Regent Education & Research Foundation,

Group of Institutions
Name of the Topic : Syntactic Processing
Name of the Student : SUPRAKASH MAITY
Name of the Department: Electrical Engineering
Name of the Subject : Artificial intelligence
Roll No : 26301620060
Year : 4th
Semester : 7th
Subject Code : OE-EE-701A
Syntactic Processing
 Contents

 What is syntactic processing

 Example & Brief description
 Types of Syntactic processing &
it’s details description with
example
 Conclusion

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What is Syntactic
Processing…?
The word ‘Syntactic Processes'
deals with the sentence framing
process indifferent ways.
Syntactic processes are
generally concerned with the
sentences and the constituents of
sentences, basically it transforms
or generate one structure into
another structure (The deep
structure into surface structure)

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Example & Brief
details about
Syntactic Processing
For example, let’s take these two sentences:

Delhi is the capital of India.

Is Delhi the of India capital.

Both sentences have the same words, but

only the first one is syntactically correct and
understandable. Basic lexical processing
techniques cannot make this distinction.
Therefore, more sophisticated syntax
processing techniques are needed to
understand the relationship between
individual words in a sentence.

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Example & Brief details about Syntactic
Processing
Syntactical analysis looks at the following aspects in the sentence which lexical doesn’t:
Words order and meaning: Syntactical analysis aims to find how words are dependent on each other. Changing word order will
make it difficult to comprehend the sentence.
Retaining stop-words: Removing stop-words can altogether change the meaning of a sentence.
Morphology of words: Stemming, lemmatization will bring the words to its base form, thus modifying the grammar of the
sentence.
Parts-of-speech of words in a sentence: Identifying correct part-of-speech of a word is important. Example — ‘cuts and bruises on
his face’ (Here ‘cuts’ is a noun) & ‘he cuts an apple’ (Here, ‘cuts’ is a verb).
Parsing
One of the most important parts of syntactic processing is parsing. It means to break down a given sentence into its ‘grammatical
constituents’. Let’s understand through an example.
Let’s take another sentence to understand how a parsed sentence looks like: “The quick brown fox jumps over the table”. The
sentence is divided into three main constituents:
‘The quick brown fox’ is a noun phrase , ‘jumps’ is a verb phrase , ‘Over the table’ is a prepositional phrase

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Types of Syntactic processing: -

Recursion - Generative / re-

1 occurrence

2 Movement-
Transformation

3 Conjoining – Combining

4 Embedding – Combining

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Recursion
Recursion is repeated application or the repeated sequential
use of a linguistic element or grammatical structure. It has
also been described more simply as the ability to place one
component inside another component of the same kind. A
linguistic element or grammatical structure that can be used
repeatedly in a sequence is said to be recursive. For
example: The old man the little old man the little poor old
man the clever little poor old man, etc. The above-
mentioned example being the realization of the NP NP + (S)
rule can be diagramed as follows

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Conjoining Or Co-
Ordination
Conjoining occurs when some elements are
added to other similar elements by using-by-
using coordinators. For example: The scene of
the movie was in Dhaka. The scene of the play
was in Dhaka. He is poor. He is honest. The
above four sentences can be turned into two
new sentences by the rule of conjoining. The
scene of the movie and the play was in Dhaka
city. He is poor but honest. The sentence "The
scene of the movie and the play was in Dhaka
city" can be diagramed as follows

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Movement
There are some processes of movement
of sentence constituents.
They are:
a) Discontinuous - He pulled down the
thief. - He pulled the thief down.
b) Deletion: You close the window. -
Close the window.
C) Rearrangement: The door is white. -
Is the door white?
d) Passive: He was driving the car. -
The car was being driven by him.

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Embedding
Embedding happens when the subordinate clause
is added or embedded with the superordinate or
main clause. The man who sat next to you is my
elder brother.

e.g., The boy spoke to you. The boy is my

brother.
Embedding:- The boy who spoke to you is my
brother.

e.g. ( Prepositional phrase) The house of mud is

awful for its dwellers. - The mud house is awful
for its dwellers.

This sentence can be diagramed in the following

way
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Conclusion
Thus conclude a basic knowledge about Syntactic
Processing , application & types of its.
Area of use in Artificial Intelligence , advancing &
developing for the system mentioned also.
Hope this article is able to provide a basic concept
about Syntactic Processing & its use.

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Thank you

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