Unit 2 Indian Model of Management

Unit 2
Indian Model of
Management
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Concept of Indian Model of Management in the Indian
Socio-Political Environment
Indian ethos focuses on the Principle:
'If you are good, the
whole world is good’
Indian ethos is principally derived from the Upanishads,
Bhagwad Gita and Puranas .
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Concept of Indian Model of Management in the Indian Socio-
Political Environment
Indian ethos places greater emphasis on values and
ethics.
Money is NOT power;
Knowledge, Good Health and Sound Character impart the
Real Power
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Gandhiji Said
‘a Hindu should be a better Hindu, a Muslim a better Muslim, a
Christian a better Christian’
4
Gandhiji Said
‘I must confess to you that when doubts haunt me, when
disappointments stare me in the face, and when I see not one ray
of light on the horizon, I turn to the Bhagawad Gita and find a verse
to comfort me and immediately begin to smile in the midst of
overwhelming sorrow.
My life has been full of external tragedies and if they have not left
any visible and indelible effect on me,
I owe it to the teaching of the Bhagawad Gita’
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Religion does not means Dharma
righteousness, charity, essence, duty, role,
governance, etc.
Indian culture (bharatiya sanskruti): Nurturing values like truth,
righteousness, peace, love and non-violence is true Indian
culture.
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Taittiriya Upanishad insists

one to respect/ worship mother, father, preceptor(teacher) and
guest as if each one were God
Matru devo bhava
Pitru devo bhava
Acharya devo bhava
Athithi devo bhava
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Indian society also reveres the role of
teachers
‘Teaching is the noblest of all professions.
It is also the holiest sadhana for self-realisation. For,
it involves the cultivation of selfless love and the
showering and sharing of that love.
A teacher moulds the rising generation into
self-confident, self-reliant, self-conscious individuals.
A teacher is the architect of
happy homes, prosperous communities and peaceful nations.
He/she equips not only himself/herself with
knowledge and skills to inform and instruct,
but also the vision and insight to inspire and transform his/her
students.
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Children absorb from the habits and manners, behaviour

and beliefs of teachers and elders.
Teachers must excel in humility, simplicity, morality and integrity, so
that education results in excellence
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4
Swaraj (Self-Rule)
capacity for dispassionate

objective/unbiased/impartial self-assessment,
ceaseless self-purification and growing self-reliance
Spiritual Leadership
Rajarshi Leadership
‘quinquennial convocation’ of
tyaga and seva (renunciation and service), the two

strongest pillars of Bharat’s sanatan Indian
culture and society
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Concept of Indian Model of Management in the Indian Socio-Political
Environment
Bharat speak about the four goals of life:

 Dharma: living in consonance with creation and society
 Artha: generating wealth of good education, health, character

and material wellbeing) for oneself and others
 Kama: satisfying basic desires (a life of comfort, health,

enjoyment and respect for one’s family and community)
 Moksha: attaining spiritual fulfillment or liberation

अर्शा स्र
India is a Birthplace of Arthshastra: Kautilya* कौटिल्याचे अर्ाा
accounting, administration/statecraft and, more importantly, the
philosophical underpinnings of administration
*Finest Management Thinker the world ever produced. Teacher in
University (Monastery) of Takshashila, He played Vital Role in
establishing 1st Empire of Chandragupta Maurya
In the happiness of his subjects lies the king’s happiness, in their
welfare his welfare. He shall not consider only that which pleases him
but treat as beneficial to him whatever pleases his subjects. He spoke
about the qualities essential for a wise and virtuous king (rajarshi):
Temptations of Senses; continuously Improving Self-discipline &

learning; being an example for others in practicing dharma;
cultivating intellect the welfare and having association with elders; and
security of people and enriching their life by doing good unto them.
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Concept of Indian Model of Management in the Indian Socio-Political
Environment 1.परोपकशरशर्ा इदं र्रीर
2.आत्मनो
1. Paropakaaraartham
idam sareeram मोक्षशमार्
2. Atmano mokshartham ्ज ग त हितशय च

3.यद्नयशचरत:कम:र् (4)
jagat hitayacha
3. Yagnayacharatah karma 4.परस्परं भशवयन्त: श्रेय:
4. Parasparam bhavayantah sreyah
परमवशप्सस्यर(3)
param avapsyatha
5.योग: कमसर्् कौर्लं (2)
6.सत्यं नशस्स्त परो धम:
5. Yogah karmasu kaushalam
7.स्वधमे तनधनं श्रेय:(3)

6. Satyam naasti paro dharmah
7. Sva-dharme nidhanam sreyah
8. Na hi kaschit ksanam api jatu 8.न हि कस्स्चचत् क्षणमपप जशत ्
tisthaty akarma-krt ततष्ठत्यकमकर्् त ्(3)
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Political Environment .
1.Paropakaaraartham idam shareeram -
परोपकारार्ा
इदं र्रीर
Sun gives light and warmth, Flowers smells, Cow gives milk, River Flows,
Human Beings/ Individuals?
Organization Citizenship Behavior (OCB) – that
behavior which is NOT a part of a formal job requirement
but promotes Organisational Effectiveness.
Organisations are looking for individuals who practice OCB.
Such employees Outperform those that don’t.
Self-interest transcendence (excellence/ superiority)

