DFS3123

INFORMATION SECURITY
 PART 2

NETWORK ENVIRONMENT
RECAP PREVIOUS LESSON

Key elements

What do
we learn ? IP address
LEARNING OUTCOMES FOR
TODAY’S LESSON

• Define TCP/IP
LO 1 suite protocol.
 TCP / IP

TCP / IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol ,

the suite of communication protocols used to connect host on the
Internet.

TCP/IP is a de facto standard on the Internet and has become the

protocol of choice on LANs and WANs.

TCP/IP would not have become so popular if it weren’t routable.

Protocols that can span more than one LAN (or LAN segment) are
routable, because they carry Network layer addressing information that
can be interpreted by a router.
 TCP / IP
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) provides a reliable byte-stream
transfer service between two endpoints on an internet.

TCP depends on IP to move packets around the network on its behalf.

TCP is a Connection-Oriented Acknowledged Transport protocol.

TCP is a transport layer protocol used by applications that require guarantee delivery.

Hye…Murlii….
ARIF Hye…Arif…. MURLII
I would like to invite you for Raya……

3 way handshakes
4

3
2

1
TCP SEGMENT
 TCP / IP

• Source port—Indicates the port number at the source node.

A port number is the address on a host where an application makes
itself available to incoming or outgoing data.
• One example is port 80, which is typically used to accept Web page
requests from the HTTP protocol.
• The Source port field is 16 bits long.

Destination port—Indicates the port number at the destination node.

The Destination port field is 16 bits long.
• Sequence number— Identifies the data segment’s position in the
stream of data segments already sent.
• Sequence numbers are used to track the order of packets and to
ensure that no packets are lost in transmission.
• The Sequence number field is 32 bits long

• Acknowledgment number (ACK)— Confirms receipt of the data via a

return message to the sender. The Acknowledgment number field is
32 bits long.
Packet 1: source: 130.57.20.10 dest.:130.57.20.1
TCP: ----- TCP header -----
TCP: Source port = 1026
TCP: Destination port = 524
TCP: Initial sequence number = 12952
TCP: Next expected Seq number= 12953
TCP: .... ..1. = SYN
TCP: Window = 8192
TCP: Checksum = 1303 (correct)
TCP: Maximum segment size = 1460 (TCP Option)
Packet 2: source: 130.57.20.1 dest: 130.57.20.10
TCP: ----- TCP header -----
TCP: Source port = 524
TCP: Destination port = 1026
TCP: Initial sequence number = 2744080
TCP: Next expected Seq number= 2744081
TCP: Acknowledgment number = 12953
TCP: .... ..1. = SYN
TCP: Window = 32768
TCP: Checksum = D3B7 (correct)
TCP: Maximum segment size = 1460 (TCP Option)
Packet 3: source: 130.57.20.10 dest: 130.57.20.1
TCP: ----- TCP header -----
TCP: Source port = 1026 • Only part of the TCP
TCP: Destination port = 524 headers are displayed.
TCP: Sequence number = 12953
TCP: Next expected Seq number= 12953
TCP: Acknowledgment number = 2744081
TCP: ...1 .... = Acknowledgment
TCP: Window = 8760
Rick Graziani
TCP: Checksum
graziani@cabrillo.edu = 493D (correct)
11
TCP: No TCP options
How Packets Travel in Network
Q&A
• Identify information that contains in Source Port of a TCP
segment.

A. Indicates the port number at the source node

B. Indicates the port number at the destination node
C. Confirms receipt of the data via a return message to sender
D. Identifies the data segment’s position in the stream of data
segments already sent
Q&A
• Refer to Figure 1, determine X and Y

X Y

A. X: Source Port Y: Destination Port

B. X: Destination Port Y: Source Port
C. X: Sender Port Y: Recipient Port
D. X: Recipient Port Y: Sender Port
TCP / IP
Next class…
• Problem related to TCP/IP
a) Packet replication
b) Checksum error
c) Bottleneck bandwidth
d) Packet loss
 Thank You

Prepared by: Jacey d/o Mariadass

portal.cidos.edu.my