S.5 B.O.

T III 2013 BIOLOGY PAPER TWO

TIME:2:30 MIN
INSTRUCTIONS; Answer sectionA plus any two questions from section B.

SECTION A
In a physiological investigation, screened red bloodcells were placed in different
concentrations of aqueous sodium chloride solution. In each case an average total of five
thousand cells were viewed and the total number of haemolysed cells recorded .The
results of this investigation are shown in the table below.

Sodiumchloride 0.33 0.36 0.38 0.39 0.42 0.44 0.48

concentration/g/100ml
Nunmber of cells 4.9 4.5 4.0 3.4 1.5 0.8 0.1
haemolysed x103

(a) (i) Calculate the percentage cells haemolysed at each sodium chloride
concentration.
(ii) Plot a graph to show variation of percentage cells haenolysed with sodium
chloride concentration.
(b) Describe the shape of the graph.
(c) Explain the shape of the graph.
(d) From the graph determinethe sodium chloride concentration.
(i)At which 100% haemolysis occurs
(ii)Isotonic to the red blood cells.(explain your answer)
(e) Suggest what would happen if the red blood cells were placed in sodium chloride
concentration of..
(i) 0.6g/100ml
(ii) 0.1g/100ml
(f) Give reasons why the red blood cells haemolise ove a wide range of salt
concentration.
(g) Criticize a nurse who injects apatient with distilled water instead of medication
for malaria.

SECTION B
2. (a). Compare C-3 and C-4 plants
(b). Comment on the ecological ranges of C-4 plants as compared toC-3 and CAM-
plants

3. Explain how the epithelial tissue is adapted for its functions.

4. (A) How are the following adapted to their modes of life?
(i)Scistoma mansoni
(ii)Ancyclostoma duodenale
(iii)Ascari lumbricoides
(b) Give a brief description of the major types of interspecific associations in nature.
.

END