2. Atmano mokshartham jagat hitayacha –
आत्मनमोक्षामा र् ् जगत ् टिताय
For the liberation of the self and the good
of the world.
Our actions are to be guided by their
relation to the world.
(Philanthropic Approach)
E.g. Swami Vivekanand
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3.Yagnayacharatah karma - यद्नयाचरत:
कम:र्
yagna (sacrifice)
1. Brahma yagna – Studying and assimilating the sacred teachings

Prophet Mohemmed Poor man sits next to Rich
in one’s own life and conveying the experiential

man
knowledge to
others
2. Manushya yagna– Serving fellow human being and guest.
3. Pitru yagna – Honouring one’s ancestors
4. Bhuta yagna – Serving living beings, making offerings/food

to all creatures;
5. Deva yagna – Worshipping the Cosmic Powers
Khalil Gibran says, ‘Work is Love made visible’
4. Parasparam bhavayantah sreyah param avapsyatha – पर परं
भावयन्त:श्रेय: परमवाप्सस्त्यर
May we assist and satisfy and please one another to attain the
highest good and welfare of all (CSR: Ecological Balance)
vasudhaiva kutumbakam
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5. Yogaha Karmasu Kaushalam - योग: कमसर्कौर्लं
Dexterity (skill), Flexibility and Excellence in Action are

Yoga
Skills Development
6. Satyam Nasti Paro Dharma - सत्यंना त परोधम:र्
No dharma is higher than the truth
Never go back on your word/s

God is bhaava priya भावटिय - He delights in the internal feeling.
Humans are baahya Priya बा टिय - They crave for what

is external.’
Tatas had not expanded as much in the 1960s and 1970s as some
other groups had, JRD replied: “I have often thought about that. If
we had done some of the things that some other groups have done,
we would have been twice as big as we are today. But we didn’t, and
I would not have it any other way”.
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7. Sva-dharme Nidhanam Sreyah - धमे
ननधनं श्रेय:
No duty is ugly, no duty is impure Chaturvarnya System
(चत )
श ्वणार् य
Brahman, Kshtriy, Vaishya, Kshudra
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8
Na hi kaschit ksanam api jatu tisthaty akarma-krt नटि क चचत ्
. क्षणमिप जात् नतष्ठत्यकमकर्् त
Due to the influence of the latent/ hidden qualities,

we cannot, even for a moment, remain without doing work.
Why work? To Purify the Mind and the Heart (chittashuddhi) What is
work? A Sacrifice, (yagna). It is a mode of Worshipping the Divine How
to work? With Renunciation & Service (tyaga and seva)
What is the spirit of work? Excellence and Perfection
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Salient Features of Indian Socio-Political
Environment
• Focus on Lifestyle
• Standard of living and Maximising Quality of Life (QoL): Consumer Goods,
Services. Society & environment
• Focus Towards Business Policy
• As per Current Business Situation. Favourable for the business environment
• Existence of Human Orientation and Values
• hard work, truthfulness, obedience, good manners, peace and harmony
• Simple Living Simple Thinking
• give more energy and thought to the development of spiritualiasm.
intelligence is more important than materialistic acquisitions, ethics is more
important than economics
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Indian Model of Management in the Indian Socio-Political
Environment
9
1
Salient Features of Indian Socio-Political Environment
• Indian ethos focuses on the existence of human being as a truth. There is nothing more perfect
than the supreme soul.
• Indian ethos focuses on the following principle: ‘If you are good, the whole world is good’.
• Indian ethos is principally derived from the Upanishads, Bhagwad Gita and Puranas.
• In accordance with Indian ethos, one must successfully strike a balance between spiritual values
and secular values so that even a rich person can lead a life of materialism and spirituality.
• Indian ethos places greater emphasis on values and ethics. Money is not power; knowledge, good
health and sound character impart the real power.
• Indian ethos places emphasis on inner resources. Inner resources are much more powerful than
outer resources.
• According to Indian ethos, total quality management can be assured through excellence at work
through self-motivation and self-development. The following are some of the elements of Indian
Ethos relevant to management that can improve work culture in organisation:
• All work is an opportunity for doing good deeds in the world, thus, gaining materially and
spiritually in our work.
• One who delivers his duties with a calm and composed mind achieves the most.
• As we think, so we succeed, so we become.
• Strength and cooperation for excelling in work are bestowed by the divine.
• All beings will enjoy the highest good by mutual cooperation and respect. 9
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Law of Karma
• for whatsoever a man soweth, that shall he also reap: King James
Version of Bible, 6:7 :As you sow, so shall you reap
• Concept of Sanchit: Incidence of Rich Man-

Wants to take everything with him when he dies-
• law of karma ensures accountability: An individual is responsible

for whatever happens to her/him. If one is responsible for a
positive action, the fruit will be positive too. Similarly, if one is
responsible for a negative action, the result will also be negative.
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3
Law of Karma and Its
Relevance in Business
Settings
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Law of Karma and Its Relevance in Business Settings
If you want love in your life, be loving to yourself
.
1. The Great law

