hex file, and ref-erenced in the database.
一个项目包括与校准有关的所有值的定义，以及反映 ECU 程序和校准
值的某个版本的数据集。该项目存储在两个文件中:。A2l 和 a * 。十
六进制文件，并在数据库中引用。
The a2l description file (*.a2l) contains the physical description
of the data and/or parameters of the control unit program, e.g.:
A2l 描述文件(* . a2l)包含控制单元程序的数据和/或参数的物理描
述，例如:
Structural information
结构信息

Memory size
内存大小

Address ranges (e.g. of each measured signal and parameter)

地址范围(例如每个测量信号和参数)

 Names of the measured signals and parameters

测量信号和参数的名称

The hex file (*.hex, *.s19; Intel hex or Motorola format) contains
the control unit program consisting of the code and the data. The
contents of this file can be directly loaded into the control unit and
executed by the respective processor.
十六进制文件(* 。十六进制。S19; Intel 十六进制或摩托罗拉格式)包
含由代码和数据组成的控制单元程序。这个文件的内容可以直接加
载到控制单元，并由相应的处理器执行。
Hardware Configuration
硬件配置
The hardware configuration defines the hardware used for a certain
task and, for application hardware, the project to be used and the
corresponding dataset.
硬件配置定义用于特定任务的硬件，以及用于应用程序硬件的要使用的
项目和相应的数据集。
Dataset
数据集
The values making up the characteristics, curves and maps are stored in per-
manent memory in the ECU, and accessed by the ECU processor. A set of
calibration values stored in the database is called a dataset. Datasets are
versioned; a certain version corresponds to a certain calibrated behavior.
Datasets are stored in *.hex or *.s19 files and referenced in the data-base.
These files are binary images of the ECU memory, and beside the cal-ibration
data they also contain the ECU program itself.
构成特征、曲线和地图的值存储在 ECU 的永久存储器中，由 ECU 处理器访问。
存储在数据库中的一组校准值称为数据集。数据集是有版本的; 一个特定的版本
对应于一个特定的校准行为。数据集存储在 * 。六角形或 * 。在数据库中引用
的 s19 文件。这些文件是 ECU 内存的二进制图像，除了校准数据之外，它们
还包含了 ECU 程序本身。

INCA provides the Memory Page Manager to manage different datasets

(working and reference datasets). This is a versatile tool which you can
use to copy memory contents in any direction. For example, it allows you
to read data versions into and from the control unit or copy data from the
work-ing data version to the reference data version or vice versa.
INCA 提供了内存页面管理器来管理不同的数据集(工作和参考数据集)。这
是一个多功能的工具，你可以用来复制任何方向的内存内容。例如，它允许
您将数据版本读入或从控制单元读出，或将数据从工作数据版本复制到参考
数据版本，反之亦然。
The different datasets of the working page and reference page are
stored separately in INCA as the working dataset and the read-only
reference data-set. Read-only datasets are identified by a red frame.
工作页和参考页的不同数据集作为工作数据集和只读参考数据集分别存
储在 INCA 中。只读数据集通过红色框架标识。
When loading the first HEX file, the code portion is mapped to the
control unit project (transparent to the user). The data portion of this
HEX file is stored as the so-called "Master" dataset. The master
dataset is then used to also create the required working dataset.
当加载第一个 HEX 文件时，代码部分映射到控制单元项目(对用户透
明)。HEX 文件的数据部分被存储为所谓的“ Master”数据集。然后主
数据集也被用来创建所需的工作数据集。
5.3 Tasks
5.3 任务
5.3.1 Create a Workspace

5.3.1 创建一个工作区
First you must create a new workspace in the database.
首先，您必须在数据库中创建一个新的工作区。
To create a workspace
创建一个工作区
1. Select the top folder you want to create the workspace in.
Here, select the Tutorial folder.
选择您想要在其中创建工作区的顶部文件夹。
2. Select Edit  Add  Add Folder.

选择 Edit Add Add Folder。
3. Rename the new folder to Workspace and press <ENTER>.
将新文件夹重命名为 Workspace 并按下 < enter > 。
4. Make sure the Workspace folder is selected.
确保 Workspace 文件夹被选中。
5. Select Edit  Add  Workspace.

选择 Edit Add Workspace。
6. Rename the new workspace OneETK and press <ENTER>.
重命名新工作区 OneETK 并按下 < enter > 。
The name OneETK is chosen to reflect the environment used in this tutorial: a setup
with a single ETK. An ETK is a parallel interface to the ECU used by INCA.
选择名称 OneETK 是为了反映本教程中使用的环境: 使用单个 ETK 的设置。ETK 是
INCA 使用的 ECU 的并行接口。

INCA V7.2-教程 23
If the new workspace is selected you see some empty fields on the right
side of the Database Manager that contains the experiments, projects, and
hardware for the workspace. To be able to fill these fields with the
appropriate experiment, project, and hardware, you must first create them.
如果选择了新工作区，您将在 Database Manager 的右侧看到一些空字段，
其中包含工作区的实验、项目和硬件。为了能够用适当的实验、项目和硬件
填充这些字段，你必须首先创建它们。
In order to be able to use a database object in your workspace, you must
assign it explicitly to the workspace.
为了能够在工作区中使用数据库对象，必须将其显式分配给工作区。
In this lesson you create the project and the hardware description. In the next
les-son you create the experiment.
在本课中，你要创建项目和硬件描述。在下一节课中，你要创建实验。
5.3.2 Create and Assign a Project

5.3.2 创建和分配一个项目
After assigning the a2l file to the project, INCA is able to access and
interpret the memory contents of the described ECU. Note that this also
means that while working with this description, INCA can access only the
exact ECU described by the description file, and no other.
在将 a2l 文件分配给项目之后，INCA 能够访问并解释所描述的 ECU 的内存
内容。注意，这也意味着在使用这个描述时，INCA 只能访问描述文件所描述
的 ECU，而不能访问其他的。
The project is placed in a new project folder, which is placed directly under
the top folder, not as a subfolder to the workspace folder. This enables you
to use the project hardware for different experiments, which use different
workspaces. Although such a database folder structure is not one-to-one
with the INCA use model, it allows full leverage of all the database elements
you create. This approach works well for beginners, but keep in mind that
there are many ways to organize your data. In the future you may want to
develop other schemes to fit the requirements of a certain project.
该项目被放置在一个新的项目文件夹中，该文件夹直接放置在顶部文件夹下，
而不是作为工作区文件夹的子文件夹。这使你可以使用项目硬件进行不同的实
验，这些实验使用不同的工作空间。尽管这样的数据库文件夹结构不是与
INCA 使用模型一对一的，但是它允许充分利用您创建的所有数据库元素。这
种方法对初学者很有效，但是请记住，有很多方法可以组织你的数据。将来你
可能需要开发其他方案来满足特定项目的需求。
The ECU cannot work without values for the characteristics, curves and
maps, so in addition to the description of the ECU memory, INCA needs an
initial set of calibration data to work with. Note that the calibration data are
not part of the description file, and you can have many calibration datasets
in a single project, each representing a different phase in the calibration, or
a different calibration profile.
ECU 不能在没有特性、曲线和地图值的情况下工作，因此除了对 ECU 存储
器的描述外，INCA 还需要一组初始的校准数据来工作。请注意，校准数据不
是描述文件的一部分，您可以在一个项目中拥有许多校准数据集，每个数据
集代表校准中的不同阶段或不同的校准配置文件。
To create and assign a project
创建和分配项目
1. Select the top folder Tutorial.
选择顶部文件夹 Tutorial。

3. Rename the new folder Project_0400.
重命名新文件夹 Project _ 0400。
4. Make sure the Project_0400 folder is selected.
确保选中 project_0400 文件夹。
5. Select Edit  Add  ECU project (A2L). The
"Read ASAM-2MC from:" dialog pops up.
选择 Edit Add ECU project (A2L)。“ Read
ASAM-2MC from:”对话框弹出。

INCA V7.2-教程 24
6. Browse to the <INCA base>\

ETASData\INCA7.2\Data\Demo directory, select the
file 0400.a2l and click Open.
浏览到 < inca base > ETASData INCA7.2 Data Demo 目录，
选择文件 0400. a2l 并单击 Open。
The "Select Data File" dialog appears.
出现“选择数据文件”对话框。
7. Browse to <INCA base>\ETASData\INCA7.2\Data\Demo
directory, select the file 0400.hex, and click Open.
浏览到 < inca base > ETASData INCA7.2 Data Demo 目录，选择
0400. hex 文件，然后单击 Open。
Note that only the description, not the calibration dataset, is

shown as a separate database item in the database navigator
field. If you select the new project description 0400 in the
navigator field you see all calibration datasets valid for this
description in the Datasets field on the right-hand side of the
Database Manager. Continue with assigning the newly created
project to the OneETK work-space:
请注意，只有描述，而不是校准数据集，显示为一个单独的数据
库项在数据库导航器字段。如果在导航器字段中选择新的项目描
述 0400，则在 Database Manager 右侧的 Datasets 字段中会看
到对此描述有效的所有校准数据集。继续将新创建的项目分配到
OneETK 工作区:
8. Select OneETK workspace in the Workspace folder.
在 Workspace 文件夹中选择 OneETK 工作区。
9. Select Project  Add Project/Dataset.

选择 Project Add Project/Dataset。

INCA V7.2-教程 25
The "Select project and working data" dialog appears.

将出现“ Select project and working data”对话框。
10. Select the 0400 project in the navigator field on the left-hand
side of the dialog.
在对话框左边的导航栏中选择 0400 项目。
11. Select the master dataset 0400 in the Datasets field on the
right-hand side of the dialog.
在对话框右侧的 dataset 字段中选择主数据集 0400。
12. Click OK.

点击确定。
The "Add new device for project" dialog opens.
“ Add new device for project”对话框打开。
INCA V7.2-教程 26
If you do not explicitly assign a device and close this dialog

with Cancel, an offline device is assigned by default after
selecting a project/dataset. This hardware is intended as a
placeholder if you do not select a device right now and want to
prepare your exper-iment at first.
如果你没有显式地分配一个设备，并且关闭了 Cancel 对话框，
那么在选择一个项目/数据集之后，默认情况下会分配一个离线
设备。如果你现在没有选择一个设备，并且想先准备你的实验，
那么这个硬件就是一个占位符。
In the present example, a virtual system is to be used instead
of the offline device. The use of a virtual system is meaningful
if you do not know which device is used on the vehicle. You
can use the virtual system for preparing the experiment and
later replace it on the vehicle with the actual system used.
在本例中，将使用虚拟系统代替脱机设备。如果你不知道车辆
上使用的是哪种设备，那么使用虚拟系统是有意义的。你可以
使用虚拟系统来准备实验，然后在车上用实际使用的系统代替
它。
13. Under Virtual System, Select device ETKC.
在虚拟系统下，选择设备 ETKC。
14. Click OK.
点击确定。
Now select the OneETK workspace in the navigator field, and
have a look at the fields on the right-hand side of the Database
Manager.
现在，在导航器字段中选择 OneETK 工作区，查看数据库管理
器右侧的字段。

INCA V7.2-教程 27
You see:
你看:
l The Experiment field at the top contains the experiment assigned to the
workspace. Because you have not assigned an experiment yet, this field is
empty. You assign an experiment in Lesson: Setting up an experiment.
顶部的 Experiment 字段包含了分配给工作区的实验。因为你还没有指定一个实
验，所以这个区域是空的。你在课堂上布置了一个实验: 设置一个实验。
 Two boxes in the Project/Device field.

Project/Device 字段中的两个框。

The left box has three entries indicating the currently used project data. 
左边的框有三个条目表示当前使用的项目数据。

The top entry (0400) is the name of the project description.

最上面的条目(0400)是项目描述的名称。

 The next entry (WP: 0400_1) is the name of the currently used working
dataset (WP means working page and refers to a 'page' of memory with
the working dataset). Note that you have neither created a working data-
set, nor assigned the name 0400_1. Because a project must have a
working dataset, 0400_1 was created and named automatically by INCA
using the master dataset you loaded earlier as a basis (the use of
working and reference datasets is explained in Lesson: Calibration).
下一个条目(WP: 0400 _ 1)是当前使用的工作数据集的名称(WP 意味着工作
页面，指的是工作数据集的内存“页面”)。注意，你既没有创建一个工作数
据集，也没有指定名称 0400 _ 1。因为项目必须有一个工作数据集，所
以 INCA 使用您先前加载的主数据集作为基础，自动创建并命名 0400 _
1(工作数据集和参考数据集的使用在 Lesson: Calibration 中解释)。
 The last entry (RP: 0400) is the currently used reference dataset (RP
means Reference Page), referring to a read-only copy of the master
data-set.
最后一个条目(RP: 0400)是当前使用的引用数据集(RP 意味着引用页面) ，
引用主数据集的只读副本。

 The right frame contains the Virtual System:1 entry, the system
cur-rently used. Under the ETKC:1 entry is the hardware module
currently used. Since a project in INCA must always have a hardware
module, we have selected this hardware module temporarily. The
hardware module doesn't represent any actual hardware, and is called
a virtual hardware module.
右边的框架包含 Virtual System: 1 条目，系统当前使用。在 ETKC: 1 条目
下是当前使用的硬件模块。因为 INCA 中的一个项目必须总是有一个硬
件模块，所以我们暂时选择了这个硬件模块。硬件模块并不代表任何实
际的硬件，它被称为虚拟硬件模块。

5.3.3 Configure the Project Hardware

5.3.3 配置项目硬件

To be able to perform the tutorial without real hardware, the hardware

must be simulated. For this reason, the virtual system is replaced with a
test system in this step.
为了能够在没有真正硬件的情况下执行本教程，硬件必须是模拟的。出于这
个原因，在这一步中，虚拟系统被测试系统所取代。


INCA V7.2-教程 28
Note
注释
The TS test system simulates a real hardware. The test system can be
used to measure simulated measured values and change calibration
variables without using real hardware. However, the test system does not
perform any raster check and is, therefore, not suitable for preparing a
real experiment. It is used solely for exercise purposes.
TS 测试系统模拟了一个真实的硬件。测试系统可以用来测量模拟的测量值
和改变校准变量，而无需使用真正的硬件。然而，测试系统不执行任何光
栅检查，因此，不适合准备一个真正的实验。它仅用于锻炼目的。
In this tutorial you add the ETK Test Device hardware to the OneETK
work-space.
在本教程中，将 ETK Test Device 硬件添加到 OneETK 工作空间。
To configure the project hardware
配置项目硬件
1. Select the ETKC:1 hardware module in the right frame of the

Pro-ject/Device field in the Database Manager.
在 Database Manager 的 pro-project/Device 字段的右侧框架中选
择 ETKC: 1 硬件模块。
2. Select Device  <new device>.
选择 Device < new Device > 。
3. INCA analyzes the project and displays the Add new device
for project dialog, with a list of hardware interfaces and
associated devices.
INCA 分析项目并显示 Add new device for project 对话框，以及
硬件接口和相关设备的列表。
The list is based on specifications given in the project
description file.
该列表基于项目描述文件中给出的规范。
4. Select the ETK test device listed under the TS test sys-
4. 选择 TS 测试系统中列出的 ETK 测试设备

INCA V7.2-教程 29
tem interface, and click OK.

Tem 接口，点击 OK。
Now, if you select the OneETK workspace again, you see that the current hard-
ware module has changed to ETK test device:1, and that the same device
is listed for the TS test system:1 interface in the Hardware field. The virtual
system has been replaced by the new device, and has disappeared.
现在，如果您再次选择 OneETK 工作区，您会看到当前的硬件模块已经更改为
ETK test device: 1，并且在 Hardware 字段中为 TS test system: 1 接口列出了相
同的设备。虚拟系统已经被新设备取代，并且消失了。
The hardware module you have defined can access the ECU using the
defin-itions given in the project description file. Often, however, you want to
use addi-tional measurements from hardware components external to the
ECU. Because these modules aren't specified in the project description file,
you must provide the description of the values returned by the modules
yourself. This task is called 'configuring the device'. As an example, you now
add the VADI analog-to-digital converter, which resides in the ES1000 rack,
to the project hardware mod-ule.
您定义的硬件模块可以使用项目描述文件中给出的定义访问 ECU。然而，通
常情况下，你需要使用来自 ECU 外部硬件组件的额外测量。因为这些模块没
有在项目描述文件中指定，所以你必须自己提供模块返回值的描述。这个任务
叫做“配置设备”。作为一个示例，现在将驻留在 ES1000 机架中的 VADI 模拟
数字转换器添加到项目硬件模块中。
Note
注释
If real INCA hardware is connected to the computer, you can also have
INCA automatically search for available devices by using the menu
option Hard-ware  Search for hardware. In this tutorial, however, the
devices are sim-ulated, and are added manually.
如果真正的 INCA 硬件连接到计算机，您也可以让 INCA 自动搜索可用的
设备，通过使用菜单选项硬件搜索硬件。但是在本教程中，这些设备是模
拟的，并且是手动添加的。
To add the additional VADI hardware component

添加额外的 VADI 硬件组件
1. Select the OneETK workspace.

选择 OneETK 工作区。
2. Select Device  Configure Hardware.

选择设备配置硬件。
The Hardware Configuration Editor appears.
硬件配置编辑器出现。

INCA V7.2-教程 30
By displaying Hardware: >OneETK< in its title bar the window

indicates that the device to be configured is added to the hardware
module of the OneETK workspace. The Hardware Devices field at
the left-hand side of the window shows the dependencies of the
devices in a tree structure. Do not confuse this tree structure with
the navigator field of the Database Manager; the Hardware Con-
figuration Editor shows hardware components only. The right-hand
side of the Hardware Configuration Editor shows the configuration
parameters for the device to be configured. The information is dis-
tributed over several forms accessible through the tabs along the
top of the forms. Proceed by adding the new VADI device:
通过在标题栏中显示 Hardware: > OneETK < ，窗口指示要配置的
设备已添加到 OneETK 工作区的硬件模块中。窗口左侧的
Hardware Devices 字段显示了设备在树结构中的依赖关系。不要把
这个树结构和 Database Manager 的 navigator 字段混淆; Hardware
con-configuration Editor 只显示硬件组件。Hardware Configuration
Editor 的右侧显示了要配置的设备的配置参数。这些信息分布在几
个表单上，可以通过表单顶部的标签访问。继续添加新的 VADI 设
备:
3. Select the TS Test System:1 interface in the Hardware
Devices field of the Hardware Configuration Editor.
在 Hardware Configuration Editor 的 Hardware Devices 字段中
选择 TS Test System: 1 接口。
4. Select Device  Insert.

选择设备插入。
5. The Add Hardware device dialog appears, showing a list of
avail-able devices.
将出现“添加硬件设备”对话框，显示可用设备的列表。

INCA V7.2-教程 31
6. Select VADI test device from the list, and click OK.
从列表中选择 VADI 测试设备，然后单击 OK。
7. You return to the Hardware Configuration Editor. The entry
VADI test device:1 (1) is added to the devices listed in
the Hard-ware devices field.
返回到硬件配置编辑器。条目 VADI 测试设备: 1(1)被添加到硬件设
备字段中列出的设备中。
If you now select the VADI test device:1 (1), the right-hand side of the
Hardware Configuration Editor shows the parameters for the new device. The
form with the Parameters tab allows you to set parameters for the entire mod-
如果现在选择 VADI 测试设备: 1(1) ，则 Hardware Configuration Editor 的右侧
显示新设备的参数。包含 Parameters 选项卡的表单允许你为整个 mod 设置参
数

INCA V7.2-教程 32
ule. The form with the Info tab gives information about the device. The form
with the Channels tab allows you to configure the individual channels of the
VADI device.
Ule.带有 Info 标签的表单提供了关于设备的信息。带有 Channels 选项卡的表
单允许你配置 VADI 设备的各个频道。
For this tutorial, keep the default values, created automatically when you
added the device, for all the parameters of the VADI device.
在本教程中，为 VADI 设备的所有参数保留默认值(在添加设备时自动创建)。
Note the STOP icons displayed in front of the devices listed in the Hardware
devices field of the Hardware Configuration Editor. The stop sign means that
the device is specified, but not yet active. To activate the devices, you must ini-
tialize them. When you initialize devices, INCA attempts to establish a con-
nection to all the devices specified in the hardware module. For those devices
where the initialization was successful, the icon changes to a sign with an up
arrow to indicate the device is active.
注意显示在硬件配置编辑器的硬件设备字段中列出的设备前面的 STOP 图标。
停止标志表示设备已指定，但尚未激活。要激活这些设备，你必须初始化它们。
当你初始化设备时，INCA 尝试建立一个连接到硬件模块中指定的所有设备。对
于那些初始化成功的设备，图标会变成一个带有向上箭头的标志，表示设备处于
活动状态。
Note
注释
In this tutorial, you can initialize the devices even though no actual hardware is
connected to the computer because the devices are simulated. In a real work-
space, in which you are using real and non-simulated hardware, you can suc-
cessfully initialize and enable these devices only if they are connected and have a
current firmware status. The firmware status is displayed in the Hardware status
dialog window or in the bottom toolbar of the experiment.
在本教程中，您可以初始化设备，即使没有实际的硬件连接到计算机，因为设备是
模拟的。在使用真实和非模拟硬件的真实工作空间中，只有当这些设备连接并具有
当前固件状态时，才能成功地初始化和启用这些设备。固件状态显示在硬件状态对
话框窗口或实验的底部工具栏中。
Additional information about the hardware status is available in the online
help of the Hardware Configuration Editor under "Hardware Status Display".
关于硬件状态的其他信息可以在“硬件状态显示”下的硬件配置编辑器的在线帮
助中获得。
To show the hardware status and initialize the hardware devices

显示硬件状态并初始化硬件设备
1. Select Hardware  Hardware Status.

选择硬件硬件状态。
INCA initializes the hardware and shows the results, as well
as other status information, in the Hardware Status dialog.
INCA 初始化硬件并在硬件状态对话框中显示结果以及其他
状态信息。
Note
注释
If the hardware is not automatically initialized, automatic ini-

tialization might be switched off. This is useful in cases such as
preparing workspace and/or experiment offline, when you don't
need to access the hardware. To enable automatic hardware ini-
tialization, go to the Database Manager and select Experiment
如果硬件没有自动初始化，自动初始化可能会被关闭。当你不需
要访问硬件时，这在准备工作区和/或离线实验时很有用。要启用
自动硬件初始化，去数据库管理器并选择 Experiment
 Experiment without full HW access.
没有完全 HW 访问的实验。

INCA V7.2-教程 33
The contents of the Hardware Status dialog are continuously

refreshed. This makes it a useful monitoring tool in environments
where the connection to the hardware devices are subject to
change. Under such conditions you can evoke the Hardware
Status dialog and leave it open as long as appropriate.
硬件状态对话框的内容不断刷新。这使得它成为一个有用的监控工
具，在环境中的连接到硬件设备可能会发生变化。在这种情况下，
你可以调用硬件状态对话框，并保持打开状态。
2. Close the Hardware Status dialog and return to the Hardware
win-dow.
关闭硬件状态对话框并返回硬件窗口。
The hardware devices are automatically initialized. In the Hard-

ware Devices field, the icons change from red to green.
硬件设备自动初始化。在硬件设备字段中，图标从红色变为绿色。
3. Close the Hardware window to go back to the Database Manager.

