SPECIFIOLIOW 10G ..1CHORS 13. 16. 23. 2a P.P.C. TREATED VOOUEY POLS SCOPE aR - 49 2O- 11 - 81 REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIES, ORIGIN, STRENGTH, RATE OP CROVTE AND SaPHOOD THICKNESS PROKIBITED DEFECTS LIaT’SD DarEcrs POLE S128 106 aiiorioRs. STUBS PELLING .ND DERSSING HANDLING ND DELIV STLCKING SEASOWING OR CONDITIONING HOISTURD CONTEND RESERV..TLVE IEPREGH:10N REGONSTON OF PRUSERV.SIVE PENEIR.TO# OF PRESERVTIVE INTO THE WOOD RSTREATHENT MARKING OF POLIS sfOR.G3 TNR ESTs PACKING ~ TRuNSPORT.TLON OF POLES sPPENDIX "at DRATHCS i-4009 and «4093 1 PIOUR RIBUITON GNCD WERING UD NISTRAI ‘SRAMLONS JDNINTSY approveds 4th Rovision elon} BTV 10.11.87 WICSL OPata MONS DEP_RTENT1.2. 1.34 8. oe ” RICAN OOD PRESSRVERS ..SSOCL.L7ION) STANDARDS STANDARD 1 - 74 ea PL PB Pg al a3 a5 a6 -15 ~ 65 -14 -14 - 16 -71 ~ 16 - 16 BRITISH STND.RDS BS 144 + 1973 ASTM (.MERICON SOCIETY FOR THSTIG UND M.TARIALS) SfNDARDS AS™ D~ 846 5 1971 «STD — 10368 1973 eR- 4gTREGYED WOODEN POLES L0G ANCHORS AND STUBS 1. Scope This cpecification covers the production and treatment of wood poles, log , anchors and stubs. : 1. Requirements’ for species thickness Qe 0 Poles, stubs and log anchors shall be out from live, and-dénee timber of the" following species originated fYon sho regions indicated reezectively + 2.1.1. “Timber, species and their origin required for poles and stubs Comaon name Botanical name _Origin Black pine PINUS NIGRA Europe * Scots pine PINUS SILVS (RIS surspe Southern. pine : Loblolly PINUS .Da Worth Amorica Longleaf PINUS PALUS!RIS Worth ‘America Shor tleat PINUS RORTs 2 North america Slash PINUS ELLIOTT North America pecios and ired for log anchors c- Demac nae z Origin: Black pine PLUS NIGRa Burope Cephanonia vir ABLUS 2EPHALONICA Greece Soote pine! PLUS SILVESTRIS Burope . Southern pine + Loblolly North imerica Longleaf North America BF Shortloat PINU, ECHIWATA Forth America Slash PINUS BLLIOWTTD Worth America , Beech Barope ee “Hedmebica * Oak QUERCUS Burope - Weamoriica aR - 49°sxoeptionally log anchors of 20cm nominal diameter and 750m length are also eocepted if they are out from live and dense timber of the following addi-' tional species originated from the regions indicated respectively 1 Common name Botanical name Origin Brabia pine PINUS BRUTIA Europe Aleppo pine - PINUS HALEPENSIS Burope 2626 Pieces within each timber species intended to be used as poles or stubs. or log anchors shall be so selected as to ensure the following bending strength. Qn any full size pole or stub or log anchor with defects not exceeding the specified limits, the modulus of rupture at 12% moisture content of wood, as determined according to the cantilever method specified by ASTM STANDARD D 1036-1973, shall be not less than 52 MPa. In case of Brutia or Aleppo pine, the modulus of rupture on any full size log anchor at a moisture content of wood greater than its fibre saturation point (25 ~ 30), i.e. at green condition, shall not be less than 15 MPa. 2.3. Rate of growth In order to satisfy the above strongth requirement, timber pieces of Southern pino, selected for poles or stubs shall have the following rate of growth. The average rate! of growth,.,measured on the butt and along any radius, in the outer 5 om of poles or stubs having a circumference of 95 em or less at 1,80m from the butt, ard in the outer 7,6 cm of poles having a circumference of more than 95 om at 1,80 m from the butt, shall be not less than 2,3 rings per cm. As an exception, poles or stubp with less than 2,3 and below up to 1,6 rings per cn of radius are acceptable if 50% or more summerwood is present. Timber failing to meet this requirement on the butt end may be bored at 1,80 m from the butt in the line of the butt measurement to dermine ultimate conform ances 2s4+ Sapwood thicknos: Sapwood shall be es thick ae necessary to result in fulfilment of penetration requirements. 3. Prohibited Defects The following defects, if apparent in the poles or stubs or log anchors offered for inspection, shall be a cause of rejection, viz +a+ Becay, consisting of disintegration of the wood substance due to the action of wood destroying fungi. “ 7 be Red Heart, if accompaniod by softening, i.e. deterioratidi’of the heart. woo due to fungus which attacks the living tree. c+ Hollow butts or tops Z a. Grdcks, (as distinct from checks and shakes) which may rosult: from:mecha- nical damage or rough handling. : e. Bird Holes 1. Plugged Holes, meaning artificially plugged holes, oxcept holes opened for test purposes, which shail be plugged. &-” Splits or checks or shakes in. the top of tho polos 4. Limited Defects 1 The following permitted defocte within the limita specified shall not bo the cause of rejection of poles or stubs or log anchors viz + a. Spiral Grain, is permitted to the limit of half e turn in any three meters length for log anchors, stubs and poles 9 meters long, half a tum in any five ‘metérs length for poles 10 to 14 meters long and half 4 ‘turh“in ehj-six | meters longth for poles 15 meters long. 7 b. Sap Stoin, that ia not accompanied by softening or other disintegration (decay) of the wood is permitted. ©. Checks, consisting of separation of the wood along the grain in a-gadial diroction, are permitted in the butt provided that they aro not more shan three and they do not extend more than 60 om above the butt end. Moreover, checks are permitted in the intertediate part of a pole being 3 meters apart the butt ond end 2 meters apart the top end, as woll as in tho intermediate part of 2 log anchor being 30 cm apart cach ond of it, provided that + ~ They are not more than 3 in tho same cross ~ section of a pole or log anchor - their longth doce not oxesed 1 m ~ tho largest opening of any check is not wider than 8 mm. a. Shakes, consisting of separation along tho grain, the greater part of, which cours betweon the rings of annual growth, are pormittod in the butt@aurface, provided that they aro not closer