• Also known as the law of Cause and Effect
• Whatever thoughts or energy we put out, we get back— good
or bad. It’s like sowing and reaping.
• If you truly are an ethical proprietor, the kindness, knowledge
and extraordinary help you bestow on your customers will
get you greater returns in terms of revenue and profits.
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You are the co-creator of making what you want, based on your intentions
2. The law of Creation

• All about creating. You don’t just wait for good things to
magically happen in your business; you have to actively go out
there and make things happen.
• Highly successful businesses are constantly searching for
creative ways to identify customer needs and offer products
and services to meet those customer needs.
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.
3. The law of Humility (modesty/ Humbleness)

• In order to change something in your life, you first
have to accept what currently exists.
• Highly successful business owners are constantly
assessing their current knowledge and seeking out education,
training and/or new employees that will help them to better
serve their clients.
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.
4. The law of Growth

• Universal law of growth is about expansion, namely within
ourselves. As we grow, change, and evolve internally, our
external reality will change and grow as a result.
• Personal development, education and training can come into
play. And growth potential never ends— there are always new
things to learn, and better ways to be that trusted business
owner.
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You are the product of the choices you make
5. The law of Responsibility

Taking ownership for everything that happens in our lives, including
the not-so-good stuff. We are responsible for how we show up in the
world, how we allow others to treat us, and how we treat others. In
order to put this law into action take responsibility, for the part you
play in every customer interaction.
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Who you are today is the result of your previous actions
e.
6. The law of Connection
• Everything and every person is connected in some way. For

example, although the past you, the present you, and the
future you may seem entirely different, they are all still you.
Everything you’ve experienced has led to the next thing and the
next thing and the next thing. It’s all linked. The same
applies to your business. Recommendations come from
past customer. Your reputation is the sum of your
past actions. (Goodwill)
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0
If you focus on higher values like love and peace, then you’re less likely to be distracted by heavy feelings of resentment, greed, or anger

w
7. The law of Force/ Focus

• Although some of us may claim to be a pro at multi-tasking, the
inclination to do everything at once often just slows us down.
The law of force states that you cannot apply your energy
toward two things simultaneously. Our days are full of
distractions.
• Realize there are times you will need to give full attention and
devotion to a customer to serve their needs.
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.
8. The law of Giving and Hospitality

• Selflessness, giving to others, and practicing what you preach.
It’s about ensuring that you’re not simply saying and thinking
good thoughts, but that you also walk-the-talk and follow those
beliefs with action.
• Some of our best referrals come from helping a customer solve
a problem – even when extra time or expense was necessary.
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Look around the room you are in, focus your eyes on something, blink, and say ‘I am here
9. The law of Here and Now

• Being in present. Many of us dwell too much on the past – to
the point of distraction. If, instead, we live in the here and now
and are attuned to what we are doing, seeing, and really
listening…
• we won’t be disconnected when we are interacting with
customers. You will notice that the energy is different, and
the experience is more engaging and rewarding, and your mind
will be more focused.

w One Feels Bored when One Doesn’t Progress…Vivekanand
10. The law of Change

• If you’ve found yourself experiencing the same
undesirable situation over and over again, this may be due to
the law of change in action. It’s the universe’s way of nudging
you to learn a lesson.
• The pattern will continue to repeat itself until you connect your
feelings and learn from the experience; and take action in
order to change the pattern.
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It’s no good living healthily for one day and then sabotaging it in the next
11. The law of Patience and Reward

• This karmic law essentially translates to “hard work pays off.”
It’s about showing up and doing the work and not giving up on
your big goals, even when you don’t see any progress made
toward them quite yet.
• Live in accordance with this karmic law by knowing that
achieving great things requires time and persistence, not giving
up, celebrating yourself, and savoring every little milestone you

achieve along your journey.
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12. The law of Significance and Inspiration
We all have value to give. By extension, training,
experience and commitment are meant to be

shared……with your customers and you will make a
positive impact. Many of our customers have less than

full knowledge of your product/service. So, your
expertise is critical to them.
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1.The Law of Cause and Effect. Reward and appreciate your co-workers and customers
and they will pay you back ten-fold.
2.The Law of Creation. Hire inspired, motivated, winners and only then will your company
find great success. 3.The Law of Humility. If you see others in a negative way then you
are not focused on success, but competition.
4.The Law of Growth. If you want to see your career or business grow, you must
continually change your views to evolve.
5. The Law of Responsibility. You must take responsibility for your career and business
and not blame
anyone but yourself for its failure.
6.The Law of Connection. Every minute of every day is of the same amount of
importance, so you can never think of negativity or laziness.
7. The Law of Focus. Focus on positive outcomes and success, and these will become
your reality.
8. The Law of Giving. Speak the truth about who you are and what you do each day.
9.The Law of Here and Now. Old thought patterns and habits will not allow you to move
forward, so you must think in “ t h e n o w ” to react in real-time.
10. The Law of Change. You must recognize that when you fail, y o u ’ r e being guided to
success.
11.The Law of Patience and Reward. If you love your company and job, you will become a
great success. 12.The Law of Significance and Inspiration. If you put out positive
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energy and help others, you will receive these gifts again and again in your career.
• https://www.business2community.com/cus
t omer-experience/12-laws-karma-will-
change-customer-experience-01547051
• https://www.wellandgood.com/12-laws-
of- karma/
• https://www.healthline.com/health/laws-
of- karma
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Indian Ethos, Indian Heritage Scripture in Business Management
Indian ethos refers to the principles of self-management and

