— TORTS — @ Se0G—% Qd na VA meorn} by Sao - + Araud | Trerban - FBSe Imboison word toher Aemeene AnfenRonay Pouches you We Nenm needh oo be dove. HarnmQud Tene Wing or OBRensrve Weuehimg Cum and mus) + THERESE —> - when romeone RUSS! wn youn GET oven 3g ce crore ner She defendant it ve /ahe aulipored Bo be Stee. A wet "Ne need & dom aye .Po cara nesam es staal nese ren ene ater EC _ DILL aS ® + Folae Kmbsisonmen® —> +e Ghoeck 0 Qnce om ane \MegaGy Wedd by audhorrsier, Ex RermBing a gun aS Aomeone ond rayne‘ wrese , 1729 shoo.” Qy Whe SG mow can due an Bont 7 dm) SEQERIGIME 8k fhe penen ule Vrok RRQRUAQEAIY Ste Bam [S52], eR aus and fhe one who ib dued in She count Ra near Sos am nam C een peuens have She caleacity Be me amd Be be sued in Somt "7. — > Key Diggin — PCiviQ Wesreng —_ TA AYO corona va a Nprivede mona = he Aniuned ban dys memedy Na Bo Bue She ARC eater aa damage. i | J * PxriwGe wemena om Lavo 7 We lpmwabe Sow overwSs neds onaliilo among AR zen. = RubSic woreng orm Law —» Govern bls \mdividucds 2) Tyla of AAQ Wrong — Bre neLaBon ship and Be shode - + rot + Rowach 06 Confmact. + Breach og Toust.~ HH RUD Le temerar one VicdeSions c@ Public Sights and dues god adbect Bhe cone com mum By, MEME Wer any purlere of o cA coun® va fe @inaner - | 2B comlpenr abe Se Argued Panky. FP Feobunes og i509 Taiod So + Evidence L_, wwe WMOAMB GZ 2 have ge fpreduce she evidences Bo Ho SeGerdori cawed the Amun, TT We WhaM PG can cal itnese Bo Posdigy ard Wrforeduce. Phvtrced) Damage. — THE PSAP musk convince Bre Awry hed BegendonY caured She hao. we Win Veuve of eon GTS os esere tat ee een > Rado ondenance eR He Bidence cannes 7 re Belendomb can Crodh Que die ‘parm gg, Berming, Syaei Aha fhe Perm hOQ 5 acd 09 5 meslponarble Bo dhe hos m. P Carmina Wereng © Cormned Lomengn axe beovions Shad (Rasa (BSEOMYMONTENEWEME rede Man one Ymdwiducd. cox anfay MpeciGreaidy. TR epime SB om ack ara Qeiune Be act, Bn VihiGed docledy's nudes. ee Panhl wa Goud. Runiymen®s => Knconcernofion , © s-ned Res B Raion » Comm we , & penniee@ Fe Got’ oStommens Qactecute , on Qe chon ge agoriast, ceimined delendantt on Wane Sh&de «Qo xy2 VN. KX * We Commonwendth U. Xx + Reclpde vi X EBD WN eBan Com moh Qerce Bne rsheGe Re Prorecufe Hhe romadoing .Faw Liabi tidy ® CTerexpard ) » Taxelpas = 32 Loma , Repos, en fe Freedom. on rahe Bo moyemerwd CrGinging Be lesbos, igi he @reedlom of movement) - eo mecd ch Be prove Samages — TRAE IS Pan — = “false imbotseh ment T omheg, one liens unteada WA eron Biarle in Rood Qon wraudt , battery, or Qllre Amboeiion— mew U0 RB nce oO MRESEREEE, Wn head pBhey wink be ordered Ro ENRGUNSEREET BN 0 ten, » WR An 0% mea hysico® conta ob . BR Wm Bork an otauk eccurrs ahen a Renton avpmelnends vmmedicd&e ond uma contack. QD Mayr cab MS — I An ocd on conduct uric coreates lem ant ee ey ABNER — od rt steanomakSy, beDieve AB She deQen dork ' comduct os hat on hamiliate him, Dv2) 39 OF Vemmninmemt Waren: — The vickim's lean mut be a dinect mrerlome fe a ghnedt Yo VU imminent. Example — oinding of Leaded Gun 7 Battery, — AH Comridened od next stage of Assault ~ Ne need 0@ ndery . SS requiem eri 3 rroleing Chasi cad conBact ducing or afer She alppre heion Qi Arad. > Errentialy _ 47 Ddinec® on Trdinedt Physical — confack wi dhout LaQul Turtisdiction, 2a Ure of Fence. % IF mst be inPerdional- Eg- Thacwing Boned on Lomeone ) ~ Spi Sting en Someone. % Tord Qearen — Lomong door » False Tmbrinonm ed 4 UndawcQul restora 02 a Peron estich nerkoieds Dro Yorron's Qneedem Q Movement. — No need of Physically men rcinment-2 @DRRERNER RK Trebet fe Ste Povron —— Ay Consent” — Conret may be given exprenty om impiiedty- 29 Neconidy: — & TH usar necotany fo act mthe way he did. F3- Saving