than 50 mm to the periphery of the batt and they do not extend longer than 1,5 m from tho butt end. Shakes. which are closer then 50 mm to the periphery of the butt are permitted provided that they do not oxtend further than 60 om from the butt end and do not have an opening ig GR - 49wider than 3 mm, As regards log anchors, shakes are not permitted. e. Insect Damage, is permitted if confined to suporficial scoring, or holes not exceeding 1,5“mm diameter. f« Knots, are permitted provided tho diameter of any, single knot does not exceed’ 8 cm,.and the sum of the diameters of all knots excecding 1,2 om diamoter in ony 30 om of length of pole or stub.or log anchor does not exceed 20 om. &- Resin pockets and scars, The butt end of a pole or stub shall be free from resin pockets and scars for a distance of 2,5 ms Resin pockots and scars are permitted inthe part of a pole at least 2,5 m away from the..butt end, provided that the dopth of tho pocket or scar docu not exceed 15 mm and that. the ponotration of preservative is not impeded, i.e. penetration below the pocket, or soar complies with the requirements. : : he Gomprossion wood. The outer 25 mm of all poles or stubs or leg anchors * shall be free from compression wood visible on either end. Post-impregnation defects. Defects that have developed after impregnation ond that result in the exposure of unimpregnatea wood are not permitted. | Mochanical damage. No local indentation on the surface of any polo, due to the applicetion of hooking or gripping appliances shall erscea 10 mm in depth. Cant hooks, pole tongs or other pointed tools shall not be applied to the butt end.of a pole or stub up to 2,5 m apart of it. kK. Shape. Poles, stuby and log enchore shell be straight and free from crooks or localised deviutions from straightness which, within any section 2 meters or less in length, ere more than ono-thira of the moan diameter of the crooked section (Seo Diagram No 3 of arg. No. A-4093 attached). Polos may have a single sweep or curvature in one direction provided that o straight line joining (1) the surface of the polo at a distance of 1,5 m from the butt and (2) the cdge of the pole at the top, shall not be distant from the surface of the pole et any point siore than 8 mm per mater of length botwoon points (1) and (2) (See Diagram No 1 of arg No A~4093 attached). Poles may have a double sweop or curvature in two planes or a reverse swoop (ourveture in two directions in one plane), provided that « streight line Joining (1) tho mid-point at a distance of 1,5 m from the butt and (2) the mid-point at the top, docs not approach the surface of the pole closer than 20 mm (See Diagram No 2 of drg No 4-4093 attached).__Minimum diameter at 1,80 m from butt > “LENGTH Heavy Medium Light Minimuni didmeter ot top A1L longths 18 on 15 om 12 om The aiamoter ot tho top or at 1,80 m from the butt is calculated by moasurr ing the circumference and dividing tho value of the latter by Ml (=3,14). avoid above calculations diameters are preferably measured by using a die ter tape i.e. a gradiiated tape which gives direct readings of the diameter whon the tape is placed eo ss to-moasure the ciroumference. If swellings appear on the specified position of a diameter measurement, two dianeter meesurenents are performed on two neighbouring positions whore the growth of wood is regular. Thon, the dinmotor in the spooified position is caleulated: from the @ismoters in tho neighbouring positions by interpolation, taking. into account that the tapor of the stem is the same in tho neighbour hood of abdvo two meaduremchts. Poles shell be roofed, gained and drilled before treatment to conform to latests revision of pole Specification Drawing No 4-4009. Gains on poles showing swoep or ourvature shall be locetod on the concave side in the plane of tho groatest curvature. Tho standard longths of cut poles shall be subject to.a tolerance of + lf. The categories " Heavy", " Nodium! and "Light" ero intended to be a convenient classification for the purpose of the use of the poles. any cut polss not complying with the standard longths within the télerance allowed, or which do not otherwise conform to the corresponding limiting diameters specified, shall bs liable to rejection. GR - 49Tho round log-anchors shall have the following dimensions + Bach log-anchor shall beatin its midpoint ‘and at thé centor a hol following diameters 4 oMinimam diameter at mid-length 20° om, fength 75 om and hole diame " " nome ag 9 . we 26" 8 300 He The diameter of log-anchor is measured as specified in tho previov The hole drilling shall take pleco before the impregnation. 7. Stubs Round stubs shell have the following dimensions + 20 om minimum diameter at mid-longth and 320 cm length 26 om minimum diameter at mid-length and 350 om longth Tho iametor of the stub is measured es specified in the previous 6. d_ Dressing rece grown in Northorn and Gentral Europe shall be felled betwoe November and Ist March. All tres shall te neatly sawn off as close to the ground as poss timber shall be removed, trimmed, or cut from tho butt ond so ce their netural size. Tho butt end shall be sawn square to give 2 f: All branches shall be dressed dow flush with the trunk and cut i: ction of growth. 