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procedures outlined in Practice E 317. Overlays are to be treatment, and thickness as the forging it represents. The test
serialized to match the ultrasonic transducer and pulse echo surface finish on the calibration standard shall be comparable
testing system that they are to be utilized with. but no better than the item to be examined. Where a group of
9.2.2.4 Choose the appropriate DGS scale for the cross- identical forgings is made, one of these forgings may be used
sectional thickness of the forging to be examined. Insert the as the separate calibration standard. Cut the ID notch depth to
overlay over the CRT screen, ensuring the DGS scale base line 3 % maximum of the thickness or 1⁄4 in. [6 mm], whichever is
coincides with the sweep line of the CRT screen. Place the smaller, and its length approximately 1 in. [25 mm]. Thickness
10.5 Report indication amplitudes in increments of 10%. 12.3.1.5 No indications exceeding the reference level speci-
fied in the DGS method
11. Report 12.3.2 Angle-Beam Examination—No indications exceed-
11.1 Report the following information: ing a stated percentage of the reflection from a reference notch
11.1.1 All recordable indications (see Section 10); or of the amplitude reference line.
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the
inquiry, contract, or order. Details shall be agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser.
S1. Reporting Criteria 2. 1⁄8 in. [3 mm] FBH for thicknesses of 1.5-6 in. [40-150 mm]
inclusive
S1.1 Reference block calibration shall be performed using 3. 1⁄4 in. [6 mm] FBH for thicknesses over 6 in. [150 mm]
at least three holes, spaced to approximate minimum, mean,
and maximum thickness as tested, and shall be used to generate S1.2 Reporting criteria include:
a distance amplitude correction (DAC) curve. The following 1. All indications exceeding the DAC curve
hole sizes apply: 2. Two or more indications separated by 1⁄2 in. [12 mm] or less
1. 1⁄16 in. [1.5 mm] flat bottom holes (FBH) for thicknesses less
than 1.5 in. [40 mm]
APPENDIXES
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. TYPICAL TUNING LEVEL COMPENSATION FOR THE EFFECTS OF FORGING CURVATURE
X1.1 The curve (Fig. X1.1) was determined for the follow-
ing test conditions:
Material nickel-molybdenum-vanadium alloy steel
(Specification A 469/A 469M, Class 4)
Instrument Type UR Reflectoscope
Search unit 11⁄8-in. [30-mm] diameter quartz
Frequency 21⁄4 MHz
Reference block ASTM No. 3-0600 (aluminum)
Reflection area of refer- 0.010 in.2 [6.5 mm2] in nickel-molybdenum-vana-
ence curve dium alloy steel
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Surface finish 250 µin. [6 µm], max, roughness
X2.1 The curve (Fig. X2.1) has been determined for the
following test conditions:
Material nickel-molybdenum-vanadium alloy steel
(Specification A 469/A 469M, Class 4)
Instrument Type UR Reflectoscope
Search unit 11⁄8-in. [30-mm] diameter quartz
Frequency 21⁄4 MHz
Couplant No. 20 oil
Reference block ASTM No. 3-0600 (aluminum)
Reflection area of refer- 0.010 in.2 [65 mm2] in nickel-molybdenum-vana-
ence curve dium alloy steel
--``,,,``,,`,`,`,````,``````-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
Surface finish 250 µin. max, roughness
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FIG. X2.1 Typical Distance-Amplitude Correction Curve
X3.1 The overlay in Fig. X3.1 was designed for a 2.0 MHz, designated by the line being used. The RE + 20 line covers a
1 in. [25 mm] diameter probe and a maximum test distance of range to approximately 15.7 in. [400 mm] and the RE + 10 line
39.4 in. [1000 mm]. In order to use this overlay, the sweep time from 15.7 to 39.4 in. [400 to 1000 mm]. At this calibration
base must be accurately calibrated and aligned with the overlay level, the flaw size is read directly from the screen. Flaw sizes
being used. The back reflection is then adjusted to either the RE from 0.078 to 1 in. [2 to 25 mm] can be read directly from the
+ 10 dB line or the RE + 20 dB line, based on the thickness overlay.
being tested; additional gain (10 or 20 dB) is added as
X4. COMPENSATION FOR CENTER HOLE ATTENUATION ON CYLINDRICAL BORED OR HOLLOW FORGINGS
UTILIZING THE DGS METHOD
X4.1 The hole in a cylindrical bored forging causes sound X4.1.1 Determine the correction value in dB from the
scatter. In these cases, a correction is required which depends Nomogram (Fig. X4.1). With the gain-dB control, proceed as
on the wall thickness and bore diameter. described in 9.2.2.4 reducing the flaw detector gain by the
correction value determined.
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NOTE—Metric units are presented in this figure to be consistent with DGS scales presently available. Conversion to English units would also be
acceptable.
FIG. X4.1 The Influence of a Central Bore on the Backwall Echo Amplitude of Cylindrical or Plane Parallel Forgings
Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(A 388/A 388M – 07) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Nov. 1, 2008.)
(1) Dropped the term heavy from the title and body of the (2) Added Significance and Use (Section 4).
standard.
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