Someone by grabbing width force from hiding rem remelting om by a cam on soa. — Somedting which is need of She hour Br (SeMQ Defence “Tn - delence 0@ others Ro Tres pers do Geods /chattely 00 Pnivate — Peeper _ — An mBenMono® Wwherderence with fhe Custermion o¢ Rermoned Probe - —- caudng nur. dy Lack 0 Consent — > Trebon 0 Cremely ACER fore ner BEE kemenhy (29 Acdud Hom BEE nH onadi Og et ceaoe® % erbars Re clhaMeols ByPreailty abies Bo Ramgible Prelbedy amd allows orenens of such Rreberdy fo rece nelieg when H Ghind asdy \mfentionay \nfergenes on informed Ses Nn he omnes Rortosion og Ws Certonal Puberty. Seti? cam be ob minen as ¢ Reouching ” on meving? . > Remedier A+ (GBRSEMERMER Con damages Qe es Ang mmdividual whe uiShoud JaeQul indi Gcation ddlpsiver akeren of bir goed by deMvering hewn do someone Bare Ro change she Forrertion As quidhy Gx Convession 2) “Ueda Be Landen Uma u Phosivedk 2 Land . LatterrQesrence ih a Rerron's Ranrertion > There bos do be NRUREW . — Bi ~repawn Py wrong Ql emits» Bs sremoining on Bhe Land B wy Basing Pinas on She LandsTORTS No -FAYLT LTABTETTY | . * Mewtad eee Ve Aandevant ; Mabididy anines even thot SAB wrong ntewion a meghigence on Rant R tre Delendad . D Brice Liabi Qi dy 29 Absolute babidi dy ee eres > ‘Stoichemmeutiy |, cemmmanttmms 4 Non - naduncd ure o@ Land. 2> Some amgesiour Bhing has been brought fe #he Land. 39 Ercabe — “ cut 0G Conk” and net dealing leh Premines ondy. 49 The Bawaged caurel should be forereeable by Phe Defendant. 4) Force mayerre / Act of trod 27 Pain diGy's oon Fads 27 WrengQd sdk af Smt Far 47 Reda eg Pas Sor Authority 51 Now Qi Jrgunia> Absolute Liabi di dy ——_ Ht Sdeick Liabifidy - Exceptions = Abrolude RiabiLity @deences) ATW. Waid, skandesh ha been Vaid doon Tedio in by Bhe ec og Mc. Mehta VU. 0 OT Cafe PeSsickeum ger Reak cape(ores an Se area Ceara | ats @ of, Forts Tons have CGAL AGED ow a ee a 6 DeGendard 2 Verdin GR azURIE! = 2 The among oem 75 the AlainbiGl 3? Tnevita ble Neidet > 4) Deimretemeades S Paivade Deters So Ren » Wesexidy 8? Sieber NP DY UB Velerdi men G6 injunia — (amen) G In 6 cate a pedton when a pexton GV WS consent + fo an od paver tohen he mows Hed if'00 Lead him ingunedl — do he canthjany damages , caused by the other Parton. BP Plambide the Lonongcloes Gy Thee i+ apes P CART _ ea mom an Tmmonad (ener eBIAEtiS Cathe »no action A 6 the basis of Ke action ty the Minky \or?? 1 am unlalud contract , Shem he’20 nof succeed in his achHont » enh hell con lines altose ete damages.@ B Trevitable Accidert * Accidert means an unexpected injury and: ig the Gwe aceiderd could nof® have been stopped on avoided ' apite of Pahing at due care and pnecautiond on tho part ff be delondayd , hen we Out 18 om inevibable ccciderd : GBA of God G, whem nofural Fomces play Dphein oe and causes damage - Bx Heavy Raina) , SPonms Tides Be. * There mus be an exdsraesdi ocewmence cand nof the one which coudd be anbicipeted ard guanded against eororabdly. GH Prive DdeGence CselE Defence (neaewabie > Gan haw has given Permission #2 prefect one’s Life and facperdy and Gm thet , 19 har alowed the ured of WRENRABMANNAEREED fo Protect himsel and his Pooperdy . WD The use off lence Ii Cured gms AN TEMES. | Were should be an immingnl Thoeal fo a berron's Life on ae forty. % Rearomoble Defences under te fe Plan. uu, Pixing C Broken Gloss Pieces ; a ~ feepirg a Fence Began in 0WH Mistake | sche Aidahe 26 Lax _— Net Ex cusable — Lxcusable ™ Tn both condidi m5 sn0 delence iS available % Somebimes He defence Cre deperds on bo the Deédenclart. '& available umden the mishate of Fach. Carte to Cue). w the misbahe a Fach canbe used as a dence due fo WMCRIMREy ah one of dhe imp. eventiah. # the mistake of Fac¥ mut be honed and seasonable Ww Nec ex Fy G Z@ anacd is done to preverd gnecten hanm 5 even Phough dhe ach (20 done intemdionaMy , 15 nof actionable and 4eves ob a gant defence ty Tn necesidy y the jngliction of hesm is uben an innocond coherea> incare og Privete Defente the MainhY is himsdle a trengaloer. 