governance of society, entity or a system by wisdom as revealed and
brought-forth by great scriptures like Veda, Upanishads, Gita,
Mahabharata, Bible and Quran
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Indian Ethos, Indian Heritage Scripture in Business Management
In a diverse and complex country like India, it’s

difficult to impart generic conclusions that could be
used by those wanting to do business here.
Regionalism, religion, language and caste are all
factors that need to be taken into account when
doing business in India. Behavior, etiquette and
approach are all modified depending on whom you
are addressing and the context in which they are
being addressed.
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Production & Consumption
• According to Indian Heritage man’s attitude towards his
social existence shifted towards duties, obligations and
sacrifice
• He believed in “Simple Living; High Thinking”
• Indian heritage emphasized that the essence of civilization
lies not in multiplication of wants but in the purification
of human character.
• Production: It can be defined as conversion of inputs into
output through a transformation process.
• Man, Money, Machine, Material and Management are 5 M’s
of input.
• The result of this may be finished products, goods and
services.
• Goods produced mean manufacturing products and
services like hospitals, communication and rental
transport services etc.
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• It can be defined as consuming the
produced goods and services.
• Customers are those who buy products and consumers are
those who finally consume the products
• E.g. Parents buy toys for their children. Here parents
are customers and children are the consumers.
• Production and consumption are directly connected to
each other. If there is no demand of
the product and services, then there is no need of there
production. If consumption of goods and services
increases, then production will increase
automatically,
.
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• Lessons Drawn from Indian Heritage for Production,

Consumption and other Economic Activities:
• The production and consumption has completely changed
over the years.
• Now the trend is to move towards more reliable, more
efficient and safer modes of production and
consumption.
• It is very much evident that production process of any
country focuses on social benefits.
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Impact of spiritual consideration:

• Ancient days witnessed coordination between अर्ा (money) and
कमर् (duty)
• The central point of human existence was striking a proper
balance between the amount of efforts and the amount of
remuneration attached to it
• Utilitarianism: the belief that the right course of action is the
one that will give the greatest happiness to the greatest
number of people
Egalitarianism: all people are equal and deserve equal rights

and opportunities.
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The role of great economists

• more of giving and less of grabbing
Increase in per capita income
• Spiritual Growth in earlier days.
• Now it’s Physical & Spiritual Progress
Use of resources
• advocates the prudent (care and thought for future) and
economic use of resources in the development of man but does
not advocate irresponsible and indiscriminate use of resources
• optimum use of resources and conservation of natural resources.
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Spiritual Practice: SADHANA: Sa means True Wealth, Dhana means Money
The Real Currency you can use anywhere;

In pursuit of money, man descends to the level of the beast.
Plan to be rich in virtue, in devotion and in dedication to good

causes. Be rich in sovereign (supreme/superior) character.
Steady adherence to truth, renunciation, genuine prema (love),
self-less service
‘Our ancients laid down four avenues for the utilisation of wealth
or earnings. One fourth: Personal Use and for Supporting the
Family. Another fourth: Charitable and Religious Purposes. A
third quarter: Other Living things like animals, birds, etc. The
remaining fourth: Supporting the State.
It is only when one’s wealth is utilised in this manner will it be
really beneficial and meaningful.
Do not gather and heap up and store up for yourselves treasures
on earth, where moth and rust and worm consume and destroy,
and where thieves break through and steal...where your treasure
is, there will your heart be also.’: Bible
‘If money helps a man to do good to others, it is of some value;

but if not, it is simply a mass of evil, and the sooner it is got rid
of, the better: Swami Vivekananda
Money doesn’t bring suffering, stupidity does: Sadguru
‘Sins can be destroyed by charity.’ If you give, the whole

wealth of the world will be yours: Swami Sivananda
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Economics of Giving
In the Mahabharata, Bhishma said to Yudhishtira, ‘Rulers should

be like good householders. If householders are like trees planted
in compounds, rulers are like huge trees that grow at the
crossroads. A common householder should extend hospitality to
his guests; a ruler should provide protection and support to the
poor, the homeless, the destitute, the old and the widowed.’
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All Religions Speak About…
Tendencies that misdirect man from his

innate sense of perfection: षड-ररप् (Six
foes/ enemies) कशम (Desire), क्रोध(Anger),
मो ह् / लोभ (Greed/ Delusion), म द (Pride),
Envy, ego.
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One evening an old Cherokee (ethnic people from the regions of
North America) told his grandson about a battle that goes on inside
people. He said: My son, the battle is between ‘two wolves’ inside
us all. One is Evil: It is anger, envy, jealousy, sorrow, regret, greed,
arrogance, selfpity, guilt, resentment, inferiority, lies, false pride,
superiority, and ego. The other is Good: It is joy, peace, love, hope,
serenity, humility, kindness, benevolence, empathy, generosity,
truth, compassion, and faith. The grandson thought about it for a
minute, and then asked his grandfather: Which wolf wins?
The old Cherokee simply replied: The one you feed
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Management Lessons from Indian Heritage Scriptures
Living Life to the Fullest: 4 Financial Lessons from the Vedas
• You Need to Earn Wealth by Deeds of Glory