7 The outer and innor bark shall be completely removed and the sur! timber shall be cleanly finished. Bark removal ana trimming of br Knots may bo done by hand tool or by shaving. mohine. If @ shaving machine is used, removal of sapwood shall be careful and the depth of cut shall not be moro then necessary to romove in and to trim smoothly and closely #11 branch stubs and overgrown ke Tho timber shall be drawn out of the woods with tho loast possibl. either stacked on skids for our seasoning or carried for artifici as specified furthr on. 9. Handling d Delivery The poles shell be handlcd with care so th't the outer fibres otherwise dcmaged in such e way 2s to impair the fibre strength. ph 5.10. Stacking After dressing, timber which has to “bo air soasoned or held in storege “shell bo stacked-on troated skids ee arranged as to support cach layer of the timbor without producing noticeable distortion of any piece of it as woll as to leave enough space botween udjzcent layers and piccos for froe air circulation. ‘The height of the stacks shell be“limited to avoid damage to timber on the bottom layors. the lowest timber of cach steck shall be at least 25 om above the ground. The surface of the ground under and around the stacks shall bo well drained and kept freo from bark, shavings, grase, weeds and ‘doodyod or decaying wood. 11, Seasoning or conditioning For all timber species natural drying shall be applica (air seasoning). How ever, for tho timbor specics mentioned herounder artificial drying is also acceptable, but only with the following respective mothods 1 Tinber of couthorn pine osn be steemconditioned, according to the spocifice- tions AWPA C1-74 ond 04-75. ‘Log anchors of Oak (QUERCUS) or Booch (FAGUS) in tho preservative up to a maximum of 105°C ve conditioned by heating 12. Moisture content 7 No batch of air seasoned timbor shall be doomed to be ready for imprognation, if the moisture contont just tofore impregnation oxcocds 25%, as specified horeunder. For the purpose of. determining tho moisture contont of a batch of timber, eoncave incromont borer cores shell be taken out. Of cach piece of timber only ono increment borer core shell be taken at a point between the mid-point and tho butt of the piece amd at a distance of more than 1,5 m from tho ond of the putt. Incremont borer cores shzll be taken out ot the mid-point of log-enchors. The diroction of boring shall be radial and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the timbur piece. Each increment borer core shall be taker out of the sapwood dowi to a dopth of up to 5 om from the surface of the timber. after the imcremont borer cores heve been extrzcted they shell bo placed in small, hermetically closed dria pottles of known woight. or - 49‘The cores of a batch of timber can be collected either in one bottle or in several bottles, each ono containing-not less than 8 g of cores. They ghall be weighed as soon as possible; on an analytical balance sensi- tive to 0,01 g, togothor with the droplets which might possibly sot on the weighing bottle and then dried in a vontilated oven, preheated at @ tompor ture Z 160°C ty 125°¢,and képt constant within thé limits of + 5°C, Afterwards they shell bo cooled in a desicontor end weighed again. The procoss of heating in the oven and cooling in the desiccator is ree poated until the borings ettain 0 constant weight. The moisture content shall be determinta from tho formule 1 z aie Ml Pee Seo C $s Porccntige moisture content of ary wood. Mf Initial weight of borings M1 f Woight of borings efter their final drying. 13. Presorvative The preservative shell be either + a. Crooscte as specified below. b. Pontachlorophonol cs specifica below. 7 Bids sre required cithor for one or both of the above preservatives. Creosote shall be in the form of unadulterated 0i1 of Creosote complying with oither of the following specifications viz + i) american iiood Preservers Association Standard for Creosote, P1-65 ii) British Stendard No 14441973, Creosote type 2 or 1. Pentechlorophenol shell be used as 0 solution of pontachlorophonol in pé- troloum. The pontachlorophenol end the fesroloum for use with pentachloro~ phen31 shall conform to Americon Wood Preservers' Assooiction stendards P8-74 and P9-74 respoctively. Tho pentechlorophenol content shall not be less than 5% by weight. The petroleum solvent shell be light in color and of 2 type having sufficient solvency ~nd plasticizing effect to insure against the form:tion pentachlcrophenol crystcle on tho surfooo of tho poles. The pontachlorophenol solution shall be froé from suspended solids to insure a clean ary procedure.Wood manufacturing must bo completed before impregnation, i.e. after all cutting or gaining or drilling of the poles or stubs or log anchors has ‘bocn complotod. Impregnation shall be accomplished through tho application of the standord “empty-cell" procoes’cnd particulerly through the RUEPING process. Avcharge shall not centain ony pole or stub or log anchor that is shorter then 20% of the longth of tho longest-pole or stub or‘ log anchor respecti~ voly in the charge. Where pieces of different diemeters*are mixed, the impregnation echedule corresponding to tho largest diamoter in the charge shell be uscd. Poles, stubs, log anchors and crossarms or any combination of thom or timbers of different origin may to troatod simultanoously in the. samo cy- linder provided that retention end penotration of preservative is measured separately on each kind of above ‘produvts or on pieces of different origin. “Therefore, the pieces of each’kind of sbove products or/of the same origin shall form a separate charge, which shall be separately weighed before and after imprognation, in case retention is dotermined by weights In the caso of creosote, the impregnating plant must be oquippod with an installation for continuous heating of the preservative in the storage tanks, 90 thet the stored creosote be kept at o constant temperature of 60°C. Thus for 211 impregn=tims tho samo quality of creosote shell be introduced inte the wood, i.e. creosote with constant (specified) propor~ tion of hoavyty light creosote ingredients. + Rooording prossure and tompergture gauges ‘shall be utilised. to enable ‘the operator t2 check and record the process on overy charge to be impregnated and tho process chall be regulated in such a manner, ae to oneure retention and penetration of preservetive not less than the minimum permissible. Copies of tho above diegrams shall be delivered to the purchager st the timo of inspection. ation of wood of Por wood of southorn pino impregnation through the RUEPING procoes shall be applied according to the specifications AWPA 1-74 and 04-75. 