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DENKMAL
WORKBOOK
Denkmal
Every successive architect, employed upon a great work, built the pieces he added
in his own way, utterly regardless of the style adopted by his predecessors; and if two towers
were raised in nominal correspondence at the sides of a cathedral front, one was nearly
sure to be different from the other, and in each the style at the top to be different from the
style at the bottom.
John Ruskin’s essay ‘The Nature of Gothic’ was a critique of the battle of styles
that characterised much of 19th century architecture. In contrast to what Ruskin saw as
hollow eclecticism, of employing the appropriate ‘style for the job’, the Venetian gothic
was an organic architecture, given authenticity through its deep connections to the
material and culture of the Veneto, and life from the hands of crafts people that
constructed it. Ruskin’s polemic was also directed towards the developing discipline of
restoration, specifically the highly interpretive restoration practiced by his
contemporary Eugène Viollet-le-Duc exemplified by his projects for Notre Dame in
Paris and the medieval city of Carcassonne. For Ruskin, Viollet’s approach was a part
of the same 19th century malaise, substituting personal taste and arbitrary image for
the stone and sweat that lay at the core of architecture. Viollet’s fanciful completion of
historic monuments stripped the very life from the original structures, this speculative
and picturesque approach was, in Ruskin’s eyes, tantamount to forgery.
Nineteenth century urbanisation would exert unprecedented pressure on historic
structures, a situation that resulted in an emerging consciousness about historic monuments,
and how they could be retained and continue to be used. Surprisingly, this emerging
discourse would be largely influenced by the precepts of the English aesthete, Ruskin, and
not those of his French rival. The Society for the Protection of Ancient Monuments was
established in England by William Morris, under the direct influence of Ruskin. The
Society’s manifesto of 1877 advocates that historic structures should be protected and
repaired not restored, and that each repair should be distinct and show its age, as was the
case with Ruskin’s gothic cathedral. This principle, of every addition and repair being
important, of the building up of layers being a defining quality of historic monuments, would
be further refined by the 1931 Athens Charter for the Restoration of Historic Monuments,
and the 1964 Venice Charter. While it is hard to dispute that the residue of time is a core
quality of monuments, the logic that every layer should be distinct and of its time has led to
building additions that try too hard to be ‘of their time’, and whose brash contemporary
architecture is at odds with the continuity and organic qualities that Ruskin valued so highly.
This semester’s work values the wholeness of monuments. Designed additions extend the
atmosphere of historic structures instead of simply declaring that they are new.
The semester begins by looking closely at the matter of adding to and modifying
historic monuments. Some of our references, like the Engadinerhaus, conform to
Ruskin’s dictum of each addition in its own way. Others more closely subscribe to
Viollet’s freer handling of monuments, making a new and more ambiguous whole from
the original structure and its additions. In each case the character of the monument in
its current condition and its effect on the environment around it is described through
detailed surveys. With a new, softer, theory of addition the main project for the
semester was the design of an addition to one of four small museums in Switzerland.