关闭硬件窗口返回到数据库管理器。
INCA V7.2-教程 34
5.4 Questions
5.4 问题
1. A workspace contains only a hardware description for the
current experiment.
一个工作区只包含当前实验的硬件描述。
A. True
没错
B. False
错误
2. Which of the following items are part of the project description file:
下列哪些项目是项目说明文件的一部分:
A. Memory layout of the ECU.
ECU 的内存布局。
B. Most recent calibration dataset.
最近的校准数据集。
C. Master dataset.
Master 数据集。
D. Format of the characteristic, curves and maps.
特征、曲线和地图的格式。
E. Format of the variables returning sensor

val-ues.
返回传感器值的变量的格式。
3. Match the tasks below with the appropriate user interface
element used to perform them:
将下面的任务与用于执行它们的适当用户界面元素进行匹配:
Tasks:
任务:
A. Add a new device.
添加一个新设备。
B. Set the acquisition rate of an auxiliary
meas-urement device.
设置辅助测量装置的采集速率。
C. Initialize hardware.
初始化硬件。
D. Create a project folder.
创建一个项目文件夹。
E. Load a project description file.
加载项目说明文件。
User Interface elements:
用户界面元素:
A. Database Manager
数据库管理器
B. Hardware Configuration Editor
硬件配置编辑器
5.5 Summary
5.5 摘要
In this lesson you created the 0400 project, loaded its project description,
as well as a master dataset. You configured the hardware used to access
the project ECU, as well as the auxiliary VADI device.
在本课中，您创建了 0400 项目，加载了它的项目描述，以及一个主数据集。
你配置了用于访问项目 ECU 的硬件，以及辅助 VADI 设备。

INCA V7.2-教程 35
ETAS GmbH 6 Lesson: Setting Up an Experiment
第六课: 建立一个实验
6 Lesson: Setting Up an Experiment

6 课: 建立一个实验

6.1 Objectives
6.1 目标
In this lesson you learn how to add variables and windows to an
experiment and how to configure them.
在本课中，你将学习如何在实验中添加变量和窗口，以及如何配置它们。

Experiment
实验
An experiment is a predefined set of windows filled with those
variables and maps needed to perform a certain calibration or
measurement task. An experiment is stored in the database and
allows you to quickly set up INCA for a certain task by loading it.
实验是一组预定义的窗口，里面填满了执行某项校准或测量任务所需的
变量和地图。一个实验存储在数据库中，通过加载它，你可以快速地为
某个任务设置 INCA。
Variable
变量
variables and all types of calibration variables.
MeasurementVariables
测量变量
In general, a measure variable is a value passed by a sensor, and
can be used as a lookup value for calibration variables.
一般来说，测量变量是传感器传递的值，可以用作校准变量的查找
值。
Moreover, it is possible to measure derived or calculated characteristics,
or, with corresponding settings, also calibration variables.
此外，它可以测量派生或计算的特征，或者，与相应的设置，也校准变量。
6.3 Tasks
6.3 任务
6.3.1 Create and Assign an Experiment

6.3.1 创建并分配一个实验
It is possible to use the same experiment in different workspaces within the
database, independent of its location. It is recommended to create a separate
folder for experiments in order to keep the database clearly structured. Therefore
in this tutorial, the experiment is placed in a new experiment folder directly under
the top folder, not as a subfolder to the workspace folder.
可以在数据库的不同工作区中使用相同的实验，这与数据库的位置无关。建议为
实验创建一个单独的文件夹，以保持数据库结构清晰。因此，在本教程中，实验
被放置在一个新的实验文件夹直接下面的顶部文件夹，而不是作为一个子文件夹
的工作空间文件夹。
Note
注释
INCA 7.1 uses a new oscilloscope for experiments. The experiment

created in this tutorial already uses this oscilloscope automatically.
Experiments created in older INCA versions can be converted so that the
new oscilloscope can also (exclusively) be used in these. This tutorial
indicates when this is possible using appropriate notes.
Inca7.1 使用一种新的示波器进行实验。本教程中创建的实验已经自动使用
了这个示波器。在老版本的 INCA 中创建的实验可以被转换，这样新的示波
器也可以(专门)在这些中使用。本教程指出什么时候可以使用适当的笔记。

INCA V7.2-教程 36
To create and assign an experiment

创建并分配一个实验
1. Select the top folder, Tutorial.

选择顶部文件夹 Tutorial。

3. Rename the new folder Experiment.
重命名新文件夹。
4. Make sure the Experiment folder is selected.
确保 Experiment 文件夹被选中。
5. Select Edit  Add  Experiment.

选择编辑添加实验。
6. Rename the new experiment LambdaControl.
重命名新实验 LambdaControl。
7. Select the OneETK workspace in the navigator field.
在导航器字段中选择 OneETK 工作区。
8. Select Experiment  Change Experiment.

选择 Experiment Change Experiment。
9. The Select Experiment dialog appears. In the Database
Objects field, expand the Experiment folder.
在“数据库对象”字段中，展开“实验”文件夹。
10. In the Database Objects field, select the LambdaControl
exper-iment and confirm with OK.
在 Database Objects 字段中，选择 LambdaControl experiment 并
用 OK 确认。
If you now select the OneETK workspace in the navigator field

of the Database Manager, you see that the LambdaControl
exper-iment appears in the Experiment field at the top right of
the Data-base Manager.
如果现在在 Database Manager 的导航器字段中选择 OneETK
工作区，则会看到 LambdaControl 实验出现在 Data-base
Manager 右上角的 Experiment 字段中。
Note
注释
The experiment you have created is automatically assigned

the symbol for experiments using the new oscilloscope ( ).
Experiments that support the old oscilloscope are assigned
a modified symbol ( ) so that they can be differentiated.
您所创建的实验将自动为使用新示波器()的实验分配符号。支
持旧示波器的实验被分配一个修改过的符号() ，以便它们可
以被区分。

6.3.2 Run the Experiment

6.3.2 运行实验
Experiments run in the Experiment Environment. The Experiment Environment is
a self-contained user interface like the Database Manager, but is specialized for
doing experiments. If you launch the Experiment environment in a specific
working environment, the window for the experiment for that working envir-
onment is the default. In this way, you can start measurement or calibration
activities without having to set up an experiment.
实验在实验环境中进行。Experiment Environment 是一个独立的用户界面，类似
于数据库管理器，但是专门用于做实验。如果你在一个特定的工作环境中启动
Experiment 环境，该工作环境的实验窗口是默认的。通过这种方式，你可以开始
测量或校准活动，而不必设置一个实验。
Note
注释
If you are running an experiment from an older INCA version for the first time, a
dialog box will appear for automatically converting the experiment for the new
oscilloscope. Confirm this dialog box with Yes if you would like to exclusively edit
this experiment in INCA 7.1 in the future. Additional information on using
experiments in different INCA versions can be found in our online help.
如果您第一次从较旧的 INCA 版本运行实验，将出现一个对话框，用于自动转换新
示波器的实验。如果你将来想在 INCA 7.1 中专门编辑这个实验，用 Yes 确认这个
对话框。关于在不同 INCA 版本中使用实验的更多信息可以在我们的在线帮助中找
到。
To run the Experiment

运行实验
1. Select the OneETK workspace in the navigator field of the

Data-base Manager.
在 Data-base Manager 的 navigator 字段中选择 OneETK 工作区。
2. Select Experiment  Run experiment.
The Experiment window opens.
选择 Experiment Run Experiment。
Experiment 窗口打开。
The window is configured according to the presets for the exper-
iment assigned to the workspace that was selected when you ran
the experiment. The title bar of the window, Experiment: "Lambda
Control" Hardware: "OneETK", indicates this. Because the
该窗口是根据分配给工作空间的实验的预设置配置的，该工作空间
是在您运行实验时选择的。窗口的标题栏，Experiment: “ Lambda
Control”Hardware: “ OneETK”，表明了这一点。因为

INCA V7.2-教程 38
experiment is new and has not been set up yet, the window is
empty. In the remainder of this lesson you set up the Lambda
Con-trol experiment for the measurement task you perform in
the next lesson.
实验是新的，还没有建立，窗口是空的。在本课的剩余部分，你
将为下一课的测量任务设置 Lambda 控制实验。
6.3.3 Select the Variables Used in the Experiment

6.3.3 选择实验中使用的变量
The variables return values measured by the sensors connected to the project
ECU. Only a subset of the values measured by the ECU is needed for the
LambdaControl experiment. After selecting the variables of interest, they are
displayed in child windows to the Experiment window in a format of your choice.
变量返回值由连接到项目 ECU 的传感器测量。LambdaControl 实验只需要 ECU
测量值的一个子集。在选择感兴趣的变量之后，它们会以你选择的格式显示在子
窗口的 Experiment 窗口中。
In this lesson you limit yourself to selecting the variables needed for the
meas-urement task you perform in the next lesson. Calibration variables
(char-acteristics, curves, and maps) are selected the same way as
measurement variables. You will add calibration variables in the Lesson:
Calibration exercise dealing with calibration activities.
在本课中，您仅限于选择在下一课中执行测量任务所需的变量。校准变量
(字符特征、曲线和地图)的选择方式与测量变量相同。您将在处理校准活动
的 Lesson: Calibration 练习中添加校准变量。
To select the variables for the Lambda control experiment
为 Lambda 控制实验选择变量
1. In the experiment environment, select Variables  Variable

Selec-tion.
在实验环境中，选择变量变量选择。
The Variable Selection dialog opens.
变量选择对话框打开。
The Sources field at the left-hand side of the window lists all hardware
devices in the hardware configuration of the current workspace. When you
select a cer-tain device, the variables list on the right hand side lists all
characteristics, curves, and maps accessed through the device.
窗口左侧的 Sources 字段列出了当前工作区硬件配置中的所有硬件设备。当
你选择一个特定的设备时，右边的变量列表列出了通过该设备访问的所有特
征、曲线和地图。
Note
注释
Only the icons of variables actually used are described in the tutorial. The
com-plete description of the icons is located in the online help.
本教程只描述了实际使用的变量的图标。图标的完整描述位于在线帮助中。

INCA V7.2-教程 39
Each entry in the variables list is preceded by three icons providing some
inform-ation on the variable.
变量列表中的每个条目前面都有三个图标，提供关于变量的一些信息。
The first icon shows whether it is a measure or calibration variable:
第一个图标显示它是测量变量还是校准变量:
测量
Measurement
校准
Calibration
The second icon indicates the type of the variable, i.e. whether it is for instance a
第二个图标表示变量的类型，例如，它是否是一个
scalar, a curve or a map.
标量、曲线或地图。
Scalar
标量
布尔(逻辑)
Boolean (logical)
矢量
Vector
M atrix
Matrix
曲线
Curve
地图
Map
轴线
Axis
ASCII
ASCII
曲线轴
Curve axis
多维地图
Multi-dimensional map
The third icon indicates your access rights for the variable.
第三个图标表示你对变量的访问权限。
可读可写
Readable and writable
只可读
Readable only
In this lesson you use only measure variables, which have a red square as
their first icon.
在本课中，您只使用测量变量，它们的第一个图标是红色方块。
1. Expand the ETK Test Device:1 entry in the "Sources"
field of the "Variable Selection" dialog.
在“ Variable Selection”对话框的“ Sources”字段中展开 ETK Test
Device: 1 条目。
2. Expand the tree structure of the Functions
entry. A list of functions appears.
展开 Functions 条目的树结构，将出现一个函数列表。
3. Select LambdaRegelung from the list.

从列表中选择 LambdaRegelung。
The entries in the Variables field are now limited to those
measure and calibration variables associated with the Lambda
control func-tion.
Variables 字段中的条目现在仅限于与 Lambda 控制函数相关的
测量和校准变量。
4. Scroll through the list and select the variable B_FRMAX.
滚动列表，选择变量 b _ frmax。
The following symbol assigned to the variables indicates that
they will be added to the experiment.
分配给变量的下列符号表示它们将被添加到实验中。
5. Click OK to have it displayed in the default window.

单击 OK 将其显示在默认窗口中。

INCA V7.2-教程 40
The selected variable is now added to the Experiment window.

It is displayed as a line in Measure window [1].
选择的变量现在被添加到实验窗口中。它在 Measure 窗口[1]中
显示为一行。
You may have noticed that the list of variables contains many entries that are
not of interest to the measurement you are setting up. This makes the process
of searching for the appropriate variables tedious. In this lesson you are only
interested in measure variables and INCA provides a built-in filter allowing you
to limit the list of variables to show only measure variables. In the lesson
covering the calibration task you use another filter, limiting the list to only
calibration ele-ments such as characteristics and maps. Before selecting the rest
of the meas-urement variables, turn on the filter for measured values:
你可能已经注意到变量列表中包含了许多对你正在建立的测量不感兴趣的条目。
这使得搜索适当变量的过程变得乏味。在本课中，您只对度量变量感兴趣，INCA
提供了一个内置的过滤器，允许您限制变量列表，以便只显示度量变量。在有关
校准任务的课程中，你使用了另一个过滤器，将列表限制为只有特征和地图等校
准元素。在选择剩余的测量变量之前，打开测量值的过滤器:
To use filters for variable selection
使用过滤器进行变量选择
1. Select Variables  Variable Selection.

选择变量变量选择。
The Variable Selection dialog opens. Please note that
B_FRMAX is marked with a blue rectangle. This indicates that
the variable is already being used in the experiment.
变量选择对话框打开。请注意，b _ frmax 被标记为一个蓝色矩
形。这表示变量已经在实验中使用了。
2. The list of variables is limited to measures variables only.
Scroll down the list, and select the following variable:
变量列表仅限于度量变量。向下滚动列表，选择以下变量:
B_FRMIN
B _ frmin
You can speed up the search for a certain variable by
typing the first letters of its name.
你可以通过输入某个变量名的第一个字母来加快搜索速度。
3. Type the letters dt.
输入字母 dt。

INCA V7.2-教程 41
The letters are displayed in the toolbar in the edit box of the
alpha-betical filter. The datalist is automatically filtered
according to the entry so that only variables starting with DT
are displayed (the search is not case-sensitive).
字母显示在 alpha-betical 过滤器的编辑框的工具栏中。数据列
表会根据条目自动过滤，只显示以 DT 开头的变量(搜索不区分
大小写)。
4. Select the variable DTVKA.
选择变量 DTVKA。
5. Using the same method, select the following variables:
使用相同的方法，选择以下变量:
FRP
S
RTV
FRP
S
RTV
6. Remove your entries from the alphabetical filter.
从字母过滤器中删除你的条目。
7. In the toolbar, click on the following icon to check which
variables are added.
在工具栏中，点击下面的图标来检查添加了哪些变量。
8. Select all variables in the list.

选择列表中的所有变量。
9. Right-click on the lists of variables and select Add to 

Layer_1  Measure window [1] from the context menu.
右键单击变量列表，从上下文菜单中选择 Add to Layer _ 1
Measure 窗口[1]。
10. Click on OK.
点击 OK。
All variables are added as lines to Measure window [1].
所有变量都以行的形式添加到 Measure 窗口[1]。
Note
注释
When you use the alphabetical filter to search for variables, you can also
use wildcards (e.g. *,?). With these wildcards, you can search for
variables where you only know parts of their names.
当使用字母筛选器搜索变量时，还可以使用通配符(例如 * ，?).使用这些
通配符，你可以搜索只知道部分名称的变量。
INCA V7.2-教程 42
Rasters are used to determine the intervals in which measure values are
meas-ured. Which rasters are available is defined in the ECU's projection
description file. You can record only a certain number of measure variables
in one raster. The raster filling display indicates whether further variables
can be measured in the desired raster.
栅格是用来确定测量值的测量间隔。哪些光栅可用在 ECU 的投影描述文件
中定义。你只能在一个栅格中记录一定数量的测量变量。光栅填充显示表明
是否可以在期望的光栅中测量进一步的变量。
To assign a raster upon variable selection
在变量选择时分配光栅

选择变量变量选择。变量选择对话框打开。
2. In the Sources field, click on the entry ETK Test Device:1..

在 Sources 字段中，单击条目 ETK Test Device: 1。
3. Select the following variables from the variables list using the
fil-ters:
使用过滤器从变量列表中选择以下变量:
LR_P_Antei
l
LR_I_Antei
l
L_p_antel
l_i_antel
FR
译者注:
FLR_AP
美联社
4. Remove your entries from the alphabetical filter.
You can see in the variables list that Raster_A is being selected for
all of the four variables. In the information at the bottom on the right
you can see that the raster filling level for Raster_A is 3%.
你可以在变量列表中看到 Raster _ a 被选择用于所有的四个变量。
在右下方的信息中，你可以看到 Raster _ a 的光栅填充等级为 3% 。
You change the raster of a variable by moving the check

mark in the raster matrix in the column of the corresponding
raster (see also Fig. 4-6).
您可以通过移动相应栅格列中栅格矩阵中的复选标记来改变变
量的栅格(参见图 4-6)。
6. For the variables FR and FLR_AP, select Raster_B.
对于变量 FR 和 FLR _ ap，选择 Raster _ b。
7. For the variables LR_P_Anteil and LR_I_Anteil,
select Raster_C.
对于变量 lr_p_anteil 和 lr_i_anteil，选择 raster_c。

INCA V7.2-教程 43
8. Click OK.
点击确定。
The variables that you have selected in this session are
displayed in a new Measure window [2].
您在此会话中选择的变量将显示在一个新的 Measure 窗口[2]中。
Note
注释
If you do not assign the variable to a window upon selecting it, it is

displayed in a standard window. In "Lesson: Settings and user profiles" on
page 112, you learn how to define a standard window for a variable.
如果在选择某个窗口时未将该变量赋值给该窗口，则该变量将显示在标准窗
口中。在第 112 页的“课程: 设置和用户配置文件”中，你将学习如何为变量
定义一个标准窗口。
Up until now, all variables are presented in measure windows and in identical lay-
out: the variable name display, followed by the corresponding numeric value.
This display type is appropriate for some variables, but you may want to display
other variables in a different format, e.g. in an Oscilloscope or a Measure table.
到目前为止，所有的变量都以相同的布局呈现在度量窗口中: 变量名显示，后面跟
着相应的数值。这种显示类型适用于某些变量，但您可能希望以不同的格式显示其
他变量，例如在 Oscilloscope 或 Measure 表中。
Oscilloscopes, for example, present the chronological progression of
variables graphically, thus allowing for a varied view of analog and digital
variables in mul-tiple display ranges.
例如，示波器以图形方式显示变量的时间序列，从而允许在多个显示范围内
对模拟和数字变量进行不同的查看。
To define during the variable selection in which window a variable is displayed
在变量选择期间定义显示变量的窗口
2. In the Sources window, click on ETK-Testdevice:1.

在 Sources 窗口中，单击 ETK-Testdevice: 1。
3. From the variables list, select the following variables with the
help of the filter:
从变量列表中，在过滤器的帮助下选择以下变量:
B_LR
B_VL
TVLR
H
TVLR
USVK
B _
lr b
_ vl
TVLR
H
TVLR
USVK

INCA V7.2-教程 44
4. Delete your entries from the alphabetical filter.

6. Press and hold <CTRL> and highlight the following variables:

按住 < ctrl > 并突出显示以下变量:
B_VL
TVLR
TVLR
H
B _
vl
TVLR
TVLR
H
7. In the context menu, select Add to  Layer_1  New 
YT-Oscilloscope.
在上下文菜单中，选择 Add to Layer _ 1 New YT-Oscilloscope。
8. Hold <CTRL> pressed and select the following variables:
按住 < ctrl > 键并选择以下变量:
B_L
R
USV
K
B _
lr
USV
K
9. In the context menu, select Add to  Layer_1  Measure
Win-dow [1].
在上下文菜单中，选择 Add to Layer _ 1 Measure Win-dow [1]。
10. Click OK.
点击确定。
Note
注释
There are restrictions towards possible combinations of variable types for

win-dow types. A detailed description of all combinations and restrictions
goes bey-ond the scope of this tutorial. The online help of INCA describes
which combinations of variable types to window types are possible.
对于窗口类型的可变类型的可能组合有一些限制。对所有组合和限制的详细
描述超出了本教程的范围。INCA 的在线帮助描述了变量类型到窗口类型的
哪些组合是可能的。

INCA V7.2-教程 45
In the experiment, the variables are now distributed across Measure window [1],
Measure window [2] and the YT-Oscilloscope. The YT-Oscilloscope enables a
more detailed view of the variables than the measure window. It is divided into
an analog (top) and digital (bottom) area and can be controlled using its toolbar.
The variables contained therein are located in the signal list (right).
在实验中，变量现在分布在 Measure 窗口[1] ，Measure 窗口[2]和 YT-
Oscilloscope。YT-Oscilloscope 能够比测量窗口更详细地查看变量。它分为模拟
(上)和数字(下)区域，可以通过工具栏控制。其中包含的变量位于信号列表(右)。
As long as the experiment contains only a few elements, you can distribute
the variables via the context menu of the variables onto the respective
windows as outlined above. But this approach is generally very confusing for
extensive exper-iments. In this case, it is better to select the variables in the
list of variables and to arrange them in the Display Configuration.
只要实验只包含几个元素，您就可以通过变量的上下文菜单将变量分布到上
面概述的各个窗口中。但是这种方法对于大量的实验来说通常是非常混乱的。
在这种情况下，最好选择变量列表中的变量，并将它们排列在 Display
Configuration 中。
6.3.4 Configuring the Display of the Experiment

6.3.4 配置实验的显示
To arrange the experiment via the display configuration
通过显示配置来安排实验

2. In the Sources window, click on ETK-Testdevice:1.

在 Sources 窗口中，单击 ETK-Testdevice: 1。
3. Use the filters to select the following variables from the list of
vari-ables:
使用过滤器从变量列表中选择以下变量:
B_LR2
B _ lr2
TVLRH2
Tvlrrh2
TVLR2
TVLR2
4. Delete your entries from the alphabetical filter.
5. Click on the "Display Configuration" tab.
点击“显示配置”选项卡。
In the Display Configuration area, you can see that the selected
variables are ordered below the Measure window [3] entry.
在 Display Configuration 区域，你可以看到所选变量在 Measure
窗口[3]条目下面排序。
6. Click on the new measure window.

单击新的度量窗口。
In the tabular area you can see the properties of the Measure
win-dow and the variables it contains.
在表格区域你可以看到 Measure 窗口的属性和它包含的变量。

INCA V7.2-教程 46
In more complex experiments, the windows can be organized in

layers. Therefore, the Experiment folder has a subfolder in the
Display Configuration window with the name Layer_1.
在更复杂的实验中，窗口可以分层组织。因此，Experiment 文件
夹在 Display Configuration 窗口中有一个子文件夹，名为 Layer
_ 1。
7. Press and hold <CTRL> and highlight the following variables in
the tree view in the "Display Configuration" window:
按住 < ctrl > 并在“ Display Configuration”窗口的树视图中突出显
示以下变量:
TVLR2
TVLR2
TVLRH2
Tvlrrh2
8. Drag the variables TVLR2 and TVLRH2 from Measure window
[3] to the YT-Oscilloscope entry and deposit them there.
将变量 TVLR2 和 tvlrrh2 从 Measure 窗口[3]拖动到 YT-
Oscilloscope 条目，并将它们存放在那里。
The variables were moved into the YT-Oscilloscope.
变量被移动到 YT-Oscilloscope 中。
9. Click on the following icon in the toolbar to activate the filter
for Boolean variables:
单击工具栏中的以下图标来激活布尔变量的过滤器:
In the Display Configuration area, all windows containing a

Boolean variable are opened and all other variables are hidden.
在 Display Configuration 区域，所有包含 Boolean 变量的窗口被
打开，所有其他变量被隐藏。
10. In the context menu for variable B_LR2 in Measure window
[3] , select Cut.
在 Measure 窗口[3]中变量 b_lr2 的上下文菜单中，选择 Cut。
11. In the context menu for the Measure window [1], select
Paste. The variable is moved to the Measure window [1].
在 Measure 窗口[1]的上下文菜单中，选择 Paste。变量被移动到
Measure 窗口[1]。
12. In the context menu for the now empty Measure window
[3], select Delete.
在现在为空的 Measure 窗口[3]的上下文菜单中，选择 Delete。
Measure window [3] will be deleted.
Measure 窗口[3]将被删除。
13. Click on the following icon in the toolbar to deselect the set filter.
单击工具栏中的以下图标以取消选择设置筛选器。

14. In the context menu of Measure window [2], select Change

Wid-get To  Measure Table.
在 Measure 窗口[2]的上下文菜单中，选择 Change Wid-get To
Measure Table。
15. Measure window [2] is converted into a measure table-type
win-dow.
Measure 窗口[2]转换为 Measure 表类型窗口。
The conversion from a measure window-type window to a meas-
ure table-type window can be recognized by the symbol preceding
the window name changing from to . The term "Measure
从测量窗口类型窗口到测量表类型窗口的转换可以由窗口名称前面
的符号识别。术语“ Measure”
window" in the tree structure refers, however, to the name of
the window and is therefore not altered by INCA. That is why
you rename your window to a more suitable name.
然而，树结构中的“ window”指的是窗口的名称，因此不会被
INCA 修改。这就是为什么你要把你的窗口重命名为一个更合
适的名字。
16. Highlight Measure window [2] and select Rename in the
context menu. Then replace the current name with the new
name, Meas-ure table.
高亮 Measure 窗口[2] ，然后在上下文菜单中选择 Rename。然后
用新名称 Meas-ure 表替换当前名称。
17. Move the following variables from Measure window [1] to
Meas-ure table [2]:
将以下变量从 Measure 窗口[1]移动到 Meas-ure 表[2] :
DTVK
A
FRPS
RTV
USVK
DTVK
A
FRPS
RTV
USVK
18. Highlight Layer_1 and select Rename in the context menu. Then
突出显示 layer_1 并在上下文菜单中选择 Rename
replace the current name with the new name, Layer_Measure.
In the Display Configuration area you can see that the
experiment now contains the following elements:
将当前名称替换为新名称 Layer _ measure。在 Display
Configuration 区域，你可以看到这个实验现在包含以下元素:
层 _ 度量
Layer_Measure
测量窗口[1]
Measure window [1]
测量表[2]
Measure table [2]
Yt-示波器
YT-Oscilloscope
Note
注释
Elements that were selected in the variable selection, but have not
yet been added to the experiment, are identified by a gray bar.
在变量选择中被选中但尚未添加到实验中的元素用灰色条标识。
19. Click OK.