14.2. Impregnation of wood of other species For wood of the romaining timber spooies of tho present specification, imprognation through RUEPING process shell be applicd as follows 1 GR- 49Wood shall be subjected to cir pressuro higher than the atmospheric but not excveding 400 kPa above the atmospheric. This pressurs shall be main tained until tho wood is complotely immersed in the presdrvative. When the cylinder hes been filled with preservative tho prossure shell be gradually raised up to g max\ium’of 1400 kPa above tho atmosphoric. Exceptionally in’ the ase of ABIES CEPHALONIGA, the prossure shell not oxesed 1000 kPa above the etmosphoric. The temperature of the preservative throughout the pressure period may not exceed 100°C, In an average it shall excced 80°C. Temperature shall not drop below 65°C. The pressure shall be maintained as long as it is roquired to achieve penetration and retention of tho preserva tivo, a8 specified in the present specification. i Should the recording gauges show that the minimum required penetration and retention cannot ve sbtained, it shall be pormitted to maintain the’ pressure for a further 4 hours at a maximum iu rospoct 6f the Fir (ABIES CEPHALONICs) and fore further 2 hours at a maximum for the other timber spocies. Finally the impreganting cylinder shall ba subjected gradually to vacuum, not less than 75 kPa (560 mm Hg), which shall bo maintained until it has been sure that the wood romoved trom the cylindor ie froe from dripping preservative. ‘The minimum required retention of preservative, i.e. creosote or solution of pentachLorophonol in the wood, is specified with respect to the mothod used for its detormination, as follows + 15.1, Rotontion of Preservative actermined by woicht The retention thus determined shall bo calowleted by tho volume of each charge to be imprognated and by weighing thereof, before and efter its impregnation. Volume calculation shall be worked out by measuring the mean diameter 2f cach pole or log anchor or stub of the charge to be impregnated. dis relovant length shall be tckon to be the nominal length. 4s minimum limit of rotention, which is determincd as above,.i.o. by weight, the following values for different timber species are specified + - Black pine (PN) 4 160 kg/m3 - Brutia pine (PB) + 160 kg/m3 - Aleppo pine (PH) 1 160 kg/m3 ee hd nl - Scots pine (PS) + 125 ke/m3 : ~ Southern pine (SP) + 190 ke/m3 hsOok (QuERGUS) t 95 ke/m3 Boach (FiGUS) #135 ke/m3 Cophalonie fir (ic) + 125 ke/m3 15.2. Roténtion of Preservotive:devermincdeby assay Rotention is determined by assay on increment: borer coros taken from polos or log anchors ete. of each charge to be impregnated, at least 4 houre after taking the charge out of the impregnating cylinder. For this purpose, inerément borers shall be used. Boringe shall bo made’ towarde the axia of the pole or log anchor and perpendicular to it, at tho mid-lencth thereot From each picce of tho sample of poles or stubs or log anchors, one increment borer core shell be extracted. Croosote rotontion shall bo doterminod as described in Appendix A of the pro= sont specification or es specified in aliPA STANDARD 46-76. Pentachlorophenol retention shall be determined as specified in ANPS STANDARD A5~76. ‘The zone from which the cores shall be taken end the respective minimum permit~ ted retention of creosote or pentachlorophenol solution for various timber species shall be determined as follows + The above mentioned zone is determined by the depth, of its beginning and its end from the outer eurface of the wood. ‘Timber, Species Sampling zone "Minimum permissible eee retention serene eeprar atte Black pine (PN) 1,0 + 5,0 135 Brutia pine (PB) 1,0 + 5,0 235 Aleppo pine (PH) 1,0 4 5,0 135 Scots pine (PS) 0,5 + 3,0 360 Southern pine (SP) 1,2 # 5,0 te ed fe Oak (QUERCUS) i - Beech (FAGUS) - oe Fir (ac) : _ 16. Penetration of Preservative into the wood 16.1. Ri um depth of pene tr: The minimum required depth of penetration of preservative into the various / GR - 49timber species and at the mid-length of poles or stubs or log anchors is determined as follows + - Black pine (PN) or 7 Brutia pine (PB) or Aleppo pine (PH). §) 6 Sw or 100% wf" the “sapwood ‘thitkness, whichever is lesser, but not less than valuo a, as specified hereunder. ~ Soots pine (PS) +> 6 om or 100% of the sapwood thickness, whichever is lesser, but not lees than value a. ~ Boithers pine (SP) + 8 cm or 90% of the sapwood thickness, whichever is lesser, but not lees than value a. : - Fir (ac) 4 2 om or 100% of the sapwood thickness, whichever is greater - White Oak (QUERCUS ALBA)s 100% of sapwood. ~ Red Osk (QUERCUS RUBRA) + 65%) of annual rings. - Beech (Fagus) + 85% of sapwood. Value @ is determined as follows s Sepwood thickness shall be sufficient, so that the following value a can be obtained. ‘i Category of mate: Heavy pole ' 5 om Medium pole 3 ‘ 4 om Light pole ‘ 3 om Stub of 26 cm diameter + 4 om Stub of 20 om diemeter 3 om Log anchor ' 2 om Depth of penetration shall be measured on increment vorer cores taken from poles or log anchors etc. In the caso of pentachlorephenol preservative, the depth be determined eccording to AWPA STANDARD A}-71. penetration shall 16.2. Distinction of sapwood The distinction of sapwood from heartwood of any sort of pine, and determina- tion of their limite chall be made by checking with an indicator. Such an indicator is prepared as follows + Mix together equal volumes of the following two, solutions + Solution A : 0 ~ anisiding, Hydrochloride Seed Weigh out 8,5 g concentrated hydrochloric acid (37%) Dilute with water to meko 495 g of solution Add 5 g O-anisidine and stir until completely dissolved. feSolution B 1 10 percent Sodium Nitrite Dissolve 50 ¢ sodiuln nitrite in 450 g water ~ ‘The mix of the two solutions may be appliod by brush or atomizer. after se- veral minutes, the heartwood will develop a bright reddishorange color,while the sapwood remains @ pales yellow-orange. The mix of tha, tuo solutions can de uscd over a poriod of several days, but filtering before use is necessary. For maximum shelf life, both Solutions A and B should be stored in a refrigi~ rator or other cool, dark location. Under such conditions the storage life , exoosds one month. - 1]. Rotroatinont During testings, polos otc. not conforming to the stipulated minimum requi- renents may be rotreated and reoffored for inspection, but retreatment should be avoided so far as practicable. Tho maximum limits for temperature andthe maximum limit for preservative pressure that apply to original treatment, shall not be excecdsd’ during retroatmont. No sccond retreatment or third impregnation shall be allowed on the same Pioce. 