Mindanao State University – General Santos City

College of Agriculture
Agricultural Engineering Licensure Examination Review Class 2011

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Pre-Board Examination

June 4, 2011
8:00 – 12:00 AM

PART I: Farm Mechanization, Farm Power, Farm Machinery and Equipment, and Allied Subjects

1. Types of guards designed to prevent contact with the moving parts by a person and/or clothing.
a. Shield b. cover c. casing d. enclosure e. aota

2. Compute the power generated by a multi-blade windmill with a rotor diameter of 6.0 m. The average
wind velocity is 10.95 m/s. Energy conversion efficiency is 29.95% and power coefficient is 0.15.
Assume density of air is 1.2 kg/m3.
a. 0.8 kW b. 1.0 kW c. 1.2 kW d. 1.5 kW e. 2.0 kW

3. This must be high enough in order to self-ignite the air-fuel mixture in a diesel engine.
a. compression temperature b. intake pressure c. valve compression
d. engine pressure e. fuel temperature

4. The greatest heat loss for a 4-stroke cycle, spark ignition engine with a thermal efficiency of 23% is
attributed to:
a. cooling system b. exhaust gases c. friction
d. internal convection e. wall absorption

5. What is Figure 1?
a. roll-over protective structure symbol b. slow-moving vehicle emblem c. safety-at-work
insignia
d. sharp edges and rotating parts warning symbol e. no parking sign

6. During a certain period in a certain place where business is limited only to selling meat, the rate of
turnover of money is 147 and the total volume of sales is 2,450 kg. If the selling price of meat per
kilogram is P120, how much currency is in circulation under the quantity theory of money?
a. P500 b. P1,000 c. P1,500 d. P2,000 e. P2,500

7. What are the potential benefits from mechanization?

a. Increased cropping intensity and production b. increased productivity of labor
c. reduction of losses d. a and c e. aota

8. The lever-operated manual knapsack sprayer methods of test is found in:

a. PAES 113:2000 b. PAES 112:2000 c. PAES 113:2001
d. PAES 115:2000 e. PAES 106:2000

9. Which is not a characteristic of a manager?

a. Politician b. must balance competing goals c. mediator
d. makes decisions difficult e. conceptual thinker

10. It is the ratio of the weight of the shelled kernels collected at the main outlet, to the total weight of the
kernel input of the sheller, expressed in percent.
a. shelling recovery b. shelling loss c. purity d. shelling efficiency e.
shelling returns

For questions 11-13

A forage chopper will be driven by a 5-hp diesel engine through a V-belt drive. The 10-in-diameter
engine has a linear speed of 78.54 fps, while the required speed of the equipment is 650rpm.
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11. Find the diameter of the driven pulley.
a. 27.69 in b. 29.67 in c. 26.79 in d. 27.96 in e. 26.97 in

12. If the length of the belt is 121.78 inches, find the center-to-center distance between the two pulleys.
a. 20in. b. 35 in. c. 40 in. d. 25 in. e. 30 in.

13. If the adjusted rated horsepower is 7.25 hp and the service factor is 1.4, find the number of belt(s).
a. 5 b. 4 c. 3 d. 2 e. 1

14. The following are the reasons why mechanization is a difficult problem in less developed countries,
except:
a. social system b. small farm size c. resistance to change of some farmers
d. land conservation programs e. government implementation

15. Draft of plows is primarily determined by the:

a. type of soil b. speed of plowing c. sharpness of cutting edge
d. overall adjustment of plow e. power
16. What is the chicken population of a poultry house producing a slurry volume of 700L for biogas
production? Mixing ratio (dung to water) is 1:3 and daily dung production is 0.18 kg per chicken.
a. approx. 1300 b. approx. 500 c. approx. 975 d. approx. 800 e.
approx. 1945

17. Which statement is not true?

a. Metal with high fusibility are usually high in weldability.
b. Toughness is the ability of a material to withstand bending and twisting.
c. Grain size is directly related to strength.
d. Malleability is the capability of a material to resist being shaped and formed.
e. If a material could be drawn into thin wires without breaking, then it is ductile.

