DFS3123 INFORMATION SECURITY PART 1

CHAPTER
NETWORK 2
ENVIRONMENT

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 RECAP (INTRODUCTION TO NETWORK
COURSE)

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 LEARNING OUTCOMES

 Identify the key elements in a network

 Explain IP address
 Describe function of gateway

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 KEY ELEMENTS

NODES

NETWORK BACKBONE

SEGMENTS

SUBNETS

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 Nodes

 A network is a set of devices (often referred to as nodes)

connected by communication links.
 A node can be a computer, printer, or any other device
capable of sending and/or receiving data generated by other
nodes on the network.

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 Network backbone

 A backbone is a part of computer network that interconnects

various pieces of network , providing a path for the exchange
of information between dif ferent LANs or subnetworks.

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 Segments

 A segment is a small section of a network

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 Taking a big network, and dividing them up into very smaller,
manageable segments to enhance the security and enhance
the bandwidth and have better administration.

ADMINISTRATOR
PUO NETWORK
- ICT
DEPARTMENT ICT DEPARTMENT ADMIN 1
- ELECTRICAL
DEPARTMENT ADMIN 2
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
- MARINE
DEPARTMENT
- MECHANICAL MARINE DEPARTMENT ADMIN 3
DEPARTMENT
MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT ADMIN 4

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 Subnets

 A subnetwork or subnet, is a logically visible subdivision of an IP

network.

1 2

3
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 INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP) ADDRESS

 An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a numerical label

assigned to each device (e.g., computer, printer) participating
in a computer network that uses the Internet Protocol for
communication.
 IPv4 – 32 bit number

IP ADDRESS

NETWORK ADDRESS HOST ADDRESS

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  IP addressing is hierarchical.

Network
IP Address Part Uniquely identifies
network to which
host is attached

Host part
Identifies host
uniquely given the
network

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 IP structure

 IP addresses consist of four sections

 Each section is 8 bits long

 Each section can range from 0 to 255

 Example:

198 121 2 1

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 IP ADDRESS CLASS

Class A addresses begin with 1 to 126 decimal

Class B addresses begin with 128 to 191 decimal

Where is 127?

Class C addresses begin with 192 to 223 decimal

Class D addresses begin with 224 to 239 decimal

Class E addresses begin with 240 to 254 decimal

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  CLASS A : 35.0. 0. 0
N H H H

 CLASS B : 128.5.0. 0
N N H H

 CLASS C : 192.33.33.0
N N N H

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 IPv6

 An IPv6 address is 128 bits

 Format:

Colon hexadecimal notation

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 Why we need IPv6?

IPv6???

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  The Internet has experienced a phenomenal increase of
devices accessing the Internet.
 Because of this increase, IPv4 addresses are running out.
 The solution is for IPv6 to accommodate this increased
demand by providing a much larger address space, along with
improved traf fic routing and better security.

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 VIRTUAL IP ADDRESS

 A Virtual IP (VIP) address is an IP address that is shared by

both members of a High Availability (HA) server pool.
 When a member of the pool goes down, the other pool
member takes over the VIP address.
 The VIP and each pool member must be part of the same
subnet.

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 SERVER 1 SERVER 2 SERVER 3 SERVER 4

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 SERVER 1 SERVER 2 SERVER 3 SERVER 4

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 SERVER 1 SERVER 2 SERVER 3 SERVER 4

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 GATEWAY

 One particular set up to handle all communication going

between that LAN and other networks.

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 https://kahoot.it

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 RECAP

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 NODES

NETWORK
BACKBONE
KEY
ELEMENT
SEGMENTS

NETWORK SUBNETS
ENVIROMENT
VIRTUAL
IP ADDRESS
ADDRESS

GATEWAY

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 TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL /
INTERNET PROTOCOL

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