点击确定。
To change the display type of variables
改变变量的显示类型
1. In the Experiment Environment, select Variables  Display

Con-figuration.
在实验环境中，选择 Variables Display con-configuration。
The Variable Selection dialog opens on the Display
Configuration tab.
变量选择对话框打开显示配置选项卡。
2. In the Display Configuration area, click on Measure window [1].
在 Display Configuration 区域，单击 Measure 窗口[1]。

INCA V7.2-教程 48
3. For each of the variables representing bits (those with

names beginning with B_):
对于每个表示位的变量(名称以 b _ 开头的变量) :
i. In the Signals table, double-click on the cell of the cor-
responding variable in the Display Type column.
在 Signals 表中，双击 Display Type 列中相应变量的单元
格。
A list of possible display types for the assigned

window appears.
指定窗口的可能显示类型列表出现。
ii. Change the setting from Numeric Display to Bit
Dis-play.
将设置从数字显示更改为位显示。
4. Click OK to return to the experiment environment.
点击 OK 返回到实验环境。
Note that the display of the bit signals in Measure window [1]
has changed.
注意，Measure 窗口[1]中位信号的显示已经更改。
INCA V7.2-教程 49
All settings for each variable can be changed in this way.

每个变量的所有设置都可以通过这种方式改变。
To change the axis range for a variable in the YT-Oscilloscope
更改 yt-示波器中变量的轴线范围
1. Right-click in the oscilloscope window and select Properties
from the context menu.
在示波器窗口中右键单击并从上下文菜单中选择 Properties。
The "Variable Selection" window opens in the "Display Con-
figuration" tab. The tab displays the properties for the "YT-
Oscil-loscope" window.
“ Variable Selection”窗口在“ Display con-configuration”选项
卡中打开，该选项卡显示“ YT-Oscil-loscope”窗口的属性。
2. For variable TVLRH:

对于变量 TVLRH:
i. In the Signals table, find the Range column, and double-click
on the TVLRH variable cell.
在 Signals 表中，找到 Range 列，并双击 TVLRH 变量单元。
ii. Replace the left value (the minimum y-axis value) with -500.
用 -500 替换左边的值(最小 y 轴值)。
iii. Click on the right value (the maximum y-axis value) and
replace it with 500.
单击右边的值(最大 y 轴值)并将其替换为 500。
iv. Confirm the changes with <ENTER>.
用 < enter > 确认更改。
Observe the change to the y-axis for the TVLRH variable in the
YT-Oscilloscope.
观察 YT-Oscilloscope 中 TVLRH 变量 y 轴的变化。
Note
注释
You can also change the axis range using the scroll function
of your mouse. To do so, move your mouse pointer over the
desired axis, press and hold <CTRL> and move the scroll
wheel of the mouse up or down.
你也可以使用鼠标的滚动功能来改变轴的范围。为此，将鼠标
指针移到所需的轴上，按住 < ctrl > 并上下移动鼠标滚轮。
To change the color of a variable in the YT-Oscilloscope

更改 YT-Oscilloscope 中变量的颜色
1. Once again, right-click in the oscilloscope window and select
Prop-erties from the context menu.
再一次，在示波器窗口中右键单击并从上下文菜单中选择 Prop-
erties。
The "Variable selection" window will open on the "Display
con-figuration" tab.
“ Variable selection”窗口将在“ Display configuration”选项卡
上打开。
2. For the variables TVLR and TVLR2:
对于变量 TVLR 和 TVLR2:
i. In the "Signals" table, find the "Color" column and double-click
在“ Signals”表中，找到“ Color”列并双击
on the TVLR variable cell.
在 TVLR 可变单元格上。
A dialog window for color selection will appear.
将出现一个用于选择颜色的对话框窗口。
ii. Select a red color field and click OK.
选择一个红色字段，然后点击 OK。
iii. Using the same method, change the color of TVLR2 to a

yellow color.
使用同样的方法，将 TVLR2 的颜色更改为黄色。
Observe the simultaneous change to the y-axis for the TVLR and
观察 TVLR 和

INCA V7.2-教程 51
TVLR2 variables in the YT-Oscilloscope.

YT-Oscilloscope 中的 TVLR2 变量。
To distribute variables in a YT-Oscilloscope across additional strips

将 YT-Oscilloscope 中的变量分布在其他条带上
1. For the variables TVLR and TVLR2:

对于变量 TVLR 和 TVLR2:
i. Press and hold <CTRL> and highlight variables TVLR and
TVLR2 in the oscilloscope signal list.
按住 < ctrl > 并在示波器信号列表中突出显示变量 TVLR 和
TVLR2。
ii. Open the context menu in the oscilloscope window.
在示波器窗口中打开上下文菜单。
iii. Select New Strip for Selected Variables.
为所选变量选择 New Strip。
The variables are moved to a new strip in the analog
display area.
变量被移动到模拟显示区域的新条带上。
INCA V7.2-教程 52
To assign a shared axis to variables in the YT-Oscilloscope

为 YT-Oscilloscope 中的变量分配一个共享轴
Note
注释
The first variable axis in the signal list is used as the shared axis. If
necessary, observe the order of the variables before assigning them to a
shared axis. You can change the order by clicking on a variable and
dragging it to a new location within the list using your mouse.
信号列表中的第一个变量轴用作共享轴。如果有必要，观察变量的顺序，然
后将它们分配到一个共享轴。你可以通过点击一个变量来改变顺序，然后用
鼠标将它拖动到列表中的一个新位置。
1. For variables TVLRH and TVLRH2:

对于变量 TVLRH 和 TVLRH2:
i. Press and hold <CTRL> and highlight variables TVLRH
and TVLRH2 in the oscilloscope window signal list.
按住 < ctrl > 并在示波器窗口信号列表中突出显示变量
TVLRH 和 TVLRH2。
ii. Open the context menu in the oscilloscope window.
在示波器窗口中打开上下文菜单。
iii. Select Common Axis for Selected Variables.
选择所选变量的公共轴。
The variables are now displayed together on a shared axis.
变量现在一起显示在一个共享轴上。
2. In the experiment environment menu, select Experiment  Save.

在“实验环境”菜单中，选择“实验保存”。
The experiment is now saved and you can load it at any time by selecting
the OneETK workspace in the Database Manager and selecting
Experiment  Open. You can also load another experiment by selecting
Experiment  Open in the Experiment window.
实验现在已经被保存，你可以在任何时候通过选择数据库管理器中的
OneETK 工作区和选择 Experiment Open 来加载它。你也可以通过在
Experiment 窗口中选择 Experiment Open 来加载另一个实验。
INCA stores not only the variables, but also their formats and the exact size
and location of the windows in which they are displayed. Practice changing
the size of the Measure window [1] and moving it. Re-save the experiment
to apply the new layout.
INCA 不仅存储变量，而且还存储变量的格式以及显示变量的窗口的确切大
小和位置。练习改变 Measure 窗口的大小[1]并移动它。重新保存实验以应用
新布局。

INCA V7.2-教程 53
6.4 Questions
6.4 问题
1. All numerical variables must be displayed in the same window.
所有的数值变量必须显示在同一个窗口中。
A. True
没错
B. False
错误
2. You can display several variables in a single "YT-Oscilloscope"
win-dow.
您可以在一个“ YT-Oscilloscope”窗口中显示多个变量。
A. True
没错
B. False
错误
3. A workspace can have more than one experiment assigned to it.
一个工作区可以有多个实验分配给它。
A. True
没错
B. False
错误
6.5 Summary
6.5 摘要
You set up the LambdaControl experiment for the measurement task by select-ing
the variables to be measured, and changing their display formats. You also changed
the display range of a "YT-Oscilloscope" window. You changed the win-dow layout
and saved the experiment so you can load it later as a shortcut.
你通过选择要测量的变量并改变它们的显示格式来设置测量任务的 LambdaControl 实
验。你还改变了“ YT-Oscilloscope”窗口的显示范围。你改变了窗口布局并保存了实验，
这样你就可以在以后加载它作为一个快捷方式。
INCA V7.2-教程 54
ETAS GmbH 7 Lesson: Measuring
埃塔斯有限公司第 7 课: 测量
7 Lesson: Measuring
第七课: 测量
7.1 Objectives
7.1 目标
In this lesson you make measurements, and record the results. A Recorder
Man-ager is available, which helps you in managing individual recordings
and starting them according to current needs.
在本课中，你要做测量，并记录结果。有一个记录器，它可以帮助你管理个人
记录，并根据当前的需要启动它们。
In this lesson, you will use the Recorder Manager to create one recorder for
manual recordings, one for recordings with fixed duration and one for
automated recordings. For the automated recordings, you will also specify
triggers used for starting and stopping the recording process.
在本课中，您将使用 Recorder Manager 创建一个用于手动录音的记录器，一
个用于固定持续时间的录音，另一个用于自动录音。对于自动录音，你还需
要指定启动和停止录音过程的触发器。

Measurement task
测量任务
The state of the engine is assessed using sensors. A sensor measures
an engine parameter and makes the value available to the ECU as a
num-ber. The measurement task consists of sampling all sensor values
over a certain period of time. It is also possible to record the sampled
values in a file and save it to disk. The resulting record documents the
engine beha-vior for a certain set of calibration values.
使用传感器评估发动机的状态。传感器测量发动机参数，并将该值作为一
个数字提供给 ECU。测量任务包括在一定时间内对所有传感器值进行采样。
也可以将采样值记录在一个文件中并保存到磁盘上。由此产生的记录记录
了一组特定的校准值的引擎行为。
7.3 Tasks
7.3 任务
7.3.1 Load the Lambda Calibration Experiment

7.3.1 加载 Lambda 校准实验
The measurements applied in this lesson are used together with the experiment
本课所用的测量方法与实验一起使用
you created in the preceding lesson. You can quickly restore the configuration in
你可以快速恢复配置
the experiment environment by simply loading the experiment.
通过简单的加载实验环境。
To load the Lambda calibration experiment
加载 Lambda 校准实验
1. Select the OneETK workspace in the navigator field of the

Data-base Manager.
在 Data-base Manager 的 navigator 字段中选择 OneETK 工作区。
2. Select Experiment  Open.
选择 Experiment Open。
The Experiment window opens, and Measure window [1] and
other measure windows are restored with the variables and
layout you defined in the previous lesson.
“实验”窗口将打开，Measure 窗口[1]和其他度量窗口将使用您
在上一课中定义的变量和布局进行还原。
7.3.2 Start and Stop a Measurement without Recording

7.3.2 在没有记录的情况下启动和停止测量
When you tell INCA to start measuring the measure variables displayed in
the Experiment environment are updated. The value fields of the
numerically dis-played variables turn into changing numbers and the
Oscilloscope window come to life.
当您告诉 INCA 开始测量在 Experiment 环境中显示的测量变量时，测量变
量将被更新。数字显示的变量的值域会变成变化的数字，示波器窗口就会
显示出来。

INCA V7.2-教程 55
To start measuring
开始测量
1. Select Measurement  Start Visualization.

选择 Measurement Start Visualization。
When using this feature routinely, it is more convenient to use the
accelerator key code <F11> to start a measurement.
当常规使用此功能时，使用加速器键代码 < f11 > 开始测量会更加方便。
To stop measuring
停止测量
1. Select Measurement  Stop Measuring.

选择 Measurement Stop Measuring。
When using this feature routinely, it is more convenient to use the
accelerator key code <F9> to stop a measurement.
当常规使用此特性时，使用加速器键代码 < f9 > 来停止测量会更加方便。
7.3.3 Analyzing Measurements in the YT-Oscilloscope

7.3.3 在 YT-Oscilloscope 中分析测量结果
To analyze measurement data in a YT-Oscilloscope, you can stop their
display independently of experiment recording. When they are no longer
displayed, it is possible to move the time axis freely, to increase its display,
and to assign samples with a cursor.
要分析 YT-Oscilloscope 中的测量数据，可以独立于实验记录而停止显示。
当它们不再显示时，可以自由移动时间轴，增加其显示，并用光标分配样品。
Prior to recording, you can insert additional boundaries in order to visually
high-light bounds for measurements.
在记录之前，您可以插入额外的边界，以便在视觉上高光边界的测量。
To stop displaying in the YT-Oscilloscope
停止在 YT-Oscilloscope 中显示
1. Once again, start with a measurement. To do so, select
Meas-urement  Start visualization.
再一次，从测量开始。要做到这一点，选择 meas-uure Start 可
视化。
2. After a few seconds, find the oscilloscope window toolbar
and click on Play/Pause ( ).
几秒钟后，找到示波器窗口工具栏并单击 Play/Pause ()。
This will stop the display in the oscilloscope window.
这将停止示波器窗口中的显示。

INCA V7.2-教程 56
Note
注释
This does not stop the measurement. When reinstating the

dis-play in the oscilloscope, the display position automatically
jumps to the current point in time of the measurement.
这并没有停止测量。当恢复示波器中的显示器时，显示位置会
自动跳转到测量时的当前点。
To move the time axis

移动时间轴
1. Left-click on the time axis in the oscilloscope window and
press and hold the mouse button.
左键单击示波器窗口中的时间轴，然后按住鼠标按钮。
2. Move the mouse left or right.
向左或向右移动鼠标。
The display scrolls depending on the mouse motion.
显示滚动取决于鼠标的移动。
To increase the display size

为了增加显示器的大小
1. In the oscilloscope window toolbar, click on Zoom in ( ).

在示波器窗口工具栏中，单击 Zoom In ()。
The display will grow larger. The time axis scale will
decrease accordingly.
显示器会变大，时间轴的比例也会相应地减小。
2. Continue clicking Zoom in until you have reached the desired
继续点击放大，直到达到你想要的效果
INCA V7.2-教程 57
enlargement.
扩大。
To add a cursor
添加光标
1. In the oscilloscope window toolbar, click on Cursor ( )

Add cursor.
在示波器窗口工具栏中，单击 Cursor () Add Cursor。
A cursor will appear in the center of the time axis. In addition,
a column is added in the signal list which shows the signal
values where the cursor is.
光标将出现在时间轴的中心。另外，在信号列表中添加一列，
显示光标所在的信号值。
2. Double-click on the split bar left of the signal list to enlarge it
and make the additional column visible.
双击信号列表左侧的拆分条以放大它并使附加列可见。
3. Move the mouse over the cursor until it is highlighted.
将鼠标移动到光标上，直到它被高亮显示。
INCA V7.2-教程 58
4. Drag the cursor to the desired location on the time axis.

4. 将光标拖动到时间轴上所需的位置。
Note
注释
Observe the tool tips at the intersection of signals and

cursor when the latter is moved.
当光标移动时，观察信号和光标交叉处的工具提示。
To reinstate the display

恢复显示
1. In the oscilloscope window toolbar, click on Play/Pause ( ).
在示波器窗口工具栏中，单击 Play/Pause ()。
The display will be reinstated in the oscilloscope window. The time
axis will jump to the current point in time of the measurement.
显示将在示波器窗口中恢复。时间轴将跳转到测量时的当前点。
To add a border line

添加边界线
Note
注释
It is best to add a border line before starting the experiment recording.

Other-wise, recording will restart after it has been added.
最好在开始实验记录之前添加一条边界线。其他方面，记录将在添加后重
新启动。
1. Stop the measurement in progress. To do so, select Measurement

停止正在进行的测量。要做到这一点，选择 Measurement
 Stop  Measuring.
停止测量。
2. Right-click in the oscilloscope window and select Properties
from the context menu.
在示波器窗口中右键单击并从上下文菜单中选择 Properties。
The "Variable Selection" window will open with the "Display
Con-figuration" tab.
“ Variable Selection”窗口将打开“ Display con-configuration”
选项卡。
3. Right-click in the "Border Lines" table and select Add from the
con-text menu.
右键单击“ Border Lines”表格，然后从上下文菜单中选择 Add。
A border line will be added as a row in the table.
将在表中添加一条边框线作为一行。

INCA V7.2-教程 59
4. Double-click in the Value column field.

双击 Value 列字段。
A dialog box for entering boundary values will open.
将打开一个用于输入边界值的对话框。
5. In the Axis field, select the value A.

在 Axis 字段中，选择值 a。
6. Enter 400.
输入 400。
7. Click OK to return to the display configuration.
单击 OK 返回显示配置。
8. Click OK again to return to the experiment environment. Observe
the boundary in the TLVR and TLVR2 variable y-axis.
再次单击“确定”返回实验环境。观察 TLVR 和 TLVR 2 变量 y 轴的边
界。
7.3.4 Create a Recorder for Manual Recordings

7.3.4 为手动录音创建一个记录器
You are in the Experiment Environment. To create a recorder for manual
record-ings and start it subsequently, do the following:
您正在实验环境中。要创建一个用于手动记录的记录器并随后启动它，请执
行以下操作:
To create the recorder
创建记录器
1. Select Measurement  Open Recorder Manager (Ctrl+F11).

The "Manage Recorders" dialog box opens.
选择 Measurement Open Recorder Manager (Ctrl + F11)。打开
“ managerecorders”对话框。

INCA V7.2-教程 60
2. Select Create new recorder (Ctrl+N) from the context menu.

从上下文菜单选择 Create new recorder (Ctrl + n)。
A new recorder with the name Recorder is added to the
recorder list.
将名为 Recorder 的新记录器添加到记录器列表中。
3. Press F2 to rename the recorder to Recorder_Manual.
按 F2 将记录器重命名为 Recorder _ manual。
To add variables to the recorder
向记录器中添加变量
1. In the "Recorder_Manual" context menu, select the Add
variables (Ins) command.
在“ Recorder _ manual”上下文菜单中，选择 Add variables (Ins)命
令。
The "Variable Selection" dialog opens.
“变量选择”对话框打开。
2. In the toolbar, click on the following icon to filter the variables
that have already been selected.
在工具栏中，点击下面的图标来过滤已经被选中的变量。
The variable list shows all variables that are already part of
the experiment.
变量列表显示了已经成为实验一部分的所有变量。
3. Select the following variables from the list:
从列表中选择以下变量:
B _ frmi n
B_FRMIN
B _ frm ax
B_FRMAX
B _ lr
B_LR
美联社
FLR_AP
联邦储备局
FR
FRPS
FRPS
LR _ i _ ant el
LR_I_Anteil
LR _ p _ a ntel
LR_P_Anteil
RTV
RTV

INCA V7.2-教程 61
TVLR
TVLR
TVLRH
TVLRH
USVK
USVK
4. Click OK.
点击确定。
The variables are now listed in the variables list of the recorder.
变量现在列在记录器的变量列表中。
To specify the file in which the recording is stored

指定存储记录的文件
1. Click on Recorder_Manual and select Open Recorder

Con-figuration (Enter) from the context menu.
点击 Recorder _ manual 并从上下文菜单中选择 Open
Recorder Con-figuration (Enter)。
The Recorder Configuration dialog appears.
将出现“记录器配置”对话框。
INCA V7.2-教程 62
2. Select the "Output File" tab.

选择“ Output File”选项卡。
3. In the "Path" field, enter <INCA
base>\ETASData\INCA\Meas-ure.
在“ Path”字段中，输入“ INCA base”> ETASData INCA Meas-ure。
The "File" field automatically shows the name of the recorder.
“ File”字段自动显示记录器的名称。
4. If the fields Use date/time in file name and Auto increment file
name are not yet being displayed, click on to expand the
view and display hidden fields.
如果尚未显示文件名中的 Use date/time 字段和 Auto increment
文件名，请单击以展开视图并显示隐藏字段。
5. Replace the automatically assigned file name
Recorder_Manu-aldat with Tutorial.
用 Tutorial 替换自动指定的文件名 Recorder _ manu-aldat。
6. Verify that the Use date/time in file name box is enabled.
验证是否启用了“文件名中的使用日期/时间”框。
7. In the Format field, select the yyyy-mm-dd entry.

在 Format 字段中，选择 yyyy-mm-dd 条目。
For the next recording with this recorder, the current date is
auto-matically added to the file name of the new output file.
对于该记录器的下一个记录，当前日期将自动添加到新输出文
件的文件名中。
8. Verify that the Auto increment file name box is disabled.
验证“自动增量文件名”框是否被禁用。
9. Activate the Insert default comment check box.
激活“插入默认注释”复选框。
The default comment can be expanded with additional
comment fields or personal entries. All these data are saved
with the meas-urements in the file.
默认注释可以通过附加的注释字段或个人条目进行扩展。所有
这些数据都保存在文件中的 meas-urements 中。
10. Click on Edit.
点击编辑。
The Default Comment Editor dialog opens.
默认注释编辑器对话框打开。

INCA V7.2-教程 63
11. Hold <Ctrl> pressed and click on the following comment fields:
按住 < ctrl > 键，然后点击以下评论栏:
&[USER]
& [用户]
&[VEHICLE]
[车辆]
12. Click on the following button to move the selected comment
fields from the Available Comments column to the Used
Comments column.
单击下面的按钮，将选定的评论字段从“可用评论”栏移到“使用评论”
栏。
13. Click OK.

点击确定。
For the next recording of the output file, the comment fields
that have already been used in the default comment and the
comment fields &[USER] and &[VEHICLE] are being entered.
对于输出文件的下一次记录，将输入已在默认注释中使用的注
释字段以及注释字段 & [ USER ]和 & [ VEHICLE ]。
14. Fill in the fields User, Company, Project and Vehicle.
填写用户、公司、项目和车辆字段。
INCA V7.2-教程 64
#
15. Disable the check box Show Output File Properties dialog
after recording.
禁用复选框显示输出文件属性对话框。
To define the trigger conditions
定义触发条件
1. In the "Recorder Configuration", select the "Triggers" tab.
在“ Recorder Configuration”中，选择“ Triggers”选项卡。
2. Open the drop-down list in the Start Trigger field and select the
打开 starttrigger 字段中的下拉列表，并选择
entry MANUAL.
入口手册。
Recorder_Manual starts if F5 is pressed during the recording.
记录器 _ 手册启动，如果 F5 是在录制过程中按下。
3. Click OK to go back to the Manage Recorders dialog.

单击 OK 返回 Manage Recorders 对话框。
To define event markers for the default recorder
为默认记录器定义事件标记
Note
注释
Use the event markers to manually identify events in the "Default Recorder"
使用事件标记手动标识“默认记录器”中的事件
during a measurement.
在测量过程中。
1. Click on Default Recorder and select Open Recorder

Con-figuration (Enter) in the context menu.
单击 Default Recorder 并在上下文菜单中选择 Open Recorder
con-configuration (Enter)。
The "Recorder Configuration" dialog appears.
出现“ Recorder Configuration”对话框。
2. Select the "Recording" tab.
选择“录音”选项卡。
3. Enable the "Show Comment" check box.
启用“显示评论”复选框。
4. In the Comment field, enter Manual Event Markers.

在 Comment 字段中，输入 Manual Event marker。
5. Click OK to go back to the "Manage Recorders" dialog.
点击 OK 返回到“ Manage Recorders”对话框。

INCA V7.2-教程 65
7.3.5 Make a Recording Using a Fixed Recording Interval

7.3.5 使用固定录音间隔录音
When specifying the recording interval you must choose between two
different modes of recording. You can either use a fixed recording interval,
which is star-ted when you give the (manual) command to start recording, or
you can auto-mate the recording by specifying a so-called trigger, which is a
certain condition to become true after you give the (manual) command to
start recording. The two modes are mutually exclusive.
当指定录音间隔时，你必须在两种不同的录音模式之间做出选择。您可以使
用一个固定的记录间隔，当您给出(手动)命令开始记录时，这个间隔是星标式
的，或者您可以通过指定一个所谓的触发器来自动配对记录，这是在您给出
(手动)命令开始记录后变成真的一个特定条件。这两种模式是相互排斥的。
First, do a recording using a fixed time interval.Fig. 7-1 shows the recording
pro-cess when using a fixed time interval.
首先，使用固定的时间间隔进行录音。图 7-1 显示了使用固定时间间隔时的
记录过程。
Fig. 7-1: Recording process when using a fixed time interval.