18. When did Philippines adopted the metric system?

a. January 1, 1980 b. January 1, 1981 c. January 1, 1982 d. January 1, 1983
e. nota

19. ____(X)_____ is a market situation that exists when there are few suppliers of a product or service that
the action by one results in _____(Y)_____ action by the others.
a. X = Perfect Competition; Y = indefinite b. X = Monopoly; Y = Opposite
c. X = Monopoly; Y = Similar d. X = Oligopoly; Y = Similar e. lX =
Oligopoly; Y = Opposite

20. Compute the crankshaft rear axle speed ratio required to give travel speed of 15 mph for a tractor having
an engine speed of 2,000 rpm and rear wheel that are 46 inch in diameter.
a. 18.24 b. 109.70 c. 25.21 d. 28.79 e. nota

21. Which does not belong to the group?

a. Ericson engine b. Stirling engine c. Wankle engine d. Rankine engine e. nota

22. These rely on the illumination-spectrum intensity coming from the sun.
a. thermal or heat-based applications b. greenhouse applications c. photovoltaic applications
d. solar pond principle e. aota

For questions 23-25

A 5-m self-propelled combine, running at 5.2 kph, stops for 4.2 minutes whenever it unloads its 3-ton
grain tank. Turning on the headlands at the end of the 500-m field takes 12 seconds.

23. If the gross yield for the 25-ha field is 55 tons, how long will it actually take to finish the entire
operation?
a. 9.96 hrs b. 10.56 hrs c. 12.56 hrs d. 11.23 hrs e.
13.42 hrs

24. What is the field efficiency?

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 a. 78% b. 86% c. 91% d. 89% e. 72%

25. Find the effective field efficiency.

a. 1.86 ha/hr b. 2.23 ha/hr c. 1.99 ha/hr d. 2.51 ha/hr e. 2.37 ha/hr

26. The following are methods of reducing risks in agriculture, except:

a. Insurance b. flexibility c. future contract d. aggregation e. liquidity

27. The following are the characteristics of diesel engine compared to gasoline engine, except:
a. higher fuel – utilization efficiency b. higher fuel consumption c. higher
compression ratio
d. higher air-fuel ratio e. higher initial cost

28. A businessman needs an immediate cash of P80,000. He may borrow from any of five possible lenders.
The first charges an effective interest rate of 10.5%, the second at 9.6% (discounted), and the third at
10.4% compounded semiannually. The fourth will require him to pay a lump sum of P90,000 after one
year, while the fifth will be twelve equal end-of-the-month payments of P7,500.00. Which is the best
offer?
a. 1st b. 2nd c. 3rd d. 4th e. 5th

29. Among the following statements, which demonstrates efficiency in operations?

i. Reducing the number of workers while the maintaining the same target yield.
ii. Increasing the number of workers while maintaining the same target yield.
iii. Increasing the target yield and maintaining the number of workers.
iv. Reducing the number of workers and reducing the target yield.
v. Increasing the number of workers and increasing the target yield.

a. i only b. i, iii c. i, iii, v d. iii, iv e. ii, iv

30. A 2-in-diameter steel shaft rotates at 240 rpm. If the shearing stress is limited to 12 ksi, determine the
maximum horsepower that can be transmitted.
a. 87.1 hp b. 71.8 hp c. 81.7 hp d. 78.1 hp e. 88.7 hp

31. The application rate of a granular broadcast spreader is 4500 kg/ha, applying 0.8 ton of manure per 750-
m distance. What is the swath of the equipment?
a. 3.72 m b. 7.32 m c. 2.37 m d. 3.27 m e. 2.73 m
32. It is an indicator of the amount of fuel in a furnace that is converted into ash.
a. burning efficiency b. thermal efficiency c. latent heat d. heat utilization efficiency e. nota

For questions 33-34

Sugarcane harvesters are used to harvest 10,000 hectares of sugarcane under the following conditions:
Harvester speed 5 kph
Row spacing of sugarcane 1.5 m
Field efficiency 75%
No. of working days per month 24
Ave. no of milling months 5
Working time 7:00-4:00, with 1-hr break

33. Calculate the total area harvested by 1 unit per season.

a. 720 b. 585 c. 660 d. 540 e. 480

34. Calculate the number of units required.

a. 26 b. 27 c. 28 d. 29 e. 30

35. When viewed in front, tractor tires must be mounted with the V-pattern pointing in what direction?
a. Sideward b. upward c. downward d. backward e. aota