18. Narking of Poles Poles shall be burn~brandcd, not lees than 5 mm doop as per latest revision of Drawing 4009 Fig. 2, to show, in first line, tho length of pole in moters followed by a letter dmoting tho categorys Heavy, Medium or Light. The specics of wood are also noted by two lotters, e.g. PS = Pinus Silvestris as por drawing. . On tho sucond line- shall be-marked e letter denoting the kind of proserva~ tive used} followed by the digits of the. month and the last, two, digits of tho year of impregnation, separated by a dash. On’ the third line shell be marked the supplier's brand. On the fourth linc shall be marked tho impregnation factory brand. Care shall be tekon to maintein the distance between the top of the first row of the letters and tho butt of the pole which shall ve 3,90 ms 5 om. Tho code letters, having the dimensions shown on Fig. 2 of the attached Dre. 4-4009, designating the species of wood and preservative uscd, shall be as follows + aR - 49Designation _ Code Letter Black pine (PINUS WIGRA) PN ‘i Scots pino (PINUS SILVESTRIS) PS Southern pine SP ; Creosote preservative ° z Pontachlorophenol presorvative P 19. Storage Time The Supplior shall oomplote shipment of polos to their destination, within 6 months at the latost from the month of impregnation or retreatment, which has boon already marked on the pole or log anchor etc. 20. Tho following tests or inspections shall be carridd out in the Supplicr's Factory, at the Supplier's expense, in the presence of Purchaser's repro~ sontativo. The above tests shall be carried out on oach partial delivery and at the various stages of treatment of poles or log anchors or stubs. 20.1. Yesting of Stacking 7 Batches heving not been formed es specified in para 10 of the present sper oification shall not be accepted and no further tostings thereof shall bo carried out. 20.2. Testing of timber species, rate of growth, defects felling and Gressing, dimensi and marking Each piece of nonimpregnated timber aither of tho whole quantity or of a sample, as defined in detail herobolow, shall be inspected for the compliance of timber species, the rate of growth in case of Southern pinu, the existence and oxtonsion of defects, the felling and dressing, the dimensions and marking, in accordance with the provisions of paras 2, 3, 4; 5, 6, 7, 8 and 18 of tho prosent specifics tion. The time of felling of a definite quantity of timtor may be assortained by a certificate issued by the Forest Authoritios rosponsible for the rogion whore tho above quantity has been felled. Tho sapwood thickness shall not be measured by the ropresontstive of Purchasor at this stage of inspection. It shall be checked leter during the measurement of tho depth of the prosorvative penetration. feeae In tho case of Black pine (PN) or Brutia pine (PB) or Aloppa pine (PH) or Southern pino (SP) or Cephalonia fir (AC) tho inspection shall bo carried out on the entire quantity of each partial delivery (100%). For ‘the romaining epeoies of timbor of this specification the inspection shall bo carried out on samples, as follows t 4 sample shell be taken at random from cach stack or batch. ‘Tn’ tho case of stacks or batches comprising a maximum of 280 picces, the sampling ‘plan shall be single while for stacks or betches comprising more pieces, the sampling plan shall be double. If a stack or batch compfisos more than 1200 pieces, it shall bo deemed to be Separated into two or more stacks or batches, each of which shall comprise 1200 pieces at a maximum, The size of the sample and the number of permissible defective pieces thorein ro det e follows § -.Numbor of picecs in stack or batch | 0-280 281-500 501-1200 - Number of piecos of first sample 50 80 125 = Permissible number of defective pieces of the samplo so that the entire stack or batch may by accopted without taking @ second sample 0 ° 0 - Hinimum number of defective pieoes of sample required for the rejection of tho-entire stack or batch without taking a second sample L 2 2 - = Number of pieces of sccond sample - 80 125 ~ Permissible number of defective pieces of both samples so that the entire stack or batch may bo oventually acceptable - 1 1 - Minimum numbor of dofective pieces of both samples required for the eventual rejection of the entire stack or batch - 2 2 Stacks and batches in case of inspoction by sample, or pieces in tho case of a 100 inspection, which aro acceptod shall thereafter be inspected for GR - 49moisture content. Stacks, batches or pieces rejected shall not be forwarded for impregnation and shall not bo éeceptod by tho Purchasor. Whonever a 100% inspection is mado, the piccor tejcoted and not accoptod shall bo clearly marked at tho sido of the butt et the Supplior's oxponse. t 20.3. A scmplo- test for moisture content shall bo carrivd out in accordance with para 12 of tho specification. A number of incroment borer cores shall bo teken from cach stack or tatch, as spocified avrebolow. Number of piccos Wumbor of cores : ______teken 0+ 150 20 151 + 500 40 , 501 + 1200 80 Should tho averago moisture content in tho number of corcs takon prove to be highor thon the maximum pormissible rate, the numbor of piecos of the batch or stack shall not be forwarded for impregnation. 