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Active and Passive
Active and Passive
Date: ……………………………………………
A verb is said to be in the active voice when the Forms of verb “Be”:
subject does the action. (present) = am, is , are
A verb is said to be in the passive voice when the (past) = was, were
sentence shows what is done to the subject. (present participle) = being
(past participle) = been
The past participle of a verb is:
The passive is used: verb + ed (regular verbs):
when the agent (the person who does the action) is paint painted
unknown, unimportant or obvious from the context. 3 column in the list of irregular verbs:
rd
ActivePassiveThey don’t call the office.The office isn’t called.They don’t ring the officers.The
Note: Never use (do, does, or did) with the passive voice. See the examples:
officers aren’t called.They didn’t call the officer.The officer wasn’t called.They didn’t call the
officers.The officers weren’t called.Did they call me?Was I called?Do they know me?Am I
known?Add the rest f the sentence.
Note: If there is a
Mary has been drawn several times. preposition with the verb,
do not The
Make the subject of the active sentence the agent of the passive sentence. forget it. is introduced
agent
with by. Sue looks after the children.
Mary has been drawn several times by Alan.
The children are looked
after by Sue.
Note: Don’t write the agent if it is not specific (people, someone, somebody, etc...). It is
preferable not to mention the subject if it is a pronoun (I, you, we, he, she, it, they).
Active and passive in sentences that take two objects; a direct and indirect object:
Mariesentme a funny email. subjectverbindirectEither
objectdirect object object or a direct
an indirect
Passive (1): I was sent a funny email. object may become the subject of a
Passive (2): A funny email was sent to me. passive sentence.
F. Change the following sentences with two objects from active into passive:
Past The crime was shocking me. I was being shocked by the murder.
Continuous The crime was shocking us. We are being shocked by the murder.
Present Jake has mailed the letter. The letter has been mailed by Jake.
Perfect Jake has mailed the letters. The letters have been mailed by Jake.
Jake had mailed the letter. The letter had been mailed by Jake.
Past Perfect
Jake had mailed the letters. The letters had been mailed by Jake.
Jake will mail the letter. The letter will be mailed by Jake.
Future
Jake is going to mail the letter. The letter is going to be mailed by Jake.
Simple
Jake is going to mail the letters. The letters are going to be mailed by Jake
Future Jake will have mailed the letter. The letter will have been mailed by Jake.
Perfect Jake will have mailed the letters The letters will have been mailed by Jake.
Jack needs to mail the letter. The letter needs to be mailed.
Infinitives
Jack needs to mail the letters. The letters need to be mailed.
Jake can mail the letter. The letter can be mailed by Jake.
Jake could mail the letters. The letters could be mailed by Jake.
Jake may mail the letter. The letter may be mailed by Jake.
Jake might mail the letters. The letters might be mailed by Jake.
Jake should mail the letter. The letter should be mailed by Jake.
Modals
Jake must mail the letters. The letters must be mailed by Jake.
Jake would mail the letter. The letter would be mailed by Jake.
Jake has to mail the letter. The letter has to be mailed by Jake.
Jake has to mail the letters. The letters have to be mailed by Jake.
Jake ought to mail the letter. The letter ought to be mailed by Jake.
Answer key:
Activity A:
1. wanted
2. bought
3. decided
4. married
5. chosen
6. dropped
7. made
8. drawn
Activity B:
1. The ball was hit by Adams.
2. is being rung
3. is washed
4. should be drunk
5. have been paid
6. will be written
7. to be done
8. may be invited
Activity C:
1. You will be given some advice by the lawyer.
2. The policeman was asked for directions.
3. The treasure had been found by the pirates.
4. The package is going to be taken later by Peter.
5. The machine has already been stopped.
6. The trainees are always encouraged by the coach.
7. The floor needs to be wiped right now.
8. New rules might be suggested by the employees.
Activity D:
1. The new changes weren’t noticed.
2. The furniture won’t be delivered.
3. The taxes haven’t been collected yet.
4. This poem wasn’t studied well by the students.
5. Credit cards are not accepted here.
6. Trees were not being planted at seven.
7. This plant shouldn’t be watered daily.
8. The applicants are not being interviewed.
Activity E:
1. Was the boy hit by the driver yesterday?
2. Will all the suspects be questioned by the police?
3. Has the house contract been signed?
4. Is English spoken in Spain?
5. Who was the vase in the sitting room broken by?
6. Are chestnuts being roasted now?
7. Can the top of this mountain be reached?
8. Was the piano being played very loudly?
Activity F:
1. Martin was given some letters by the secretary. / Some letters were given to Martin by the secretary.
2. I was sent an invitation by my friend. / An invitation was sent to me by my friend.
3. Laura is being shown some pictures by Mike. / Some pictures are being shown to Laura by Mike.
4. Jane will be bought a new car by Kevin next week. / A new car will be bought to Jane by Kevin next week.
5. Tom is always lent some money by Joe. / Some money is always lent to Tom by Joe.
6. He will be paid a lot of money by the company. / A lot of money will be paid to him by the company.
7. Will Dan be awarded a scholarship be the college?/ Will a scholarship be awarded to Dan by the college?
8. The criminal is denied some rights by the court. / Some rights are denied to criminal by the court.
Activity G:
1. The fox was hunted with a gun.