图 7-1: 使用固定时间间隔时的记录过程。
To do a measurement using a fixed recording interval

使用固定的记录间隔进行测量
1. Create a new recorder (see "Create a Recorder for Manual
Record-ings" on page 60).
创建一个新的记录器(请参阅第 60 页的“创建手动记录的记录器”)。
2. Rename this recorder to Recorder_Period.
将这台录音机重命名为 recorder_period。
3. Add the same variables as in the previous example (see
"Create a Recorder for Manual Recordings" on page 60).
添加与前面示例中相同的变量(请参阅第 60 页上的
“ createarecorderformanualrecordings”)。
4. Select the "Output File" tab in the Recorder Configuration.
在 Recorder Configuration 中选择“ Output File”选项卡。
5. In the Path field, enter <INCA base>\ETASData\

在 Path 字段中，输入 < inca base > ETASData
[[[Undefined variable FM_import.Product_
MeasCalib_DirVersion]]]\Measure.
[[[[[未定义变量 FM _ import. Product _
MeasCalib _ dirversion ]]]度量。
6. Rename the output file to Tutorial2.
将输出文件重命名为 Tutorial2。
7. Deactivate the Use date/time in file name box.
在文件名框中取消使用日期/时间。
8. Deactivate the drop-down list Auto increment filename.
关闭下拉列表自动增量文件名。
9. In the "Recorder Configuration", select the "Triggers" tab.
在“ Recorder Configuration”中，选择“ Triggers”选项卡。
10. In the Recording Duration field, enter the value 30 seconds.
Click OK to go back to the Manage Recorders dialog.
在 Recording Duration 字段中，输入 30 秒。单击 OK 返回
Manage Recorders 对话框。

INCA V7.2-教程 66
7.3.6 Creating a Recorder for an Automated Measurement

7.3.6 为自动测量创建记录器
You can automate a measurement using triggers for starting and stopping
the measurement. A trigger is a mechanism that is automatically executed
after an event (such as starting the recording process). The trigger activates
the meas-urement when the outcome of a logical expression, the trigger
condition, changes from false to true. Since the logical expression is a
function of a meas-ure variable it is really the value of the measure variable
that causes the meas-urement to start.
你可以使用触发器启动和停止测量来自动化测量。触发器是一种在事件发生
后自动执行的机制(例如启动记录过程)。当一个逻辑表达式的结果(触发条件)
从 false 变为 true 时，触发器就会激活测量。由于逻辑表达式是测量变量的
函数，因此实际上是测量变量的值导致测量开始。
In the following example you specify the following trigger: start recording the
vari-ables measured in the current experiment setup as soon as the engine
speed exceeds 450 rpm.
在下面的示例中，您指定了以下触发器: 当引擎转速超过 450rpm 时，立即开
始记录当前实验设置中测量的变量。
To analyze the engine behavior before and after the transition marked by the trig-ger
event you need to record measurement values both before and after the trig-ger
event occurs. INCA enables you to do this by continuously storing the values it
measures in a buffer, even if you are not recording at the time. The time inter-val to
be recorded before the trigger event happens is called pretrigger time, the interval
that is recorded after the trigger event happens is called posttrigger time.
要在触发器事件标记的转换之前和之后分析引擎行为，需要在触发器事件发生之前和
之后记录测量值。INCA 允许你通过在缓冲区中持续存储它测量的值来完成这项工作，
即使你当时没有记录。触发事件发生前记录的时间间隔称为预触发时间，触发事件发
生后记录的时间间隔称为后触发时间。
The relation between the start trigger, pretrigger time, and posttrigger
time is illustrated in Fig. 7-2.
启动触发时间、预触发时间和后触发时间之间的关系如图 7-2 所示。
Fig. 7-2: Relation between start trigger and pretrigger and posttrigger times.
图 7-2: 启动触发器与预触发器和后触发器时间之间的关系。
Instead of specifying a posttrigger interval, you can also specify a trigger to stop
the measurement (e.g. engine speed to drop below 300 rpm). If both a posttrig-
ger time and a stop trigger are specified whichever occurs first prevails.
您也可以指定一个触发器来停止测量，而不是指定一个后触发间隔(例如引擎转速
降至 300rpm 以下)。如果同时指定了后触发时间和停止触发时间，以先发生的时
间为准。

INCA V7.2-教程 67
To make a recording using a start trigger and a fixed duration

使用启动触发器和固定持续时间进行录音
1. Create a new recorder (see "Create a Recorder for Manual
Record-ings" on page 60).
创建一个新的记录器(请参阅第 60 页的“创建手动记录的记录器”)。
2. Rename this recorder to Recorder_Trigger.
将这个记录器重命名为 Recorder _ trigger。
3. Add the same variables as in the previous example (see
"Create a Recorder for Manual Recordings" on page 60).
添加与前面示例中相同的变量(请参阅第 60 页上的
“ createarecorderformanualrecordings”)。
Note
注释
You can also select recorder variables, copy them to a

clipboard, and insert them in other recorders.
您还可以选择记录器变量，将它们复制到剪贴板，并将它们插
入其他记录器。
4. Select the "Output File" tab in the Recorder Configuration.

在 Recorder Configuration 中选择“ Output File”选项卡。
5. In the Path option, set <INCA base>\ETASData\

在 Path 选项中，设置 < inca base > ETASData
[[[Undefined variable FM_import.Product_
MeasCalib_DirVersion]]]\Measure.
[[[[[未定义变量 FM _ import. Product _
MeasCalib _ dirversion ]]]度量。
6. Rename the output file to Tutorial3.
将输出文件重命名为 Tutorial3。
7. Deactivate the Use date/time in file name box.
在文件名框中取消使用日期/时间。
8. Activate the Auto increment file name..
激活自动增量文件名。
To define the trigger conditions
定义触发条件
1. In Recorder Configuration, select the "Triggers" tab.
在 Recorder 配置中，选择“ Triggers”选项卡。
2. Click on the button right of the Start Trigger drop-down

list. The "Trigger Editor" appears.
点击开始触发器下拉列表右边的按钮。“触发器编辑器”出现。
The trigger editor is used for defining trigger conditions. All
existing trigger definitions are collected in a list and can be set
as start or stop triggers at a later time.
触发器编辑器用于定义触发器条件。所有现有的触发器定义都收
集在一个列表中，可以在以后设置为启动或停止触发器。

INCA V7.2-教程 68
3. In the Name field at the top of the dialog box, you can set a name for
the condition. This name can be used to define additional trig-
在对话框顶部的 Name 字段中，你可以为条件设置一个名称。这个名称
可以用来定义其他的 trig-
gers. Change the default name TriggerSignal to

将默认名称 TriggerSignal 更改为
TVLRover450..
TVLRover450.
4. To select variables for the formula, click the following icon in
the toolbar:
要为公式选择变量，请单击工具栏中的以下图标:
The "Variable Selection" Dialog opens.

打开“ Variable Selection”对话框。
5. In the Sources window, click on All Sources so that all

vari-ables are displayed in the list of variables.
在“源”窗口中，单击“所有源”，以便所有变量都显示在变量列表
中。
6. Then select the variable TVLR from the list and click on OK to
go back to the "Trigger Editor".
然后从列表中选择变量 TVLR，点击 OK 返回到“ Trigger Editor”。
The variable name and the name of the device were entered in
the Formula field.
在 Formula 字段中输入了变量名和设备名。
Now you want to enter an operator. The toolbox on the right
of the editor offers a large number of operators, grouped
according to their type.
现在你需要输入一个操作符。编辑器右边的工具箱提供了大量
的操作符，根据操作符的类型进行分组。
7. In the Toolbox, click the Relationship tab.
在工具箱中，单击“关系”选项卡。
A list with operators that can be used for defining
relations appears.
一个包含可用于定义关系的操作符的列表出现。
8. Double-click the > operator to add it to the formula.
双击 > 运算符将其添加到公式中。
9. Click into the edit box of the Formula and type the value 450.
点击公式的编辑框，输入值 450。
10. Click on Accept.
单击 Accept。
The trigger condition is entered in the Defined Triggers field.
触发条件在 Defined Triggers 字段中输入。
INCA V7.2-教程 69
All trigger conditions you have defined using different names are
lis-ted in the Defined Triggers field. After collecting several con-
ditions in this field, you can later on quickly activate a certain
condition as start trigger or end trigger by selecting it in the
Recorder Configuration on the "Triggers" tab. The selected con-
dition will then be used as the current condition for recording.
使用不同名称定义的所有触发器条件都在 Defined Triggers 字段
中列出。在这个字段中收集了几个条件之后，您稍后可以通过在
“ Triggers”选项卡上的 Recorder Configuration 中选择某个条件，
将其快速激活为启动触发器或结束触发器。选中的条件将被用作
当前记录条件。
11. Click OK to go back to the Recorder Configuration.
单击 OK 返回到 Recorder 配置。
12. In the Start trigger drop-down list, select the TVLRover450

trig-ger condition.
在 Start 触发器下拉列表中，选择 TVLRover450 触发器条件。
13. In the Pre-Start Trigger Time (Sec) field, enter a value of
2 seconds.
在 Pre-Start Trigger Time (Sec)字段中，输入一个值 2 秒。
14. In the Recording Duration (Sec) field, enter a value of 5 seconds.
在 recordingduration (Sec)字段中，输入 5 秒的值。
15. Click OK to go back to the Manage Recorders dialog.

点击 OK 返回 Manage Recorders 对话框。
7.3.7 Perform Recordings

7.3.7 录音
Depending on which recorders are enabled and which ones are disabled, you
can control which recording will be performed. Some functions such as opening
the Measure Data Analysis (MDA) after a recording is only available for the
default recorder. The default recorder can be renamed, but it cannot be deleted.
根据启用哪些录音机和禁用哪些录音机，你可以控制哪些录音将被执行。一些功
能，比如在录音之后打开 Measure Data Analysis (MDA) ，只对默认录音机可用。
默认记录器可以被重命名，但不能被删除。
To enable recorders
启用记录器
1. Start in the "Manage Recordes" dialog and select
Recorder_ Manual.
从“ Manage records”对话框开始，选择 Recorder _ Manual。
2. Select Enable Recorder (Space) from the context menu. In
the Enabled column, the symbol changes from to .
从上下文菜单中选择 Enable Recorder (Space)。在 Enabled
列中，符号从。
3. Select Recorder_Period.
选择 Recorder _ period。
5. Select Recorder_Trigger.
选择 Recorder _ trigger。
To start recording for all enabled recorders

开始记录所有启用的记录器
You have two options for starting the measurement. Using the first method, you
can start all enabled recorders, including the default recorder; using the other
method, you can start all enabled recorders, excluding the default recorder.
您有两个开始测量的选项。使用第一种方法，可以启动所有启用的记录器，包括
默认记录器; 使用另一种方法，可以启动所有启用的记录器，但不包括默认记录
器。

You are in the Experiment Environment.

你在实验环境中。
1. Select Measurement  Start recording (F12).

This initiates the following events:
选择 Measurement Start recording (F12)。这将
启动以下事件:
默认记录器立即开始记录。
*DefaultRecorder starts recording immediately.
等待手动触发器。
Recorder_Manual waits for the manual trigger.
Recorder_Period starts recording immediately. After 30
seconds, the recording of Recorder_Period stops. The
recorded values are saved in the output file Tutorial2.dat.
If a file Tutorial2.dat already exists, it will be overwritten.
Recorder _ period 立即开始录制。30 秒后，录音机 _
period 的录音停止。记录的值保存在输出文件
Tutorial2.dat 中。如果 Tutorial2.dat 文件已经存在，
它将被覆盖。
Recorder_Trigger waits for the trigger condition to be
ful-filled. As soon as the value of the variable TVLR
exceeds 450, the recording will be started.
Recorder _ trigger 等待触发器条件被满足。一旦变
量 TVLR 的值超过 450，录制就会开始。
2. Press the key F5 to start recording with Recorder_Manual.

按 F5 键开始录制。
To set an event marker in the default recorder
在默认记录器中设置事件标记
1. Press and hold <Ctrl> + <K> to add an event marker to the
按下并保持 < ctrl > + < k > 将事件标记添加到
default recorder.
默认录音机。
The "Insert User Comment" dialog box appears.
出现“插入用户注释”对话框。
2. Click on OK if you want to use the defined comment, or
enter a new comment.
如果要使用已定义的注释，请单击“确定”，或输入新的注释。
The marker is inserted at the location in the recording file at
which you called the function and can be displayed for the
measuring data analysis.
标记被插入到你调用函数的记录文件的位置，并且可以显示给
测量数据分析。
To stop the started recordings
停止开始的录音
The recording with Recorder_Period has already been automatically
stopped after 30 seconds. The recordings of Recorder_Period have
been saved in the file Tutorial2.dat.
使用 Recorder _ period 的录音已经在 30 秒后自动停止。Recorder _
period 的录音已经保存在 Tutorial2.dat 文件中。

INCA V7.2-教程 71
1. Select Measurement  Stop Measuring (F9).

This initiates the following events:
选择 Measurement Stop Measuring (F9)。这将
启动以下事件:
The recording of Recorder_Manual is finished. The

recor-ded values are saved in the output file
Tutorialyyyy-mm-dd.dat (whereby yyyy-mm-dd
corresponds to the current date). If a file with this name
already exists, it will be over-written.
记录器 _ 手册的记录完成。记录的值保存在输出文件 tuto rialyyy -m m-d d 中。Da t (其中 yyyy- mm -dd 对应于当前日期)。如果这个名字的文件已经存在，它将被覆盖。
The recording of Recorder_Trigger is finished. The recor-

ded values are saved in the output file Tutorial301.dat
(this is the name Tutorial3 with an appended two-digit
number).
录音机触发器的录制完成了。记录的值保存在输出文件 Tut orial3 01.d at (名称 Tuto rial3，后面有两个数字)。
If a file with the name Tutorial301.dat already exists,

the new file will be named Tutorial302.dat.
如果名为 Tutorial301.dat 的文件已经存在，新文件将被命
名为 Tutorial302.dat。
The recording of *Default Recorder is being finished.
The "Output File Properties" dialog box opens.
正在完成 * Defa ult Rec ord er 的录制。“输出文件属性 ”对话框打开。
2. Replace the automatically assigned file name in he File field with

将 File 字段中自动指定的文件名替换为
Tutorial_default01.dat.
Tutorial _ default01.dat.
3. You can amend the default comment with your own information
as well as personal information for the project. All these data
are saved with the measurements in the file.
你可以用你自己的信息以及项目的个人信息来修改默认评论。所有
这些数据都保存在文件中的测量值中。
4. Click Save.
点击保存。
To start recordings for all enabled recorders apart from the default recorder
启动除默认录音机之外的所有启用录音机的录音
1. In the Experiment Environment, select Measurement 

Start Visualization <F11>.
在实验环境中，选择 Measurement Start Visualization < f11 > 。
The individual recorders react as described in the previous section.
单个记录器的反应如前一节所述。
2. Press the <F5> key to start recording with Recorder_Manual.

按 < f5 > 键开始记录与记录器 _ 手册。
To stop the recordings
停止录制
The recording with Recorder_Period has already been

automatically stopped after 30 seconds.
使用 Recorder _ period 的录音已经在 30 秒后自动停止。
1. Select Measurement  Stop Measuring
<F9>. This initiates the following events:
选择 Measurement Stop Measuring < f9 > ，启动
以下事件:
The recording of Recorder_Manual is finished. The
recor-ded values are saved in the output file
Record er _ m anu al 的记录已经完成，记录的值保存在输出文件中
Tutorialyyyy-mm-dd.dat (whereby yyyy-mm-dd

cor-responds to the current date). If a file with this name
already exists, it will be overwritten.
Tutorialyyyy-mm-dd. dat (其中 yyyy-mm-dd
cor-响应当前日期)。如果具有此名称的文件已经存在，
它将被覆盖。

INCA V7.2-教程 73
The recording of Recorder_Trigger is finished. The recor-

ded values are saved in the output file Tutorial302.dat. If a
file with the name Tutorial302.dat already exists, the new
file will be named Tutorial303.dat.
录音机触发器的录制完成了。记录的值保存在输出文件
Tutorial302.dat 中。如果名为 Tutorial302.dat 的文件已经存在，
新文件将被命名为 Tutorial303.dat。
7.4 Questions
7.4 问题
1. How many conditions can you define for a start trigger?
你可以为启动触发器定义多少个条件？
A. 1
B. 2
C. Many
许多
2. How many conditions can be made to apply simultaneously
for a start trigger?
有多少条件可以同时适用于启动触发器？
A. 1
B. 2
C. Many
许多
3. If a stop trigger has been defined, the posttrigger time is ignored.
如果定义了停止触发器，则忽略后触发时间。
A. True
没错
B. False
错误
4. If a start trigger is activated, the recording duration
setting is ignored.
如果启动触发器被激活，则忽略记录持续时间设置。
A. True
没错
B. False
错误
5. Which command starts recording with the default recorder?
哪个命令使用默认记录器开始记录？
A. Start visualization
开始视觉化
B. Start recording
开始记录
7.5 Summary
7.5 摘要
In this lesson you measured the variables defined for the Lambda
Control experiment. You made a manual recording, a recording with fixed
duration and a triggered recording and saved all results into a file.
在本课中，您测量了 Lambda Control 实验中定义的变量。你做了一个手动记
录，一个固定持续时间的记录和一个触发记录，并将所有结果保存到一个文
件中。

INCA V7.2-教程 75
ETAS GmbH 8 Lesson: Calibration
ETAS GmbH 8 课程: 校准
8 Lesson: Calibration
第八课: 校正
8.1 Objectives
8.1 目标
In this lesson you display and calibrate the calibration elements associated
with the Lambda control experiment. You learn to use and manipulate
calibration datasets. For calibration you use tabular as well as graphical
calibration editors, and change single values as well as ranges of values.
在本课中，您将显示和校准与 Lambda 控制实验相关的校准元件。学习使用
和操作校准数据集。对于校准，你可以使用表格以及图形化的校准编辑器，
并且改变单个值以及值的范围。
For modifying several calibration variables and activating them at once, you
will learn how to work with calibration scenarios.
为了修改几个校准变量并同时激活它们，您将学习如何使用校准场景。

Calibration task
校正任务
It is the task of the ECU (Electronic Control Unit) to control the engine so
it exhibits a desired behavior. The ECU uses a feedback process to do
this: it measures the state of the engine using sensors, and then changes
the state of the engine towards the desired behavior using actuators. The
new state is measured and adjusted again and again, until an equilibrium
is reached. Calibration is the process of adjusting the feedback para-
meters in such a way that the car exhibits the desired behavior when the
equilibrium state is reached. Because the state of the car changes as it is
driven, there are many of these equilibrium states, usually called process
points. A car is non-linear system, and the control algorithm cannot rely
on mathematics to determine the feedback values. Instead it looks up the
required actuator settings in a set of tables, using the sensor values as
lookup criterion. The calibration task consists of setting the values in the
tables. The same ECU can have different valid sets of calibration val-ues
implementing a different behavior, one set for a fast car, for example, and
another set for an economical car.
这是 ECU (电子控制单元)的任务，以控制发动机，使其显示所需的行为。
ECU 使用一个反馈过程来做到这一点: 它使用传感器来测量发动机的状态，
然后使用执行器来改变发动机的状态以达到预期的行为。新的状态被一次
又一次的测量和调整，直到达到一个平衡。校准是一个调整反馈参数的过
程，当达到平衡状态时，汽车表现出期望的行为。因为汽车的状态随着驾
驶而改变，所以有许多这样的平衡状态，通常称为过程点。汽车是非线性
系统，控制算法不能依靠数学来确定反馈值。相反，它使用传感器值作为
查找标准，在一组表格中查找所需的执行器设置。校准任务包括设置表格
中的值。相同的 ECU 可以具有不同的有效校准值集合，实现不同的行为，
例如，一组用于快速汽车，另一组用于经济型汽车。
Variables, measure variables, calibration variables (characteristics, curves,

and maps
变量，测量变量，校准变量(特征，曲线和地图)
vari-ables and all types of calibration variables.
In general, a measure variable is a value passed by a sensor, and can
be used as a lookup value for calibration variables. Moreover, it is
possible to measure derived or calculated characteristics, or, with
corresponding set-tings, also calibration variables.
一般来说，测量变量是传感器传递的值，可以用作校准变量的查找值。
此外，它可以测量派生或计算的特征，或者，与相应的设置，也校准变
量。
There are three types of calibration variables:
有三种类型的校准变量:
A. Characteristics are fixed values used as constants by the ECU
program after they are adjusted during the calibration process.
特性是在校准过程中调整 ECU 程序作为常量使用的固定值。

INCA V7.2-Tutorial 76
B. The ECU uses look-up tables to determine the required value of an actu-
ator setting as a function of measure variables (see Calibration Task). If one
variable is used to look up one output value, the table is called a curve,
because it can be represented graphically as an xy-curve.
ECU 使用查找表来确定作为测量变量函数的执行器设置所需的值(参见
Calibration Task)。如果使用一个变量查找一个输出值，则该表称为曲线，因
为它可以用 xy 曲线图形化地表示。
C. A look-up table using two or more measure variables to find one

output value is called a map, because of the analogy to an elevation
map; think of the input variables as the coordinates, and the output
value as the elev-ation of a certain location on the map.
使用两个或多个测量变量来查找一个输出值的查找表称为 map，因为它类
似于高程地图; 可以将输入变量视为坐标，将输出值视为地图上某个位
置的高程。
Maps that derive the output value from three or more input values
are called multi-dimensional maps.
从三个或更多的输入值得到输出值的 map 被称为多维映射。
Process point
过程点
For any curve or map, the process point is the current lookup value
passed to the ECU. The process point changes with the value of the
measure variable used as lookup criterion into the curve or map. The
pro-cess point can be visualized on the map; in a tabular calibration
editor the cell holding the current lookup value is 'selected'. As the
process point changes, the selection moves across the cells of the table.
对于任何曲线或地图，进程点是传递给 ECU 的当前查找值。进程点随着
用作曲线或映射查找标准的测量变量的值而变化。工艺点可以在地图上可
视化; 在表格校准编辑器中，保存当前查找值的单元格被“选中”。随着工艺
点的变化，选择在表格的单元格之间移动。
Dataset
数据集
The values making up the characteristics, curves and maps are stored in
permanent memory in the ECU, and accessed by the ECU processor. A
set of calibration values stored in the database is called a dataset. Data-
sets are versioned; a certain version corresponds to a certain calibrated
behavior. Datasets are stored in *.hex or *.s19 files and referenced in the
database. These files are binary images of the ECU memory, and beside
the calibration data they also contain the ECU program itself.
构成特征、曲线和地图的值存储在 ECU 的永久存储器中，由 ECU 处理器
访问。存储在数据库中的一组校准值称为数据集。数据集被版本化; 一个
特定的版本对应于一个特定的校准行为。数据集存储在 * 。六角形或 * 。
在数据库中引用的 s19 文件。这些文件是 ECU 内存的二进制图像，除了
校准数据之外，它们还包含了 ECU 程序本身。
Calibration Scenario
校正方案
Using the Calibration Scenario Editor, you can configure several cal-
ibration scenarios within the Experiment Environment. Each scenario con-
tains a set of calibration variables. These can be calibrated individually
from each other. Afterwards you can easily activate complete scenarios
on the ECU, i.e. when switching to that scenario, a complete set of cal-
ibration variables gets modified on the ECU at once. This feature allows
you to compare the behavior of variables that belong together, thereby
optimizing data in an efficient way. Such a set of calibration scenarios
including the corresponding settings is called a calibration scenario con-
figuration. In addition to that, it is also possible to save individual cal-
ibration scenarios in external files (e.g. CVX) for data exchange.
使用校准场景编辑器，您可以在实验环境中配置几个校准场景。每个场景
包含一组校准变量。这些可以单独进行校准。之后，您可以很容易地在
ECU 上激活完整的场景，即当切换到该场景时，一个完整的校准变量集合
立即在 ECU 上得到修改。这个功能允许你比较属于一起的变量的行为，从
而以一种有效的方式优化数据。这样一组包含相应设置的校准场景被称为
校准场景配置。除此之外，还可以将单个校准场景保存在外部文件(例如
CVX)中用于数据交换。
8.3 Tasks
8.3 任务
8.3.1 Add Calibration Variables to the Experiment

8.3.1 在实验中添加校准变量
To change calibration variables, they must be added to the experiment. The cal-
为了改变校准变量，必须将它们添加到实验中
ibration variables are added in the same way as described for measurements in
校准变量的添加方式与测量中描述的相同
Lesson: Setting Up an Experiment. The calibration variables are displayed in the
设置一个实验。校准变量显示在

INCA V7.2-教程 77
Experiment Environment in separate calibration windows, which are also

called editors.
实验环境在单独的校准窗口，这也被称为编辑器。
In Lesson: Setting Up a Workspace you loaded a master dataset to initialize
the project with calibration data. This means that when viewing calibration
elements they have appropriate values.
在课程中: 设置一个工作区，您加载了一个主数据集来使用校准数据初始化项
目。这意味着当查看校准元素时，它们有适当的值。
Adding calibration variables to the experiment is done in the same
manner as adding measure variables. Some helpful hints:
在实验中添加校准变量的方法和添加测量变量的方法是一样的。一些有用
的提示:
 In the "Variable Selection" dialog, the first symbol before the names of
the calibration variables always is a blue circle. 
在“变量选择”对话框中，校准变量名称前的第一个符号总是一个蓝色圆圈。
 There is a filter you can use to select calibration elements in the variables
list of the "Variable Selection "dialog. Apply the filter by clicking the icon
for calibration variables in the toolbar of the "Variable Selection" dialog.
在“ Variable Selection”对话框的变量列表中，你可以使用一个过滤器来选择
校准元素。通过点击“ Variable Selection”对话框工具栏中校准变量的图标
应用过滤器。

 When selecting calibration variables in the "Variable Selection" dialog
you can mix characteristics, curves, and maps freely. 
在“变量选择”对话框中选择校准变量时，您可以自由地混合特征、曲线和
映射。
Using the skills you acquired in Lesson: Setting up an experiment to add

the fol-lowing characteristic values. Use the filters from the toolbar and the
alphabetic filter.
使用你在课程中学到的技能: 设置一个实验来添加以下特征值。使用工具栏
中的过滤器和字母过滤器。
1. Add the following scalar arith. elements:
添加以下标量 arith. elements:
FRMA
X
FRMI
N
FRMA
X
FRMI
N
2. Add the following curve:
加上下面的曲线:
TSPERN
TSPERN
3. Add the following maps:
添加以下地图:
KFR
KFR
KFR
KFR

INCA V7.2-教程 78
KFRTV
KFRTV
Note that the following editors have been added to the experiment:
请注意，以下编辑器已被添加到实验中:
Both characteristics are presented in the Calibration window [1]. The curve is
displayed in graphical and tabular form in the Combined Editor [2]. The maps
are presented in graphic and tabular form in the Combined Editor [3] . By
setting a different variable using the combo box at the top, you can switch
maps in the Combined Editor [3].
这两个特性都在校准窗口[1]中显示。曲线在组合编辑器[2]中以图形和表格形
式显示。地图以图形和表格形式显示在组合编辑器中[3]。通过使用顶部的组
合框设置不同的变量，你可以在组合编辑器中切换地图[3]。
As you may have noticed by now, the experiment is very confusing. In the
next lesson, you will learn how to divide the display of the experiment into
layers by using the display configuration in the Variable Selection dialog.
正如你现在可能已经注意到的，这个实验非常令人困惑。在下一课中，你
将学习如何使用 Variable Selection 对话框中的显示配置将实验的显示划分
成层。
To divide the experiment into layers
把实验分层进行
1. Select VariablesDisplay Configuration.