20-4. Inenection of the quality of the preservative used 7 Tho prosorvative to be used for the treatment shall be inspoctod periodically as to quality. Tho inopootion shall be carried out at the Supplicr's oxponso in a laboratory seceptable to the Purchaser, in the presones of the Purchasor's inspoctor. In tho case of creosote, tho inspection shall be carricd jut as specified by AMPA STANDARD A1-76 or BS 144 1 1973. In tho caso of pentachlorophencl, tho inspectisn shall bo carried out in ooordence with AWPA STANDARD 45-76. 4 sample of the prusom charge, shall be properly ive shell bo tekun prior to impregnstion of the firet rkod and transported for analysis. The poles or log anchors, etc. aro thon accepted and tho imprognetion is continued only if the proservative shall possess the characteristics specifica. Furthor sempling end enslysis of the preservative may be carried out et the doscretion of the Purchaser's inspector, 2 a charge of imprognation teken at random, for every twentioth chargos of improgn: tod piocos.Tho dotorminetion of the retention of the proservative may be mado oither through the weighing method or through the assay mothod. In the cases whore the weighing method is applica (ns por pera 15.1 of the spocificrtion). the wctention is dotorminea for éach amprognated charge with the restrictions described in pare 14. Should the rotontion found be less than tho minimum pormissible rete, the following two solutions may bs adopted at the discretion of the Purchaser's inspector, considerdtion boing given also to the laboratory capabilities of the Supplicr, - Rotroatmont of the entiro quantity of the charge at the Supplior's expense. - Ketontisn test by means of tho assay mothod If tho retention thus revulting should bo lowor than the minimum pormisei~ ble rate according to the asszy method (as described herobolow), the entire oharge sh 11 be rotrosted at the Supplicr's oxponsc. ~ Should, the resulting retention be oqual to or higher than the minimum rete, thon the charge shall be accepted. In the cases where the asany method is opplied, tho retention shall be de- termined on ¢ somplo taken et random. When tho retention is determined at tho stago of the impregnation, the sample shsl1 be tekon from each charge of impregnated poles or stubs ote. Whenever tHe retention is detormincd on etored poles, the sample shz1l be taken from the stack or bateh. The number of picces of tho sample of poles or 13g onchoré, eto., is fixed as follows ¢ Number of pisces of charge Number of piccos or_batch or stack f sample 0+ 150 20 1514 500 : + 40 501 + 1200 : 80 Should the retontion found be less then tho minimum permissible rate,. the entire trozted charge or tho entire batch shzll bo retreated at” the Supplier's expense, as long as it has not buon retroated. It is rominded that no third impregnation is pormitted (parz 17). GR- 49 Je :20.6. Tho toct shall in principle be carricd out on each treated charge and extraordinarily per batch, In tho case of poles the test shell, in addition, be curried out per category of polus of cach charge. In each charge all heavy polos shall bo ingpocted (100% Inspection). The other two catogories of polos as woll as the log anchors and stubs shall be inspected by samples, as follows + Number of polos of ono Number of Permissible number category or stubs or log sample pieces of defective piccos anchors in one treated in the sample -charge or stack : 5 + 25 ° —_ 26 + 50 8 oO ol + 150° 20 1 151 4 280 © 32 2 281 + 500 50 3 501 + 1200 “0 5 Should the number of defective polos ete, be higher than that specified in the above teblo, a ponetration inspection shall be carricd out at the Supplier's cxpensc on thc entire quantity of tho treated chargo or stack. Poles, otc., found during the inspoction to have 2 penetration loss than the minimum, shall bo rojected and may be retreated if they have not already been rotroatod. After rotreatment said poles, otc., shall be inspectcd again to a rate of 1006. 20.7. Inspection for damage The damege likely to be caused to the msterial during handling in the impro~ gnation factory by tools, hooks, etc., shall bé inspected whenever possible ‘by tho Purchssor's inspector. 20.8. Plugging of borings All borings made on the poles, log anchors, etc., for carrying out various tests shell be scaled by the Supplior by means of suitable imprognated plugs of shape and dimensions similor to those of tho borings mdo. o/s2069. All polos inspected and found to be suitable shall be mirked at thoir butt with letters to a depth of at least 2 mm, forming tho symbol "DEX" ona the initials of tho person who hes carried out the inspection for the accomt of the Purchaser. 21.. Packing - handling of polos In the caso of soa transportation the poles shall be stacked on board tho ship seourely attached by meens of wire rope in groupe of polus of tho samo category and length, weighing from 2 to 2,5 tons approximately. Prior to arrivel of the ship to the port of destination the Supplier shall forward to the Purchaser in good time a cargo plan. The wire ropes shall be returned to the Supplier. In the case of railroad tronsportation, only one category of poles of the same longth shill bo lorded 2n every railway car. 4 doviation is pormitted only if tho load of one category and length of poles cannot bo made up. GR - 49APPENDIX A imalytioal mothod for Determination of Rotontion of Crossdte From Wood Samples, 1. Number of samples 4 The analysis is carried out for more than ono sample. Tho'weigk of samples for the above analysis shall be at least 5,0 gremps and they shall contain at least 1 grem of Creosote. This analysis can also be usod for the dotormi- nation of water in tlood. + 2. apparatus The apparatus which shall be used is shown in Fig. 1. Tho parts of the appa— ratus 2nd the necessary oquipmont cre tho following + 2.1, Extraction apparatus 4 500 ml, flask with thimble holéor Bade 4 wator-cz0lea ondonser of the cold-finger type 2.3. Hotor-trop 4 glass tube having an outside dismotor of 12 to 13 mm. and acalod at tho lower end. The graduated portion of the tube shell hove « capeeity of 10 ml, with major divisions marked 1.to 10 and with smallest graduation of 0,1 ml. The trap shell be chemically clean, s2 that tho wator moniscus is horizontal and well-defined and ite shepo tho same at tho boginning of the test as at tho ond. If thoso oriteria are met, the volume of water in the trap can easily be estimated to the nerrest 0,02 al. 2.4. Extraction backet 4 beskot of about 45-mosh stainless stool gauco, 38 to 42 mm in diemotor and 55 t> 125 mm in hoight. 