27 In mecMidy , Ihe harm i+ dene inden tionally wheres jn ase Lam jnevitdabJe accidert the harm i3 caused jv abide ef waking all te elferts & avoid 34. Eg. Pafaming om chenation of an unconscion fabio jus ce fave Wik bite 1s purdifited.@ D SPettong Authonidy 7 TQ am act is audtonized by any each om stofue » Phen id cd iS mot acdienable even if iF could comBidde a Pond thenwise. — Lb ik a complede Defense. = Lmmumiby ander Gtadubooy aubhorridy i& no given only fom Bee harm dhich i& obvieus bb alo Gas fhe perm which i+ incidental . aVECARTOOS ® leetem rachel (aslo a Gigoreais)) A Vicarious Liabi Didy TIndi'necd Liabi bi dy [oa >Qoing Onong Tnolinecthy Phiable fos o -Tarup cae 49 27g Employee ? In Lay men “Terms —_ 9 Vices ous Liabii by '% Geb where the masten 5 Diahle Gr She PHD his servant, Phincifad fom his ager, Partner fx amcther hotine ard an empleyen % an, employee . Examble a! L— WNegfi i igence of Dai ver empLe J by A. oS) s 8 > Oma RD aDions in which Vicamioud LiabiDidy Anisen * Com\pomy & 184 Dinecors. ° Ovoner and Trdeberdent Confracton. Ao Morten Liable fon Tonos by Sewant _ —=z,. 2 Scenanion A? Tn a Marhen- Sernvord Reastionship » the marPen employs Fhe services of Phe Senvard, and he wonks on Phe command of marten amd thus a special sieladion existd bho the 2 ard in acote Co Tord committed by Phe Sewart, hid master is lhe Diable. e.TO.-ChettteD — Vorop andy @ ae eed By There ane meny case in which court held Ha maifer alto Diable Qn dre Wrong done by his on here terwernd coz tHe eae a ghee capici fy. Patercs 0 The Liabi iby of Ste mower is darth on She Oda-ds eo Most md 49 Qui Facid tom aLium Facid por se — ‘ crete Pango another ;achs Lor himself * TH means theft barton then the Lima , 2) REI Berclacmbomsapscras ere Fe mostan answer! shemeven a Parton gobs something done by amothen peuon 5 viewed fo be doing 4 Auch an act — 7 Spevion it Viable il an ack is done 54 ingerion on Bu bord - j nates : oF har commited am ace hich amourds fo a ~ Sich a Potions ach is commited by He Servard duning dhe Course of his employment umcen dhe medten. PTAs Fon Tdetiluing Mosher & Servant, 29 Hise and Fine Tat » check -Serwat secdeva “ee Oo Oley aE 29 Dinection and Cudrok Teh igo tins Gan arodiin Perron.> HM Condradt 02 Bewice — @ Noh by wi te WH Contract gs Senvice —_ ¢ soe) By Phe con wilh | 2 fsceet OF SompertP “= bhen Basen ck ithe cated ceed arin eee Te dren Commi Fs @ a Fraud , the marten would be Diable Ger She same, t= Case Law 2 Masel Va Onace Snile & Co eee ae yma Scr Cerred ae Aer ed Pealls goods erSousts Bo his maiten, the martes is Qiabe Bo Phe Phain R06. » Mistake by Sewent___ A bken o Serva | acting on beh of his marten, makes a mittake , causing Sears do dte Phan dill , He marten wll be Piab fe Br PL sane, > Neghig ence of Servant (— Ze @ Senvand ants megdigenthy in de beleimance af his Abies on a plags sech les behoviouh 5 Sheneby causing Lass to ble Lt ge ee be Riabhe 60 Se same. » lAnorg AL de beg Sins 28 Dushies ——5 5) 90) > Non - Liab i Diby 0h tte Masher fen He ache oy dhe Sewend eee occ eee Yer» /Demaze arises withord the achuad Quts Sr Reewkedge of gre Mod en, ESD Coon JY sae Cnt Onales @. 