(Brilliance/Success/ Fame)
• (Rig Veda Samhita vi-19-10)
• A Man Shall Strive to Win Wealth by the Righteous Path
• (Rig Veda Samhita x-31-2)
• One Who Gets Up Early Morning Gets the Treasure
• (Rig Veda Samhita i-125-1)
• One Shall Produce Fair Wealth for Today and Tomorrow
• (Rig Veda Samhita vi-71-6)
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Management Lessons from Ramayana
Rama had said: Mother and Motherland are greater than
heaven
जननन जन्मभम् मचच गार्दिप गररयमस

Goal Oriented
Ascertaining the Goals, or Job to be done
Getting Mentally Prepared for it
Having a Right Plan
Training Analysis and Time Management
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Rama had said: Mother and Motherland are greater than heaven:
Analyzing the Strengths and Weaknesses of the

Competitor and what Threats and Opportunities are
there in the business
Looking for Better Opportunity
United Goal Work and Unity of Command
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Rama had said: Mother and Motherland are greater than heaven: जननन
जन्मभम् मचच गार्दिप गररयमस
Differences between Good and Bad manager
 Ravana: Bad manager: Did not listen to his Subordinates:
Mismanagement: Failed to maintain good relations even
with own brother Vibhishan
 Rama: Good manager: Listened to his subordinates &
treats everyone equally: Has good relations with everyone:
Clarity about the goals
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Management Lessons from Indian
Heritage Scriptures

heaven:
As Ram left Comfort Zone for 14 years (वनवशस) and end-up
connecting with less people; CEOs and Marketing Managers
should go to such market which is unidentified and
untapped
An alliance with Sugreeva, coupled with an out-of-the-box

unconventional army, eventually leads to Sita getting traced
and Ravana getting vanquished; Mergers & Alliances
based on mutual respect & trust leads to better market
share. Mighty objectives can be achieved even based on
frugal (economical) resources
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Heritage Scriptures

heaven:
When Sita gets banished (expelled) from the kingdom,

Rama’s role was that of a true-blue CEO whose loyalty to
the company’s overall welfare is unflinching (unwavering/
unshattered/ persistent/ fearless)
CEOs and managers who entertain amorous(sexual desire)
intentions in respect of women team members and
managements which look the other way just because they
accord a higher priority to business goals than to the
character of their top bosses could take a leaf out of Rama’s
conduct
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Management Lessons from Mahabharata
What to Chose?:
Duryodhan: Krishna’s Large Army (Quantity); Arjuna:
Krishna’s Wisdom (Quality) (Effective Manager)
 Detachment
 from the ‘Fruits of Work’;

 working FOR generation of excellence and with dedication
 And NOT keeping Promotion, Commission in Mind
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Bhishma said to Yudhishtira
“Rulers should be like good householders.

If householders are like trees planted in compounds, Rulers
are like huge trees that grow at the crossroads. A common
householder should extend hospitality to
his guests; a Ruler should provide protection and support
to the poor, the homeless, the destitute, the old and the
widowed.”
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Neither mother, nor father, nor brother, nor wife, nor the son, nor
the priest is above the law, and if any of them transgress
(disobey) dharma,
Even, the king is also not considered above the law
(‘Shanti Parva’, 121.60 and 91.32).
Leader-manager (king) who governs with
equality and impartiality is applauded and praised
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The world is one huge battlefield.
The real Kurukshetra is within you.
The battle of the Mahabharata is still raging within.
Ignorance is Dhritarashtra;
Individual Soul is Arjuna; the Indweller of your heart is
Lord Krishna, the charioteer; the body is the chariot;
Senses are the five horses; mind, egoism, mental
impressions, senses, cravings, likes and
dislikes, lust, jealousy, greed, pride and hypocrisy are your dire
enemies.’
Swami Sivananda, Bhagavad Gita, 4th July, 1942
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Management Lessons from Indian Heritage Scriptures:
Bhagavad Gita
Preamble: In the EPIC Mahabharata from Ancient Mythological
Stories of India,
Fight
between
two
cousin
families
Kaurava
s&
Pandav
as for
the
Kingdom
65
Management Lessons from Indian Heritage Scriptures: Bhagavad Gita
Arjuna said NO to fight saying “How can
I fight with and kill my OWN people?”
At then Lord Krishna, who has taken

the responsibility of being his Chariot’s
chauffeur though being a GOD,
ADVISED and PURSUADED
him to FIGHT…telling him how his
thinking was negative, futile and
unnecessary and…
…the Great Literature born out of Lord

Krishna’s advice is BhagwadGeeta
66
all MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES and
PHILOSOPHIES
are included
in BhagwadGeeta
Written about 5000 years ago
67
Heritage Scriptures
Management
Lessons
from
Mahabharata
Bhagavad Gita
13
6
Heritage Scriptures
Management Lessons from Bhagwadgeeta
Chapter 1: Yoga of Arjuna’s Dilemma अध्याय 1
Faith in Own Team, Team Members and their Capabilities,

Utilization of Available Resources, Motivation, Power &
Politics, SWOT Analysis and Competitor Analysis, Stress and
Anxiety, Act of Despair
69
Heritage Scriptures
.
Chapter 2: Yoga of Transcendental/ Supernatural/ Divine/ Inspiring/ Perfect Knowledge
Stress, Dutifulness, Doing the Assigned Work, Agony, Anxiety,

