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Web Designing and Development

Group Assignment

Group 7

Members ID
1. Eyosiyas Aligas………………….1201635
2. Hermela Asamnew……….....1201986
3. Tewodros Alimaw…………….1207377
4. Surafel Simachew…………….1101891

Submitted to: Mr. Yonas A.

Submission date: 30/08/2014
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Contents
Color Theory 2
Color combinations 4
Color meanings 8

Typography 9
Definition 9
Elements of Typography 9
Importance of typography 13

User Interface Design 14

Choosing Interface Elements 14
Best Practices for Designing an Interface 15
Importance 15

User Experience Design 19

Definition 19
Importance 19
Skills needed to be a UX Designer 20
UX Design is User-Centered 21
References 23
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Color Theory
Color theory is a set of principles used to create harmonious color combinations pleasing to the eye and
senses. It provides us with a common ground for understanding how colors can be used, arranged,
coordinated, blended, and related to one another. Color theory is about why some colors work together
aesthetically, while others do not. Thus, it's about color mixing and the visual effects of color. An
understanding of color theory helps Heather go beyond the approach of 'it looks right'. Let's see how
Heather utilizes color theory when organizing appealing displays.
It is the collection of rules and guidelines which designers use to communicate with users through
appealing color schemes in visual interfaces. To pick the best colors every time, designers use a color
wheel and refer to extensive collected knowledge about human optical ability, psychology, culture and
more.
Modern color theory is largely based on Isaac Newton’s color wheel, which he created all the way back in
1666. The basic color wheel displays three categories of color; primary colors, secondary colors, and
tertiary colors. If you remember learning about these in art class, well done—you’ve already grasped the
basics of color theory! Let’s have a quick refresh on what these color categories entail:
• Primary colors are colors you can’t create by combining two or more other colors. The primary
colors are red, blue, and yellow.
• The secondary colors are orange, purple, and green—in other words, colors that can be created
by combining any two of the three primary colors.
• There are three secondary colors: orange, purple, and green. You can create each one using two
of the three primary colors. Here are the general rules of secondary color creation:
• Red + Yellow = Orange
• Blue + Red = Purple
• Yellow + Blue = Green
Tertiary colors are created by mixing a primary color with a secondary color. The tertiary colors are
magenta, vermillion, violet, teal, amber, and chartreuse.
Instead, tertiary colors are created when a primary color mixes with a secondary color that comes next to
it on the color wheel below. There are six tertiary colors that fit this requirement:
➢ Red + Purple = Red-Purple (magenta)
➢ Red + Orange = Red-Orange (vermillion)
➢ Blue + Purple = Blue-Purple (violet)
➢ Blue + Green = Blue-Green (teal)
➢ Yellow + Orange = Yellow-Orange (amber)
➢ Yellow + Green = Yellow-Green (chartreuse)
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Color theory is built upon three basic components: the color wheel, color harmonies, and color context.
Heather pays particular attention to these groups of principles to help her acquire a better understanding
of color applications
Color wheel :- The color wheel was invented in 1666 by Isaac Newton, who mapped the color spectrum
onto a circle. The color wheel is the basis of color theory, because it shows the relationship between
colors.
Colors that look good together are called a color harmony. Artists and designers use these to create a
particular look or feel. You can use a color wheel to find color harmonies by using the rules of color
combinations. Color combinations determine the relative positions of different colors in order to find
colors that create a pleasing effect.
There are two types of color wheel. The RYB or red, yellow, blue color wheel is typically used by artists, as
it helps with combining paint colors. Then there is the RGB, or red, green and blue color wheel, which is
designed for online use, as it refers to mixing light – like on a computer or TV screen. Canva’s color wheel
is an RGB color wheel, as it is designed for online use.
Color harmony:- is the base of any design and artwork because designers use these color relationships to
convey messages and create a particular look or feel. While it might seem intimidating and even
overwhelming to play with colors and create harmonious color combinations, it’s easier than you think,
especially if you follow some rules. In today’s article, we’ll discuss color harmony definition, why it is
crucial in any design, essential terms and concepts to create harmonious color schemes. Obviously, we’ll
also mention the most common color harmonies with respective
Color context:-Observing the effects colors have on each other is the starting point for understanding the
relativity of color. The relationship of values, saturations and the warmth or coolness of respective hues
can cause noticeable differences in our perception of color.
Two colors, side by side, interact with one another and change our perception accordingly. The effect of
this interaction is called simultaneous contrast. Since we rarely see colors in isolation, simultaneous
contrast affects our sense of the color that we see.
For example, red and blue flowerbeds in a garden are modified where they border each other: the blue
appears green and the red, orange. The real colors are not altered; only our perception of them changes.
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Simultaneous contrast is most intense when the two colors are complementary colors. Complementary
colors are pairs of colors, diametrically opposite on a color circle: as seen in Newton’s color circle, red and
green, and blue and yellow. Yellow complements blue; mixed yellow and blue lights generate white light.

