Science 7

Science – Grade 7
Quarter 3 – Module 17: Heat Transfer: Conduction and Convection
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Alfie T. Badilla
Editor: Jocelyn A. Prado
Reviewers (Content/Language): Rowena T. Tiempo / Crishiela Landicho
(Technical): Ligaya A. Gasulas
Illustrator: Edison Clet
Layout Artist: Jean Rean M. Laurente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Manuel A. Laguerta EdD
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
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Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
 Science 7
Quarter 3
Self-Learning Module 17
Heat Transfer: Conduction
and Convection
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 7 Self-Learning Module on Heat Transfer: Conduction

and Convection!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 7 Self-Learning Module on Heat Transfer: Conduction

and Convection!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module is made for you to explain how heat flows from one object
to another, and help you understand that conduction takes place between
objects in direct contact.
This module also explains how conduction and convection occur; and
infers that convection takes place between fluids.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. observe heat transfer between objects;
2. identify the different methods of heat transfer;
3. explain and compare how conduction and convection occur; and
4. cite the practical application of heat transfer.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Heat is the form of energy that is transferred between two substances at
different temperatures. Which of the following statements is TRUE about
heat transfer?
A. The energy flows in circular motion.
B. The energy flows in different directions.
C. The direction of energy flow is from the substance of higher temperature
to the substance of lower temperature.
D. The direction of energy flow is from the substance of lower temperature
to the substance of higher temperature.

2. Three types of heat transfer include conduction, convection, and radiation.

What type of heat transfer is involved when heat is transferred via solid
material?
A. conduction C. diversion
B. convection D. radiation

3. Chocolate candy in your hand will eventually melt as heat is conducted

from your hand to the chocolate. How does conduction occur?
A. It occurs when two objects with the same temperature are in direct
contact.
 B. It occurs when two objects with different temperature are placed near
each other.
C. It occurs when two things with different temperature are in direct
contact and energy flows from colder object to hotter object at the point
of contact.
D. It occurs when materials with different temperature touch each other
and energy directly transfers from the hotter object to the colder object
at the point of contact.
4. How does convection occur?
A. It occurs when heat is transferred by the movement of solids.
B. It occurs when heat is transferred by the movement of gases only.
C. It occurs when heat is transferred by the movement of liquids only.
D. It occurs when heat is transferred by the movement of liquids or gases.

5. Heat is a concept that is important to understand in various engineering

fields. Why is study of heat transfer particularly relevant for civil,
mechanical and chemical engineers?
A. Heat transfer is needed in the field of engineering.
B. Heat transfer plays a key role in machinery efficiency.
C. Engineers need to apply heat transfer to build infrastructures.
D. Heat transfer plays a key role in material selection and machinery
efficiency.

RECAP
Direction: Fill in each blank with a correct word found in the box to review
your past lesson in science.
liquid temperature increase gas thermal

Heat is the form of energy that is transferred between systems or objects

with different (1) __________. It is also referred to as heat energy or (2) ________
energy. Fast moving particles ‘excite’ nearby particles. If heated sufficiently,
the movement of particles in a solid (3) ___________ and overcome the bonds
that hold the particles together. The substance changes its state from solid to
(4) __________. If the movement of the particles increases further in liquid,
then a stage is reached where the substance changes into a (5) ________ .
 LESSON

Temperature and heat are not the same thing because temperature is
a measure of how hot something is; and heat is a measure of the thermal
energy contained in an object. Temperature is measured in 0C (Degree
Celsius) while heat energy is measured in J (Joules).
Heat energy can flow by conduction, convection or radiation. It always
flows from a region of high temperature to a region of low temperature.
There are three (3) types of thermal energy transfer or commonly called
as heat transfer: Conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the
transfer of heat from one substance to another by direct contact. Convection
is a transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or gas) caused by a molecular
motion. And radiation is transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles.
Observe the illustration in figure 1 below.