Confusion, Ups and Downs in Business, Stages of Product Life
Cycle, Success or Failure in Business, Learning Organization-
Freezing & Unfreezing, Work Life Balance, Balance of Mind, Goals,
Self-development and Self-belief, Ethics, Kaizen, The Vision and
Behaviour, Dynamic Action, Work Ethics, Knowledge Management,
Leadership, Stable Mind, Sexual Harassment, Management by
Exception, More the Knowledge; Less the Ego
70

Chapter 3: Yoga of Action अध्याय 3: क म यो ग Concentration in Action
Is Knowledge is superior to Action?, Role of Action, Act, Manage the Time, Input-
Process-Output, Health and Action, Sacrifice, Mutual Agreement and Win-win,
Strategic Policies, Policies with ‘Sharing’ Aspect, I Standardization,
Environmental Balance and Green Business, Self-actualization, Inner
Satisfaction, Leadership Benchmarking, Setting Standards, Goodwill & Social
Equilibrium, Role Clarity and Work-Satisfaction, Merits/ Capabilities/ Qualities
and Ego, Inner Willingness and Dedication to Work, Educate the Ignorance,
Training and Development, Achieving Knowledge for Self-development, Every
Individual is Different and Human Resource Management, Individual
Knowledge, Skills and Abilities/ Attitudes and Tasks Suiting Your Skills-set,
Knowing the Self, Superiority Complex
71
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 4: Yoga of Knowledge अध्याय 4:दयान कमर् सयास योग
CSR, Award, Recognition and Punishment, Equitable Pay, Positive

and Negative Motivation, JA (job analysis), JD (job description) & JS
(job specification), Work Decides the Culture and Not the Birth,
Perfection in Action, Action and In-action, Do’s and Don’ts,
Learning and Development for Knowledge Management, Strategic
Decision Making, Goodwill, Loyalty and Dedication, Different
methods of L & D, Knowledge and Performance, Deserving and Apt
Superior, Positivity in Negativity, Knowledge; the Supreme Power,
Unethical Practices
72
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 5: Yoga of Renunciation अध्याय 5:सयास योग
Peace of Mind, Success is not of an Individual, Application of

Knowledge, Skills and Abilities/ attitudes, Competencies and
Complex, Benchmarking Competencies, Superiority vs Inferiority
Complex, Matching Goals and Tenure with the Organizations,
Egalitarianism, Perfect and Supreme, Stable, Stress-free
Professional, Self-actualization, Stress Management, Way to
Practice Meditation
73
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 6: Yoga of Self-control अध्याय 6: आत्मसं यम यो ग
Meditation and Self-control – For Relaxation & Managing Stress,

Yoga: Action and Inaction, Benchmark Yourself, Only ‘YOU’ can
decide to perform, Internal and External Customers, Stress
Management - Process of Meditation, Pre-requisites of Meditation/
Yoga, Self-actualization, Empathy and HR Policies, Goal Congruence
and Loyalty, Supporting Environment, Hygiene and Motivator
Factors of Job Satisfaction, Fluctuating Mind, Proper Practice and
Work-Life Balance, Excellence in Practice, Sincerity of Efforts always
Pays, Sustainability of Perfection, Perfection and Longevity, Supreme
Goal and Self-actualization, Agility, Noble Human Being
74
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 7: Yoga of Knowledge & Science अध्याय 7:दयान
िवदयान योग
Comprehension of Knowledge, Participation in Management,
Human Beings as per Medical Science, Interpersonal Relationships
and Noble Human Beings, Organization is Supreme,
Departmentation in Organizations, Inferior & Ignorant Professionals,
Who are the Professionals?, Knowledge is Supreme, As you plough;
as you yield, Goodwill and Brand Image, HR Analytics and Talent
Management, Organizational Power and Politics, Faith in the
Organization, Superannuation and Fringe Benefits
75
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 8: Yoga of Eternity (unending) अध्याय8:

अक्षरब्र योग
 Who’s who?, Concentration leads to accomplishment, SOP

(standard operating procedure) must be followed, Skills
Development and Change Management
76
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 9: Yoga of Sovereign Knowledge and Secret
अध्याय 9: राजिवद्या राजगह्य योग
Supreme Knowledge, Clarity of Knowledge, Abstract Knowledge,

Application of Knowledge, Knowledge – the Driver of the Globe,
Ignorance of Importance of Knowledge, Corrupt use of Knowledge,
Proper use of Knowledge, Diversity of Knowledge, Existence of
Knowledge, Knowledge and Allied Knowledge, Expertise of
Knowledge, Sincerity of Gaining Knowledge, Genuineness to Gain
Knowledge, No Disparity to gain Knowledge
77
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 10: Yoga of Super power/ Idolism अध्याय 10: िवभन्त यो ग
What is an idol?, What I am?