Color combinations
Complementary
Two colors that are on opposite sides of the color wheel. This combination provides a high contrast and
high impact color combination – together, these colors will appear brighter and more prominent.

Monochromatic
Three shades, tones and tints of one base color. Provides a subtle and conservative color combination.
This is a versatile color combination that is easy to apply to design projects for a harmonious look.
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Analogous
Three colors that are side by side on the color wheel. This color combination is versatile, but can be
overwhelming. To balance an analogous color scheme, choose one dominant color, and use the others as
accents.

Triadic
Three colors that are evenly spaced on the color wheel. This provides a high contrast color scheme, but
less so than the complementary color combination — making it more versatile. This combination creates
bold, vibrant color palettes.

Tetradic
Four colors that are evenly spaced on the color wheel. Tetradic color schemes are bold and work best if
you let one color be dominant, and use the others as accents. The more colors you have in your palette,
the more difficult it is to balance,
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Warm and cool colors

The color wheel can also be divided into warm and cool colors. The warmth or coolness of a color is also
known as its color temperature. The color combinations found on a color wheel often have a balance of
warm and cool colors. According to color psychology, different color temperatures evoke different
feelings. For example, warm colors are said to bring to mind coziness and energy, while cool colors are
associated with serenity and isolation.
Warm colors are the colors from red through to yellow. These colors are said to bring to mind warmth,
like the sun.
Cool colors are the colors from blue to green and purple. These colors are said to bring to mind coolness,
like water.
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Shades, tints and tones

You can create shades, tints and tones of a color by adding black, grey and white to a base hue.
Shade
A shade is created by adding black to a base hue, darkening the color. This creates a deeper, richer color.
Shades can be quite dramatic and can be overpowering.
Tint
A tint is created by adding white to a base hue, lightening the color. This can make a color less intense,
and is useful when balancing more vivid color combinations.
Tones
A tone is created by combining black and white—or grey—with a base hue. Like tints, tones are subtler
versions of the original color. Tones are less likely to look pastel, and can reveal complexities not apparent
in the base color.

Hue, Saturation and Luminance

A hue is basically any color on the color wheel. When you are using a color wheel or a color picker, you
can adjust the saturation and luminance of a hue.
Saturation is the intensity or purity of the color.
Luminance is the amount of brightness or light in a color.
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Color meanings
This is just an introduction to the fascinating world of color. There’s so much more to learn! For instance,
did you know that the color royal blue was created in the 1800s for Queen Charlotte? If you want to
discover more about colors, check out our Color Meanings page – it explores the history and meaning of
hundreds of colors. Or if you’re looking for more great color combinations, check out our Color Palette
Generator or browse thousands of inspirational color schemes.