Figure 1: Three Ways of Heat Transfer

Conduction in solids
The atoms of a solid are held together by chemical bonds. The atoms
are fixed in place but are free to vibrate. When part of a solid absorbs heat
energy the atoms vibrate faster and with bigger amplitude. These vibrations
pass from atom to atom transferring heat energy as they do so. This process
happens in all solids when heated but is a slow process.

Conduction in Metals
 Some of the electrons in a piece of metal can leave their atoms and move
about in the metal as free electrons. The parts of the metal atoms left behind
are now positively charged metal ions. When the free electrons absorb heat
energy, they move much faster. As they move through the metal, free electrons
crash into metal ions.
Observe the illustration in figure 2 below. Two kids are roasting
marshmallows. Who will burn their hands first, the kid using a wooden stick
or the one holding a metal rod? Why? You will learn more about heat transfer
in our activity and discussion today.

Figure 2: Why does heat travel faster along metal than in glass?

Why does heat travel faster along metal than in glass? In metals (and
minerals and crystals) the atoms are arranged in parallel rows while in glass
they are all mixed up. Metals conduct electricity because some electrons
become detached from atoms and are free to move throughout the metals.
Glass is a very poor heat conductor. It has one of the lowest possible heat
conductions a solid (without air trapped in it) can possibly have, this is mostly
due to its lack of ordered crystal structure. Since it's an insulator, the
electronic contribution to the thermal conductivity is very small.

Convection in Fluids

Heat can be transferred in liquids or gases by convection. Liquids and

gases are fluids because they can be made to flow. The particles in these fluids
can move from place to place. Convection occurs when particles with a lot of
heat energy in a liquid or gas move and take the place of particles with less
heat energy.
 Figure 3: Heat Transfer in boiling water

http://www.mpsaz.org/stapley/staff/kmhigginboth/earths-interiorchemical-layers/

Look at the figure above. How does heat transfer occur in boiling water?
The water particles at the bottom of the pot are hotter than the particles at
the top. Hot water molecule is less dense so it rises while cold water molecule
which is denser sinks. The movement of particles continues until all particles
are heated. The continuous rising of hot particles and sinking of cold particles
create convection current in water.

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1: I Can feel It!

Objectives:
1. Observe the heat transfer between the source and the heated object.
2. Identify the method of heat transfer.
3. Explain how heat transfer occur.
Materials: Matchstick, candle, metal spoon or metal rod
Precautionary Measures:
1. Be careful in handling hot objects.
2. Do not play with fire.
3. Tie back long hair.
4. Put away flammable objects.

Procedure:
1. Hold the metal spoon and feel its temperature.
2. Light the candle.
3. Put one end of the metal spoon in contact with the flame while holding the
other end
4. Observe what happens.
5. After a few minutes feel the middle part of the spoon.
Guide Questions:
1. What is the source of heat?
2. How will you describe the temperature of the metal spoon before placing it
on the flame?
3. What happens when you place the metal spoon on the flame?
4. What method of heat transfer occurs?
5. How does heat transfer from the flame to the metal spoon?
6. Illustrate or draw your set-up. Then, draw an arrow to show the transfer of
heat.

Activity 2: Is It Conduction or Convection?

Objective:
Identify transfer of heat using pictures.

Materials: Pictures
Direction: Identify heat transfer shown in each picture.

Closure: Conduction is the transfer of heat from one substance to another

by direct contact. Convection is a transfer of heat through a fluid (liquid or
gas) caused by a molecular motion.
 Activity 3: Comparing Conduction and Convection
Objective

At the end of the activity, students should be able to explain and

compare how conduction and convection occur.

Direction:

Read the paragraphs below, then fill up the VENN diagram that
should contain the differences and the similarities of conduction and
convection.