There is some supernatural power which controls the existence and non-
existence of human beings on the earth. Professionally, this paranormal
power may be the God which an individual worships, the deity or guru which
an individual have faith in, idol which an individual considers ideal, god-
father which an individual adores and follows, any other power on which an
individual has extreme trust, belief and confidence and so forth.
78
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 11: Yoga of Showcase of the Universe अध्याय 11:
िवचवरूपदर्नर् योग
Universal Presence, Limitless Global, Vision to be Global, Global

View, Anxiety & Stress, Globe
– Universal Competition, Global PLC, Growth of FDI and Sovereign
Countries, Global Challenges

and Changes, Vision of being Global
79
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 12: Yoga of Devotion अध्याय 12:भ त योग
Who is real devotee?, Types in Industries, No business is superior

or inferior, Balanced Person is Liked by Top Authorities
80
Chapter 13: Yoga of Field and Field- Knowledgeable
अध्याय 13:क्षेर क्षेरदय योग
What are field and field professional?, Skills Development,

Born with and Learnt Later, Skills and Dexterity, Development
of Skills, Willingness in Skills Development, Collected Mind,
Basic Skills, Positive and Negative Skills, Skills and Goals
81
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 15: Yoga of Sovereign Being अध्याय 15: परु्षोतम योग
Apex Position Leaders, Qualities of a Leader, Leader has his own

aura, Vision of the Leader, Participative Leader, Charismatic
Leader or Social Leader, Moral and Immoral Leaders, Succession
Planning
82
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 16: Yoga of Division of Wealth: Divine & Evil
अध्याय16:दै वासर्सपंदिवभागयोग
Final Destination-Self-actualization, Job Duties, Attributes of a Divine

Personality, Attributes of a Devil Personality, Attributes of a Devil Personality:
Sceptical (doubts) and Immoral, Attributes of a Devil Personality: Corporeal
Desires, Attributes of a Devil Personality: Unethical Practices and Misguiding,
Attributes of a Devil Personality: Fake promises, Attributes of a Devil
Personality: Sensory Pleasures, Attributes of a Devil Personality: “I” – the Ego,
Attributes of a Devil Personality: Goes to Dooms, Attributes of a Devil
Personality: Showy and Fake, Attributes of a Devil Personality: Envy and False
Comparison, Attributes of a Devil Personality: Evil Genetics, Attributes of a Devil
Personality: Tragic and Unfortunate Ends, Attributes of a Devil Personality:
Loses Everything in Life
83
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 17: Yoga of 3 Categories of Values

अध्याय 17: श्रद्धारयिवभाग योग
Values & Beliefs and Business Strategies, Food Habits, Duties and
Responsibilities (Sacrifices), Contemplation/ Values: Sattvik,
Rajasik, Tamasi, Philanthropy, Faith and Trust
84
Heritage Scriptures
Chapter 18: Yoga of Emancipation (free from social, legal &political) and Relinquishment
(tyag)
अध्याय18: मोक्षसयास योग
Sanyas and Tyag, Performance of Actions as a Duty, Prescribed Duties, Say “No” to
Unethical Work, Put in Efforts without Expectations of Returns, No Expectation; No
Frustration, Five Elements of Flawless Work, Knowledge-the Motivator of Action, Types
of Knowledge, Types of Actions, Types of Doers/ Task Performers, Types of Intellect
Based Strategies, Types of Determination, Types of Happiness, You are either Sattvik,
Rajasi or Tamasi, Duties of Virtues, Gaining Perfection & Excellence in one’s Duty/ Skills
Development/ Personal Development, Precision in Work, Role Clarity, Perfection and
Persistence Lead to Knowledge Enhancement, Attaining Perfection and Knowledge,
Supernatural Inspiration towards Work, Work Involvement, Self-misconception and
Superiority Complex, Egotist Nature, KSAs (knowledge, skills and abilities) are Driving
Forces, Accept the Reality and Do Your Best
85
Leadership Pointers from Kautilya Arthshastra
Chanakya also known as Kautilya or Vishnugupt. He was an ancient

Indian teacher, philosopher, economist, jurist and royal advisor
who authored the ancient Indian political treatise, the
Arthashastra.
As such, he is considered the pioneer of the field of political science
and economics in India, and his work is thought of as an important
precursor to classical economics. His works were lost near the end
of the Gupta Empire.
Chanakya assisted the first Mauryan emperor Chandragupta in his
rise to power. He is widely credited for having played an important
role in the establishment of the Maurya Empire. Chanakya served as
the chief advisor to both emperors Chandragupta and his son
Bindusara
86
• A person should not be too honest. Straight trees are cut

first and honest people are used first.
• A man is great by deeds, not by birth.
• Education is the best friend. An educated person is
respected everywhere. Education beats the beauty and the
youth.
87
Trait Theory of Leadership: Kautilya has

stated that, an
ideal king is one who has the highest qualities of leadership, is
intellectual and possesses good personal attributes
Transformational leadership: raises the pioneer more elevated

amounts of inspiration and profound quality in which leader
encourage, motivate, inspire and create change that will help
company to grow (ELON MUSK) whereas Transactional leadership:
is portrayed by a trade procedure, order, structure or bargaining
thought process.
Kautilya believed that the characteristics that moulded a leader
should be based on values
88
Duties of a leader: Kautilya greatly stresses on the functions of a

king and on his effective, efficient and truthful governance of his
State. It presents two pillars of the craft of a king’s governance
which are justice and ethics.
Human element of leadership: Kautilya: Leadership is balancing