Meanings of some common colors are stated below:

Along with varying visual impact, different colors also carry different emotional symbolism.
• Red — typically associated with power, passion, or energy, and can help encourage action on
your site
• Orange — joy and enthusiasm, making it a good choice for positive messaging
• Yellow — happiness and intellect, but be wary of overuse
• Green — often connected to growth or ambition, green can help give the sense that your
brand is on the rise
• Blue — tranquility and confidence, depending on the shade — lighter shades provide a sense
of peace, darker colors are more confident
• Purple — luxury or creativity, especially when used deliberately and sparingly on your site
• Black — power and mystery, and using this color can help create necessary negative space
• White — safety and innocence, making it a great choice to help streamline your site
How to Choose a Color Scheme
1. Prioritize the user experience first. Leverage natural inspiration.
2. Set a mood for your color scheme.
3. Consider color context.
4. Refer to your color wheel.
5. Use the 60-30-10 rule.
6. Draft multiple designs.
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Typography
Typography can be dated back to the 11th century, during the innovation of movable type. Before the
digital age, typography was a specialized craft associated with books and magazines, and eventually public
works. The first example of typography can be seen in the Gutenberg Bible, which kick-started a
typography revolution in the west.

Fast forward to modern day, where typography is mostly associated with both the digital world and print.
With the birth of the internet came a creative explosion of the art of typography. Suddenly, web designers
had an abundance of fonts and type options at their disposal, making typography more visually diverse
than ever before.

Typography is often overlooked, but it’s a crucial component of user interface design.

Definition
Typography is the art of arranging letters and text in a way that makes the copy legible, clear, and visually
appealing to the reader. Typography involves font style, appearance, and structure, which aims to elicit
certain emotions and convey specific messages. It is the essential part of any web design. In short,
typography is what brings the text to life.

Typography is more than just making text readable or decorative. Typography can add to the meaning of
what you want to say—or detract from it. For instance, the typeface you choose, your layout, color
scheme, and images for an invite to a birthday party will probably be very different from the choices you
make for an academic paper. Your typographic decisions can make or break your work even when your
content is great. Knowing the basics of typography is an essential skill for anyone who works on
documents, designs, and projects where content must be presented to an audience.

Elements of Typography
The typography principles, that address each of the elements, revolve around one central idea: good
communication. Good typography is imperative to any situation where you want to transmit an idea to
another person via text — such as a website, blog post, magazine ad, interface, billboard, or newsletter.

There are eight basic, universal typographical design elements: typeface, hierarchy, contrast, consistency,
alignment, white space, and color. Some of these elements are described below:
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1. Typeface

There are three basic kinds of typefaces: serif, sans-serif, and decorative.

Notice the little embellishments at the end of lines on the serif font, circled in red. Those are actually
called “serifs,” hence the name of the font category. “Sans” means “without,” which is why all fonts
without serifs are called “sans-serif.” Decorative fonts are such that don’t really fit strictly in either of
those categories, and are often elaborate, creative fonts used for titles.

It’s best to use a maximum of three fonts in a given design project, and two is often even better. It keeps
your design uncluttered and simple. Try to pair serif fonts with sans-serif fonts, such as putting main body
text in a serif font and putting your title in a sans-serif font, or vice-versa. Use decorative fonts minimally,
and almost never for main-body text, because they often have low

readability and just won’t look right most of the time.

2. Hierarchy

One of the main roles of hierarchy is to help keep your ideas organized, so that viewers can always identify
which category of information they are reading. A typical example would be a website, where the title of
the site is at the top of the page in a large header, while main navigation pages within the website are
listed below the header in a smaller font. This is a visual cue, that helps readers identify the context of the
text without even having to consciously think about it. Notice that in the website below all of the text is
in the same size, font, weight, and color, with little distinction. All of the text appears equal and nothing
jumps out…this is bad design!
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A design that lacks hierarchy.

In the next image, the font, size, color, and format of each hierarchical level has been modified to be
unique and stand apart from the other categories. Notice that the webpage title, navigation menu, and
main content headers, and body text each have consistent styles, that are unique to their respective
categories.

A design with good hierarchy.

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3. Consistency

Consistency is a key principle for all typography. Consistent fonts are especially important, as using too
many can lead to a confusing and messy look, so always use the same font styling for the same
information. Decide on a hierarchy of styles and stick to it. Even though you may have many levels of
hierarchy, you should keep to an overall theme for the design.

The “Chapter One” page below has a pleasing design with only two font faces, two colors, and three font
sizes. Even though only two font faces are used, hierarchy is achieved by using size and color. All of the
text is left-aligned except the page number, providing clean, consistent lines. However, on the “Chapter
Two” page, there are four different font faces, four colors, four font sizes, and each element has a different
alignment — all of this creates a messy, unattractive design.