2 HS 2012 Denkmal 3 References Overview
References
Koller, Glaus, Pfammater, Casada, Miller Maranta Miroslav Sik Leo von Klenze, Hans Döllgast
Miller Maranta Türelihuus Vecchio Ospizio La Longeraie Alte Pinakothek
Waldhaus p. 9 p. 13 p. 17 p. 21
p. 5
Plan / Section / Elevation Karl Koller, Otto Glaus, Ferdinand Pfammater, Peter Casada, Miller Maranta
Interior, Photographic Study Waldhaus
Sils GR
1908-2012
10 5 0
10 5 0 12
GROUNDFLOOR
Küche 12 Foyer 6
Hochzeitssaal 11 Fumoir 5
Speisesaal 10 Arvenstube 4
Empiresaal 9 Bar 3
Sunny Corner 8 Halle 2
Lesezimmer 7 Reception 1
7
8
10 11
5
2 9
3
74 68 67 66 64
75 72 71 70 62 61 60 59 58
LONGITUDINAL SECTION
0 5 10
EAST ELEVATION
0 5 10
6 HS 2012 Denkmal 7 References Waldhaus
Second Floor
½ 1 2
d Floor
½ 1 2
10 HS 2012 Denkmal 11 References Türelihuus
Elevation West
0m 0.5m 1m 2m 4m
Section
½ 1 2
12 HS 2012 Denkmal 13 References Vecchio Ospizio
III
North Elevation 0m 2 4
VIII
Cross Section 0m 2 4
VI
A velvet, flat plaster covers the highly has been built to last for hundreds and doors reflect in the smoothly
structured walls of the staircase and of years is diminishing. However, polished natural stones. They slowly
lets the brickwork disappear. With the room still keeps its fascination! lose themselves in the wide cause
a huge effort the whole joint pattern Standing on top lets one realise of its tallness. Especially the door
of the bricks has been traced, even how the floor suddenly erupts into frame, handle, hinge and baseboard
the old barrel vaults and lintels are the depth where it disappears and are glimmering. They are made out
visible. Following the marks with eventually rises as a stairway at the of brass and give some pomposity
your own finger lets feel what other other end of the room. Windows to the matt surface of the wall,
fingers had painted for hours. On a and pilasters alternate along the releasing the room from its dull
few edges however, the red bricks whole length of the room. While monotony.
shine through the chipped plaster. the windows of the first floor are Some benches are placed face to
Only a view from the window onto arranged on the same level, the face with the window wall in the
the intrados reveals the difference pilasters become taller and taller to recesses between the solid piers.
between original and patched compensate increasing height. The They are out of a massive, white
brickwork. The room seems strong rising stair and the ceiling create lacquered wooden plate, which
and massive due to his unity and the an intensive sense of perspective hovers on top of two slim, iron
powerful formed details out of brick. accompanying the strong rhythms pyramids. Visible remain only the
Such as the strips of the pilaster on of the vertical carrying structure. legs of resting visitors on the bench
both sides of the window detach The ceiling looks similar to a cover peek out of the recesses. Sitting
themselves from the vertical line and and appears rather ordinary with there, the room suddenly becomes
form together a huge arch over the its visible non regular pattern of the small and private. From far away the
window. concrete formwork. The roof slab sound of voices, slammed doors and
After a second glance does one is butt jointed to the wall, there is steps being reflected a thousand
recognize some gaps in the wall neither strip nor cornice. It is just times mashes to a constant noise,
forming doors, concealing modern painted in pastel green and white which can be heard. It reminds of
house technology. The ventilation lines trace the foregone ceiling a train station hall, yet all the busy
grid allows a direct view into the construction. Shadows subside next people are missing. Leaving the
showroom behind. Also, fluorescent to the gloss of the windows over private recess, 1 one is invited
5 to take
10
South Elevation tubes disguised with a glassy sheet the ceiling and draw a pattern on a last glance through the window
are embedded into the brickwork the faint colours of the surfaces. into the infinite depth of the park
letting the wall lose its compactness. The same effect can be seen on before entering the gallery.