选择变量显示配置。
The "Variable Selection" dialog opens on the "Display
Con-figuration" tab.
“ Variable Selection”对话框在“ Display con-
configuration”选项卡上打开。
2. In the toolbar, click on the following icon to add a new layer:
在工具栏中，点击下面的图标添加一个新的图层:
3. Rename the new layer to Layer_Calibration.

将新图层重命名为图层 _ 校准。
4. Click on Calibration window [1], press and hold the <SHIFT>
key and highlight all windows down to Combined Editor [3].
点击 Calibration 窗口[1] ，按住 shift 键并高亮所有窗口到
Combined Editor [3]。
5. Select Cut from the context menu.
从上下文菜单中选择 Cut。
6. Click on Layer_Calibration and select Paste in the

context menu.
点击 Layer _ calibration 并在上下文菜单中选择 Paste。

INCA V7.2-教程 79
7. Click OK to adopt the settings and to return to the experiment

envir-onment.
单击“确定”以采用设置并返回到实验环境。
In the bottom area of the experiment, the layers Layer_Measure
and Layer_Calibration can be selected via tabs.
在实验的底部区域，可以通过选项卡选择图层 _ measure 和图层 _
calibration。
8. Click on the Layer_Calibration tab.
单击 layer_calibration 选项卡。
9. Move and scale the editors so that all can be viewed very well.
移动并缩放编辑器，这样所有的内容都可以被很好的查看。
INCA V7.2-教程 80
8.3.2 Switch Between the Reference and Working Datasets

8.3.2 在参考数据集和工作数据集之间切换
As you have seen in Lesson: Calibration, INCA keeps several copies of the
cal-ibration data with the project: a reference and a working dataset, shown in
the project information as Reference Page RP and Working Page WP.
正如您在课程: 校准中所看到的，INCA 将校准数据的几个副本与项目一起保存:
一个参考数据和一个工作数据集，在项目信息中显示为参考页 RP 和工作页 WP。
The reference page is read-only. You use it to compare the behavior of the engine.
Also, you may want to return to the reference dataset in case your cal-ibrations do
not work out as expected, and you want to reset the calibration.
参考页是只读的。你可以用它来比较引擎的行为。此外，您可能希望返回到参考数
据集，以防校准没有按预期进行，并希望重置校准。
The working page can be modified. This is the dataset you use to do
cal-ibrations.
工作页面可以被修改。这是你用来进行校准的数据集。
INCA allows you switch easily between the reference and working pages.
You can see whether you are using the reference or working page by
watching the background of the calibration editor windows: if they are gray
the reference page is active, if they are white the working page is active.
INCA 允许您在参考页和工作页之间轻松切换。通过观察校准编辑器窗口的背
景，可以看到您是在使用参考页还是工作页: 如果它们是灰色的，那么参考页
是活动的，如果它们是白色的，那么工作页是活动的。
To switch between reference and working page
在参考页和工作页之间切换
1. Directly below the menu bar of the "Experiment" window you
see a toolbar. Near the center of the toolbar are two radio
buttons, one labeled WP and one labeled RP. The names of the
corresponding datasets are displayed right to the radio buttons;
in this tutorial they are 0400_1 for the working dataset and 0400
for the reference data-set.
在“实验”窗口的菜单栏正下方，您可以看到一个工具栏。在工具栏的
中央有两个单选按钮，一个标记为 WP，一个标记为 RP。相应
数据集的名称直接显示在单选按钮上; 在本教程中，它们对于工
作数据集是 0400_1，对于引用数据集是 0400。
2. Click the radio button labeled WP to switch to the working page.
点击标签为 WP 的单选按钮切换到工作页面。
3. Select Experiment  Save.
3. 选择实验保存。

INCA V7.2-教程 81
8.3.3 Download the Current Version of the Calibration Data

to the ECU
8.3.3 下载校准数据的当前版本到 ECU
If a connection to the ECU is made, it is possible to access the calibration data in
its memory. Note that in a real setting the hardware typically contains a ver-sion
of the calibration data which is different from the data you loaded for the pro-ject.
To ensure that you are calibrating using the appropriate version of the calibration
data you must transfer the calibration data to the ECU.
如果连接到 ECU，就有可能访问其存储器中的校准数据。请注意，在实际设置中，
硬件通常包含校准数据的一个版本，该版本与您为项目加载的数据不同。为了确保
使用适当版本的校准数据进行校准，必须将校准数据传输到 ECU。
To download the current version of the calibration data to the ECU
将校准数据的当前版本下载到 ECU
1. Select Hardware  Hardware status.

选择硬件硬件状态。
Verify the hardware status to ensure that there is an active con-
nection to the ECU. Then close the hardware status view.
验证硬件状态以确保与 ECU 有活动连接。然后关闭硬件状态视
图。
2. Select Hardware  Manage memory pages.

选择硬件管理内存页。
3. The "Memory Page Manager" appears. Select the "Standard" tab.
出现“内存页面管理器”。选择“标准”选项卡。
The "Memory Page Manager" allows you to do several actions

on the calibration data. All actions involve moving calibration
data from one place to another. The set of radio buttons in the
top-left corner allows you to select the action which is to
perform. The boxes to the right of them list the possible source
and destination locations of the calibration data. The graphic in
the center of the window summarizes the action you are
programming. It is updated dynamically according to the
selections you make. Use the graphic to double-check that the
programmed action is what you want to make sure the
hardware won't get damaged when you actually move the data.
“内存页面管理器”允许您对校准数据执行几个操作。所有操作都
包括将校准数据从一个地方移动到另一个地方。左上角的一组单
选按钮允许你选择要执行的操作。它们右边的方框列出了校准数
据的可能来源和目标位置。窗口中心的图形总结了你正在编程的
操作。它会根据你的选择动态更新。使用图形来再次检查程序操
作是否正确，以确保在实际移动数据时硬件不会损坏。
4. Click the Download radio button.
单击 Download 单选按钮。
5. Select Code & data in the Apply to combo box.

在“应用于”组合框中选择“代码和数据”。

INCA V7.2-教程 82
6. Select Datasets in the From field.

在 From 字段中选择 Datasets。
7. Press and hold <CTRL> and select Working page+Code
page and Reference page+Code page in the To field.
按住 < ctrl > ，在 To 字段中选择 Working page + Code page 和
Reference page + Code page。
8. Click on Do it to start the action and click on Close to return to
the experiment.
点击 Do it 开始操作，点击 Close 返回实验。
8.3.4 Show Process Point

8.3.4 显示过程点
Now that there is an active connection to the ECU, you can show the
process point on the curves and maps.
现在已经有了一个与 ECU 的活动连接，你可以在曲线和地图上显示进程
点。
To show the process point on the TSPERN curve
在 TSPERN 曲线上显示工艺点
1. In the context menu of the Combined editor [2], which displays
在 Combined editor [2]的上下文菜单中，显示
TSPERN, select Set Editor on Process Point.
TSPERN，选择 processpoint 上的 Set Editor。
2. Select Measurement  Start Visualization.

选择 Measurement Start Visualization。
Note that the process point is visualized in the Combined editor

注意，过程点在 Combined 编辑器中是可视化的
[2] with the TSPERN map by a green frame around the table
entry that corresponds to the process point.
[2]与 TSPERN 映射通过一个绿色框架围绕表条目，对应的进
程点。
3. Stop measuring.
停止测量。
8.3.5 Perform the Calibration Task

8.3.5 执行校准任务
WARNING
警告
Calibration activities influence the behavior of the ECU and the systems
con-trolled by the ECU. This may result in unexpected behavior of the
vehicle and thus can lead to safety critical situations.
校准活动影响 ECU 和 ECU 控制的系统的行为。这可能导致车辆的意外
行为，从而可能导致安全关键情况。
Now it is time to do the actual calibrations.

现在是进行实际校准的时候了。
To calibrate the scalars
校准标量
1. In the Experiment environment, ensure that the working page
is active.
在 Experiment 环境中，确保工作页处于活动状态。
2. Select the Calibration window [1] with the characteristics
FRMAX and FRMIN.
选择带有 FRMAX 和 FRMIN 特征的校准窗口[1]。

INCA V7.2-教程 83
3. Double-click the value in the edit box to the right of the

parameter name FRMAX.
双击参数名 FRMAX 右侧编辑框中的值。
4. All digits constituting the value in the cell are selected. Type
1.25 and press <ENTER>. The setting is rounded to 1.2452,
the nearest value available according to the description of the
parameter in the project description file.
选择构成单元格中值的所有数字。键入 1.25 并按下 < enter > 。设
置四舍五入到 1.2452，根据项目描述文件中参数的描述可用的
最接近的值。
5. Change FRMIN to 0.75 using the same method.
使用相同的方法将 FRMIN 更改为 0.75。
In the following exercise, you first enter new values for the TSPERN curve in
the table and then refine the calibration using the graphical display.
在接下来的练习中，你首先在表格中输入 TSPERN 曲线的新值，然后使用
图形显示细化校准。
To calibrate the TSPERN curve
校准 TSPERN 曲线
1. Maximize the window of the Combined editor [2].
最大化组合编辑器的窗口[2]。
2. Change the values in the cells using the same methods as
for changing parameter values:
使用与更改参数值相同的方法更改单元格中的值:
x=0: z=0.5
X = 0: z = 0.5
x=100: z= 1.2
X = 100: z = 1.2
x=200: z=1.3
X = 200: z = 1.3
x=300: z=1.2
X = 300: z = 1.2
x=400: z=1.35
X = 400: z = 1.35
x=500: z=1.35
X = 500: z = 1.35
3. Change the value for x=500 by reducing the x-value from 500 to
将 x = 500 的值从 500 减少到
450
450
INCA V7.2-教程 84
The curve now appears in its new shape, according to the values
you entered in the table. Note that the curve is not smooth.
根据你在表格中输入的值，曲线现在以新的形状出现。注意，曲线并
不光滑。
To smoothen the curve using the graphical area of the editor

使用编辑器的图形区域来平滑曲线
1. Click the little triangle on the curve representing the value of
点击曲线上的小三角形代表
TSPERN at x=300.
TSPERN 在 x = 300 时。
A colored mark indicates you can now change the value for x=300.
一个彩色标记表示你现在可以改变 x = 300 的值。
2. Drag the triangle to a new position on the chart so the curve

looks smooth.
将三角形拖动到图表上的新位置，使曲线看起来平滑。
3. Restore the Combined editor to its normal size.

恢复组合编辑器的正常大小。
Entering the new values for all the entries in the TSPERN table was fairly
time consuming. In order to facilitate the calibration task INCA allows you
apply changes to an entire range of values using a single command. In the
following exercise you apply three such changes to ranges of map values.
为 TSPERN 表中的所有条目输入新值是相当耗时的。为了方便校准任务，
INCA 允许你使用一个命令对整个范围的值进行修改。在下面的练习中，你
要对地图值的范围应用三个这样的变化。
Note
注释
When calibrating the arith. elements, also consider the Diff counter in the
upper area of the experiment. It counts the total number of performed
changes in bytes, thus allowing a quick overview of the differences
between the ref-erence and working page.
当校准 arith 时。元素，也要考虑实验上部区域的 Diff 计数器。它以字节为
单位计算执行变更的总数，因此可以快速概括引用和工作页面之间的差异。
To calibrate all values of a map

校准地图的所有值
1. Select the KFRTV map in the Combined editor [3] and

maximize this window.
在 Combined editor [3]中选择 KFRTV 映射并最大化此窗口。
2. Select one value in the map table.
在地图表中选择一个值。
3. Select Edit  Select All Values to select all table entries.

选择 editselectallvalues 以选择所有表项。
4. In the context menu of the marked entries, select Add
Offset. The "Add Offset" dialog appears.
在标记条目的上下文菜单中，选择 Add Offset。“ Add Offset”对
话框出现。
5. Enter 0.2 in the edit box and click OK to go back to the

Combined editor.
在编辑框中输入 0.2，然后单击 OK 返回到 Combined 编辑器。

INCA V7.2-教程 86
All values were increased by 0.2.

所有值都增加了 0.2。
To fill a map with a value

用值填充映射
1. Select the KFRI map in the Combined editor [3].

在 Combined editor [3]中选择 KFRI 映射。
2. Select all values with y=1.5 by dragging the mouse over the appro-
priate cells while keeping the left mouse button depressed.
通过在适当的单元格上拖动鼠标，同时保持鼠标左键按下，选择 y = 1.5
的所有值。
3. In the context menu of the selected values, select Fill With
Values. The Fill with value dialog appears.
在选定值的上下文菜单中，选择 Fill With Values。 Fill With value
对话框出现。

Combined editor.
INCA V7.2-教程 87
All values in the selected series were set to 0.799

所选系列中的所有值都设置为 0.799
To multiply values in the map with a single value

将映射中的值与单个值相乘
1. In the Combined editor [3], select the KFRP map.

在 Combined editor [3]中，选择 KFRP 映射。
2. Select all values with x=1000 and x=1400 by dragging the
mouse over the appropriate cells while keeping the left mouse
button depressed.
选择 x = 1000 和 x = 1400 的所有值，方法是将鼠标拖动到适当的单
元格上，同时保持鼠标左键按下。
3. In the context menu, select Multiply by Factor.
The "Multiply by factor" dialog opens.
在上下文菜单中，选择 Multiply by Factor。
“ Multiply by Factor”对话框打开。

Combined editor.
All selected values were increased by 10%.
所有选定的值都增加了 10% 。
INCA V7.2-教程 88
5. Restore the Combined editor to its normal size.

将合并编辑器恢复到正常大小。
8.3.6 Save the New Calibration Dataset

8.3.6 保存新校准数据集
The changes to the calibration elements are automatically saved as soon as
you make them.
对校准元素的更改将在您进行更改后立即自动保存。
At this point, all you need to do is save the experiment to retain the
calibration windows for future use.
在这一点上，所有你需要做的就是保存实验以保留校准窗口供将来使用。
But if you are making changes to a group, you should document your work
and save the dataset of changes in a file exchange format.
但是，如果您正在对一个组进行更改，则应该记录您的工作并以文件交换格
式保存更改的数据集。
You will learn how to do that in Lesson: Managing Calibration Datasets.
你将在课程: 管理校准数据集中学习如何做到这一点。
8.3.7 Edit Several Calibration Variables and Activate them

at Once
8.3.7 编辑几个校正变量，并立即激活它们
You can use calibration scenario configurations to edit several variables and
activate them at once. In contrast to the procedures used in the previous sec-
tion, modifications of calibration values are not automatically saved and applied.
你可以使用校准场景配置来编辑多个变量并一次性激活它们。与前一节中使用的
程序相反，校准值的修改不会自动保存和应用。
To create a new calibration scenario configuration
创建新的校准场景配置
1. In the "Variables" menu of the Experiment Environment, select
the New Calibration Scenario Configuration command.
在实验环境的“ Variables”菜单中，选择 New Calibration Scenario
Configuration 命令。
The "Calibration Scenario Editor" opens.
打开“校准场景编辑器”。
2. In the "Variables" menu, select the Add Variables

command. The "Variable Selection" dialog opens.
在“ Variables”菜单中，选择 Add Variables 命令。“ Variable
Selection”对话框打开。
3. Select the following variables:
选择以下变量:

FRMAX
FRMAX
FRMIN
FRMIN
TSPERN
TSPERN
KFRP
KFRP
KFRI
KFRI
KFRTV
KFRTV
4. Click OK.
点击确定。
The variables are added to the calibration scenario configuration.
这些变量被添加到校准场景配置中。
To create an external calibration scenario

创建一个外部校准场景
1. In the "Scenario" menu, select New scenario.

在“场景”菜单中，选择“新场景”。
A new scenario with the name Scenario-01 is created.
创建一个名为 Scenario-01 的新场景。
2. In the "Save" menu, select Save configuration.
在“ Save”菜单中，选择“ Save configuration”。
3. Select Rename scenario from the context menu of the new
scen-ario.
从新场景的上下文菜单中选择 Rename 场景。
The "Rename scenario" dialog box opens.
“重命名场景”对话框打开。
4. Enter CalScen_Data as its new name.

输入 CalScen _ data 作为新名称。
5. Click OK.
点击确定。
To edit the calibration variables
编辑校准变量
1. Verify that the working page is enabled (see "Switch Between
the Reference and Working Datasets" on page 81).
验证工作页是否已启用(请参阅第 81 页上的“在引用和工作数据集
之间切换”)。
2. In the CalScen_Data column, click on the value of the variable
在 CalScen _ data 列中，点击变量的值
FRMAX.
FRMAX.
In the lower part of the window, the editor which is used for
editing the calibration values is displayed.
在窗口的下方，显示用于编辑校准值的编辑器。
3. Click on the value in the editor.
单击编辑器中的值。

4. Select Multiply by Factor in the context menu.

The "Multiply by Factor" dialog box opens.
在上下文菜单中选择乘以因子。“乘以因子”对话框
打开。
5. Enter the value 1.1.

输入值 1.1。
6. Click OK.
点击确定。
The selected value is multiplied by 1.1.
选定的值乘以 1.1。
7. In the CalScen_Data column, click on the value of the variable

在 CalScen _ data 列中，点击变量的值
FRMIN.
FRMIN.
8. Click on the value in the editor.
单击编辑器中的值。
9. Select Divide by a Divisor in the context menu.
在上下文菜单中选择除数。
10. The "Divide by a Divisor" dialog box opens.
将打开“除以除数”对话框。
输入值 1.2。
12. Click OK.
点击确定。
The selected value is divided by 1.2.
选定的值除以 1.2。

INCA V7.2-教程 91
13. In the CalScen_Data column click on the value of the variable

在 CalScen _ data 列中点击变量的值
KFRI.
KFRI.
14. Maximize the window of the Calibration Scenario editor and
scale the graphic so that you can recognize it.
最大化 Calibration Scenario 编辑器的窗口并缩放图形，这样你就可
以识别它。
15. Select Optimize Column Size from the context menu of the table,.
从表的上下文菜单中选择 Optimize Column Size,。
The columns of the table are adjusted accordingly to the size of

the values.
表中的列根据值的大小进行相应的调整。
16. Click on the first value and press <CTRL + A> to mark all values.
单击第一个值并按下 < CTRL + a > 标记所有值。
17. Select Add offset from the context menu.
The "Add offset" dialog box opens.
从上下文菜单中选择 Add offset。“ Add offset”
对话框打开。

输入值 0.1。
19. Click OK.
点击确定。
The value 0.1 is added to all selected values of the map.

将值 0.1 添加到映射的所有选定值中。

INCA V7.2-教程 92
20. In the CalScen_Data column click on the value of the variable

在 CalScen _ data 列中点击变量的值
KFRTV.
KFRTV.
21. In the editor select the values in the first three columns.
在编辑器中选择前三列中的值。
22. Select Increment from the context menu.
从上下文菜单中选择 Increment。
All selected values are incremented by a preset value.
所有选定的值都按预设值递增。
You have now finished editing the calibration variables.

你现在已经完成了校准变量的编辑。
23. In the Save menu select Save configuration.

在 Save 菜单中选择 Save configuration。
To activate the edited scenario
激活编辑过的场景
1. Restore the Calibration Scenario Editor to its normal size.
将校准场景编辑器还原到其正常大小。
2. Click in the CalScen_Data column.

在 CalScen _ data 列中单击。
3. Select Activate scenario from the context menu.
从上下文菜单中选择 Activate 方案。
Observe the values in the editors of the experiment, they
are changed by activating the calibration scenario.
观察实验编辑器中的值，通过激活校准场景来改变它们。
The values of the calibration scenario are directly copied to
the working page.
校准场景的值直接复制到工作页面。
Note
注释
When you perform the calibration task online, the values are enabled
on the ECU immediately upon activating the scenario.
当您在线执行校准任务时，当激活场景时，ECU 上的值将立即启用。
To store the scenario as an external file

将场景存储为外部文件
1. Click in the CalScen_Data column.

在 CalScen _ data 列中单击。
2. Select Save scenario as from the context
menu. The "Save as" dialog box opens.
从上下文菜单中选择 Save 场景。“ Save as”对话
框打开。
3. Enter CalScen_Data for the file name.

输入 CalScen _ data 作为文件名。
4. Select CVX files (*.csv) for the file format.
选择 CVX 文件(* . csv)作为文件格式。
5. Click Save.
点击保存。
6. Close the experiment to return to the database management.
关闭实验返回到数据库管理。
A confirmation dialog appears asking whether the original
values for the working page should be restored.
将出现一个确认对话框，询问是否应还原工作页的原始值。
7. Respond with No.
回复 No。
Note
注释
Only those calibration variables that are part of the scenario are written
to the data exchange file. If you save the external scenario in an existing
file, all pre-viously saved variables get deleted.
只有那些作为场景一部分的校准变量被写入数据交换文件。如果你将外部
场景保存在一个现有的文件中，那么之前保存的所有变量都会被删除。

INCA V7.2-教程 94
8.4 Questions
8.4 问题
1. How many curves can you calibrate in a single combined
editor in 3D display?
在 3D 显示的单个组合编辑器中，可以校准多少条曲线？
A. 1
B. 2
C. Many
许多
2. How many parameter values can you calibrate in a single
oper-ation?
在一次操作中可以校准多少参数值？
A. 1
B. 2
C. Many
许多
3. How many map values can you change in a single operation?
在一次操作中可以更改多少个映射值？
A. 1
B. 2
C. Many
许多
4. Which of the following descriptions best describes changing
the display format of a calibration element?
下列哪项描述最能描述更改校准元件的显示格式？
A. Use the menu of the calibration editor to get a
list of displayed calibration elements and their
format settings. Change the setting for the
appropriate calibration element.
使用校准编辑器的菜单来获取显示的校准元素及其
格式设置的列表。更改适当的校准元素的设置。
B. Move the calibration element to a new win-
dow. Before the new window is displayed,
you can set the format to the desired format.
将校准元素移动到新窗口。在新窗口显示之前，你
可以将格式设置为所需的格式。
C. Right-click the element and select the

desired format from a context menu.
右键单击元素并从上下文菜单中选择所需格式。
8.5 Summary
8.5 摘要
In this lesson you added the calibration elements for the Lambda control exper-
iment to the Experiment window. You know the difference between reference
and working page. You calibrated characteristics, a curve, and some maps by
applying changes to both individual values and ranges of values.
在本课中，您将 Lambda 控制实验的校准元素添加到实验窗口中。你知道参考
页面和工作页面的区别。你通过对个别值和值的范围进行修改来校准特征、曲线
和一些地图。
Moreover you have created a scenario by means of the Calibration Scenario
Editor in order to activate several calibrations at once. You have saved the
cal-ibrated variables in a data exchange file to be able to use them elsewhere.
此外，您已经通过 Calibration Scenario Editor 创建了一个场景，以便同时激活
多个校准。你已经将校准变量保存在一个数据交换文件中，以便在其他地方使
用它们。

ETAS GmbH 9 Lesson: Managing Calibration Datasets
ETAS GmbH 9 课程: 管理校准数据集
9 Lesson: Managing Calibration Datasets

9 课: 管理校准数据集
9.1 Objectives
9.1 目标
You can use the Calibration Data Manager for managing calibration
datasets. You document your calibration task, save the results in a data
exchange file, compare different datasets and merge different datasets
into a new reference dataset.
你可以使用 Calibration Data Manager 来管理校准数据集。你可以记录校
准任务，将结果保存在数据交换文件中，比较不同的数据集，并将不同的
数据集合并到一个新的参考数据集中。

Calibration Data Manager (CDM)

校正数据经理(CDM)
The CDM allows you to manage and analyze datasets that have been
gen-erated during a calibration task.
CDM 允许您管理和分析在校准任务期间生成的数据集。
In the CDM it is possible to list, copy and compare complete datasets
or their contents.
在清洁发展机制中，可以列出、复制和比较完整的数据集或其内容。
Dataset
数据集
the calibration data they also can contain the ECU program itself.
校准数据之外，它们还可以包含 ECU 程序本身。
Data exchange file

数据交换文件
Files in a data exchange format allow you to provide the datasets
that have been created in a calibration task for being used in other
programs or by other users.
数据交换格式的文件允许您提供在校准任务中创建的供其他程序或其
他用户使用的数据集。
9.3 Tasks
9.3 任务
When performing calibrations over the course of a project it is useful to be
able to manipulate and compare different versions of the calibration dataset
you are working on. With the CDM you are able to perform these tasks. The
CDM can be started from the Database Manager, and runs in its own
application window, just like the Experiment window.
当在项目过程中执行校准时，能够操作和比较您正在处理的校准数据集的不同
版本是很有用的。有了 CDM，你就可以完成这些任务。CDM 可以从数据库
管理器启动，并在自己的应用程序窗口中运行，就像 Experiment 窗口一样。
For working in the CDM, you can distinguish between two main use cases.
For the calibrator it is useful to document his work and save it to a data
exchange file. The task of the responsible calibrator consists of merging
the different cal-ibration datasets into a new dataset.
为了在 CDM 中工作，你可以区分两个主要的用例。对于校准器来说，记录
他的工作并保存到数据交换文件中是很有用的。负责的校准器的任务包括将
不同的校准数据集合并到一个新的数据集中。

INCA V7.2-教程 96
The CDM offers three main possible actions: List, Compare, and Copy. All
three actions which you can perform with the CDM have similar user
interfaces. It is best to start the CDM and look at its layout.
CDM 提供了三种主要的可能行动: 列表、比较和复制。你可以使用 CDM 执
行的所有三个操作都有相似的用户界面。最好是启动 CDM 并查看它的布局。
9.3.1 Start the CDM

9.3.1 启动 CDM
You start in the Database Manager.
从数据库管理器开始。
1. In the "Database Manager", select Utilities  Calibration

Data Manager from the Database Manager,
在“ Database Manager”中，从 Database Manager 中选择
Utilities Calibration Data Manager,
or
或者
2. click ,
2. 点击,
or
或者
<CTRL>+<F11>.
< ctrl > + < f11 > .
The "CDM" appears.
“ CDM”出现了。
3. In the Action drop-down list, select List.