4. Contrast

Contrast makes text interesting and can help you communicate which ideas you want to emphasize.
Varying size, typeface, weight, color, and style can give your designs a big impact as well as make your
ideas organized. Below, you can see how contrast helps you to give your text an interesting, attention-
grabbing, and even more meaningful appearance. Below, the word “Small” is black, aligned right,
lightweight, in an italic serif typeface with increased space between letters. “Large” is red, heavy weight,
in a regular sans-serif typeface, and is about 10x bigger than the word “Small.”
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Lots of contrast, and thus, impact!

No contrast=boring!

Clearly, elements of contrast make the first design stand out much more than the second design, where
both words have the same styling

Importance of typography
Almost 90% of the website is made up of Typography. Websites are designed and developed so that
consumers can get the required information about the company and its products or services. People visit
websites to read this content, therefore the words written on the website play a very important role. At
the same time how these words are presented is equally important. Hence typography holds an important
place while designing a website.

A website should be able to convey the intent and sentiment of the business to their online visitors. And
in today’s digital world, the simplest and the best way to do so is through typography fonts. Using
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typography fonts in website designing, helps in maintaining a consistency and making the website look
aesthetically pleasing and completely professional. Typography helps in making the content attractive, it
also impacts the readability of the website, all accounting for a positive user experience.

Some Importance of typography are:

• Typography builds brand recognition: Not only will good typography enhance the website’s
personality, but your users will subliminally begin to associate the typeface featured on your site
with your brand. Unique, consistent typography will help you establish a strong user following,
build trust with your users, and help to carry your brand forward.
• Typography influences decision making: Typography has a profound effect on the way that users
digest and perceive the information conveyed by the text. Eye-catching type is much more
persuasive than weak fonts that don’t reinforce the message of the text.
• Typography holds the attention of the readers: Good typography could be the difference
between someone staying on your website for one minute or half an hour. It’s important that
your website is visually stimulating and memorable, and typography plays a huge role in this
process.

User Interface Design

User Interface (UI) Design focuses on anticipating what users might need to do and ensuring that the
interface has elements that are easy to access, understand, and use to facilitate those actions. UI brings
together concepts from interaction design, visual design, and information architecture.

Choosing Interface Elements

Users have become familiar with interface elements acting in a certain way, so try to be consistent and
predictable in your choices and their layout. Doing so will help with task completion, efficiency, and
satisfaction.
Interface elements include but are not limited to:

• Input Controls: buttons, text fields, checkboxes, radio buttons, dropdown lists, list boxes, toggles,
date field.
• Navigational Components: breadcrumb, slider, search field, pagination, slider, tags, icons.
• Informational Components: tooltips, icons, progress bar, notifications, message boxes, modal
windows
• Containers: accordion
There are times when multiple elements might be appropriate for displaying content. When this happens,
it’s important to consider the trade-offs. For example, sometimes elements that can help save you space,
put more of a burden on the user mentally by forcing them to guess what is within the dropdown or what
the element might be.
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Best Practices for Designing an Interface

Everything stems from knowing your users, including understanding their goals, skills, preferences, and
tendencies. Once you know about your user, make sure to consider the following when designing your
interface:

• Keep the interface simple. The best interfaces are almost invisible to the user. They avoid
unnecessary elements and are clear in the language they use on labels and in messaging.
• Create consistency and use common UI elements. By using common elements in your UI, users
feel more comfortable and are able to get things done more quickly. It is also important to create
patterns in language, layout and design throughout the site to help facilitate efficiency. Once a
user learns how to do something, they should be able to transfer that skill to other parts of the
site.
• Be purposeful in page layout. Consider the spatial relationships between items on the page and
structure the page based on importance. Careful placement of items can help draw attention to
the most important pieces of information and can aid scanning and readability.
• Strategically use color and texture. You can direct attention toward or redirect attention away
from items using color, light, contrast, and texture to your advantage.
• Use typography to create hierarchy and clarity. Carefully consider how you use typeface.
Different sizes, fonts, and arrangement of the text to help increase scanability, legibility and
readability.
• Make sure that the system communicates what’s happening. Always inform your users of
location, actions, changes in state, or errors. The use of various UI elements to communicate
status and, if necessary, next steps can reduce frustration for your user.
• Think about the defaults. By carefully thinking about and anticipating the goals people bring to
your site, you can create defaults that reduce the burden on the user. This becomes particularly
important when it comes to form design where you might have an opportunity to have some
fields pre-chosen or filled out.