The illusion that this strong room the floor and stairs. The windows
I Early Netherlandish Painting - Rogier van der Weyden, Dirk Bouts, Hans Memling
IIA Early Netherlandish Painting - Lucas van Leyden, Quinten Massys, Cornelis Engebrechtsz
II Early German Painting - Albrecht Dürer, Lucas Cranach the Elder, Albert Altdorfer
IIB Early German Painting - Albrecht Dürer, Albrecht Altdorfer, Martin Schongauer
III Early German Painting - Stefan Lochner, Master of Saint Veronica, Barthel Bruyn
IV 15th and 16th Century Italian Painting
V 16th Century Venetian Painting
VI 17th Century Flemish Painting - Anthony van Dyck, Jacob Jordaens
VII 17th Century Flemish Painting - Peter Paul Rubens
VIII 17th Century Flemish Painting - Peter Paul Rubens and Joos de Momper
IX 17th Century Dutch Painting - Rembrandt, Frans Hals, Caravaggists
X 17th and 18th Century Italian Painting
XI 17th Century French Painting
XIIa 18th Century French Painting - Chardin, Lancret
1 5 10
XII Longitudinal
18th Century French Painting
Section
XIIb 18th Century Italian Painting
XIII Spanish Painting - El Greco, Murillo
XIII III
XIIb 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 IIb
XIIa IIa
XI I
1 5 10
Second Floor
24 HS 2012 Denkmal 25 References Zypressenstrasse
Elevation Section
Plans
28 HS 2012 Denkmal 29 References Aufbahrungshalle Sihlfeld
A
U
F
B
A
H
R
U
N
G
S
H
A
L
L
E
53
35
2.85
15
15 316 15119 81 7 79 91313 318 13 45 9 105
SECTION
A
U
F
B
A
H
R
U
N
G
S
H
A
L
L
E
53
35
1 2 2 2 2 1
19 38 22 2.56 20
119 2 38 2 22 2 2.56 2 20 1
119 2 38 2 22 2 2.56 2 20 1
0
0.5
1
2m
1 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 1
15 69 62 26 36 36 69 62 26 36 15 14 15 2 49 6 65 15
2 2 2
15 2 69 2 62 26 2 36 36 1 69 2 62 26 2 36 15 14 15 1 64 26 49 62 65 15
2m
1
0.5
0
UNROLLED PLAN OF THE BIG CHAPEL OF REST
Reflected Ceiling Plan, Interior Elevations, Floor Plan
Room Study Interior, Photographic Study
Aufbahrungshalle Sihlfeld References 31 HS 2012 Denkmal 30
32 HS 2012 Denkmal 33 References Haus Gugalun
Long section
36 HS 2012 Denkmal 37 References Chiesa San Carlo di Negrentino
floor plan
0! 10! 20
XII
XII
XII
XII
XII
XII
19. Jh blacksmith‘s shop of the village 1707 Barn um 1300 cloistar wall um 1300 Gate Building 1689 Corridor Building with staircase 1890 Kindergarten ab 775 Cloistar Church um 788 Heiligkreuz Chapel
Remise 1500 extension of upper 1492 gothic interior work
floors 1m 5m 10 m
1m 5m 10 m
XII
XII
XII
XII
section
1m 5m 10 m
section
1m 5m 10 m
45 Student Projects
Student Projects
Bern
Dominik Arni / Anna Salvioni
Simon Burri / Grégoire Farquet
Rahel Durot / Daniel Pflaum
Livio De Maria / Nicolas Rüegg
Matthias Elsasser / Nina Hug
Maximilian Kamlah / Michael Meyer
Chur
Lea Prati / Nadine Schütz
Dorian Mc Carthy / Enzo Valerio
Nadine Spielmann / Francesca Wyser
Michael Fehlmann / Lea Hottiger
Selin Demir / Stéphanie Savio
Lea Holenstein / Benedikt Zweifel
Glarus
Mario Sommer / Andrea Zarn
Romana Castiglioni / Besa Zajimi
Rachel Hess / Sebastian Linsin
Lorenz Dahinden / Lukas Redondo
Laura Hänni / Meret Studer
Nike Himmels / Stephanie Mitchell
Schaffhausen
Ziyue Ding / Jingxian Ye
Nikolas Klumpe / Carolin Kubat
Florian Baumgartner / Daniel Itten
Julian Oggier / Louis Wangler
