DRUG USED IN THE

MANAGEMENT OF COPD
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:
Dr. KUNJBIHARI SULAKHIYA SHREEHARSH SHARMA
Assistant Professor 1901109048
Introduction

◦ COPD is a chronic irreversible air flow

obstruction, lung damage and inflammation
of the air sacs (alveoli)
◦ COPD is a preventable and treatable disease
with some significant extrapulmonary effect
that may contribute to the severity in
individual patient.
◦ Most common condition comprising COPD are
chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
◦ Smoking is high risk factor.
Signs and Symptoms of COPD
➢ Chronic cough
➢ Shortness of breath while doing everyday activity (Dyspnea)
➢ Frequent respiratory infection
➢ Blueness of the lips or fingernails beds(Cyanosis)
➢ Fatigue
➢ Producing a lot of mucus ( also called Sputum or Phlegum)
➢ Wheezing
Causes of COPD
❖Breathing in chemical
fumes, dust or toxic
substances at work.
❖Cigaratte smoke, cigar
smoke, pipe smoke and
secondhand smoke cause
COPD
Drug Used For COPD
➢Bronchodilators such as selective β2-adrenergic agonists (short- and long-acting),
anticholinergic, theophylline, or a combination of these drugs.
➢Drugs used in asthma also help COPD but the response is not as good.
➢Smoking should be stopped. For bronchospasm, inhalation of a B2 agonist or Ipratropiumis
needed.
➢Tiotropium or long-acting B, agonists may be used for day-long bronchodilation.
➢Patients with repeated exacerbation may require inhaled steroids for controlling the
frequency and severity of episodes. Theophylline may also relieve bronchospasm. PDE,
inhibitor roflumilast is particularly effective in COPD.
➢Acute exacerbations need a course of anti biotics as respiratory infections are common is in
these patients.
1. Bronchodilators
There are three types of bronchodilators used clinically:
1. Bagonists - Salbutamol, Terbutaline
2. Anticholinergics -Ipratropium, Tiotropium
3. Methylxanthines - Theophylline, Aminophylline, Doxphylline
4. These drugs relax the smooth muscles of the airway allowing forimproved airflow.
5. Many patients feel less breathless after taking bronchodilator

2. Inhaled bronchodilators
➢Inhaled antimuscarinics (are superior to B, agonists in COPD)
➢β2 agonists
➢These drugs can be used either alone or combined
➢Salbutamol + pratropium
➢Salmeterol + Tiotropium (Long acting-less dose frequency)
3.) Anti-infalammatory medication
▪ Reduce swelling and mucus production in the airway
▪ Airway are less sensitive and less likely to react to triggers.

4.) Corticosteroid
▪ Steroids come as both pills and inhalers.
▪ The pills are mostly used for times when you are having a
COPD exacerbation, or when it is getting worse, because
they can work more quickly

I. Systemic: Hudrocortisone, Predisolone,

Methylprednisolone and other
II. Inhalational: Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Fluticasone.
5.) Leukotriene Modifier
❑ Montelukast and zafirlukast are cystenyl LY, (cys
LT) receptor antagonist.
❑ They are indicated for prophylactic therapy of
mild to moderate asthma as alternative to inhaled
glucocorticoids.
❑ Ex: Montelukast, Zafirlukast and Zileunton

6.) PDE4 Inhibitor

❖Roflumilast is a long-acting PDE4 inhibitor
effective orally.
❖It hs anti-inflammatory properties and may be
used in COPD
Treatment of COPD
◦ Inhaled bronchodilators
◦ Inhaled glucocorticoids
◦ Oxygen Therapy
◦ Anti-inflammatory medication
◦ Antibiotics(with bacterial infection)
◦ Prevent exacerbation
◦ Improve lung and physical function through frug and Oxygen
therapy, smoking cessation, exercise, enhancement of
nutrition, vaccination and pulmonary rehabilitation
◦ Surgical treatment of COPD is indicated for selected patient