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‘WIKIPEDIA
Nigeria
Nigeria - Wikipedia
Coordinates: 8°N 10°.
/nax'dzrorio/ «), officially the Federal Republic of
Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is geographically
situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf of Guinea
to the south in the Atlantic Ocean. It covers an area of 923,769
square kilometres (356,669 sq mi), and with a population of
over 218 million, it is the most populous country in Africa, and
the world’s seventh-most populous country. Nigeria borders
Niger in the north, Chad in the northeast, Cameroon in the
east, and Benin in the west. Nigeria is a federal republic
comprising 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory, where
the capital, Abuja, is located. The largest city in Nigeria is
Lagos, one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world and
the second-largest in Africa.
Nigeria has been home to several indigenous pre-colonial
states and kingdoms since the second millennium BC, with the
Nok civilization in the 15th century BC marking the first
internal unification in the country. The modern state
originated with British colonialization in the 19th century,
taking its present territorial shape with the merging of the
Southern Nigeria Protectorate and Northern Nigeria
Protectorate in 1914 by Lord Lugard. The British set up
administrative and legal structures while practising indirect
rule through traditional chiefdoms in the Nigeria region.!9!
Nigeria became a formally independent federation on 1
October 1960. It experienced a civil war from 1967 to 1970,
followed by a succession of military dictatorships and
democratically elected civilian governments until achieving a
stable democracy in the 1999 presidential election. The 2015
general election was the first time an incumbent president
would lose re-election. 29)
Nigeria is a multinational state inhabited by more than 250
ethnic groups speaking 500 distinct languages, all identifying
with a wide variety of cultures.“ J02I03I The three largest
ethnic groups are the Hausa in the north, Yoruba in the west,
and Igbo in the east, together comprising over 60% of the total
population."4I ‘The official language is English, chosen to
facilitate linguistic unity at the national level.['5! Nigeria's
constitution ensures freedom of religion"®! and it is home to
some of the world’s largest Muslim and Christian populations,
simultaneously.U7] Nigeria is divided roughly in half between
hitpsson. wikipedia orghwikiNigeria
Federal Republic of Nigeria
Jamhuriyar Tarayyar Najeriya (Hausa)
Orilg-8dé Oléminira Apaps
Najria (Yoruba)
Oharjtke Ohanézé Naiiriya (Igbo)
EEG
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: "Unity and Faith, Peace and
Progress”
Anthem: "Arise, O Compatriots"
&
SO
@show globe
Oshow map of Africa
Oshow all
Capital Abuja
9°4'N 7°29
Largest city Lagos
Official languages English
(Nigerian)
National Hausa « Igbo
languages Yoruba
Regional Over 525
languages languagestt!
Ethnic groups 30% Hausa
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Muslims, who live mostly in the north, and Christians, who live
mostly in the south; indigenous religions, such as those native
to the Igbo and Yoruba ethnicities, are in the minority.081
Nigeria is a regional power in Africa, a middle power in
international affairs, and is an emerging global power.
Nigeria's economy is the largest in Africa, the 25th-largest in
the world by nominal GDP, and 25th-largest by PPP. Nigeria is
often referred to as the Giant of Africa owing to its large
population and economy"! and is considered to be an
emerging market by the World Bank. However, the country
ranks very low in the Human Development Index and remains
one of the most corrupt nations in the world.2°ll24] Nigeria is a
founding member of the African Union and a member of many
international organizations, including the United Nations, the
Commonwealth _of Nations, NAM,“ the Economic
Community of West African States, and OPEC. It is also a
member of the informal MINT group of countries and is one of
the Next Eleven economies.
Contents
Etymology
History
Prehistory
Early history
Pre-colonial era
British colonization
Republican era
Politics
Law
Military
Foreign relations
Administrative divisions
Geography
Climate
Plant ecology
Environmental issues
Economy
Agriculture
Fossil fuels
Mining
Manufacturing and technology
Services and tourism
Infrastructure
hitpsson. wikipedia orghwkiNigeria
Nigeria - Wikipedia
(2018) 15.5% Yoruba
15.2% Igbo
6% Fulani
2.4% Tw
2.4% Kanuri
2% Ibibio
1.8% ljaw
24.7% Other
Demonym(s) Nigerian
Federal
presidential
republic
Government
+ President Muhammadu
Buhari
Yemi Osinbajo
‘Ahmed Lawan
+ Vice President
+ Senate President
+House Speaker Femi
Gbajabiamila
+ Chief Justice Olukayode
Ariwoola
(acting)
Legislature National
Assembly
+ Upper house Senate
+ Lower house House of
Representatives
Independence from United Kingdom
1 October 1960
1 October 1963
* Declaration
+ Federation
+ Current 29 May 1999
constitution
Area
+ Total 923,769 km?
(356,669 sq mi)
Gtst)
+ Water (%) 14
Population
+2022 estimate ——-218,541,212I4)
(6th)
+2006 census 140,431,691
+ Density 248/Km?
(664.6/sq mi)
(42nd)
GDP (PPP) 2022 estimate
+ Total $1.237 trillion’)
(25th)
+ Per capita $5,853 (129th)
ist