2.5. Woighing bottle 4 woighing bottle with stopper of a aize to hold the extraction basket. 2.6. Blectric hot plete 267. Rod, 4 rod of about 3 mn. diamoter made of polytetrafluorsethyleno (Teflon) ‘or other waterrepellont mterial. 4 coiled wire hzs also provon satisfactory. GR - 492.8. Oven 4 vonted drying oven maintained at 125” + 5°C 4 forced draft, air circulation oven is not satiefastory. fe eee 4 dcsiccator with drying agent of tho indicating typo fateeteeuanea an onalytical balance sensitive +2 0,001 g. with suitable weights. 3. Reagents : * 3-1, Toluene, mocting ASTM Specification D846/1971 for nitration grade toluone. 3.2. Xylenc, meeting aSTM Specification 0846/1971 for 10 degroo xylene: 3.3. Tolucno-Xylone Mixed Solvent A mixture of the specified tolucne end xylene in any desired proportion. ‘rap assembly and Condenser 4.1. Thoroughly clean the inner surface of the water trap sootion of the apperatus ond the outor surface of the cold-fingor: condenser with ~ warm solution of houschold or industrial detergent in water. Rinse with clean water, drain 2 few minutos, thon dry the outer surface of tho woter trap suction with en absorbent, lintloss towel. Carcfully inspect its imnor surface ond the outer surface of tho tip of the condensor. If drops or droplets of weter remzin on these surfecos, repoat tho cloaning opera~ tion until those critical surfaces ere chemically clean. Do not ary the equipment before use. 4.2. If ropoated cloaning of the epparatus with detergent solution fail- to loave a chemically cloan surface, rinso the oquipmont ropoatedly with a warm, saturated solution of chromic acid in concontrated sulfuric acid. after the treatment with the acid cleaning solution, rinse the apparatus thoroughly with cloan water, drain , and inspect as before. Repeat tho cleaning operation, if necessary. 5. Procodure Sel. Placo about 200 ml. of toluene, xylene, or mixed toluenc-xyleno solvent in tho oxtraction flisk and add 1 to 2 ml. of wator. aehesomble the apparatus on the hot platc, apply hoat and roflux fur about 30 minutos. reer 7 Lllow the contents of the water trap to cool to room tomperaturo, thon uso ‘tho rod or coiled wire to transfer any water adhoring to tho walle of the condenser or water trep to the water loyer,in the, trap. Spinning tho coiled wire eide in freoing water droplets in the solvent layor. Road and record the volume of water in thoultap “tz, the mearost 0,02 ml. 5.2. Place the wood borings in the weighing bottle ond weigh to the nearost 0,002 g. : Transfer tho samples to the extraction basket. Place tho basket with sample immediately in the holder of the extraction epparatus end then reae- somblo tho apparatus. Weigh the empty weighing bottle to the nearest 0,002 g and record the weight of sample, calculated by differones. eee 5.3. apply hot and reflux the solvent (toluone or xylene etc) at a rate that et loast one drop por second falls from the tip of the condensor. Reflux period is fixed to 2 hours. : After the reflux, allow the contents of the trap to cool’to room temporature. Tronefer any water adhering to the walls of the condenser of water trap to the wator layor in tho trap, using the rod or coiled wire as bofore. Then read and record tho volume of water to the nearest 0,02 ml. The @ifference between this and tho first reoding is the «ator cuntont of the pample. 5.4. Romove the wire basket end contents from tho oxtraction flack and allow to stand under an offective hood for 10 to 15 minutos. Then place the basket end contents in the 125°C oven in an open support. Do not sot the basket in 2 borker. sf tur 90 minutes, place the wire basket ‘nd contents in tho weighing bottle, proviously tered with stopper. Cool ‘tho uncovered weighing bottle ond contents in the desiccstor t> room tempe~ rature. Thon stoppor the byttle and weigh to the nearest 0,002 e. To eneure that all solvent has been removed in the drying operation, return the wire basket with oxtracted sample to tho oven for 30 minutos. Then remove and weigh as before. Ropeat thoso operations if the additional weight loss is greater than 10 mg. Calculate and rocord the woight of dry, extracted wood. 6. Qalculotions Wl = woight of samlo before extraction, e+ W2 = weight of oven-dry, extracted samle, + GR - 49 JeW3 = woight of water in sample, g(1,00 ml - 1,00 g.) L = Total longth of borings, om. D = svorege diameter of borings byfore extraction, om. Groosote in sample, g 1 Wl ~ W2 - W3 Creosote content of borings, kg/m} (Ww Re 1273,24 Water, 6 2f dry, extracted wood W3. = ~~ + 100 Om i Te uracy of bering simples To determino the mean diomoter I of tho boring sample a micrometer 1 is uscd. Tho diameter of 20 boring sample is moasurod and mean value is taken as De 7 If tho same increment borer is uscd, it is not necessary to repeat the mensuromont of tho boring sample diamotor of each charge under test. The length of cach boring sample is measured with on accuracy of + 0,25 mm. *PUBLIC POYER CORPORATION SPECIFICATION GR-49 +. SUPPLIMGNT No 1 SPECIFICATION FOR WOOD POLES PURCHASED . BEFQRE PRESSURE TREATHENT I. Scop Specification GR-49 desoribes the requireuents for the production as well’as for the treatment of wood polos purchased ready or use in clectrit lines. This supplement