Energy is transferred by direct contact in conduction. In this process

heat flows from the hot end to the cold end of solids. In this process the
particle which is heated first gives a part of its energy to the adjacent particles.
Thus, no particle leaves its place yet heat is transmitted to all other particles
of the medium. Metals and other sides are heated by this process.

The process by which heat is transmitted through a substance from one

point to another due to the actual bodily movement of the heated particles of
the substance is called convection. In this mode of heat flow the constituent
particles of the substance absorb heat and leave their place to get displaced.
Liquids and gases are heated by the process convection. When we heat a
liquid, the particles absorbing heat get lighter and move upwards and other
particles being colder and heavier take the place of the lighter particles. This
transportation takes place in curved and circular paths known as convection
current.

CONDUCTION versus CONVECTION

 WRAP-UP

A. To summarize what you have learned today, complete the statements

by filling in the blanks with a correct answer using the words found on the
box below.

insulators convection heat transfer metals conduction

Heat can be transferred in three ways- through conduction, convection

and radiation; but this module focused on the first two ways.
(1) ____________ takes place between objects that are in direct contact
with each other. (2) ____________ is a heat transfer between fluids such as
liquids and gases. Warm particles rise and cold particles sink.
Different materials have different heat conductivities. (3) _________ are
good conductors of heat since they absorb heat faster. Materials which do not
absorb heat easily are good (4) _____________like wood, rubber and cloth. As a
student, you must be informed that energy generation, movement of
lithosphere and air, and life on earth are possible because of (5) _____________.
It is also useful in doing some tasks like cooking, drying and ironing of clothes,
air conditioning of rooms and other activities.

VALUING
In what ways are heat transfer useful to us? Cite some practical
applications of heat transfer. How will you apply your knowledge about heat
transfer in your daily life?
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________.
 POST TEST

Write TRUE if the statement is correct and write FALSE if the statement
is wrong.
TRUE OR FALSE
1. Conduction takes place between objects that are in
direct contact with each other. The energy is
transferred through particles that are close with each
other.
2. Different materials have equal heat conductivities.
3. Conduction occurs when materials with different
temperature touch each other and energy directly
transfers from the hotter object to the colder object at
the point of contact.
4. Convection occurs when particles with a lot of heat
energy in a liquid or gas move and take the place of
particles with less heat energy.
5. Energy generation, movement of lithosphere and air,
and life on earth are possible because of heat transfer.
Heat transfer is also useful in doing some tasks like
cooking, drying and ironing of clothes, air conditioning
of rooms and other activities.

KEY TO CORRECTION

convection 5. true 5. heat transfer 5. gas 5. 5. D

conduction 4. true 4. insulators 4. liquid 4. 4. D
convection 3. true 3. metals 3. increase 3. 3. D
conduction 2. false 2. convection 2. thermal 2. 2. A
conduction 1. true 1. conduction 1. temperature 1. 1. C
Activity 2 POSTTEST WRAP UP Recap PRETEST
References
Book
• Asuncion, A. et al (2017). Heat Transfer. Science Learner’s Material 7.
DepEd-BLR, DepEd Complex. Meralco Avenue, Pasig City. FEP Printing
Corporation. Pages 243-257

• E. Madriaga, et. al. Heat Transfer. Science Links. pages 250-257

• Pavico, et. al. Heat Transfer. Exploring Life Through Science 7.
pages 247-256

Electronic Sources
1. Three Ways of Transferring heat Energy
https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/750-heat-energy
2. Conduction, Convection, and Radiation

https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zr7j382/revision/3

3. Diagram Showing Convection Process

https://www.dreamstime.com/diagram-showing-convection-process-diagram-
showing-convection-process-illustration-image158742532

4. Heat Transfer Methods

https://www.researchgate.net/figure/NASA-Highlights-How-all-3-Heat-Transfer-
Methods-conduction-convection-and-radiation_fig35_318562143

5. http://www.mpsaz.org/stapley/staff/kmhigginboth/earths-interiorchemical-
layers/