Importance
User Interface Design is one of the reasons that your website will start to see an influx in traffic. It draws
people in and keeps them there. It is what makes people recommend your site and become loyal
customers. Regardless of what anyone says, it should never be overlooked.

One thing that takes people by surprise is how big of an impact even the smallest adjustments in UI Design
can have. For instance, did you know that the shape of a button could determine whether or not someone
knows how to accomplish a task? It is a crazy phenomenon to think about, but it’s true. People have
certain instincts based on visual details that play into how they interact with a website and web and
software development companies need to take these into consideration. Design speaks to people and
should be taken seriously if you want to be successful.
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In addition to basic design changes like shapes of buttons and color schemes, chances are people won’t
stay on your site if it’s difficult to interact with. When people visit your website, their user experience
should be one of your top priorities. When people have a good experience on your site, the conversion
rates are higher and they tend to tell more people about it. This means more chances to get your sales up
and even higher opportunities to grow your customer base. When people have a bad experience on your
site, the chances of your product or company being rejected increases exponentially. This is especially
true if you rely on Internet marketing to get in touch with most of your target audience. Simply put, UI
Design is important because without it you’d probably have to resort to printing flyers and making cold
calls. People make snap judgments and when they visit your site, they’d rather spend 30 seconds opening
a new site than meddling around on a difficult one. If your customer base finds your website too
complicated, confusing or difficult to use/navigate, an otherwise extraordinary product can easily fail1.
People want to be able to understand things easily, which is why most physical products can be figured
out without digging through a 1,000-page manual. Making your site’s UI Design understandable without
a manual is the difference between complete success and a potentially discouraging failure. Simply put,
User Interface Design is important because it can make or break your customer base. It creates fewer
problems, increases user involvement, perfects functionality and creates a strong link between your
customers and your website.

Examples of UI designer skills

✓ Creativity and design skills

✓ Technical skills
✓ Industry knowledge
✓ Attention to detail
✓ Problem –solving skills
✓ Planning skills
✓ Teamwork skills
✓ Communication skills

Important qualities of User Interface Design are following :

1. Simplicity :
➢ User Interface design should be simple.
➢ Less number of mouse clicks and keystrokes are required to accomplish this task.
➢ It is important that new features only add if their is compelling need for them and
they add significant values to the application.
2. Consistency :
➢ The user interface should have a more consistency.
➢ Consistency also prevents online designers information chaos, ambiguity and
instability.
➢ We should apply typeface, style and size convention in a consistent manner to all
screen components that will add screen learning and improve screen readability.
3. Intuitiveness :
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➢ The most important quality of good user interface design is intuitive.

➢ Intuitive user interface design is one that is easy to learn so that user can pick it up
quickly and easily.
➢ Icons and labels should be concise and cogent. A clear unambiguous icon can help to
make user interface intuitive and a good practice is make labels conform to the
terminology that the application supports.
4. Prevention :
➢ A good user interface design should prevents users from performing an in-
appropriate task and this is accomplished by disabling or “graying cut” certain
elements under certain conditions.
5. Forgiveness :
➢ This quality can encourage users to use the software in a full extent.
➢ Designers should provide users with a way out when users find themselves
somewhere they should not go.
6. Graphical User Interface Design :
➢ A graphic user interface design provides screen displays that create an operating
environment for the user and form an explicit visual and functional context for user’s
actions.
➢ It includes standard objects like buttons, icons, text, field, windows, images, pull-
down and pop-up screen menus.

Top 6 Bad UI Common Mistakes in User Interface Design

1. The design lacks of contrast

When browsing a website, we’d like to see it with a clear and fresh contrast. This can help us
better read and understand the info there, and thus knows how to conduct the operation. If
there’s no contrast included, both of the color combination and overall display of the website will
make us overwhelmed. It’s pretty difficult to read the content from the below website.