36. In any machine or structural member under an axial load, there are both tensile (and compressive) and
shearing stresses on any plane oblique to the load. On such an oblique plane, the tensile or compressive

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 stress normal to the oblique plane is less than what it is on a plane normal to the axis of the piece, while
the shearing stress is greater. What angle on the plane does the shearing stress is a maximum?
a. 30O with the axis b. 45O with the axis c. 60O with the axis d. 90O with the axis e. 120O with
the axis

37. Tires can be partially filled with water to improve traction.

a. Wheelbase b. rollover c. drawbar d. ballast e. weight transfer

38. The mechanical function of the planter does not include:

a. sorting the seeds b. metering the seeds c. depositing the seeds
d. covering the seeds e. nota

39. A process by which a farm manager looks ahead to the future and contemplates alternative courses of
action for the farm.
a. farm budgeting b. farm planning c. farming
d. farm management e. farm planning and budgeting

40. A tandem-type disc harrow has a width of cut of 5.0 m, with each disc measuring 620 mm in diameter.
If the spacing between discs is 280 mm, how many discs are there in the harrow?
a. 16 b. 20 c. 24 d. 32 e. 36

41. The Philippine Government has devised a plan on the development of the use of biofuels and renewable
energy sources, also known as the BiGSHOW, where Bi stands for Biofuels/ Biomass, G for
Geothermal, S for Solar, H for hydroelectric, O for ocean. What does W represents?
a. Water b. wind c. waste d. wastewater e. wells

42. A company purchases an asset for P10,000.00 and plans to keep it for 20 years. If the salvage value is
zero at the end of the 20th year, what is the depreciation in the 3rd year by SYD method?
a. P875.14 b. P785.41 c. P857.14 d. P758.14 e. P784.41

43. Which is true about V-belt and pulley drive?

a. It can not be used for long center distance drive.
b. Efficiency drops with small pulley size.
c. Its application is limited only for parallel drive.
d. Excessive high load increases efficiency.
e. It is not prone to elongation.

44. A designer has a choice between gray iron and aluminum for an instrument mounting in a power plant.
Either material would serve equally well under the same conditions of use. The per-kilogram cost of
aluminum and gray iron is P650 and P430, respectively. Each casting made of aluminum would cost
P315 to machine while the corresponding cost for the gray iron would be P276. The casting made of
aluminum would weigh 0.59 kg while that of the iron would be 1.09 kg. The cost per piece of aluminum
casting is closest to:
a. P744.70 b. P698.50 c. P564.85 d. P825.30 e. P584.50

45. The penstock of a dam has a diameter of 2.0 m. If water of velocity 5 m/s passes through the penstock,
what must be the power generated in the turbine located 15 m below. Turbine efficiency is 75%.
a. 1733.57 kW b. 1377.75 kW c. 1573.37 kW d. 1333.75 kW
e. 1777.53 kW

46. Draft of disc harrows increases and penetration __________ with speed.
a. remains the same b. increases c. decreases d. a or b e. nota
47. Find the piston size of a 4-stroke, 4-cylinder engine, given the following:
crankshaft rotation 2500 rpm
mean effective pressure 162 psi
indicated horsepower 125
bore-stroke ratio 1:1.5

a. bore = 3.15”: stroke = 4.72” b. bore = 3.73”: stroke = 5.59” c. bore = 6.30”:
stroke = 9.45”

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 d. bore = 2.49”: stroke = 3.73” e. bore = 7.46”: stroke = 11.18”

48. The following are the functions of lubrication, except:

a. seal between the piston and cylinder wall b. assists in cleaning moving parts
c. compliment for the cooling system d. reduces wear and tear e. nota

49. The maximum horizontal projection of a tool in the soil perpendicular to the line of motion.
a. tool width b. tool clearance c. tool operating width d. tool orientation e. tool
overlap

For questions 50-52

Upon starting its engine, a vehicle was observed to exhaust bluish white gas. More, engine revolution
was not smooth and there was deficient output.