在 Action 下拉列表中，选择 List。
The Action field in the top-right corner of the CDM shows for which action
it is configured. The labels of the buttons at the bottom right of the window
change accordingly. Now it is displaying List.
CDM 右上角的 Action 字段显示为哪个操作配置了它。窗口右下角的按钮标
签会随之改变。现在它正在显示 List。
The result of an action is always a file. The file path is displayed in the title
bar. If you generate a new configuration, INCA generates this path
automatically by using the system variable ${EcuProjectPath}\.
一个动作的结果总是一个文件。文件路径显示在标题栏中。如果你生成了一
个新的配置，INCA 会使用系统变量 ${ EcuProjectPath }自动生成这个路径。
4. Click on Browse.. to select a permanent directory for your
output files.
单击 Browse。为输出文件选择一个永久目录。
The Directories dialog appears.
目录对话框出现。
5. Browse to the ..\ETASData\INCA\CDM\.. directory.

浏览到. ETASData INCA CDM. 目录。

INCA V7.2-教程 97
6. Click OK.
点击确定。
7. In the field Output base name, enter Tutorial and

click <ENTER>.
在 Output base name 字段中，输入 Tutorial 并单击 <
enter > 。
The result file path in the title bar has changed to reflect the changes you made.
标题栏中的结果文件路径已经更改，以反映您所做的更改。
To be able to use a single file path for output files with the same name,
INCA adds an action control code to the file name, e.g.
Tutorial_CPY.TXT. The action control codes are _LST, _CPY and
_CMP for the copy and compare actions, respectively.
为了能够对同名的输出文件使用单个文件路径，INCA 在文件名中添加了
一个操作控制代码，例如 Tutorial _ cpy.txt。操作控制代码分别是 _ LST，
_ CPY 和 _ CMP，用于复制和比较操作。
8. Select the Copy option from the Action list field and look at
the changes to the output file name in the title row.
从 Action list 字段中选择 Copy 选项，查看标题行中输出文件名
的变化。
INCA added the action control code _CPY to the name.
INCA 在名称中添加了动作控制代码 _ CPY。
9. Change back to the List action.

返回 List 操作。
The Format field below the Action field specifies the output format for the file
to which INCA exports the result of the action. Selecting a certain format
determ-ines the extension of the output file.
Action 字段下面的 Format 字段指定 INCA 将操作结果导出到的文件的输出格
式。选择特定的格式决定了输出文件的扩展名。
10. Click the arrow button of the Format combo box, and select HTML
from the drop-down list. Observe the changes to the output file
name in the title row. The file name should now read <INCA
base>\ETASData\INCA\cdm\Tutorial_LST.HTM
点击 Format 组合框的箭头按钮，从下拉列表中选择 HTML。观察标题
行中输出文件名的变化。文件名现在应该读作“ INCA base”>
ETASData INCA cdm Tutorial _ lst。HTM
The Variables to process group below the Format field contains a list box
with the variables the action is applied to. The label above the list box
shows how many variables of a total number of variables available in the
project are selec-ted for the action.
Format 字段下面的 Variables to process 组包含一个列表框，其中包含操作
应用到的变量。列表框上方的标签显示了项目中可用变量总数中有多少变量
被选中用于操作。
To select a source dataset
选择源数据集
1. Select Datasets  Select source dataset.

The "Select source dataset" dialog appears.
选择源数据集。出现“选择源数据集”对话框。
2. Expand the tree structure of the Tutorial database and navigate

to the folder Project _0400. Select the project 0400.
展开 Tutorial 数据库的树结构，导航到 Project _ 0400 文件夹。选择
Project 0400。
The datasets 0400 and 0400_1 appear in the right half of the
dia-log in the Datasets field.
数据集 0400 和 0400_1 出现在 Datasets 字段中 dia-log 的右半
部分。
3. Select the 0400_1 dataset in this field, then click OK to get back
在该字段中选择 0400 _ 1 数据集，然后单击 OK 返回

INCA V7.2-教程 98
to the CDM.
清洁发展机制。
To add variables
增加变量
1. Select Variables  Add.

选择变量添加。
The "Variable Selection" dialog opens. Further information
on the Variable Selection dialog can be found in Lesson:
Setting up an experiment.
打开“ Variable Selection”对话框。关于变量选择对话框的更多
信息可以在课程: 设置一个实验中找到。
2. Using the procedures that you learned in Lesson:
Calibration, select the following calibration variables:
使用您在“课程: 校准”中学到的程序，选择以下校准变量:
FRMAX
FRMIN
TSPER
N
KFRP
KFRI
KFRTV
FRMAX
FRMIN
TSPER
N
KFRP
KFRI
KFRTV
3. Click OK to return to the CDM.
点击 OK 返回到 CDM。

INCA V7.2-教程 99
The fields List source and All datasets in the CDM define the datasets that
serve as source and destination for the action to be performed. Their use
depends on which action is performed, and is explained below, in the
sections dealing with the individual actions.
清洁发展机制中的 List 源和所有数据集定义了作为要执行的操作的源和目
标的数据集。它们的使用取决于执行哪个操作，下面将在处理单个操作的
章节中进行解释。
The Results group in the bottom-left corner contains six custom controls
that look like LEDs. Each of these controls reports on a specific aspect of
the per-formed action, e.g. errors or warnings. The number to the right of the
LED indic-ates how many errors, warnings, etc. were reported for the aspect
related to the control. The status of these controls is continually updated as
the action pro-gresses. Click any of the LED controls to review details about
the aspect related to the control.
左下角的 Results 组包含六个类似 led 的自定义控件。这些控件中的每一个都
会报告一个特定的方面，例如错误或者警告。LED 右侧的数字表示了与控件
相关的方面报告了多少错误、警告等。随着操作的进行，这些控件的状态不
断更新。单击任何一个 LED 控件，查看与控件相关的方面的详细信息。
9.3.2 Compare Calibration Datasets

9.3.2 比较校准数据集
In order to retrace which variables have been modified by the calibrator in his
cal-ibration task and in which way, the CDM can show the differences between
ref-erence dataset and calibration dataset using the Compare function.
为了回溯校准器在校准任务中对哪些变量进行了修改，以及如何使用 Compare 函
数显示参考数据集和校准数据集之间的差异。
To compare the reference dataset with your calibration dataset

将参考数据集与校准数据集进行比较
1. In the Action drop-down list, select Compare.

在 Action 下拉列表中，选择 Compare。
2. From the Format list field, select the HTML entry.
从 Format list 字段中，选择 HTML 条目。
3. In the window area "Comparing destination", select the entry
Add dataset from the context menu.
在窗口区域“ Comparing destination”中，从上下文菜单中选择条目
Add dataset。
The dialog box "Select destination dataset" opens.
打开“选择目标数据集”对话框。
4. Select the dataset 0400 as destination dataset and click OK.

选择数据集 0400 作为目标数据集，然后单击 OK。
5. In the Variables to process window, select Add all from the
con-text menu.
在 Variables to process 窗口中，从上下文菜单中选择 Add all。
6. In the bottom part of the window, change the entry for the
Output base name to Tutorial_compare.
在窗口的底部，将 Output 基本名称的条目更改为 Tutorial _
compare。
7. Click on Compare all.
单击 Compare all。
In the "Results" window in the lower left, you can see that
dif-ferences between source and target were found for
twelve vari-ables.
在左下角的“结果”窗口中，您可以看到 12 个变量的源和目标
之间存在差异。
8. Click on the red controls and view the reports on the individual
res-ults.
单击红色控件并查看单个结果的报告。
9. Close the reports.
关闭报告。
10. Click on View to open the results file.
点击 View 打开结果文件。
The "Open File" dialog opens, showing all files in the working
dir-ectory <Inca base>\ETASData\INCA\cdm.
打开“ Open File”对话框，显示工作目录 < INCA base >
ETASData INCA cdm 中的所有文件。
11. Select the file Tutorial_compare_CMP.HTM.
选择 Tutorial _ compare _ cmp.htm 文件。
12. Click Open.
点击打开。

INCA V7.2-教程 100
Your web browser is launched, showing the compare results. Modi-

fied calibration variables are displayed in red in the HTML file.
您的 web 浏览器启动，显示比较结果。 modi 化的校准变量在
HTML 文件中以红色显示。
13. Close the web browser.

13. 关闭浏览器。
Note
注释
You can also call up the application data manager directly

from within an experiment. Steps 100 to 100 in this tutorial
are then automatically performed for the reference and
working pages of the experiment. Please see our online help
for additional inform-ation about this process.
您还可以从实验中直接调用应用程序数据管理器。本教程中
的步骤 100 到 100 会自动执行实验的参考页面和工作页面。
有关这个过程的更多信息，请参见我们的在线帮助。
9.3.3 List Calibration Datasets

9.3.3 列出校准数据集
With the List action you can document all modifications that result from your
cal-ibration task.
通过 List 操作，您可以记录由校准任务导致的所有修改。
As an example, it can be useful that all calibrators use the List action in
order to write their calibration datasets into an external file and give it to the
responsible calibrator. To ease the task of the responsible calibrator, you
can write only the variables into the file that have actually been modified.
例如，所有校准器都可以使用 List 操作将校准数据集写入外部文件并交给负
责的校准器。为了简化负责的校准器的任务，你只能把已经被修改过的变量
写入文件中。
To list the calibrated variables
列出已校准的变量
1. In the Action drop-down list, select List.

在 Action 下拉列表中，选择 List。
2. In the Format drop-down list, select CDF.
在 Format 下拉列表中，选择 CDF。
3. Make sure that in the List source list box, 0400_1 is still
selected as source dataset and that in the dataset list below
the reference dataset 0400 is used.
确保在 List 源列表框中，仍选择 0400 _ 1 作为源数据集，并在引
用数据集 0400 下面的数据集列表中使用。
4. In the context menu in the "Variables to process" window,
select the Select/show all differences entry.
在“ Variables to process”窗口的上下文菜单中，选择 Select/show
all differences 条目。
The list of variables is reduced to all those variables that are
dif-ferent in the two datasets.
变量列表被简化为两个数据集中所有不同的变量。
5. Change the entry in the field Output base name into
Tutorial_ list.
将字段 Output 基名中的条目更改为 Tutorial _ list。
6. Click on the List all button at the bottom right.
点击右下角的 List all 按钮。
7. You can see in the "Results" window area at the bottom on the
left that a new results file has been generated.
您可以在左下角的“ Results”窗口区域看到已经生成了一个新的结果
文件。
9.3.4 Copy Calibration Datasets

9.3.4 复制校准数据集
The task of the responsible calibrator consists of collecting the calibration data-
sets from the individual calibrators and merging them in a new dataset. For this
task he needs the Copy action. In this task it is advantageous to create a new
destination dataset by copying the reference dataset. In a subsequent step, the
负责校正工作的校正员的任务包括从各个校正员收集校正数据集，然后将它们合
并到一个新的数据集中。对于这个任务，他需要 Copy 操作。在这个任务中，通
过复制引用数据集来创建一个新的目标数据集是有利的。在随后的步骤中，

calibrations performed by the calibrators can be integrated, and the

responsible calibrator can write-protect the new dataset to prevent further
modifications in this dataset.
校准器执行的校准可以集成，负责的校准器可以写-保护新的数据集，以防止
进一步修改这个数据集。
To copy the calibrations into a new dataset
将校准复制到新数据集中
1. In the Action drop-down list, select Copy.

在 Action 下拉列表中，选择 Copy。
2. In the Format drop-down list, select ASCII.
在 Format 下拉列表中，选择 ASCII。
3. Select Datasets  Read source from file  Read from file.

选择 Datasets Read source from file 从文件中读取源文件。
or
或者
Right-click in the "Copy Source" window area and select
Read from file from the context menu.
右键单击“ Copy Source”窗口区域，从上下文菜单中选择
Read from file。
The dialog box "Open data exchange file as source" opens.
打开对话框“ Open data exchange file as source”。
4. Select the file Tutorial_list.cdfx.

选择 Tutorial _ list. cdfx 文件。
5. Click Open.
点击打开。
A dialog opens.
打开一个对话框。
6. Click on Overwrite.
点击覆盖。
The list box "Copy source" now shows the file
Tutorial_ list.cdfx.
列表框“ Copy source”现在显示 Tutorial _ list.cdfx 文件。
7. In the context menu of the destination dataset 0400
select Remove.
在目标数据集 0400 的上下文菜单中选择 Remove。
8. Select Datasets  Add destination dataset.
The dialog box "Select destination dataset"
opens.
选择数据集添加目标数据集。“选择目标数据集”对话
框打开。
9. Expand the tree structure of the Tutorial folder and navigate to
the folder Project _0400. Select the project 0400.
展开 Tutorial 文件夹的树结构并导航到 project_0400 文件夹。
he datasets 0400 and 0400_1 are displayed in the Datasets
list box in the right half of the dialog.
数据集 0400 和 0400 _ 1 显示在对话框右半部分的数据集列表
框中。
10. Select Copy from the context menu of the dataset 0400.
10. 从数据集 0400 的上下文菜单中选择 Copy。

11. Select Paste from the context menu of the Datasets list box.
从 Datasets 列表框的上下文菜单中选择 Paste。
A new dataset named 0400_2 is generated and added to the

list of datasets. The dataset is selected.
生成一个名为 0400_2 的新数据集，并将其添加到数据集列表
中。
12. Click OK to return to the CDM.
点击 OK 返回到 CDM。
In the following steps you can use the new datasets for
copying the calibrated variables into it.
在以下步骤中，可以使用新数据集将校准后的变量复制到该
数据集中。
13. Select Add all from the context menu of the Variables to
process list box.
从 Variables to process 列表框的上下文菜单中选择 Add all。
The six variables that have been calibrated as well as auxiliary
vari-ables are added to the list box.
已校准的六个变量以及辅助变量被添加到列表框中。
Tutorial_ copy.
更改字段 Output 基本名称中的条目为 Tutorial _ copy。
15. Click on the Copy all button in the lower right.
点击右下角的 Copy all 按钮。
The "Results" window (bottom left) displays that there are 225
new labels. These are the additional calibration variables in the
target dataset, but not in the cdfx file.
左下角的“结果”窗口显示有 225 个新标签。这些是目标数据集中
的附加校准变量，但不在 cdfx 文件中。
res-ults.
17. Close the reports.
关闭报告。
If the new dataset is okay, set it to write-protected. This will prevent any
unin-tended changes. Moreover you can use it as a new reference dataset
for further calibration activities.
如果新数据集没有问题，则将其设置为写保护。这样可以防止任何意外的更
改。此外，你可以使用它作为一个新的参考数据集，为进一步的校准活动。
To activate write-protection for a dataset
激活数据集的写保护
1. Select Freeze working data from the context menu of the
des-tination dataset 0400_2.
从指定数据集 0400_2 的上下文菜单中选择 Freeze 工作数据。
A dialog box opens which prompts you to enter a name for
the write-protected dataset.
打开一个对话框，提示您输入写保护数据集的名称。
2. Enter 0410 and press <Enter>.
输入 0410，然后按 < Enter > 。
The dataset is now protected against further modifications.
Since a write-protected dataset cannot be modified, a new
destination dataset 0410_1 has been created.
数据集现在已经被保护起来以防止进一步的修改。由于写保护
数据集不能被修改，一个新的目标数据集 0410 _ 1 已经被创建。
To copy the contents from further data exchange files, replace the file in
the Copy source list box by the desired data exchange file and repeat
the copy action.
若要从其他数据交换文件中复制内容，请将“复制源”列表框中的文件替换
为所需的数据交换文件，并重复复制操作。
It is possible to apply actions in the Calibration Data Manager to several
des-tination datasets at once.
可以将 Calibration Data Manager 中的操作同时应用于多个目的数据集。
For exercise purposes, compare the dataset from an application engineer with
the original reference dataset and your newly created reference dataset.
出于练习目的，请将来自应用程序工程师的数据集与原始引用数据集和新创建
的引用数据集进行比较。

To compare two destination datasets with a source dataset

比较两个目标数据集和一个源数据集
1. In the Action drop-down list, select Compare.

在 Action 下拉列表中，选择 Compare。
2. In the Format drop-down list, select HTML.
在 Format 下拉列表中，选择 HTML。
3. Select the dataset 0400 as source dataset.
选择数据集 0400 作为源数据集。
4. Select the not write-protected dataset 0410_1 as your first
des-tination dataset.
选择没有写保护的数据集 0410 _ 1 作为你的第一个指定数据集。
5. Select Datasets  Read destination from file  Read from file.
选择 datasetreaddestination from file Read from file。
6. In the <INCA base>\ ETASData\INCA7.2\cdm path, select
the data exchange file Tutorial_list.cdfx as the second
tar-get dataset.
在 < inca 基 > ETASData INCA7.2 cdm 路径中，选择数据交换文件
Tutorial _ list. cdfx 作为第二个 tar-get 数据集。
7. Click on Open.
点击打开。
The data exchange file gets added to the Comparing
destination list box.
数据交换文件被添加到比较目标列表框中。
8. Select Add all from the context menu of the Variables to
process list box.
从 Variables to process 列表框的上下文菜单中选择 Add all。
Tutorial_ compare_2.
更改字段 Output 基本名称中的条目为 Tutorial _ compare _ 2。
10. Click on Compare all.
单击 Compare all。
The "Results" window area at the bottom on the left shows the
res-ults of the compare action.
左下角的“结果”窗口区域显示了比较操作的结果。
res-ults.
12. Click on View to open the results file.
点击 View 打开结果文件。
9.4 Questions
9.4 问题
1. Which of the following actions can be performed using the CDM?
下列哪些行动可以使用清洁发展机制执行？
A. Database import.
数据库导入。
B. Copying a dataset.
复制数据集。
C. Writing calibrations of variables into an
HTML file.
将变量的校准写入 HTML 文件。
D. Database export into a CVX file.
数据库导出到 CVX 文件中。
E. Listing all calibration variables and their
values into a CVX file.
将所有校准变量及其值列入 CVX 文件。
2. Which actions are available in the Actions field of the CDM?
在清洁发展机制的行动领域可采取哪些行动？
A. Copy, list, compare.
复制，列表，比较。
B. Export, Import.
出口，进口。
C. Add, remove, duplicate.
添加，删除，重复。
3. Which dataset will be overwritten in a copy action?
哪些数据集将在复制操作中被覆盖？
A. Source dataset.
源数据集。
B. First destination dataset.
第一个目标数据集。
C. Second destination dataset.
第二个目的地数据集。
9.5 Summary
9.5 摘要
In this lesson you have learned how you can use the Calibration Data
Manager and its actions to manage and edit your calibration datasets.
在本课中，您已经学习了如何使用 Calibration Data Manager 及其操作来管
理和编辑您的校准数据集。
ETAS GmbH 10 Lesson: Data Management
ETAS GmbH 10 课程: 数据管理
10 Lesson: Data Management

10 课: 数据管理
Learning time: 25 minutes.
学习时间: 25 分钟。
10.1 Objectives
10.1 目标
You can use the Calibration Data Manager for managing calibration
datasets. You document your calibration task, save the results in a data
exchange file, compare different datasets and merge different datasets
into a new reference dataset.
你可以使用 Calibration Data Manager 来管理校准数据集。你可以记录校
准任务，将结果保存在数据交换文件中，比较不同的数据集，并将不同的
数据集合并到一个新的参考数据集中。

Dataset
数据集
the calibration data they also contain the ECU program itself.
校准数据之外，它们还包含了 ECU 程序本身。
Database Objects
数据库对象
Database objects are all elements of the INCA database that are
listed in the Database Objects list box. Examples are workspaces,
experiments and projects.
Database 对象是 INCA 数据库中列在 databaseobjects 列表框中的所
有元素。例如工作空间，实验和项目。
10.3 Tasks
10.3 任务
In this lesson you export the data you created in INCA and import them into
a new database. You learn how to manage your data within the database.
在本课中，您将导出在 INCA 中创建的数据，并将其导入到新的数据库中。学
习如何在数据库中管理数据。
10.3.1 Export the Database

10.3.1 导出数据库
When exporting the database, the data as well as the folder structure are
written to a file.
导出数据库时，数据和文件夹结构都写入到文件中。
To export the database to a file
将数据库导出到文件
1. In the Database Objects field of the Database Manager, select the
在 databasemanager 的 databaseobjects 字段中，选择
Tutorial folder.
Tutorial 文件夹。
2. Select Edit  Export.

选择 Edit Export。
3. The "Export options" dialog appears. Make sure the two
check boxes are unchecked and click OK.
出现“导出选项”对话框。确保两个复选框未选中，然后单击“确
定”。

4. The "Export file" dialog appears. Change the file name in the
File name field to Tutorial-copy.exp.
出现“导出文件”对话框。将文件名字段中的文件名更改为
Tutorial-copy. exp。
5. Click Save to export the file and to return to the "Database
Man-ager".
单击 Save 导出文件并返回到“ Database Man-ager”。
10.3.2 Create an Empty Database

10.3.2 创建空数据库
Using the skills you acquired in Lesson: Creating the Database, create a
new empty database called Tutorial-copy containing only an empty
DEFAULT top folder.
使用你在《创建数据库》课程中学到的技巧，创建一个新的空数据库，名
为 Tutorial-copy，其中只包含一个空的 DEFAULT 顶部文件夹。
10.3.3 Import the Exported Database into the Empty Database

10.3.3 将 export 数据库导入到 Empty 数据库
You now import the data you exported before into the empty database. The
import function automatically creates the folder structure present in the
data-base you exported from, so that you do not have to set it up before
doing the import. When setting up a database for a new ECU which is
similar to an ECU you have already used in the past you can use this
mechanism to jump start your project: import the old project and make the
necessary adjustments, rather than starting from scratch.
现在你将之前导出的数据导入到空数据库中。Import 函数会自动创建您从中
导出的数据库中的文件夹结构，这样您就不必在执行导入之前对其进行设置。
当为一个新的 ECU 建立一个数据库，这个数据库类似于你过去已经使用过的
ECU，你可以使用这个机制来启动你的项目: 导入旧的项目并进行必要的调整，
而不是从头开始。
To import the data
导入数据
1. In the Database Manager, select the DEFAULT folder of the

在数据库管理器中，选择
Tutorial-copy database.
Tutorial-copy database 教程-拷贝数据库。
2. Select Edit  Import.
选择 Edit Import。
The "Import Options" dialog appears.
出现“导入选项”对话框。
3. Click on the following button:
点击下面的按钮:
A dialog window for the file selection appears.

将出现一个文件选择对话框窗口。
4. Navigate to <INCA base>\ETASData\INCA7.2\Export
and select the file Tutorial-copy.exp, which you
previously cre-ated during the export of the Tutorial
database, and click on Open.
导航到 < inca base > ETASData INCA7.2 Export 并选择 Tutorial-
copy 文件。Exp，你之前在 Tutorial 数据库的导出过程中创建
的，点击 Open。
5. You get back to the "Import file" dialog. Make the following
set-tings:
您回到“导入文件”对话框。进行以下设置:

Deactive the option Replace objects with same object ID.

