Review #1 (Lesson 16)

Discussion Questions - Gerunds and Infinitives

Warm-Up

● What do you enjoy doing that you are embarrassed about?

● When you are gossiping about people, what do you
discuss?
● What foods have you eaten but never want to eat again?
● As a child, what did you think would be amazing about
being an adult, but is actually difficult, stressful, and
terrible?
 Previous Writing Exam Question, pt. 1
"Many people believe that university is a waste of time because much more can be learnt by
working."

Do you agree or disagree with the statement?

Agree Disagree

1) 1)

2) 2)

3) 3)

4) 4)
 Previous Writing Exam Question, pt. 2
“Violent video games should be banned because they have no benefits.”
Do you agree or disagree with the statement?

Agree Disagree

1) 1)

2) 2)

3) 3)

4) 4)
● What is imported by Cambodia?
● What is exported by Cambodia?
● Who are the best phones made by?
● Who are the worst phones made by?
● Who are the most expensive cars made
by?
● Who are your favorite movies made by?

What do all of these questions have in common?

● What is imported by Cambodia?
● What is exported by Cambodia?
● Who are the best phones made by?
● Who are the worst phones made
by?
● Who are the most expensive cars
made by?
● Who are your favorite movies made
by?

What do all of these questions have in common? Passive Voice

1. Mengchhing and his mom ___________ by a loud noise during the
night.
A: woke up B: are woken up C: were woken up ✔

2. A new supermarket is going to _____________ by Chip Mong next

year.
A: build B: be built ✔ C: be building

3. There’s somebody walking behind us. I think _____________.

A: we are following B: we are followed C: we are being followed ✔

4. Sokheng __________ to phone his mom last night, but he didn’t.

A: suppose B: is supposed C: was supposed ✔

Active or Passive
A Sovanchhay and Sothyda came to our apartment for dinner last
1. ___
night.
P On her way over, Sotheary was stopped by the police for
2. ___
speeding.
A Sokhour calmed Vitiyir down after he lost his cell phone.
3. ___

A Seanhai told me he didn’t believe dinosaurs were real.

4. ___

P The remains of about 14 dinosaurs were discovered by Sao.

5. ___

P After a discovery, the bones will be studied by Bunly for many

6. ___
years.
 subject verb object

A: Sovannary helped the boy.

Subject

P: The boy was helped by Sovannary.

Object be + V3
General form: Be (in the correct tense) + past participle (V3)
 Meaning & Uses
‘Hey that's a cool shirt!’
‘Thanks! It was made in Italy’.
Do we know who made the shirt?
NO
Is it important to know?
NO
 Meaning & Uses
We use the passive if we want to talk about what was done
without mentioning the agent (the person or thing doing the
verb).
1. We don’t know the ‘agent’
A page had been torn out of the back of the book.
2. We don’t need to name the agent.
Not much has been done towards improving safety.
3. We want to write in an academic/scientific style where
the action is important but the agent isn’t relevant
The coffee beans are then roasted for ten minutes.
1. What are you expected to do to make your parents happy?

2. What are you frightened by?

3. What are you bothered by?

4. What are people confused by while traveling?

5. What is insomnia caused by?

6. What piece of technology have we been helped by most?

 Change Active Voice to Passive Voice:

1. Spiders terrify Kompeak.

2. Sarath just arrested the criminal.
3. I was upset when they stole my motorbike on
Hun Sen Boulevard.
4. Sereydalika wrote the diary.
5. Vannkheang ate all of the cookies.
6. Virakniron hired new employees yesterday.
 Change Active Voice to Passive Voice:

1. Spiders terrify Kompeak.

Kompeak is terrified by/of spiders.
2. Sarath just arrested the criminal.
The criminal was just arrested by Sarath.
3. I was upset when they stole my motorbike on Hun Sen Boulevard.
I was upset when my motorbike was stolen on Hun Sen Boulevard.
4. Sereydalika wrote the diary.
The diary was written by Sereydalika.
5. Vannkheang ate all of the cookies.
All of the cookies were eaten by Vannkheang.
6. Virakniron hired new employees yesterday.
The new employees were hired by Virakniron yesterday.
https://play.kahoot.it/v2/?quizId=6e809ad4-88bb-4477-a281-5c0984775e5b
Wedding (passive voice)
● Have all the invitations been
sent?
The robbery (passive voice)

All the drawers have been opened

18
“I cut my hair every “I have my hair cut every
month.” month.”
19
Have something done
We use have something done to say that we arrange
for somebody else to do something for us.
Compare:
● Lisa repaired the roof. (She repaired it herself)
● Lisa had the roof repaired. (She arranged for
somebody else to repair it.)

20
 Have something done
Have is the main verb so we change it according to the
correct tense.

Subj + have (correct tense) + object + past participle (V3)

We had the house painted a few weeks ago.

Some Examples
My car was dirty so I had it washed.

We didn’t want to cook, so we had a pizza delivered.

A: Did you redesign your room yourself?

B: No, I had it painted.

I had my photo taken on Westminster Bridge.

22
‘Get’ instead of ‘have’

In informal English, we can also use get instead of have.

❏ My car was dirty so I got it washed.

❏ We didn’t want to cook, so we got a pizza delivered.

23
We can also use have something done when somebody
does something bad to us or our belongings.

James had his nose broken in a fight.

I had my phone stolen at the riverside last year.

Have you ever had your bike stolen?

24
 Practice

Steal Take Repair

have your passport photo _______?

1. How often do you ______ taken

2. Have you ever had a problem with your iPhone?

have it __________?
Where did you _______ repaired

had
3. Is it true that you ______ stolen
your purse ______ in Takeo Province
last term?

25
Make a new sentence using the bold words
1. Did I tell you about Sovathana and Tepi? they / their bags / steal
They had their bags stolen.
2. Security at the airport was strict. we / our bags / search
We had our bags searched.
3. Phearin had some good news! he / his salary / increase
He had his salary increased.
4. Leangyi couldn’t get a visa to North Korea. He / his application / refuse

He had his application refused.

26
It is said that…
Using the passive with “it is said/thought/believed/claimed/known
that…” is common, particularly in news reports.

You can but do not need to include the person who believes, thinks,
claims, or knows.

He is believed to be armed and dangerous.

YMey is known to have been married before.
Sovathana is thought to have fled to Switzerland.
Review
Rephrase the sentences to make them more formal.

1. Police believe the burglar is a local man.

It is believed that the burglar is a local man.
The burglar is believed to be a local man.
2. People say the muggers are very dangerous.
It is said that the muggers are very dangerous.
The muggers are said to be very dangerous.
A: Police officers think that Seanhai robbed the bank using
a spoon.
P: It is thought by police officers that Seanhai robbed the
bank using a spoon.

1) A: Many people believe that Michael Jackson is still

alive.
P: ?
2) A: They say Ale is getting fat after moving to Cambodia.
P: ?
3) A: They think walking is a form of exercise.
P: ?
A: Police officers think that Seanhai robbed the bank using
a shoe.
P: It is thought by police officers that Seanhai robbed the
bank using a shoe.

1) A: Many people believe that Michael Jackson is still

alive.
P: It is believed that Michael Jackson is still alive.
2) A: They say Ale is getting fat after moving to Cambodia.
P: It is said that Ale is getting fat after moving to
Cambodia.
3) A: They think walking is a form of exercise.
P: It is thought that walking is a form of exercise.