50. Which is a probable cause for the unsmooth engine revolution?

a. clogged air cleaner b. excessive engine oil c. compression leak
d. fuel with low cetane number e. dust in the water jacket

51. How about for the bluish white exhaust gas?

a. clogged air cleaner b. excessive engine oil c. compression leak
d. fuel with low cetane number e. dust in the water jacket

52. And for the deficient output?

a. clogged air cleaner b. excessive engine oil c. compression leak
d. fuel with low cetane number e. dust in the water jacket

53. Which of the following statements is not a good labor management practice?
a. Taking extra care in directing inexperienced labor.
b. Providing social life and giving out bonuses and profit sharing, to enhance productivity.
c. Doing everything there is to do in order to save the rainy days for resting.
d. Cut chore labor to a minimum. Also, simplify and combine jobs whenever possible.
e. Developing initiative, goodwill, cooperation, and respect.

54. Too little piston clearance will cause:

a. seizing in the cylinder as the engine gets hot b. loss compression
c. loss of oil pumping d. imperfect valve timing e. aota

55. SAE number is an indicator of:

a. fuel utilization efficiency b. maximum tire load c. brake horsepower
d. oil viscosity e. tractive efficiency

56. Running mate consists of two pistons moving at the same time in the _____(X)_____ direction but
performing _____(Y)_____ strokes.
a. X =same; Y = same b. X = opposite; Y = same c. X = same; Y = different
d. X = opposite; Y = different e. a or d

57. The disc harrow specification is found in PAES:

a. 221:2001 b. 120:2001 c. 123:2001 d. 133:2004 e. nota

58. For a 12-liter knapsack sprayer with swath of 1.6 m, nozzle discharge of 1.5 liters/min, and a walking
speed of 18 m/min, compute for the amount of a certain chemical to mix with water per loading.
Application rate is 5kg/ha.
a. 100 grams/load b. 115 grams/load c. 125 grams/load
d. 140 grams/load e. 150 grams/load

59. Part of a planter that is always present in all planters regardless of type and cropping system:
a. furrow opener b. metering device c. seed tube d. furrow closer
e. nota

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60. Determine the efficiency of a 60-V starting system if the maximum power required for cranking the
engine is 10 hp and if the discharge for the battery when the engine is cranked is 250 amperes.
a. 50% b. 40% c. 45% d. 55% e. 60%
61. One of the two times in a year when the sun is farthest from the equator.
a. Equinox b. eclipse c. solstice d. azimuth e. umbra

62. During a cell fill test with sugar beet seed in a horizontal plate planter having a plate with 72 cells on a
167-mm diameter circle, 28.75 grams of undamaged seed and 0.95 grams of damaged (screened) seeds
were collected during 50 revolutions of the ground wheel in 68 sec. A 6.40-gram sample contained 556
seeds. The seed plate has 0.76 revolution for each revolution of the ground wheel.
What is the average percentage of cell fill?
a. 92.4% b. 96.5% c. 94.3% d. 98.2% e. 90.8%

63. Arrange the following according to the process of management.

i. Selecting the right employees for the right position.
ii. Formulation of the mission, vision, goals, objectives and activities of the organization.
iii. Conducting of annual performance evaluation of employees.
iv. Coordinating the employees and material resources of the organization.
v. Orientation of personnel for the proper achievement of goals.

a. I, ii, iii, iv, v b. ii, i, v, iv, iii c. ii, iv, i, v, iii d. ii, iv, i, iii, v
e. aota

64. Which does not describe a corporation?

a. It is subject to fewer legal restrictions than other types of business organization.
b. Its activities are limited to those stated in its charter.
c. It enjoys perpetual life.
d. Ownership is readily transferred.
e. Double taxation.

65. This is the most common cause of short life of lead acid battery. It results when a cell or battery is
permitted to remain in a discharged condition for some length of time such that the lead sulfate hardens
and can not be readily converted to its former state.
a. Carburetion b. deposition c. colloid formation d. sulfation e. rusting

66. The gasoline engine is characterized as:

a. low first cost – high operating cost
b. low first cost – low operating cost
c. high first cost – high operating cost
d. high first cost – low operating cost
e. cannot be determined

67. The thermal efficiency and mechanical efficiency of an engine are 40% and 72%, respectively.
Determine the power equivalent of the fuel used if the brake horsepower is 1.35 hp.
a. 2.0 kW b. 4.0 kW c. 2.5 kW d. 3.5 kW e. 3.0 kW

