Assignment 01 [Fall 2021] The respondent's email (gazi.mashrur.rahman@g.bracu.ac.bd) was recorded on submission of this form. Which of the following are all application layer protocols? 5/5 © HTTP SMTP IMAP. DHCP, DNS, TCP oO HTTP, SMTP, UDP, IMAP, DHCP, DNS. © FTP DHCP BOOTP v © None of the above is correct. Y Aserver can often tell the proxy server to store a data for acertain 10/10 period of time. Given, you request the following website at Fri, 13 Mar 2020 17:37:12 GMT. Using the information in the following image, explain the flow of the request step by step between the Client, Proxy Server and Origin Server. When the client sends a request to the proxy server for a htm! file, the proxy server searches for the requested file into it's memory and after searching for it, the proxy server will not find any data as the date has already expired. Due to the file not being present in its memory, the proxy server will then send a Conditional-GET request to the origin server in order to fetch a new data from the origin server. The origin server will respond by sending an acknowledgement and will update the date of last-modified. After that, the proxy server sends a response to the client with a copy of the html file. Feedback As the first sentence hints: ’A server can often tell the proxy server to store data for a ‘certain period of time". This directs to the "Expires" field in the header. Next, the request Is made AFTER the time expires. Hence, you will need to show all the steps of fetching data from the origin server Bob and Charles both visit a website at Fri, 14 Mar 2020 17:36:12 GMT. 10/10 Both of them have a connection speed of SMbps and are using pipelined HTTP connection of size 5. What could be two possible reasons for Bob's webpage to load slower than Charles’? ‘Two possible reasons for Bob's webpage to load slower than Charles’ are given below: 1) Bob did not use a Local DNS server whereas Charles used a Local DNS server. If the data is present in the Local DNS server cache, then data can be fetched instantly which will result in Charles's webpage to load faster otherwise the data will be fetched from the Root ONS server which will take more time. 2) Bob's ISP does not have a proxy server whereas Charles's ISP did have a proxy server. Due to using a proxy server, Charles ISP was able to save bandwidth by preventing the download of same content numerous times. Feedback 1. Proxy server; 2. Persistent/Non-persistent connection Aweb page consisting of ___ objects in total will take 1080 ms to load in 5/5 anon-persistent connection. Given, one way transmission time = 9ms; Object Transmission Time = 2*RTT). First: Instead of the RTT, the one-way-transmission time is given. Hence, RTT = 2* oneWayTransmissionTime ‘Second: It's a NP connection, totalFileTransferTime = (2 * roundTripTime + objectTransferTime) * numberOfObject What would be the answer if the above calculation was done for a 5/5 persistent connection (take the ceiling value)? Feedback totalTime = RTT + (RIT+OTT)*numberofObjects % Comment on the two answers you got in the above two questions in 5/5 terms of why their value is higher/lower. The value | got for the persistent connection is higher than that of the non-persistent connection. This is because when a non-persistent connection is used, at most one object is. sent over the TCP connection and after that the connection is closed. In order to download multiple objects, multiple connections are needed. In order to send multiple objects over a single TCP connection between client and server, a persistent HTTP connection is needed. Y Does the above calculation include all the delays that we need to 5/5 consider? Give a short justification. No, the above calculation did not include all the delays that we need to consider such as Access delay, LAN delay and Internet delay. How would the answers differ if you added pipelining? 5/5 © The values would stay the same © The values would reduce © The values would increase v Y Suppose Brac university's internal bandwidth is 200 Mbps, and the 5/5 access link to the BracNet is 20 Mbps. On an average 40 requests of the size 1 Mbits are sent per second. Now what is the LAN delay and the Access delay? © 025s and 2s © 0.20s and 1s © 010s and 1s © 0.02s and 2s © None v v Youare a registered Daraz.com user. Which method should you use when5/5 registering in the website? GET PUT HEAD DELETE OO0O@o00 g < What's the RTT if it took the server 49ms to send the acknowledgement 5/5 of the TCP request of the client? i.e. the acknowledgement packet took 49ms to go from the server to the client Feedback RIT = 2 * oneWayTransmission Using the answer found above, what's the total RTT in a generic recursive 5/5 DNS lookup having two layers of TLD servers? 40 v Feedback A recursive lookup has 4 RTTs in general. Having two layers of TLD means that it adds ONE extra look up for the secondary TLD server. Hence, 5* RTT. VY Would the above delay be added to the total file transfer time of aHTIP 5/5 Request that you make? © ves v O No VY You have visited a website on Jan 1st 2021. You again visit the website 10/10 ‘on the very next day. Comment on the file transmission time of the two visited days. Assume there's no proxy server, but, a Local DNS server is present. The file transmission time of the second day will be the same as the first day of visiting the ‘same website as only the file transmission time of both the days are being considered here. If the full process of loading the website would have been considered then the transmission ‘time of the second day would have been faster when compared to the first day. This is because as the website is being visited for the first time so the Local DNS server is empty now. Due to this the Root DNS server will provide the IP address of that website and this ‘takes time to process. When the host machine makes a DNS query, this Is sent to the Local DNS server. Since the Root DNS server provides the IP address of that website to the Local, DNS Server, the Local DNS Server stores It in its local cache. When I visit the website the next day, Instead of going to the origin DNS server, since the Local DNS server is not empty ‘now so It will grant my DNS request. But since in this question, only the file transmission ‘time is being considered so both the days will have the same transmission time as no proxy server is present in the above scenario. Feedback DNS is a requirement on the first visit. Upon visiting the first time, your machine/Local DNS Server stores the IP address and hence, a visit to the full chain of DNS server is not required. Mention the two record types used to differentiate between web and 5/5 email requests. ‘The two record types used to differentiate between web and email requests are: 1) Type A: This record type is used for web requests. 2) Type MX: This record type is used for email exchanger per request. Feedback The different type of DNS record types....explain the proper ones. Differentiate between the cookies and proxy servers. 10/10 The differences between cookies and proxy servers/ Web caches are: 1) Cookies are related to trace user behavior whereas web caches are related to website loading speed, navigation, easy display and plugins. 2) The size of a web cache data can vary widely. After a page is loaded, it sends some memory files over to our browser and these memory files are copies of the content of the web so the sizes of these files can sometimes reach up to GBs as well. Whereas the sizes of cookies are very less and they take up to three or four KBs on average. 3) Web caches are not automatically removed on some browsers after the expired date has passed so they have to be removed physically whereas cookies are removed automatically ‘on some browsers after the expired date. has passed. 4) Although both web caches and cookies are stored on our device but each of them follow different types of routes. Cookies can travel both from the server to browser as well as from the browser to server so cookies can travel in two directions. This is not the case for web caches as they travel only from server to browser. 5) Cookies are information capsules about the behavior of the machine whereas web caches are copies of website data.