covers the particular terms or arrangements applied to the production of wood poles purchased before pressure treatment. ae Poles purchased according to this Supplement are accepted in the following ‘two conditions : Poles are in the greeh condition or in a condition of a moisture content of wood greater thax 2773. However, they ere sawn and have thei> outer and inner bark removed and their ‘brenches and knots trimned so that they are ready for air seasoning or condition= ing or for the continuation of eir seasoning, = Gondition.B Poles are already air seaSoned or cond.tioned to a moisture content of wood equal to or less than 27%, 3, Re I, Poles shall comply with the regitirenents described in paragraphs 2, 2.1, 242, 243, 244 in combination with 16.1, 3,4,5,8,9,10 and II of Specification GR-49 with the modification stated in this Supplement. : = 2. Poles shall not be roofed, gained, drilled and birn-brended, This vork will be the responsibility of the impregnation plants. 4s regards poles of Southern pine, their artificial drying may be performed by Kiln drying with the following limitations The maximum dry bulb temperature shall be increased gradually and shall not exceed II0°C, >. For dry bulb temperatures over 930Cthe wot bulb depression shall be not less than 10°C with the exception that during the first 24 hours there is no limi- tation on the wet bulb depression. 7 . In compartment Icilns operating ab dry bulb temperature® up to 77°C, the maxi— mia wet bulb dopresaion chall not exceed JO°C with the exception that during the first 24 hours there is no limitation on the wet bulb depression. a, In‘progressive-type Icilms operating at dry bulb temperatures up to 77°C, the maxinum wet bulb depression shall not exceed 10°C in the body of the kiln and 32°C at the entrance to the kilns fey R49~2- 4 metal tag shall be nailed on the button surface of cach pole indicating its wood speniss withthe coda letters determined in -paragraph 18 of. Spacifiration GR-49 as well as the brand of pole Supplier. The letters or numbers shall bo impressed or relieved on the tag. Tn addition, thg length and category of edch,polo (o.g, IZ M) shall bo written on its button surface by using a Suitable long lasting paint, These figures shall be YO em high approxinately. Acceptance tests or inspoctions 4f poles shall be cariiod out according to paragraphs 20, 20,1, 20.2, 20,3, 20.7, 20,8 and 20.9 of Specification GR-49 with the following modification : The inspection shall include the check of sapwood thickness. This test shall be carried out as the penetration test, which is described in paregraph 20.6 of Specification GR-49, The distinction’ of sapwood shall be made as described in paragraph 16,2 of Specification G2-49. ; Poles found to have a sapwood thickness less than the minimum required according to paragraphs 2,4 and 16,1 of Specification GR-49 shell be rejected, 6. Packing and handling of polos shall be performed as described in paragraph 21 of Specification GR~49. 4+ Specific requirement for poles purchased in the condition J. If tho avorage moisture contont of wood’ measured according to the method described in paragraphs 12 and 20,5 of Specification GR-49 ia greater than 35%, then the minimm Ciameters of poles d=tormined in paragraph 5 of Speci~ fication GR-49 shall be increased by 1,54, 5. Specific requirement for poles purchased in the Condition B Before chipnont the average moisture contont of’ wood, as moasurod according to the mothod described in paragraphs I2 and 2.3 of Specification GR-i9, shall be equal to or loss than 27%. 1 margin of 2 is so provided on account of the further seasoning of the poles during their transportation to the impregnation plants. If an inquiry does not include a statencnt for the condition of poles to.be purchased, thon it is automatically understood that these poles shall be purchesed in the Condition : determined in this Supploment. ; SUPPLE ERD No DBR | p1/t0/22.7.85 '240-260 dye. 950m. internal diameter t 4 Ado éndg @Bmm_ Two Noles Guin Did, BNgackoxde, 5 indentations ri} 24/40 Sv Ol Srcercicera 8 mm Dimensions in mm ZYLKEYH MEQOAOY ANAAYTIKOY MPOLALOPIIMOY THL LYPKPATHLEQL KPEOZQTOY APPARATUS FOR DETERMINATION OF CREOSOTE RETENTION BY ASSAY Ein 1 . Fig 1, SPECIFICATION GRA? one plane amd one direction DIAGRAM 1. Measurement of swee; - SS j | N sface at Sweep + Edgdet top | {smfrom batt DIAGRAM 2. Measurement of sweep in two planes (Double sweep) or. in two directions in one plane. Distance from Midpoint r pole surface at tsmFrombut DIAGRAM3, Measurement of’ crook (coset) \ Axis of section besiueeity above the crook ‘xt of section below -the crosie (Case 2) Deviation Midpoint of croox (case 3) : Deviation SSS ese oe 7 tk ze f-—tmorless—~! \ Midpoint in crops section otb.o! Heke ar ee Ne Rpper bosndlary oP econ NOTE: The three cases shown under Diagram Sare typical and are intended to establish the principle of measuring crooks. There may be other cases © not exactly like those Whustrated. - A sterneeee eevee eterna enen tit| aay [tc 2 suL 7.1978 : GR-49 | MEASUREMENT OF SWEEP AND , AT ARE t CROOKS IN woop Potes | /\E) DMKD- DED A- 4093 JAN 15,1954]RT @) 39mt5cm FIG! POLE DRILLING PRIMARY DRILLING - Axi ima Drilling tee FiG.3 TOP VIEW SHOWING GAIN. | DEPTH ON PRIMARY OBILLING NOTES. : ! 1, AN holes 22 cm. diameter 2. All dimensions in ém. unless otherwise specified : 3. Dimensions folerantetl% i 4 Drill for secondary all 10m poles | ‘end for primery lim poles and up. | 5, A= Supplier's brand. | FIG.2 F 6, Belmpregnation plant brand 5 Z Tesoro ai mea 6 lion: foam i? to la om [xe [rare z Teste | a € ia 5 drilling 2 4 | s/h/64 Chamge in drilling] # 90 | lnm) —aoer aamer — a = 2 jars “tape ne fae ce Fon| 1 |ti/e/se| Upper Rope Wer No |DATE| REVISIONS BY Pr GR- 49 DSTRIBUTION POLE SPECIFICATION wooo “BOLE MARKING DETAILS PUBLIC POWER CORPORATION ELECTRIC POWER DIVISION ATHENS — GREECE CALE DATE APRIL $2 TK aL | ENE RPTOH Kp de A-4009, deal el