68. A belt delivers a tangential force of 150 N on a half meter radius pulley at a speed of 380 rev/min. What
will be the power?
a. 2.0 kW b. 2.5 kW c. 3.0 kW d. 3.5 kW e. 4.0 kW

69. Commodity surplus occurs when the selling price is ____(X)____, but equilibrium is attained when the
sellers agree to sell at a price at which _____(Y)_____ are willing to buy.
a. X = High; Y = Vendors b. X = Low; Y = Vendors c. X = Low; Y =
Consumers
d. X = High; Y = Consumers e. b or d

70. For a 4 inches by 4 inches centrifugal pump with discharge of 250 gpm, determine the size of the diesel
engine. Efficiency of the pump is 65%, of the belt transmission is 95%, and of the air-cooled system is
80%. Total head is 30 ft.
a. 2.9 hp b. 3.1 hp c. 3.8 hp d. 2.5 hp e. 3.6 hp

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71. Which pair is mismatched?
a. consumer good – personal effects b. service – housecleaning c. inelastic demand –
food
d. producer good – clothes e. elastic demand – recreation

For questions 72-75

A 1000-hectare farm shall be planted with hybrid corn, with the following operations being mechanized:
Operation No of Passes Maximum Number of Days Required to
Complete Operation
Land Preparation:
Plowing 1 90 days
Harrowing 2 75 days
Planting 1 75 days
Spraying as required
Harvesting 1 90 days

Other information includes:

Width of cut of 3-bottom disc plow 160 cm
Width of cut of disc trailing harrow 220 cm
Corn planters 4-row units
Corn picker-sheller 1-row unit
Plowing, harrowing speed 4 kph
Row spacing 1m
Field efficiency 80%
Planting and harvesting speed 5 kph

72. Estimate the number of tractors needed.

a. 5 b. 6 c. 7 d. 8 e. 9

73. Estimate the number of corn planters.

a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5

74. Estimate the number of picker-sheller.

a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d. 5 e. 6

75. Assuming 100 days of maturity, what is the cycle time in days?
a. 270 b. 229 c. 291 d. 250 e. 212

76. In management, this is doing the right things.

a. Efficiency b. competence c. reliability d. effectiveness
e. worthiness

77. Which illustrates proper anaerobic digestion process?

a. biomass → saccharification → fermentation
b. biomass → liquefaction → saccharification
c. biomass → fermentation → liquefaction
d. biomass → fermentation → saccharification
e. biomass → saccharification → liquefaction

78. White sugar, which sells for P26.50 per kg-pack, can be repacked and sold by a retailer at a variable cost
of P200 per 50kg-sack. If each sack of sugar costs P750 and fixed costs amount to P30,000 per month,
how many sacks of white sugar must the retailer repack and sell each month to break even?
a. 80 sacks b. 70 sacks c. 60 sacks d. 90 sacks e. 50 sacks
79. Which is not a tractor safety measure?
a. Not refueling while the engine is hot.
b. Using counterweight when necessary.
c. Not shifting gears while going down a slope.
d. Keeping the hitches high.
e. Not using the differential lock when turning.

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80. Which does not belong to the group?
a. disc harrow b. field cultivator c. packer d. disc plow e. rotary hoe

81. Ply rating is an indicator of:

a. fuel utilization efficiency b. maximum tire load c. brake horsepower
d. oil viscosity e. tractive efficiency

82. An engine with all intake valves in the cylinder head and all exhaust valves in the cylinder block.
a. L-head b. T-head c. F-head d. I-head e. Nota

83. A machine initially worth P50,000 depreciates in value each year by 20% of its value at the beginning of
that year. Find its book value when it is 9 years old.
a. P6,524.90 b. P6,690.12 c. P6,890.17 d. P6,690.12 e. P6,710.89

84. Identify the parts of the forage chopper in Figure 3.

a. 1 – hopper, 2 – housing assembly, 3 – feeding table, 4 – frame, 5 – prime mover
b. 1 – discharge chute, 2 – frame, 3 – hopper, 4 – housing assembly, 5 – engine
c. 1 – discharge chute, 2 – housing assembly, 3 – feeding table, 4 – frame, 5 – prime mover
d. 1 – hopper, 2 – feeding table, 3 – discharge chute, 4 – frame, 5 – prime mover
e. 1 – hopper, 2 – feeding table, 3 – discharge chute, 4 – frame, 5 – prime mover