29 The sewardt doer Bre act indefionce 0 expres prohibi thion end (Pte Taat is ed uide #0) me 06 EmbVoyment. WH BPaiF Ligh; Didy ———— => Vicarious Lia bj 9 ay of She in Trdia __ There At ne nBobuBeny Provision neaerdivg, Bre aN og Be Stabe on Sadia; However AMMEN Sh. Condi d- wien \provided lon sre (GNSSMA Lrcr 6uS PROSRCUTLON > Melicior — Bid inferior Poorecubion nial iS OA Gudici ad proceeding inrtiduted by one person againsd ano fher, Grom wrengduf on improper modive ard widhowt prebable cause a) rwsferin BiB & madichous Prorecufion. Essentials — + Improper Modive © LM intention ~Tadiciad Pow ceeding Cearcles) - Defendant mush suffer tte Damages. + No PaebabQe Cause This Fox involves 2 Seperate Proceedings :— 2 there the Plaindilf rer Re He ckferdan’ wrongly. 29 there he DeGondarst aims cheroges from He pRindil fon cosemgly auing him, WH An inguiny by 0 Rice cbliciaD cut ba Formed os Pratecution . + Madice 1s nod juiba Cabling Li wi on sfestat St Shi oi o Vengence dowands He pLaindi YQ key ted —b—meny # Prosecution mos? Ber mindted tn Favour Ha Plain Sl Ofirdend) > Ty Pes of MoDicious Prosecution 1L> Med. Pros. im Cri Proceeding . ee) m » Corimined Proceed ng .© 2>MaQ. nor. in CiviQ Pao. \> x6 tar beom hele! by the coun Shab madi cious in rbifution BR CML Suid in nocd mah acdionable. 29 Te Criminal Pro. S Malicious insdidution of a Cximinad Proceeding is aadon— able, Farerhialh og Domages cs damage do a bertons Bi fe , Dimb om Dibenty - » Damage fe penton s Game on Rebutetion 3? Doma ge doo hia Prepersy » Mone ancl Occupation « Tn cares of Prorecution which involves some rcandal aboD Phe characte Ba Peuon , damage fo his sepudation is oe eee a pusvedsaeOn Cas @ OF 'NUTSANCE ( Ty fe of Tot | mens — Disturbance (Omi gin: ee ncn Neen nn cel niect onesie! annoy” FAA penton in possesion of « Probeuly 14 erditled Jo its undistun~ bed engog ment ay per Law. PB riisonce is descnibed os wnSaw fu Interference vith a herons Be Ory meré) of Lard wh of, Aame sight over. on in Commection isidh if. » EsserdiaDs ds Oxo nghud Ach — infnin gemerd- er of fhe ano Phen’ Hog eb) oi ghta- 2 oor ce et) steal ee ame Phen individu 3 8 al. > “Ty Pes do PabRia Nursonce Tert — po pociely ot ange , 29 Pawode 5 6 = te om mdlivicdual. P.T-O.(2) > Pub onaisameey SA pubic nuisance iA am unreasonable 5 unoantanfed , on —_ wnlargud iPerlenence wibh a night common do general pub, + * Examples can be- Obsdrucding a RubLic way - = Corvying on Parade which cawe an | OGermsive Ame. ™ Every body has a sight do feacef.2 Envisronmer# - => RD of Pb. nui. — 7A person mush have dome am ach ox an jHlega9 omission. Sieh am act an Omission muxt caute any commen Ingeny 4 Fe public on do tte penple Im genera ‘ Phe property PB A viel nity. danger on amneyance db he cles ee? an occupy > Cages — “ . is must shew the exi Ponce 08 any fertonad Innguig eahich ia i ghen degree tam ble nest of He hblre. + ich am indiny hel Se be dimect and nat jul) a coms eqeonhial inguny. © The injury enub® be stewon fo have a huge effet. Ht The civil wid @ of His heat 1 ukco Memon clon ae...) He condi dion of do Prove Damages. , wm CoS » ables civil aodion without fhe preeh SpeciaI Damage . IP (& achonabl Pen re |tA muisance Pinfenfers with Phe sighh GB a specific peuon oO" endidy, Td is condidered a paivate nuisance . £5 > A neighbour negulerdy plays his music ad the ma cman volume pomible Qatte oot nigh? . The Stemedy in om acdion fon Private nuisance is a civil acdion br damages 0” an infuncdion on both and not an _Waiebwed). / CD) > Exsenbialy __ ~~ Fn care 6 Privade Nuisance —_ “The Plainbil 14 the cxone af the and 07 has Fhe sight to hoses sg. * The defendant Diferaly acted Ina 24 Phd inFenfors isi Bh the plain bifi's Ordeymert and use of bis oy hex prcpou. "TM defendant's intenlenemce sab substardiad and umesopenali ve. 5) Kinds 06 Privebe NuiSance — 1) Damage To Property 29 Physical Discomfost Here Mindi must Prove inFeren ene eith bib enjeymerd of Land