CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

Judge Doctor
SAT 7:00AM -12NN

Locus standi - the right or ability to bring a legal action to a court of law.

nautical miles - a unit used in measuring distances at sea, equal to approximately 2,025 yards (1,852 m).

territorial waters – 12 nautical miles from the baselines.

continguous zone - 24 nautical miles from the baselines.

Exclusize economic zone – 200 nautical miles from the baselines.

It is an area of coastal water and seabed within a certain distance of a country's coastline, to which the country claims
exclusive rights for fishing, drilling, and other economic activities.

Delimit - determine the limits or boundaries of.

Ancillary - means of secondary importance; something subordinate or supplementary.

archipelagic baseline - the baseline for measuring the breadth of the territorial sea is the straight baseline joining the
outermost points of the outermost islands and drying reefs of the archipelago.

continental shelf - is the edge of a continent that lies under the ocean. It is shallow.

pacta sunt servanda - agreements must be kept.

delineation - the action of indicating the exact position of a border or boundary.

Extrapolate - to predict by projecting past experience or known data.

INNOCENT PASSAGE - is a concept in the law of the sea that allows for a vessel to pass through the archipelagic and
territorial waters of another state, subject to certain restrictions.

ARCHIPELAGIC SEA LANES PASSAGE - is for transit by ships and aircraft in the designated sea lanes or through routes
normally used for international navigation.

Sui generis - is a Latin expression that translates to “of its own kind”.

High seas - the open ocean, especially that not within any country's jurisdiction. Beyond the exclusive economic zone
(more than 200 nautical miles from the baseline)

Devoid - to lack or be without something that is necessary or usual.

Maritime zones - are areas of ocean or sea which are or will be subject to national or international authority.

Writ of Kalikasan - is a legal remedy under Philippine law that provides protection of one's constitutional right to a
healthy environment, as outlined in Section 16, Article II of the Philippine Constitution, which states that the "state shall
protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony
of nature.

Par in parem non habet imperium - is a general principle of international law, forming the basis of state immunity.
Because of this principle, a sovereign state cannot exercise jurisdiction over another sovereign state.

Subsumed - include or absorb (something) in something else.

Indefeasible - not capable of being annulled or voided or undone.

Succinctly - in a brief and clearly expressed manner.

Dichotomy - a division or contrast between two things that are or are represented as being opposed or entirely
different. An example of dichotomy is grouping mammals by those that live on land and those that live in water.

In Ramos v. Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co. of the PI., the Court ruled:

There is a question of law in a given case when the doubt or difference arises as to what the law is on a certain state of
facts; there is a question of fact when the doubt or difference arises as to the truth or the falsehood of alleged facts.

Replete - filled or well-supplied with something.

crux of the controversy - the most important aspect of the dispute.

Akin - of similar character.

contiguous - being in actual contact: touching along a boundary or at a point.

A Local Government Unit has been defined as a political subdivision of the State which is constituted by law and
possessed of substantial control over its own affairs. LGUs, therefore, are creations of law.

Equal Protection Clause - No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall
any person be denied the equal protection of the laws. No law shall be made respecting an establishment of religion, or
prohibiting the free exercise thereof.

Abridge - to diminish or reduce in scope.

Local autonomy - is defined here as the ability of local governments to have an independent impact on the well-being of
their citizens.

decentralization - the transfer of control of an activity or organization to several local offices or authorities rather than
one single one.

PERPENDICULARLY - at an angle of 90° to another line or surface.

Coastline - the outline or contour of a coast; shoreline.

Coast - the part of the land near the sea; the edge of the land.

defer - put off (an action or event) to a later time; postpone.

amicus curiae - is someone who is not a party to a case who assists a court by offering information, expertise, or insight
that has a bearing on the issues in the case.

functus officio - of no further legal effect.