2. Not-responsive design
It’s pretty popular to use responsive design, cause we find there’s no reason for us to make a
website which cannot adapt to the given resolution and device size. It’s a must especially for
shopping cart websites/Apps whose target audiences are coming from mobile.

3. No user feedback with plagiarism data

It’s not a bad thing to get inspirations from others’ design works, but we need to ensure we’ve
had rich user data to make a right decision.
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4. Bad IA (Information Architect)

Everybody wants to stand out from the crowd and his design work can appeal others’ eyes.
However sometimes it just goes to the other side if we overemphasize on the creativity in the
design. To keep a good balance in the visual hierarchy can leave a good impression on users, and
it can deliver more info to them. The below one can give us a feeling of disorder and confusion
more or less.

5. Inconsistent style
It doesn’t mean that the mashup style is not good, but if the overall interface has a huge and ugly
visual conflict, it’s better to redesign it. An excellent UI design should be consistent on the style in
order to make users clearly understand and respond to the given content. This will also do good
to improve the work efficiency.

6. Clunky and sluggish form

Sometimes, we need to collect the user related info by designing a better form, but the sluggish
and clunky form is totally a waste of time. It’s better to streamline the involved steps to make the
form look concise and clear.

How to Avoid the Most Common Errors of UI Designers?

In general, there are 5 common problems that UI designers make:
• Limit the possibility to explore further. Due to the given deadline and potential risk or many other
factors, not a few designers cannot make a broad exploration on the creativity before making the
design plan. For the design team, a time of 3–6 months is required to locate and better the design
plan.
• No user-centered design. This is the most important but easy to be overlooked part. All of the
design should be user-oriented. We need more data analysis and UI resources to make sure our
design ideas can be well accepted and recognized by the user.
• Know little about the target audiences. Instead of looking at personal preferences, we should put
ourselves in the shoes of our customers. This will help to break the limitations of our own and
thus create good selling point.
• Craft too much beforehand. Especially in the early stage of design, we want to draw out the
concepts in the minds in high fidelity. However, this is not wise. To explore from more different
even opposite ways can help us find more surprises.
• Make use of dynamic effect excessively. Honestly, there are many meaningless dynamic design
almost everywhere, which can do nothing but bring disappointment to our users. It’s better to
avoid decorative animation effect to make it optimize the user experience.
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User Experience Design

User Experience Design is often used interchangeably with terms such as “User Interface Design” and
“Usability”. However, while usability and user interface (UI) design are important aspects of UX design,
they are subsets of it – UX design covers a vast array of other areas, too. A UX designer is concerned with
the entire process of acquiring and integrating a product, including aspects of branding, design, usability
and function. It is a story that begins before the device is even in the user’s hands.

Definition
User experience (UX) design is the process design teams use to create products that provide meaningful
and relevant experiences to users. This involves the design of the entire process of acquiring and
integrating the product, including aspects of branding, design, usability and function.

UX is defined as any interaction a user makes with a product or service. The UX design takes into
consideration each and every element involved that helps in shaping the experience, how it makes the
user feel and how easy it is to fulfill the tasks. The gist of UX design is to build easy, efficient, relevant and
a pleasing experience for the user. UX designers integrate market research, strategy, product
development, and design to build user experiences for products, services, and processes. They act as a
bridge to the customer and understand as well as fulfill the needs and expectations.

Importance
Lately, the focus has shifted on the user centered design. This is because it deals with user needs. The
designers working at website design Singapore before the user centered design would now understand
that websites need to be designed differently. Gone are the days when design decisions were made on
the basis of attractiveness and what the client wanted to see. The focus was mainly on the aesthetics and
the brand and no care for how users would feel about it. This is because, they centered on what looked
good back then, and what the clients wanted.