This makes sure that the imported objects will be inserted as
copies of the original objects, even if the original objects are
part of the database.
取消激活选项使用相同的对象 ID 替换对象。这确保导入的对
象将作为原始对象的副本插入，即使原始对象是数据库的一
部分。
Activate the option Import in selected path of database.
This makes sure that the imported objects will be placed
into the selected folder.
在选定的数据库路径中激活 Import 选项。这确保导入的对
象将被放置到选定的文件夹中。
Activate the option Keep folder structure from the export file.
This makes sure that the original folder structure will be
kept, instead of placing the objects flat into one folder.
激活选项 Keep 文件夹结构从导出文件。这确保了原始的文
件夹结构将被保留，而不是将对象平放在一个文件夹中。
6. Click OK.
点击确定。
7. The Import dialog box appears. Make sure all entries in the
list box are selected and click OK.
出现导入对话框。确保列表框中的所有条目都被选中，然后单击
“确定”。
8. The "Import results" dialog appears, listing the items that have
been imported. This dialog is for your information only; no
action is required. Click OK to return to the Database Manager.
将出现“ Import results”对话框，列出已导入的项。此对话框仅供参
考，不需要任何操作。单击 OK 返回数据库管理器。
The imported items are created in the Tutorial-copy database. The folder
structure is the same as the folder structure of the tutorial database.
导入的项目在 Tutorial-copy 数据库中创建。文件夹结构与教程数据库的文件夹
结构相同。
Using the import and export function of the Database Manager, you cannot only
write complete databases to an export file, but also individual database objects
such as workspaces, experiments, projects and datasets. Moreover, it is pos-
sible to reuse elements of experiments such as layers and measure and cal-
ibration windows within the INCA database or to export and import them.
使用 Database Manager 的导入和导出功能，不仅可以将完整的数据库写入导出
文件，还可以将单个数据库对象(如工作区、实验、项目和数据集)写入。此外，
还可以重新使用实验的组成部分，如 INCA 数据库中的分层、测量和校准窗口，
或者导出和导入这些组成部分。

Note
注释
Further information on the export and import functionality is provided in video
tutorials which you can access via the INCA help menu: ?  Video Tutorials.
关于导出和导入功能的进一步信息在视频教程中提供，您可以通过 INCA 帮助
菜单访问: ？视频教程。
10.3.4 Reuse Elements of Experiments

10.3.4 重用实验元素
When working with INCA, it is often useful to reuse parts of your work.
在使用 INCA 时，重用部分工作通常是有用的。
To reuse elements of an experiment in a new experiment
在一个新的实验中重复使用一个实验的元素
1. Add a new experiment to the Experiment folder in the
Database Objects list box.
在“数据库对象”列表框中的“实验”文件夹中添加新的实验。
2. Rename the new experiment into Ignition.
将新实验重命名为 Ignition。
3. Select the experiment LambdaControl.
选择实验 LambdaControl。
The Experiment Elements list box lists all layers as well as all
实验元素列表框列出了所有的图层
measure and calibration windows that are used in the
LambdaCon-trol experiment.
用于 LambdaCon-trol 实验的测量和校准窗口。
4. Mark the Combined Editor [3] and the Measure Window [1].
标记组合编辑器[3]和 Measure 窗口[1]。
5. Select Copy from the context menu.
从上下文菜单中选择 Copy。
6. Click on the experiment Ignition.

点击实验点火。
7. Select Paste from the context menu in the Experiment
Elements list box.
从“实验元素”列表框的上下文菜单中选择“粘贴”。
A new layer and the measure and calibration windows that
you copied are added to the experiment Ignition.
一个新的图层和你复制的测量和校准窗口被添加到实验
Ignition 中。
10.3.5 Manage Database Objects

10.3.5 管理数据库对象
Your daily calibration work might include creating different calibration datasets
for the same calibration task, all of them being derived from the same reference
dataset. As an example, this can be the case if there are different requirements
for the European and the American markets. In this case, you can organize your
work by moving the two datasets into different folders.
你的日常校准工作可能包括为相同的校准任务创建不同的校准数据集，所有这些
数据集都来自相同的参考数据集。举个例子，如果欧洲和美国市场有不同的要求，
那么情况就是这样。在这种情况下，你可以通过将两个数据集移动到不同的文件
夹来组织你的工作。
To organize your datasets
组织数据集
1. In the Database Objects list box, expand the tree structure of
the folder Project_0400.
在 Database Objects 列表框中，展开 Project _ 0400 文件夹的树
结构。
2. Select the project 0400.
选择项目 0400。
The Datasets list box list all datasets that you have created in
this tutorial.
数据集列表框列出了你在本教程中创建的所有数据集。
3. Rename the folder 0400 into EU.
将文件夹 0400 重命名为 EU。
4. Select Add top folder from the context menu of the
Datasets list box.
从 Datasets 列表框的上下文菜单中选择 Add top 文件夹。
5. Rename the new top folder into US.
将新的顶级文件夹重命名为 US。
6. Mark the datasets 0410 and 0410_1 that you created in the
pre-vious "Lesson: Managing Calibration Datasets".
标记你在前面的“课程: 管理校准数据集”中创建的数据集 0410 和
0410 _ 1。
7. Select Cut from the context menu.
从上下文菜单中选择 Cut。
8. Select Paste from the context menu of the folder US.

从文件夹 US 的关联菜单中选择 Paste。
10.4 Questions
10.4 问题
1. Which of the following elements are stored in the file resulting
from a database export?
下列哪些元素存储在数据库导出产生的文件中？
A. Project hardware configuration
Project 硬件配置
B. Folder structure
文件夹结构
C. Experiment window layout
实验窗口布局
D. Project master dataset
项目主数据集
E. Project working dataset
Project working dataset 项目工作数据集
F. Changes to the calibration elements
校准元件的更改
2. How can you reuse database objects within the Database
Man-ager?
如何在数据库管理器中重用数据库对象？
A. Drag the database object to another place.
将数据库对象拖动到另一个位置。
B. Copy and paste a database object.
复制并粘贴一个数据库对象。
C. Export and import a database object.
导出和导入数据库对象。
3. How should a database be structured?
数据库应该如何构造？
A. Top folder  Workspace, Experiment, Project
顶层文件夹工作空间，实验，项目
B. Top folder  Subfolder  database object

Top 文件夹子文件夹数据库对象
10.5 Summary
10.5 摘要
In this lesson you exported a database and reimported it into a new
database. Moreover you learned how to reuse database objects and
elements of exper-iments.
在本课中，您导出了一个数据库并将其重新导入到一个新的数据库中。此
外，你还学习了如何重用数据库对象和实验元素。
ETAS GmbH 11 Lesson: Settings and user profiles
ETAS 公司第 11 课: 设置和用户配置文件
11 Lesson: Settings and user profiles

11 课: 设置和用户配置
11.1 Objectives
11.1 目标
In this lesson, you customize several settings in INCA, and save them in a
user profile.
在本课中，您将自定义 INCA 中的几个设置，并将它们保存到用户配置文件
中。
You also learn how to exchange user-specific settings with colleagues using
the import and export function.
您还将了解如何使用导入和导出函数与同事交换用户特定的设置。

User profile
用户资料
A user profile is a collection of settings for a certain user determining the
look and feel of the INCA user interface. A profile can be saved and
loaded between sessions. This allows users to configure the INCA user
interface settings to fit their requirements. Profile settings include start
behavior, window size, window arrangement, paths and many more.
用户配置文件是特定用户的设置集合，用于确定 INCA 用户界面的外观和
感觉。一个配置文件可以在会话之间保存和加载。这允许用户配置 INCA
用户界面设置来满足他们的需求。配置文件设置包括开始行为，窗口大小，
窗口排列，路径等等。
11.3 Tasks
11.3 任务
11.3.1 Enable the Use of User Profiles

11.3.1 允许使用用户配置文件
By default the use of user profiles is disabled. To be able to use user profiles,
the use of user profiles must be enabled in the station options.
默认情况下禁用用户配置文件的使用。要使用用户配置文件，必须在站点选
项中启用用户配置文件的使用。
To enable the use of user profiles
使用用户配置文件
1. Select Options  Station options from the "Database
Manager". The "Station options" dialog appears.
从“数据库管理器”中选择“选项站”选项。“站选项”对话框出现。
2. Click the cell to the right of the cell with the value User
selec-tion.
单击单元格右侧的单元格，点击值为 User-selection。
3. Click the same cell again.
再次单击同一个单元格。

4. A list with the options Yes and No appears. Select Yes to

enable the use of user profiles, and click OK to go back to the
"Database Manager".
一个带有 Yes 和 No 选项的列表出现了。选择 Yes 可以使用用户
配置文件，然后点击 OK 返回到“ Database Manager”。
11.3.2 Create a New User

11.3.2 创建新用户
A user profile is always associated with a user. You can define users in any
way you like. A user can be a person, but you can also make user profiles
for groups, or even for different tasks by the same user.
用户档案总是与用户相关联。你可以用任何你喜欢的方式来定义用户。一个
用户可以是一个人，但是你也可以为群组，甚至为同一个用户的不同任务创
建用户配置文件。
To create a new user
创建新用户
1. Select Options  User  Add.

选择选项用户添加。
2. The Enter the new user title dialog appears.
出现“输入”新用户标题对话框。
3. In the edit box, type Student as the name for the new user whose
profile you are creating. Note that the profile name is the name of
the user; you cannot have more than one profile for a user.
在编辑框中，输入 Student 作为你正在创建的新用户的名字。注意配置
文件名是用户的名字; 你不能有一个以上的用户配置文件。
4. Click OK to create the new user profile and to go back to the
"Data-base Manager".
单击 OK 创建新的用户配置文件并返回到“ Data-base Manager”。
11.3.3 Change to the New User Profile
11.3.3 更改为新用户配置文件
You can only change the profile of the current user. Therefore, before cus-
tomizing the profile, you must first change to the user you created in the
previous section.
您只能更改当前用户的配置文件。因此，在自定义配置文件之前，你必须首先
更改到你在上一节中创建的用户。
To change to the newly created user
更改为新创建的用户
1. Select Options  User  Change.

选择选项用户更改。
2. The Select the title you want to change dialog appears.
出现“选择要更改的标题”对话框。
3. All users known to INCA are listed. Select Student and click
on OK to return to the "Database Manager".
所有已知的 INCA 用户列出。选择学生并点击确定返回到“数据库
管理器”。

11.3.4 Making Changes to a User Profile

11.3.4 修改用户配置文件
When newly created, the user profile is a copy of the default user profile.
新建用户配置文件时，该用户配置文件是默认用户配置文件的副本。
To start the user profile editor
启动用户配置文件编辑器
1. Select Options  User Options  Open.

选择选项用户选项打开。
2. The User options dialog appears. The settings in this dialog
make up the user profile.
用户选项对话框出现。该对话框中的设置组成用户配置文件。
Select the tabs to get an overview of the various possibilities. In the remainder of
this section you change several of these settings as an exercise.
选择选项卡以获得各种可能性的概述。在这一部分的剩余部分，你可以更改一些
设置作为练习。
First, change the appearance of INCA. You change a font properties and
disable maximizing of windows so new windows you open are not
automatically max-imized. Note that all settings you make in the user profile
change the appear-ance of all INCA windows.
首先，改变 INCA 的外观。改变字体属性并禁用最大化窗口，这样你打开的
新窗口就不会自动最大化。注意你在用户配置文件中所做的所有设置都会改
变所有 INCA 窗口的外观。
To change the appearance of INCA
改变 INCA 的外观
1. Select the Experiment tab from the User options dialog.
从用户选项对话框中选择 Experiment 选项卡。
2. A list with several options appears. Click the cell to the right of the
将出现一个包含多个选项的列表。请单击
cell with the value Adjust font in the variable
views if the view size is changed.
单元格，如果视图大小改变，则在变量视图中调整字体。

A list with the options Yes and No appears.

将出现一个包含“是”和“否”选项的列表。
3. Select No.
选择 No。
With this setting you have defined that in standard measure windows in
the Experiment Environment, only fixed font sizes are used which do not
depend upon the window size.
在这个设置中，您已经定义了在试验环境中的标准度量窗口中，只使用固
定的字体大小，而不依赖于窗口大小。
4. Select the General tab.
选择 General 选项卡。
5. Using the same method as before, change the setting for
Max-imized windows to No.
使用与前面相同的方法，将最大模拟窗口的设置更改为 No。
Another change that could be useful if you usually calibrate calibration elements
of a certain type is to change the type of calibration editor that is used directly
after you select the element in the Variable Selection dialog. In this exercise,
you define the Table Editor as Default Calibration Editor for arithmetic values.
如果您通常校准某种类型的校准元素，另一个可能有用的更改是更改在 Variable
Selection 对话框中选择元素后直接使用的校准编辑器的类型。在这个练习中，你
将 Table Editor 定义为 Default Calibration Editor for arithmetic values。
To change the default calibration editor type
更改默认校准编辑器类型
1. Click the Experiment tab.
单击 Experiment 选项卡。
A list with several options appears. The entries enclosed in
brack-ets in the Value column indicate that there is a list with
further options behind the cell.
将出现一个包含多个选项的列表。在 Value 列中括在括号内的
条目表明在单元格后面有一个包含更多选项的列表。
2. Click the cell to the right of the cell with the value Calibration.
单击单元格右侧带有 Calibration 值的单元格。

The "Change of calibration options" dialog appears with a
list of general calibration options.
“更改校准选项”对话框显示一个一般校准选项列表。
4. Click the General tab. Click the cell to the right of the cell with
the value Default Scalar Editor.
单击“常规”选项卡。单击单元格右侧的值为“默认标量编辑器”的单
元格。
A list with possible editors for scalars appears.
将出现一个列表，其中包含标量的可能编辑器。
6. Select Calibration Window from the list.

从列表中选择 Calibration Window。

Every arithmetic value selected for calibration is now being

dis-played in a Calibration Window.
选择校准的每个算术值现在都显示在校准窗口中。
7. Click OK to go back to the "User options" dialog.
点击确定返回到“用户选项”对话框。
8. Click OK to close the "User options" dialog.
单击确定关闭“用户选项”对话框。
Export your user profile to forward your user options to colleagues.
导出您的用户配置文件，将您的用户选项转发给同事。
To export user options
导出用户选项
1. Select Options  User Options  Export.

选择选项用户选项导出。
2. The "Export user settings" dialog appears.
将出现“导出用户设置”对话框。
3. Go to the directory <INCA base>\
ETASData\INCA7.2\Data\Demo.
进入目录 < inca base > ETASData
INCA7.2 Data Demo。
4. In the File name field, enter INCAoptions_<Name>.zip
and click on Save.
在 File name 字段中，输入 INCAoptions _ < name > . zip 并单
击 Save。
11.3.5 Importing User Options

11.3.5 导入用户选项
You can use the user options of a colleague by using the import function.
通过使用 import 函数，可以使用同事的用户选项。
To import user options
导入用户选项
1. Select OptionsUser Options  Import.
The "Import user settings" dialog appears.
选择选项用户选项导入。“导入用户设置”对话
框出现。

2. Go to the directory <INCA base>\

ETASData\INCA7.2\Data\Demo.
进入目录 < inca base > ETASData
INCA7.2 Data Demo。
3. Select the INCAoptions_<Name>.zip file and click on Open.
选择 INCAoptions _ < name > . zip 文件并单击 Open。
11.4 Questions
11.4 问题
1. An entry enclosed in brackets (< >) in an option table means
there is no value assigned to the setting.
选项表中括号内的条目(< >)意味着该设置没有赋值。
A. True
没错
B. False
错误
2. When creating a new user profile all settings are empty.
当创建新的用户配置文件时，所有设置都为空。
A. True
没错
B. False
错误
3. Arrange the following steps in the correct order:
按照正确的顺序安排以下步骤:
A. Change to a new user
更改为新用户
B. Turn on the One file for each item setting
为每个项目设置打开一个文件
C. Click the "Export Import" tab
单击“ Export Import”选项卡
D. Save the user profile
保存用户配置文件
E. Enable the use of user profiles
启用用户配置文件的使用
F. Create a new user
创建一个新用户
4. How many user profiles can you define?
您可以定义多少个用户配置文件？
A. 1
B. 2
C. Many
许多
5. How many user profiles can you define for one user?
您可以为一个用户定义多少个用户配置文件？
A. 1
B. 2
C. Many
许多
11.5 Summary
11.5 摘要
You created a new user and created a profile for this user. You imported
user options of a colleague. You familiarized yourself with the various user
options you can use for customization. You customized the profile by
changing the appearance of INCA and changing the default calibration editor
for arithmetic val-ues. You saved and exported your user profile.
您创建了一个新用户，并为该用户创建了一个配置文件。你导入了一个同事的
用户选项。你熟悉了各种可用于定制的用户选项。你通过改变 INCA 的外观和
改变算术值的默认校准编辑器来定制配置文件。你保存并导出了你的用户配置
文件。

ETAS GmbH 12 Appendix
埃塔斯有限公司 12 号附录
12 Appendix
12 附录
12.1 Answers
12.1 答案
12.1.1 Lesson: Creating the Database

12.1.1 课程: 创建数据库
1. False
错误
2. 2,3,1
二二三一
12.1.2 Lesson: Setting Up a Workspace

12.1.2 课程: 建立一个工作区
1. True
1. 正确
2. 1, 2, 3
2.1,2,3
3. 1 = Hardware Configuration Editor
3.1 = 硬件配置编辑器
2 = Hardware Configuration Editor
2 = 硬件配置编辑器
3 = Hardware Configuration Editor
3 = 硬件配置编辑器
4 = Database Manager
4 = 数据库管理器
5 = Database Manager
5 = 数据库管理器
12.1.3 Lesson: Setting Up an Experiment

12.1.3 课程: 建立一个实验
1. False
错误
2. True
没错
3. False
错误
12.1.4 Lesson: Measuring

12.1.4 课程: 测量
1. Many
许多
2. 1
3. False
错误
4. True
没错
5. 2
12.1.5 Lesson: Calibration

12.1.5 课程: 校准
1. Many
许多
2. 1
3. Many
许多
4. 2
12.1.6 Lesson: Managing Calibration Datasets

12.1.6 课程: 管理校准数据集
1. 2, 3, 5
2,3,5
2. 1
3. 2, 3
二，三

12.1.7 Lesson: Data Management

12.1.7 课程: 数据管理
1. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
1,2,3,4,5,6
2. 2
3. 2
12.1.8 Lesson: Settings and User Profiles

12.1.8 课程: 设置和用户配置文件
1. False
错误
2. False
错误
3. Steps should be in the following order:
步骤应按以下顺序进行:
Enable the use of user
profiles Create a new user
使用用户配置文件创建一个新
用户
Change to a new user
更改为新用户
Click the "Export Import" tab
点击“导入”选项卡
Turn on the One file for each item
setting Save the user profile
为每个设置 Save 用户配置文件的项打开
One 文件
4. Many
许多
5. 1
12.2 Further Reading

12.2 进一步阅读
Unless otherwise stated, the following additional documents are provided with
the basic INCA installation and can be found in one of the INCA folders Manual
or Help. Further documents might be provided with INCA add-on products.
除非另有说明，以下附加文件提供了基本的 INCA 安装，可以在 INCA 文件夹手
册或帮助中找到。进一步的文件可能与 INCA 附加产品一起提供。
Documentation for Standard Users

标准用户文档
 INCA online help (available through
1.
INCA) help\incaEnglishUS.chm 
INCA 在线帮助(可通过 INCA 获得)帮助
incaEnglishUS.chm 1。

 INCA Getting Started
INCA_Manual_V7.1_EN.pdf
印加开始印加手册 v7.1

INCA Tutorial
印加教程

INCA_Tutorial_V7.1_EN.pdf
INCA _ tutorial _ v7.1 _ en. pdf

2.
 INCA Video Tutorials 
INCA 视频教程 2。
1.
The INCA online help is automatically installed together with INCA and
can be accessed via the INCA? menu or by pushing F1.
INCA 在线帮助与 INCA 一起自动安装，可以通过 INCA 访问？菜单或者按
F1。
2.
The INCA video tutorials can be installed together with INCA (optional)
or viewed in the ETAS YouTube channel. You can access an overview
and the videos themselves via the INCA? menu.
INCA 视频教程可以和 INCA 一起安装(可选) ，也可以在 ETAS YouTube
频道上观看。你可以通过 INCA 访问概述和视频本身？菜单。

Documentation for Special Use Cases

特殊用途文件
1.
 CDM Background — Functionality and Restrictions 

CDM 背景ー功能和限制。
 Serial (X)ETK Calibration Concepts — Limited Emulation
RAM INCA_LimitedEmuRAM_EN.pdf 
系列(x) ETK 校准概念ー有限仿真 RAM INCA _ Limited
demuram _ en. pdf
 Serial Calibration with InCircuit2
INCA_InCircuit2_EN.pdf
用 incircuit 2 INCA _ incircuit 2 _
en. pdf 进行系列校准
Documentation for Tool Integration

工具集成文档
 INCA ASAM-ASAP3 Interface
INCA_IF_ASAM-ASAP3_EN.pdf
INCA ASAM-ASAP3 接口 INCA _ if
_ ASAM-ASAP3 _ en. pdf


 INCA ASAM-MCD-3MC V1.0.1 Interface
INCA_IF_ASAM-MCD-3MC_V1.0.1_EN.pdf
INCA asam-mcd-3mcv1.0.1 接口 INCA _ if _
asam-mcd-3mcv1.0.1 _ EN.pdf

 INCA ASAM-MCD-3MC V2.2 Interface
INCA_IF_ASAM-MCD-3MC_V2.2_EN.pdf
INCA ASAM-MCD-3MC V2.2 接口 INCA _ if _
ASAM-MCD-3MC _ V2.2 _ en. pdf


 INCA Tool-API Documentation (online help)
2.
cebra\INCA Tool-API Documentation.chm 
INCA Tool-API 文档(在线帮助)。
Documentation for Suppliers

供应商文档
3.
ECU Document Interface (EDI) for INCA (PDF)
ECU 文件接口(EDI)(PDF)3。
Specifications
规格说明
4.
 CVX (Calibration Values Exchange) 

CVX (校正值交换)4。
5.
 CDF (Calibration Data Format) 
CDF (校准数据格式)5。
12.3 Background Information on Interfaces
12.3 接口背景资料
12.3.1 Open Interfaces

12.3.1 开放接口
In addition to automation system interfaces, the tools of the INCA product family
provide a wide range of open and standardized interfaces for configuration, data
exchange, documentation, automation, and integration with customer
除了自动化系统接口之外，INCA 产品系列的工具还为配置、数据交换、文档编制、
自动化以及与客户的集成提供了广泛的开放和标准化接口
1.
This document can be obtained from ETAS on request.
这个文档可以从 ETAS 获得。
2.
The Tool API documentation is automatically installed together with the Tool
API component and can be accessed by double-clicking the help file.
Toolapi 文档与 toolapi 组件一起自动安装，可以通过双击帮助文件来访问。
3.
This document can be obtained from the ETAS download center (type:
tech-nical documentation).
这个文档可以从 ETAS 下载中心获得(类型: tech-nic documentation)。
4.
This document can be obtained from the ETAS download center (type:
spe-cification).
本文档可从 ETAS 下载中心获得(类型: 规范)。
5.
The CDF specification is available for download on the web pages of
the ASAM Association for Standardization of Automation and
Measuring Sys-tems under www.asam.net.
CDF 规范可以在 ASAM 自动化和测量系统标准化协会的网页上下载，网
址是 www.ASAM. net。

applications.
申请表格。
Fig. 12-1: INCA model

图 12-1: INCA 模型
 INS.DK: Interface for the integration of instruments into the INCA

Exper-iment Environment
INS.DK: 仪器集成到 INCA 实验环境中的接口
INCA's open Experiment Environment provides an interface which
allows for the integration of customer specific measure and calibration
instru-ments for the most diverse use cases. Examples are
animations, integ-rated web explorers, embedded model viewers,
street map viewers visualizing measured courses of GPS coordinates,
stimulation of para-meters with generators, etc. As a consequence,
customer specific data visualizations or data post processing does no
longer require external applications connected via COM, MIP or
ASAP3, but may be done directly in INCA.
INCA 的开放式实验环境提供了一个接口，允许为最多样化的用例集成
客户特定的测量和校准仪器。例如动画、综合网页浏览器、嵌入式模型
浏览器、可视化 GPS 坐标测量路线的街道地图浏览器、用发电机刺激
参数等。因此，客户特定的数据可视化或数据后处理不再需要通过
COM、 MIP 或 ASAP3 连接的外部应用程序，而是可以直接在 INCA
中完成。

Instrument Integration is supported through the INCA Instrument
Integ-ration Development Kit (INCA-INS.DK).
仪器集成通过 INCA 仪器集成开发工具包(INCA-ins. DK)得到支持。
 MDF.IP: Library for measurement data exchange in standardized formats. 
MDF.IP: 以标准格式进行测量数据交换的库。

Measure data that are recorded by INCA are written in measure data
formats. For this purpose, INCA uses a component that is also available
for 3rd party and inhouse tool providers to read and write measure data
in standardized MDF4 format as well as in the formats MDF 3.0, MDF
3.3 and ETAS ASCII. Moreover, additional customized measure file
formats can be added through a plug-in interface.
INCA 记录的测量数据以测量数据格式书写。为此目的，国际数据中心使
用了一个组件，第三方和内部工具提供商也可使用该组件以标准化的
MDF4 格式以及 mdf3.0、 mdf3.3 和 ETAS ASCII 格式读写测量数据。此
外，可以通过一个插件接口添加额外的定制测量文件格式。

The MDF data exchange component and plug-in interface is
provided through the MDF Integration Package.
MDF 数据交换组件和插件接口是通过 MDF Integration Package
提供的。
 HWI.DK: Interface for hardware integration
Dk: 硬件集成接口

INCA supports ETAS measure and calibration hardware. Moreover, it

offers an open interface which enables 3rd party tool providers to add
sup-port of their hardware.
INCA 支持 ETAS 测量和校准硬件。此外，它提供了一个开放的接口，
使第三方工具提供商可以添加支持他们的硬件。

Hardware Integration is provided through the Open Hardware

Integration Development Kit.
硬件集成是通过 Open Hardware Integration Development Kit 提供的。
Hardware Integration is supported through the INCA Hardware Integration
Development Kit and the ECU and Bus Interfaces Integration Package.
硬件集成通过 INCA 硬件集成开发工具包和 ECU 和总线接口集成包来支持。
 eCDM: Interface for the exchange of enterprise calibration data 

eCDM: 企业校准数据交换接口

INCA's Enterprise CDM (eCDM) interface provides direct access to

any enterprise calibration data management system from within
INCA via a standardized API, thus making a manual data exchange
via the file share obsolete.
INCA 的 Enterprise CDM (eCDM)接口提供了通过标准化 API 从 INCA
内部直接访问任何企业校准数据管理系统的途径，从而使通过文件共
享进行的人工数据交换过时。

eCDM functionality is provided through a separate eCDM add-on.
eCDM 功能是通过一个单独的 eCDM 附加组件提供的。

Plug-in interface for providing additional CDM documentation formats

插件接口提供额外的 CDM 文档格式

INCA CDM offers a number of output formats for the documentation

of your calibration activities, e.g. ASCII, DCM, or HTML. By means
of plug-ins, it is possible to add further converters supporting user-
specific doc-umentation formats, e.g. customized PDF output.
INCA CDM 为校准活动的文档化提供了许多输出格式，例如 ASCII、
DCM 或 HTML。通过插件的方式，可以添加更多的转换器来支持用
户特定的文档格式，例如定制的 PDF 输出。

CDM provides the complete calibration data information in the
stand-ardized MSRSW ASAM XML intermediate format for further
processing by the converters.
CDM 以标准化的 mssrsw ASAM XML 中间格式提供完整的校准数据
信息，供转换器进一步处理。

The plug-in interface is available with the INCA base package.
插件接口与 INCA 基本包一起可用。
12.3.2 Standard Interfaces Based on the ASAM-MCD Model

12.3.2 基于 ASAM-MCD 模型的标准接口
Standardized interfaces, which are independent of manufacturers and systems,
have been established in the calibration tool environment. The ASAM-MCD has
standardized, among others, the following crucial calibration interfaces:
在校准工具环境中建立了独立于制造商和系统的标准化接口。ASAM-MCD 标准
化了以下关键的校准接口:
ASAM-MCD-1 provides the direct interface to the control unit.