Ozan Enginsal / Manuel Maibach
Romana Sander / Corinne Wegmann
47 Student Projects
Bern
48 HS 2012 Denkmal 49 Student Projects Dominik Arni / Anna Salvioni
1:100
first floor
66 HS 2012 Denkmal 67 Student Projects Matthias Elsasser / Nina Hug
1:100
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Exhibition
Foyer
70 HS 2012 Denkmal 71 Student Projects Maximilian Kamlah / Michael Meyer
Chur
74 HS 2012 Denkmal 75 Student Projects Lea Prati / Nadine Schütz
BÜNDNER KUNSTMUSEUM
BÜNDNER KUNSTMUSEUM
SOUTH / EAST ELEVATION
BÜNDNER KUNSTMUSEUM
SECTIONS
78 HS 2012 Denkmal 79 Student Projects Dorian Mc Carthy / Enzo Valerio
10 Meter
North
Piano Nobile 1:100
0
1
2
80 HS 2012 Denkmal 81 Student Projects Dorian Mc Carthy / Enzo Valerio
Sections
Villa Planta Chur
Sections
Villa Planta Chur
South Elevation 1:100
2 1 0 5 Meter
BB
Section AA 1:100
AA
2 1 0 5 Meter
AA
Meter
82 HS 2012 Denkmal 83 Student Projects Nadine Spielmann / Francesca Wyser
N
84 HS 2012 Denkmal 85 Student Projects Nadine Spielmann / Francesca Wyser
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86 HS 2012 Denkmal 87 Student Projects Michael Fehlmann / Lea Hottiger
N
92 HS 2012 Denkmal 93 Student Projects Selin Demir / Stéphanie Savio
Obergeschoss 1:100
95
Student Projects
Längsschnitt 1:100
Erweiterung Bündner Kunstmuseum Chur Lea Holenstein & Benedikt Zweifel Entwurf Prof. A. Caruso / Final Crits / 18.12.12
Ansicht Ost 1:100
Obergeschoss 1:100
Erweiterung Bündner Kunstmuseum Chur Lea Holenstein & Benedikt Zweifel Entwurf Prof. A. Caruso / Final Crits / 18.12.12
Erdgeschoss 1:100
Längsschnitt 1:100
Erweiterung Bündner Kunstmuseum Chur Lea Holenstein & Benedikt Zweifel Entwurf Prof. A. Caruso / Final Crits / 18.12.12
Längsschnitt 1:100
Erweiterung Bündner Kunstmuseum Chur Lea Holenstein & Benedikt Zweifel Entwurf Prof. A. Caruso / Final Crits / 18.12.12
99 Student Projects
Glarus
100 HS 2012 Denkmal 101 Student Projects Mario Sommer / Andrea Zarn
EFAC
longitudinal section1:100
cross section1:100
B
C
C
A
A
B
Professor Adam Caruso / HS 2012 / Denkmal / Romana Castiglioni / Besa Zajmi
106 HS 2012 Denkmal 107 Student Projects Romana Castiglioni / Besa Zajimi
north facade 1:50 Professor Adam Caruso / HS 2012 / Denkmal / Romana Castiglioni / Besa Zajmi
108 HS 2012 Denkmal 109 Student Projects Rachel Hess / Sebastian Linsin
Schaffhausen
126 HS 2012 Denkmal 127 Student Projects Ziyue Ding / Jingxian Ye
DENKMAL
ADDITION TO KUNSTHALLE SCHAFFHAUSEN
Carolin Kubat / Nikolas Klumpe
1st floor 1:100 Louis Wangler, Julian Oggier DENKMAL Prof. A. Caruso
140 HS 2012 Denkmal 141 Student Projects Julian Oggier / Louis Wangler
GROUNDFLOOR 1:100
SECTION 1:100
GROUNDFLOOR 1:100
SECTION 1:100
146 HS 2012 Denkmal 147 Student Projects Romana Sander / Corinne Wegmann
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148 HS 2012 Denkmal 149 Student Projects Romana Sander / Corinne Wegmann
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151 HS 2012
Assistants
Martina Bischof, Maria Conen, Murat Ekinci, Stefan Fürst,
Oliver Lütjens, Anna Page, Antonella Vigliotti
Student Assistants
Dominik Arni, Baseli Candrian, Nike Himmels, Lena Paulsson,
Andreas Schmid
Concept design
Moiré, Marc Kappeler, Markus Reichenbach & Ruth Amstutz