But now the web has changed, it has become more complex and loaded with features that they must bear
great user experience design by all means. And the devices being used for browsing the websites have
also expanded to mobile devices, multiple browsers, and various types of internet connections.
Accessibility is also taken factor like for those with special needs and for those who don’t have broadband
connections or older devices. No matter what the factors, the only way to stand in the market were the
ones that were pleasing to use. Nowadays, users are taken into factor when building and/or designing
websites.
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What does a UX Designer do?

The designers aim to make daily products, services and technology as much user friendly and accessible
as they can. They integrate design thinking to meet the user desires with technical feasibility and business
viability. This can be further explained by design thinking process.

a) Inspiration

This stage involves understanding and observation. In this, an extensive research and competitor
analysis is conducted to understand the problem or challenge completely. This also entails
interviewing those or will be associated directly with the product.

b) Conceptualization

Then this feedback is used to determine the user goals, emotions, pain points as well as behaviors.
This helps in building user personas. Then the designers consider what these personas are trying
to attain with the help of a specific product. It also considers information architecture and
techniques like card sorting in order to map out the user flows.

c) Iteration

Once the designers have ascertained the user flows, then they determine what steps the user will
take to accomplish their tasks. Here brainstorming is involved for every step, by creating
wireframes and prototypes for what the final product may look like. With the prototypes
available, the designer conducts usability test to check how users interact with the product. This
determines if the user can help designers accomplish their tasks, or if changes are required.

d) Exposition

The designers come up with solutions as well as they also need to present their ideas and designs
for proceeding with the stages ahead.

Skills needed to be a UX Designer

You need to be:

• Adept at creating user personas, stories, wireframes, sitemaps, storyboards, and prototypes
• Able to plan and implement user testing, surveys and formal evaluations
• Able to iterate your tasks according to user testing data and qualitative feedback
• Adept with the interaction design principles and information architecture
• Able to transform goals, objectives and data into digital experiences
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UX Designers consider the Why, What and How of Product Use

As a UX designer, you should consider the Why, What and How of product use. The Why involves the
users’ motivations for adopting a product, whether they relate to a task they wish to perform with it or to
values and views which users associate with the ownership and use of the product. The What addresses
the things people can do with a product—its functionality. Finally, the How relates to the design of
functionality in an accessible and aesthetically pleasant way. UX designers start with the Why before
determining the What and then, finally, the How in order to create products that users can form
meaningful experiences with. In software designs, you will need to ensure the product’s “substance”
comes through an existing device and offers a seamless, fluid experience.

UX Design is User-Centered
Since UX design encompasses the entire user journey, it’s a multidisciplinary field – UX designers come
from a variety of backgrounds such as visual design, programming, psychology and interaction design. To
design for human users also means you have to work with a heightened scope regarding accessibility and
accommodating many potential users’ physical limitations, such as reading small text. A UX designer’s
typical tasks vary, but often include user research, creating personas, designing wireframes and
interactive prototypes as well as testing designs. These tasks can vary greatly from one organization to
the next, but they always demand designers to be the users’ advocate and keep the users’ needs at the
center of all design and development efforts. That’s also why most UX designers work in some form of
user-centered work process, and keep channeling their best-informed efforts until they address all of the
relevant issues and user needs optimally.
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User-centered design is an iterative process where you take an understanding of the users and their
context as a starting point for all design and development.
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REFERENCES

➢ HTTPS://WWW.GEEKSFORGEEKS.COM/
➢ HTTPS://WWW.UDEMY.COM/COURSE/THE- COMPLETE-APP- DESIGN- COURSE- UX- AND- UI- DE
➢ HTTPS://CAREERFOUNDRY.COM/EN/BLOG/UI- DESIGN/BEGINNERS- GUIDE-TO-
TYPOGRAPHY /
➢ HTTPS://MEDIUM.COM/GRAVITDESIGNER /TYPOGRAPHY - ELEMENTS- EVERYONE- NEEDS-TO-
UNDERSTAND -5 FDEA82 F470 D
➢ HTTPS://WWW.COLORMATTERS .COM/COLOR- AND- DESIGN/BASIC- COLOR- THEORY
➢ HTTPS://WWW.VELOCITYCONSULTANCY .COM/IMPORTANCE- OF- A-TYPOGRAPHY - WEBSITE-
DESIGN/