Regent Education & Research Foundation,

Group of Institutions
Name of the Topic : Syntactic Processing
Name of the Student : SUPRAKASH MAITY
Name of the Department: Electrical Engineering
Name of the Subject : Artificial intelligence
Roll No : 26301620060
Year : 4th
Semester : 7th
Subject Code : OE-EE-701A
Syntactic Processing
 Contents

 What is syntactic processing

 Example & Brief description
 Types of Syntactic processing
& it’s details description with
example
 Conclusion

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What is Syntactic
Processing…?
The word ‘Syntactic
Processes' deals with the
sentence framing process
indifferent ways. Syntactic
processes are generally
concerned with the
sentences and the
constituents of sentences,
basically it transforms or
generate one structure into
another structure (The deep
structure into surface
structure)
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Example & Brief
details about
Syntactic Processing
For example, let’s take these two sentences:

Delhi is the capital of India.

Is Delhi the of India capital.

Both sentences have the same words, but

only the first one is syntactically correct and
understandable. Basic lexical processing
techniques cannot make this distinction.
Therefore, more sophisticated syntax
processing techniques are needed to
understand the relationship between
individual words in a sentence.
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Example & Brief details about Syntactic
Processing
Syntactical analysis looks at the following aspects in the sentence which lexical doesn’t:
Words order and meaning: Syntactical analysis aims to find how words are dependent on each other. Changing
word order will make it difficult to comprehend the sentence.
Retaining stop-words: Removing stop-words can altogether change the meaning of a sentence.
Morphology of words: Stemming, lemmatization will bring the words to its base form, thus modifying the
grammar of the sentence.
Parts-of-speech of words in a sentence: Identifying correct part-of-speech of a word is important. Example —
‘cuts and bruises on his face’ (Here ‘cuts’ is a noun) & ‘he cuts an apple’ (Here, ‘cuts’ is a verb).
Parsing
One of the most important parts of syntactic processing is parsing. It means to break down a given sentence
into its ‘grammatical constituents’. Let’s understand through an example.
Let’s take another sentence to understand how a parsed sentence looks like: “The quick brown fox jumps over
the table”. The sentence is divided into three main constituents:
‘The quick brown fox’ is a noun phrase , ‘jumps’ is a verb phrase , ‘Over the table’ is a prepositional phrase

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Types of Syntactic processing: -

Recursion - Generative /
re-occurrence

Movement-
Transformation

Conjoining –
Combining

Embedding – Combining

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Recursion
Recursion is repeated application or the repeated
sequential use of a linguistic element or grammatical
structure. It has also been described more simply as
the ability to place one component inside another
component of the same kind. A linguistic element or
grammatical structure that can be used repeatedly in
a sequence is said to be recursive. For example: The
old man the little old man the little poor old man the
clever little poor old man, etc. The above-mentioned
example being the realization of the NP NP + (S) rule
can be diagramed as follows

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Conjoining Or Co-
Ordination
Conjoining occurs when some elements are
added to other similar elements by using-by-
using coordinators. For example: The scene
of the movie was in Dhaka. The scene of the
play was in Dhaka. He is poor. He is honest.
The above four sentences can be turned into
two new sentences by the rule of conjoining.
The scene of the movie and the play was in
Dhaka city. He is poor but honest. The
sentence "The scene of the movie and the
play was in Dhaka city" can be diagramed as
follows

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Movement
There are some processes of
movement of sentence
constituents.
They are:
a) Discontinuous - He pulled down
the thief. - He pulled the thief
down.
b) Deletion: You close the window. -
Close the window.
C) Rearrangement: The door is
white. - Is the door white?
d) Passive: He was driving the car. -
The car was being driven by him.

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Embedding
Embedding happens when the
subordinate clause is added or
embedded with the superordinate or main
clause. The man who sat next to you is my
elder brother.

e.g., The boy spoke to you. The boy is my

brother.
Embedding:- The boy who spoke to you is
my brother.

e.g. ( Prepositional phrase) The house of

mud is awful for its dwellers. - The mud
house is awful for its dwellers.

This sentence can be diagramed in the

following way
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Conclusion
Thus conclude a basic knowledge about
Syntactic Processing , application & types of
its.
Area of use in Artificial Intelligence ,
advancing & developing for the system
mentioned also.
Hope this article is able to provide a basic
concept about Syntactic Processing & its use.

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Thank you

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