BSI – EXERCÍCIO

Nome: Fábio Bomfim de Pinho (08-1-006030)

COMPUTER LANGUAGES

1 After a problem has been analysed and a detailed program flowchart has been
2 written, the programmer must codify the program. Coding simply involves the translation
3 or conversion of each operation in the flowchart into a computer-understandable
4 language.
5 We have seen that a program is a series of instructions but we have not discussed
6 how the programmer communicates his instructions to the computer. Many types of
7 levels o computer languages are available to aid the programmer in communicating with
8 the computer. Three of the more commonly used types of computer languages are:
9 a) machine language;
10 b) symbolic language;
11 c) procedure-oriented language.
12 Machine language is a series of numbers, letters of the alphabet, or special
13 characters that are used to represent bit patterns which can be recognized by the
14 computer and cause specific operations to take place.
15 A symbolic instruction contains fewer symbols and these symbols may be letters and
16 special characters, as well as numbers. It is easier to write than the machine language
17 equivalent, and easier to read and understand.
18 As for the procedure-oriented language, the programmer has to concentrate on
19 expressing the procedure of solving his problem and not on the understanding of how
20 the compute system will execute it. However, this has to be put into a form acceptable to
21 the machine. The conversion is effected by means of a program called “compiler”. There
22 are a number of such languages, such as ADA,ALGOL, APL, BASIC, COBOL,
23 FORTRAN, LISP, LOGO, PASCAL, PL1 and PROLOG. There are the most commonly
24 used and internationally accepted.

1) Assinale V (Verdadeiro) ou F (Falso) conforme o texto.

a. [ V ] The programmer has to code the program and then analyse it.
b. [ F ] The procedure-oriented language has to be converted into machine language.
c. [ V ] The flowchart expresses the course to be followed for the solution to a problem.
d. [ V ] Specific operations only take place in the computer when bit patterns are recognized.
e. [ F ] A flowchart can be understood by the computer.

2) Combine as colunas.
a) code [ A ] the order of doing things
b) procedure [ D ] a program translator
c) flowchart [ B ] a system of signs
d) compiler [ C ] a graphic representation
[ ] a specific operation

3) Na linha 13, which refere-se a:

a) letters
[X] b) bit patterns
c) special characters
d) numbers
4) Na linha 16, It refere-se a:
a) the alphabet
[X] b) symbolic language
c) a series of numbers
d) machine language

5) Na linha 20, it refere-se a:

a) machine
[X] b) problem
c) language
d) procedure

6) Complete as lacunas com as palavras ou expressões em itálico.

a) procedure-oriented language, language, compiler é a linguagem reconhecida diretamente
pelo computador.
b) flowchart é a representação gráfica das etapas envolvidas na solução de um problema.
c) bit patterns, procedure, instruction é a linguagem usada para expressar o procedimento
conveniente usado na solução de ampla classe de problemas.
d) machine language, procedure é o código que faz com que determinada operação se realiza.
e) code é o conjunto de regras que especificam a maneira pela qual os dados podem ser
representados.

language - bit patterns – code - machine language – procedure - procedure-oriented language –

flowchart – instruction – symbolic language - compiler