between emotion and reason. A person is as good leader when he
understands people are mixed of both the positive and negative
emotions.
89
• Kautilya’s Arthshashtra talks about responsibilities of king

which also includes his policy for society growth, labour and
preventive measures for calamities.
• The king should make sure that the ministers are also
working for the betterment of the people.
• King should test their capacity before appointing them. All the
officials should be appointed based on their potential.
• King should have humility even to those who are defeated.
90
• Networking and Alliances: Kautilya stresses the king on the

importance of building allies and network strategically. Each ally
is to be dealt with as per his unique attributes. Avoid ecological
vulnerability alliances.
• Imbalance by size, assets, reputation or market position can't be
totally controlled. Organizations together should manage
escalated outside rivalry, abbreviated product cycles, taking off
capital speculation costs and the perpetually developing interest
for new advancements.
• Unrivalled (better than everyone or everything of the same
type) assets can likewise rise up out of a collaboration.
• Organizations should strengthen their regions from outside risks
& alliances. 91
• Strategic communication is getting the correct message, through

the correct media, to the right group of onlookers at the perfect
time and with the correct impact
• Powerful communication has an imperative mental impact and
assumes an essential part in wartime similarly as in peacetime
• Delegation of Powers: Fruitful designation urges workers to
think freely and have a feeling of proprietorship. Feel of an
independent mind and draw on their experience and insight
• Kautilya compares strengthening with delegation and
concentrates on passing force from higher hierarchical levels to
lower ones.
92
• Crisis Management: how a king is to conduct a SWOT analysis

before gearing up a campaign
• Eight different factors are listed by Kautilya for crisis
management:
• Power
• Place of operations
• Time of military engagement
• Season for marching towards battleground and Troop mobilization
• Possibility of revolts and rebellions in the rear, losses, expenses, gains;
and dangers.
• The main element, king has three components:
• Scholarly power (which empowers a king to make target examination and
• Excitement
make remedyandjudgment)
assurance
• Military may 93
VEDA Model of Leadership
Concept of Dialectic Harmony Eastern

Concept
Chinese: Yin & Yang
Indian: Ardhnarinateshwar
Spiritual and Material side of Harmony

Development implies
Balanced approach
to Life and Progress
94
Vision (Rajyog)
Enlightenment
(Gyanyog) Devotion
(Bhaktiyog) Action
(Karmyog) 95
If you consistently point out the problems you see in

society or other people more than you offer solutions to
those problems, you are in an ego trap.
96
VEDA Model of
Leadership
97
VEDA
Model of Leadership
98
99
10
0
Theor
yK
17
5
WE (West East) Theory
10
2
Thank you!!!!

Unit 2 Indian Model of Management

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Unit 2

Indian ethos is principally derived from the Upanishads,

Bhagwad Gita and Puranas .

Indian ethos places greater emphasis on values and

Money is NOT power;

Knowledge, Good Health and Sound Character impart the

Religion does not means Dharma

righteousness, charity, essence, duty, role,

Indian culture (bharatiya sanskruti): Nurturing values like truth,

righteousness, peace, love and non-violence is true Indian

Taittiriya Upanishad insists

Children absorb from the habits and manners, behaviour

Teachers must excel in humility, simplicity, morality and integrity, so

that education results in excellence

capacity for dispassionate

tyaga and seva (renunciation and service), the two

Bharat speak about the four goals of life:

 Artha: generating wealth of good education, health, character

 Kama: satisfying basic desires (a life of comfort, health,

 Moksha: attaining spiritual fulfillment or liberation

Temptations of Senses; continuously Improving Self-discipline &

2. Atmano mokshartham ्ज ग त हितशय च

7.स्वधमे तनधनं श्रेय:(3)

Self-interest transcendence (excellence/ superiority)

E.g. Swami Vivekanand

1. Brahma yagna – Studying and assimilating the sacred teachings

in one’s own life and conveying the experiential

4. Bhuta yagna – Serving living beings, making offerings/food

Dexterity (skill), Flexibility and Excellence in Action are

Never go back on your word/s

Humans are baahya Priya बा टिय - They crave for what

Brahman, Kshtriy, Vaishya, Kshudra

Due to the influence of the latent/ hidden qualities,

• Concept of Sanchit: Incidence of Rich Man-

• law of karma ensures accountability: An individual is responsible

1. The Great law

and extraordinary help you bestow on your customers will

get you greater returns in terms of revenue and profits.

2. The law of Creation

creative ways to identify customer needs and offer products

and services to meet those customer needs.

3. The law of Humility (modesty/ Humbleness)

• Highly successful business owners are constantly

assessing their current knowledge and seeking out education,

training and/or new employees that will help them to better

serve their clients.

4. The law of Growth

5. The law of Responsibility

6. The law of Connection

• Everything and every person is connected in some way. For

Law of Karma and Its Relevance in Business Settings

7. The law of Force/ Focus

devotion to a customer to serve their needs.

8. The law of Giving and Hospitality

• Some of our best referrals come from helping a customer solve

a problem – even when extra time or expense was necessary.

9. The law of Here and Now

the experience is more engaging and rewarding, and your mind

will be more focused.

10. The law of Change

feelings and learn from the experience; and take action in

order to change the pattern.