ASAM-MCD-1 提供了与控制单元的直接接口。
 ASAM-MCD-1a
ASAM-MCD-1a

direct hardware interface to the control unit; hardware interface is
the CAN bus (Controller Area Network) with CCP (Can Calibration
Protocol) as the communication protocol. 
硬件接口是以 CAN 校准协议为通信协议的 CAN 总线(控制器局域网
路)。

 ASAM-MCD-1b
ASAM-MCD-1b

Software/driver interface between the calibration program on the PC
and the connected calibration hardware.
PC 上的校准程序和连接的校准硬件之间的软件/驱动程序接口。
ASAM-MCD-2MC:
ASAM-MCD-2MC:
This is a file format used to describe the calibration variables and measured
sig-nals contained in the control unit software, and additional specific
information designed to parameterize the calibration interface. You can use
ASAM-MCD-2MC to import the information required for this into a calibration
system (A2L file). The file only contains address information and the data
structure, however; the values are stored in the associated hex file.
这是一种文件格式，用于描述包含在控制单元软件中的校准变量和测量信号，
以及用于参数化校准界面的额外特定信息。你可以使用 ASAM-MCD-2MC 将
这些信息导入校准系统(A2L 文件)。然而，该文件只包含地址信息和数据结构;
值存储在相关的十六进制文件中。
ASAM-MCD-3MC:
ASAM-MCD-3MC:

This is a standard data exchange/communication protocol for remote control

of a calibration system via Ethernet or the RS-232 interface. A test bench
computer can work as the master to automatically optimize control unit
parameters via the ASAM-MCD-3MC interface. For this purpose, the
calibration system receives calibration commands via the interface and
executes them in the con-trol unit. When requested, control unit internal
signals can also be measured and returned to the test bench computer.
这是一个通过以太网或 RS-232 接口远程控制校准系统的标准数据交换/通信
协议。测试台计算机可以作为主机通过 ASAM-MCD-3MC 接口自动优化控制
单元参数。为此，校准系统通过接口接收校准命令并在控制单元中执行。当
需要时，控制单元内部信号也可以被测量并返回到测试台计算机。
Remote-interface
遥控接口
(automation system, e.g. test bench )
(自动化系统，例如测试台)
ASAM-MCD-3MC
ASAM-MCD-3MC
Description
描述
file
档案
ASAM-MCD-2MC
ASAM-MCD-2MC
ECU1
ECU1
ECU2 ECU2
Device Device
设备装置 ASAM-MCD-1b
ASAM-MCD-1b
HW HW
HW HW
ASAM-MCD-1a
ASAM-MCD-1a
ECU1 ECU2
ECU1 ECU2
For further information on ASAM-MCD-3MC, please refer to the ASAM-

MCD-3MC documentation for INCA Documentation for Tool Integration.
有关 ASAM-MCD-3MC 的进一步信息，请参阅 ASAM-MCD-3MC 文档，
以获得 INCA 工具集成文档。
Interfaces to the Control Unit - ASAM-MCD-1

与控制单元的接口 -ASAM-MCD-1
The connection of a calibration system to a control unit can be parallel or serial.
校准系统与控制单元的连接可以是并行的，也可以是串行的。
 Parallel interface via ETK (emulator test probe) - the ETK is connected
to all data and address bus lines in the control unit in parallel.
通过 ETK (仿真器测试探针)的并行接口—— ETK 并行地连接到控制单元中
的所有数据和地址总线。
Serial Interface
串行接口

The control unit communicates with the application device via a
standard serial interface and controls the engine, the gearbox or the
brake system at the same time; a special application protocol is used
for com-munication:
控制单元通过标准串行接口与应用装置通信，同时控制发动机、变速箱
或制动系统;
Diagnostic interface K-Line (ISO9141-2) using KWP2000 or
McMess as the communication protocol.
使用 KWP2000 或 McMess 作为通信协议的诊断接口 k 线
(ISO9141-2)。
CAN interface using CCP (CAN Calibration Protocol) as the

com-munication protocol.
以 CCP (CAN 校准协议)为通信协议的 CAN 接口。
XCP (eXtended Calibration Protocol) via Ethernet or USB

XCP (扩展校准协议)通过以太网或 USB
Additional memory (RAM) is required in the control unit, in which the
calibration system performs the parameter calibration and from which the
control unit reads the control parameters, both for the serial and the
parallel application. In the case of the parallel application, this additional
memory is implemented on the ETK.
对于串行和并行应用，控制单元需要额外的存储器(RAM) ，其中校准系统执
行参数校准，并且控制单元从中读取控制参数。在并行应用的情况下，这个
额外的内存是在 ETK 上实现的。
ETK, CAN and K-Line differ in terms of performance when it comes to
down-loading data to the control unit and in terms of data acquisition.
ETK、 CAN 和 k 线在向控制单元下载数据和数据采集方面的性能有所不
同。

High-End: ETK, very fast downloading of program and calibration data to the
con-trol unit and very fast data acquisition.
高端: ETK，非常快的程序和校准数据下载到控制单元和非常快的数据采集。
Medium and Low-End: CAN using CCP or K-Line with KWP2000,
depending on the control unit implementation.
Medium and Low-End: CAN 使用 CCP 或 kline with KWP2000，这取决于
控制单元的实现。
Parallel Hardware
平行的硬件
EPROM-interface
Eprom 接口
Softwa
ETK re
ETK 软件
ASAM-
RÖ MCD-1a
M ASAM-
RÖ MCD-1a
M CAN
CAN
CAN
Calibration
µC
CAN 校正
μc
Protocol Serial
协议 Interface
串行接口
McMess
Diag.
McMess
迪亚格。
KWP2000
ECU KWP2000
ECU
Calibration with ETK (Parallel Control Unit Interface)

校准与 ETK (并行控制单元接口)
An emulator test probe (ETK) is installed in the control unit for the parallel applic-
ation. The ETK is connected to all bus lines of the control unit processor and
replaces either the control unit program and the calibration data or the calibration
data only – depending on the control unit. Consequently, the calibration system
can change control parameters online. Furthermore, the ETK provides RAM (so-
called DPR = Dual Port RAM) to transfer measured data from the control unit to
the calibration system. The control unit itself cannot recognize whether the pro-
gram runs from the control unit flash (this is where the program is stored in the
production control unit) or the ETK.
一个模拟器测试探针(ETK)安装在控制单元的并行应用。ETK 连接到控制单元处理
器的所有总线，根据控制单元的不同，替换控制单元程序和校准数据或仅替换校
准数据。因此，校准系统可以在线更改控制参数。此外，ETK 提供 RAM (所谓的
DPR = 双端口 RAM)来将测量数据从控制单元传输到校准系统。控制单元本身无
法识别程序是从控制单元闪存(这是程序存储在生产控制单元中的地方)还是从 ETK
运行。
Only approximately 30 lines of additional program code are required for data
acquisition via a table transferred from the calibration system to the control
unit. The additional computing time required for this is negligible.
只需要大约 30 行额外的程序代码，就可以通过从校准系统转移到控制单元的
表格进行数据采集。这需要的额外计算时间可以忽略不计。
The ETK allows measured data to be acquired simultaneously from three meas-
urement rasters (loops), which are also speed-synchronous. Using an inter-
ference-proof serial interface, the control parameters can be modified or read via
the ES1000 (VME) calibration devices. The ETK is the control unit-specific com-
ponent of the memory emulation. Like the INCA PC software, all other cal-
ibration devices and cables used with the parallel application are the same for all
projects. Depending on the micro-controller bus, clock frequency, memory size,
etc., the ETK is available in different variants and will be adapted to the respect-
ive variant using programming on site. In addition to RAM, there is also an ETK
flash on the ETK board. This is used to store the calibrated data on the ETK.
This way, the control unit can be run immediately upon start and a calibration
system for downloading the data is not required.
ETK 允许同时从三个测量光栅(回路)获取测量数据，这三个光栅(回路)也是速度同
步的。使用抗干扰串行接口，控制参数可以通过 ES1000(VME)校准设备进行修改
或读取。ETK 是内存仿真的控制单元特定组件。就像 INCA PC 软件一样，所有
其他的校准设备和并行应用程序使用的电缆对于所有项目都是相同的。根据微控
制器总线，时钟频率，内存大小等，ETK 可在不同的变体，并将适应各自的变体
使用现场编程。除了 RAM，ETK 板上还有一个 ETK 闪存。这是用来存储校准数
据的 ETK。通过这种方式，控制单元可以在启动后立即运行，并且不需要校准系
统来下载数据。

Don't confuse the ETK flash with the control unit flash. The ETK replaces the
con-trol unit flash (perhaps only partially, depending on the type) and
provides a flash of its own which is used for data backup purposes.
不要混淆 ETK 闪光灯和控制单元闪光灯。ETK 取代了控制单元 flash (可能只
是部分取决于类型) ，并提供了自己的 flash，用于数据备份目的。
PC (Ethernet)
PC (以太网)
ES590
ES590
DPRAM = Dual Port RAM

DPRAM = 双端口 RAM
RAM DPRAM
内存 DPRAM
Flash ETK
Flash ETK
µC Peripherals
μc 外围设备
ECU
ECU
The ETK can be installed on or in the control unit, so that the ETK and the
control unit form a compact unit. This results in simple and interference-
proof designs and considerably facilitates their handling.
ETK 可以安装在控制单元上，也可以安装在控制单元中，这样 ETK 和控制单
元就形成了一个紧凑的单元。这样设计简单，抗干扰，极大地方便了操作。
ETKs are available in a large number of variants (physical dimensions, con-
nections) for the most common micro-controllers. Typically, they are
connected to the control unit module via specific adapters.
ETKs 有大量的变体(物理尺寸，连接) ，用于最常见的微控制器。通常，它们
通过特定的适配器连接到控制单元模块。
The functional principle of the ETK allows control parameters to be edited
flex-ibly in the ETK RAM while the process is running.
ETK 的功能原理允许在进程运行时在 ETK RAM 中灵活地编辑控制参数。
ECU ETK
ECU ETK
write Measuring
RAM 写 DPRAM Measuring 测
C RAM DPRAM 量
P Flas
h-
闪
电
RP WP Calibrating
侠校准中
U RP WP
EPROM
EPROM
Emulation
模拟
RAM
RAM
In the ETK, the data to be applied is redundant, so that, for example, the
response of an engine to modified data can be compared quickly to the
response to the original data at the push of a button. One of the pages is
called the Working Page (WP) because the calibration system can carry
out changes on this page. The other page is the Reference Page (RP).
The data on the ref-erence page cannot be edited.
在 ETK 中，要应用的数据是冗余的，因此，例如，引擎对修改后的数据的
响应可以快速地与按下按钮时对原始数据的响应进行比较。其中一个页面叫
做工作页(WP) ，因为校准系统可以在这个页面上进行修改。另一个页面是
参考页(RP)。参考页面上的数据不能被编辑。
There are control units in which the ETK only manages the calibration data.
Other control units also allow access to the code page so that the entire
control unit program can be loaded into the ETK.
有一些控制单元，其中 ETK 只管理校准数据。其他控制单元也允许访问代
码页，这样整个控制单元程序就可以加载到 ETK 中。
If only data are emulated in the ETK, the control unit accesses the data on the
working page or reference page and reads the program from its own FLASH
EPROM. In this case, a new program version first requires the control unit FLASH
to be programmed and then data to be downloaded to the WP and RP.
如果在 ETK 中只模拟数据，则控制单元访问工作页或参考页上的数据并从自己的
FLASH EPROM 中读取程序。在这种情况下，一个新的程序版本首先要求控制单
元 FLASH 被编程，然后数据被下载到 WP 和 RP。

Due to its parallel program and data access, fast downloading of data into
the control unit and very fast data acquisition with negligible run-time load,
the ETK interface is the most powerful interface.
由于其并行程序和数据访问，数据快速下载到控制单元和非常快的数据采集
与运行时负载可以忽略，ETK 接口是最强大的接口。
Calibration via the Serial Interface

通过串行接口进行校准
Calibration via the CAN, LIN and FlexRay and K-Line serial interfaces is imple-
mented via communication protocols which must be available both in the con-
trol unit and the calibration device so that they can be used together.
通过 CAN、 LIN、 FlexRay 和 k 线串行接口进行校准，并通过控制单元和校准
装置都必须具备的通信协议实现，以便两者可以一起使用。
The serial application is particularly important in situations, where due to the
installation location of the control unit (e.g. directly in the gearbox or when using
hybrid control units), the use of an ETK is not possible. A major benefit of the
serial concepts is that little hardware is required, so that in most cases there is
no need for mechanical and physical modifications. In most cases, the meas-
ured data rates are sufficient for a production intent application. INCA supports
serial application via the following interfaces and protocols:
串行应用程序在以下情况下特别重要: 由于控制单元的安装位置(例如直接在变速
箱或使用混合控制单元) ，不可能使用 ETK。串行概念的一个主要好处是只需要
很少的硬件，所以在大多数情况下不需要机械和物理的修改。在大多数情况下，
测量的数据速率对于生产意图应用程序来说是足够的。INCA 通过以下接口和协
议支持串行应用:
Protocol CCPa McMesse Monitoring

Protocol CCPa XCPb KWP2000c UDSd McMesse Monitoring
协议 XCPb KWP2000c UDSd McMesse 监控
Interface
接口
CAN
CAN X X X X X
K-Line
K线 X X
FlexRay
FlexRay 公
司 X X
LIN
LIN X
Ethernet
以太网 X
USB
USB 接口 X
a. CCP (CAN Calibration Protocol): protocol standardized on the CAN
bus in accordance with ASAM-MCD-1a
CCP (CAN 校准协议) : 根据 ASAM-MCD-1a 在 CAN 总线上标准化的协
议
b. XCP (eXtended Calibration Protocol): vendor- and interface-independent
pro-tocol for communication between calibration tools and control units, in
accord-ance with ASAM-MCD-1
XCP (扩展校准协议) : 供应商和接口独立的协议，用于校准工具和控制单元
之间的通信，符合 ASAM-MCD-1
c. KWP2000 (Keyword Protocol 2000): communications protocol used for
on-board vehicle diagnostic systems, specified in ISO 14230
KWP2000(关键字协议 2000) : 用于车载诊断系统的通信协议，ISO 14230
规定
d. UDS (Unified Diagnostic Services): diagnostic protocol, specified in
ISO 14229-1
UDS (统一诊断服务) : iso14229-1 规定的诊断协议
e. McMess: calibration and diagnostic protocol
McMess: 校准和诊断协议
Specifications of the CCP, KWP2000 and McMess implementations carried
out in ETAS calibration devices can be obtained directly from ETAS.
在 ETAS 校准装置中进行的 CCP、 KWP2000 和 McMess 实现的规范可以
直接从 ETAS 获得。
Additional software has to be installed in the control unit for the application pro-
tocol. This means that the protocol puts constraints on the control unit in terms
of computing time. Since in the case of the serial application, calibration and
应用程序协议的控制单元必须安装额外的软件。这意味着协议在计算时间方面对
控制单元施加了约束。因为在串行应用的情况下，校准和

measurement activities are performed in addition to the actual control unit

func-tion, the download speed, the measured data rate, and user-
friendliness are gen-erally affected. Therefore, additional traffic on the bus
caused by other control units might also have to be taken into consideration.
测量活动是在实际控制单元功能之外进行的，下载速度、测量数据速率和用户
友好性通常受到影响。因此，其他控制单元引起的公交车上的额外交通量也可
能需要考虑在内。
CCP allows the simultaneous acquisition of signals from several measurement
rasters (which are also speed-synchronous). Using KWP2000 and McMess, the
signals can only be acquired from one loop. In the case of KWP2000, this is a
fixed time raster; McMess also provides speed-synchronous acquisition.
CCP 允许从几个测量光栅(也是速度同步的)同时获取信号。使用 KWP2000 和
McMess，信号只能从一个回路获取。在 KWP2000 的情况下，这是一个固定时
间光栅; McMess 也提供速度同步采集。
Since only data emulation takes place, you always have to program a new pro-
gram version into the control unit flash before its data portion can be edited..
由于只有数据仿真发生，你总是必须编程一个新的程序版本到控制单元闪存之前，
其数据部分可以编辑。.
PC (Ethernet)
PC (以太网)
ES590 ES585
ES590 ES585
CAN K-Line
可以 k 线
Calib
ratio
n
校正
RA
M
µC RA
μc M
ECU
ECU
Basically, an emulation memory is used for the serial calibration as well.

This memory, however, is smaller than that of the ETK and either contains
all data (SERAM concept) or only a few characteristics (SERAP concept). In
the case of SERAP, you generally have to program the control unit flash first
so that it knows which values have to be applied initially. There are different
methods to do this; for details, please contact ETAS.
基本上，一个仿真存储器也用于串行校准。然而，这个内存比 ETK 小，要么
包含所有数据(SERAM 概念) ，要么只包含一些特征(SERAP 概念)。在
SERAP 的情况下，你通常必须先对控制单元 flash 进行编程，以便它知道哪
些值必须在最初应用。有不同的方法可以做到这一点，详情请联系 ETAS。
An implementation could be like this: The control unit loads the data to be
applied after its reset from the flash to the RAM and then reads the data
from the RAM rather than from the flash.
一个实现可以是这样的: 控制单元在从闪存重置到 RAM 后加载要应用的数据，
然后从 RAM 而不是从闪存读取数据。
The RAM is treated as the working page and the flash as the reference page.
Any modifications carried out can be programmed back to the flash using either
programming routines in the control unit or an external programming device.
Switching between flash and working page is possible during operation.
RAM 被视为工作页面，flash 被视为参考页面。任何进行的修改都可以通过控制
单元中的编程程序或者外部编程设备重新编程回闪存。在操作过程中，可以在
flash 和工作页面之间切换。
Typically, the calibration RAM required can be implemented using an
equipment variant of the production control unit with a larger external RAM.
The additional RAM area will then be used only for calibration data.
通常，所需的校准 RAM 可以使用具有较大外部 RAM 的生产控制单元的设备
变体来实现。额外的 RAM 区域将只用于校准数据。


ETAS GmbH 13 ETAS Contact Addresses
埃塔斯有限公司联系地址
13 ETAS Contact Addresses

13 ETAS 联系地址
ETAS Headquarter
埃塔斯总部
ETAS GmbH
埃塔斯有限公司
+4
9
Borsigstraße 24 Phone: + 711 3423-0
波西大街 24 号电话: 49 7113423-0
+4 711 3423-
9 2106
70469 Stuttgart FAX: + 7113423-
70469 斯图加特传真: 49 2106
Germany Internet:
德国互联网: www.etas.com
ETAS Subsidiaries and Technical Support

ETAS 子公司和技术支持
For details of your local sales office as well as your local technical support
team and product hotlines, take a look at the ETAS website:
想了解当地销售办公室的详细信息，以及当地的技术支持团队和产品热线，
请访问 ETAS 网站:
www.etas.com/en/contact.php
ETAS subsidiaries Internet: Www.etas.com/b5/contact.
ETAS 子公司互联网: php
www.etas.com/en/hotlines.ph
p
ETAS technical support: Internet: Www.etas. com/en/hotlines.
ETAS 技术支持: 互联网: php
ETAS GmbH Figures
ETAS GmbH Figures 埃塔斯有限公司数据
Figures
我就知道
Fig. 2-1: INCA System Overview

图 2-1: INCA 系统概述 9
Fig. 2-2: The Calibration and Measurement Applications
图 2-2: 校正及测量应用 13
Fig. 2-3: Memory emulation
图 2-3: 内存仿真 14
Fig. 7-1: Recording process when using a fixed time interval.
图 7-1: 使用固定时间间隔时的记录过程。 66
Fig. 7-2: Relation between start trigger and pretrigger and posttrigger times.
图 7-2: 启动触发器与预触发器和后触发器时间之间的关系。 67
Fig. 12-1: INCA model
图 12-1: INCA 模型 122

INCA 7.2案例教程 (中英版)

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INCA 7.2案例教程 (中英版)

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INCA V7.

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 3

6.3.2 Run the Experiment

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 4

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 5

12.1.4 Lesson: Measuring

1.1 Intended Use

1.2 Safety Information

ETAS GmbH cannot be made liable for damage which is caused by

1.3 Typographic Conventions

 Select DatabaseNew means "Select item 'New' from" the

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 7

INCA is installed on the c: drive this instruction means "Enter

1.4 List of Abbreviations

 ASAM-MCD – Association for Standardisation of Automation and

 CCP – CAN Calibration Protocol, standard protocol based on MCD-1a

 CDM – Calibration Data Manager

 DBM – Database Manager

 ETK – Emulator-Tastkopf (emulator test probe)

FIBEX – Field Bus Exchange

HWC – Hardware Configuration

INCA – INtegrated Calibration and Acquisition Systems

MDA – Measure Data Analyzer

MDF – Measurement Data Format

WP – Working Page

WS – Work Space

XCP – eXtended Calibration Protocol

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 8

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 9

Variables, measure variables, calibration variables (characteristics, curves,

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 10

1. Characteristics are fixed values used as constants by the ECU

Database and Database Manager

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 11

Address ranges (e.g. of each measured signal and parameter)

Names of the measured signals and parameters

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 12

Measure Data Analyzer

2.2 Concepts Applied to the Calibration Process

Fig. 2-2: The Calibration and Measurement Applications

1. By emulating parts of the ECU's memory INCA allows

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 13

Fig. 2-3: Memory emulation

1. INCA can emulate the ECU memory.

Make sure that the following files are present in the

请确保本教程使用的计算机上安装了 Internet 浏览器，并确保扩展名。HTM 与

Overview and objectives

1. Disk drive or root directory containing the corresponding folder

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 15

What you have learned after completing the tutorial

4 Lesson: Creating the Database

Learning time: 15 minutes.

4.2 Review of the Most Important Concepts

Database andDatabase Manager

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 17

4.3.1 Create a New Database

1. Select Database  New.

4.3.2 Create a Top Folder in the Database

INCA V7.2 - Tutorial 20

5 Lesson: Setting Up a Workspace

Learning time: 30 minutes

5.2 Review of the Most Important Concepts

Address ranges (e.g. of each measured signal and parameter)