85. Which is not included in the markings and labeling of tractors?

a. type and size b. name and address of manufacturer c. parts and components
d. safety markings e. country of manufacture

86. Which pair is mismatched?

a. indirect cooling – water-cooled engine b. spark ignition – gasoline engine
c. Otto cycle – gasoline engine d. constant volume process – diesel engine e. direct cooling –
air-cooled engine

87. It is the theoretical maximum percentage of the kinetic energy of air which a windrotor can convert into
mechanical energy.
a. 39.5% b. 56.9% c. 53.9% d. 35.9% e. 59.3%

88. Which is not a function of the crankcase?

a. oil reservoir b. support for the shafts c. housing for moving parts d. aota
e. nota

89. Based on the following:

edge-drop seed plate diameter 200 mm
number of cells 16
seed spacing 1.39 m

What is the linear speed (in meters per minute) for a corn planter when planting at 8 km/hr?
a. 3.78 b. 7.83 c. 1.37 d. 8.37 e. 7.38

90. Washers are primarily used:

a. to increase friction b. to reduce compressive stress c. to increase bearing surface
d. to tighten bolt-and-nut connection e. to protect connected surfaces

91. Which is not true about chains?

a. Adapted to long or short distances
b. A large reduction of speed can be obtained if desired.
c. Size of sprocket and speed increases with the number of teeth.
d. With a large number of teeth, the angle of rotation will be also large.
e. More or less so slippage and are unaffected by relatively high temperatures.

92. Given the following data for a four-wheel tractor equipped with a three-bottom disk plow:
Mass

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 Tractor, kg 3800
Carried by the front wheel, kg 1600
Carried by the rear wheel, kg 2050
Wheel base, mm 3168
Drawbar dynamometer reading, kg 602
Angle between the horizontal and the
line of draft 15O

Assuming dynamic condition of equilibrium while plowing, calculate the weight (in kg) transferred
from the front wheels if the drawbar clearance is 48 cm from the ground level and the plane 16 cm
horizontally from the soil vertical reactions at the wheels. Neglect other minor forces acting on the
tractor.
a. 92 b. 93 c. 94 d. 95 e. 96

93. Of corresponding size and speed, single-cylinder engines compared to multi-cylinder engines will
require __________ flywheels.
a. Lighter b. thinner c. heavier d. a or b e. nota

94. The windmill for water pumping is characterized as:

a. low torque – high speed b. high torque – high speed c. high torque – low speed
d. low torque – low speed e. b or d

95. If money is worth 8.7% simple interest, how long (in months) from today will the value become
P37,501.50 of a debt of P36,000.50 due 6 months from today?
a. 0 b. 2 c. 4 d. 7 e. 12

96. It is made by partial combustion of carbonaceous substances like coal and wood.
a. natural gas b. propane c. LPG d. producer gas e.
methanol

For questions 97-98

A farmer figured that he needed 8 pieces 2” x 4” x 12’ and 10 pieces 2” x 3” x 12’ lumber to make
tables and chairs for their barangay hall. He availed them from a newly-opened local hardware shop, named
J.E.R. Hardware Supplies, which charges P25 for every board foot of lumber. However, to gain patronage,
the shop gave 15% discount for the first 50 board feet of purchased lumber.

97. How many board feet of lumber is needed for the farmer’s project?
a. 248 b. 156 c. 62 d. 124 e. 168

98. How much did the farmer actually paid for his purchase?
a. approx. 4000 pesos b. approx. 6000 pesos c. approx. 3500 pesos
d. approx. 3000 pesos e. approx. 2000 pesos

99. How many degrees has the crankshaft rotated if the piston has traveled 4.25 cm with respect to its top
dead position in a 3.5” by 5” diesel engine?
a. 60O b. 45O c. 90O d. 75O e. 30O
100. The tractor is generally characterized as:
a. high speed – heavy load b. high speed – light load c. low speed – heavy load
d. low speed – light load e. cannot be determined