RF Receiver Module Design for Disaster Awareness

and Emergency Broadcast in Rural Areas

Final Project Presentation

GROUP 3
BS ECE Boloyos, Moira Kelly R.
BS ECE De Chavez, Harvey John M.
BS ECE Escobedo, Seth Kelvin E.
BS ECE Peñaranda, Anne Nicole S.
BS CoE Ramos, Alaine Richelle C.
Introduction

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1
Introduction

RA 10639: The Free Mobile Disaster Alerts Act

The NDRRMC and telecommunications

companies are required by law to send
free mobile alerts before disasters
happen.

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Modes of Broadcast

Short Messaging System (SMS)

● A queuing system wherein a message is sent one at a time to a
certain mobile number.

● It takes one second of delay due to queuing and transmission

before another message is sent.

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Modes of Broadcast

Cell Broadcast Service (CBS)

● Messages are sent to all mobile subscribers within the cell range
of a mobile station.

● Location-specific broadcasts are possible without having the

need to register all mobile numbers.

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Problem Description

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5
Network Congestion and Delay

Population: 104 million

Assumed Mobile Subscribers: 52 million

Base Stations: 12,600

Worst Queing Delay
= Subscribers/Base Stations
= ~70 minutes

*network congestion and disturbances

are not yet accounted

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Lack of Technology and Connectivity

Most of the poor rural communities do

not own cellular devices and essentially
out of cell coverage areas .

While some may have access, their

devices are not advanced enough to be
equipped with the CBS system.

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Proposed Alternatives

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8
Proposed Alternatives

Identify a low-cost receiver design that is efficient for

emergency broadcast in rural areas

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Proposed Alternatives

Receiver - serves as a destination for the transmitted information

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Factors to Consider in Designing a Receiver

Receivers are required to perform effectively despite the presence of

noise/interfering signals.
● Noise Figure
- noise performance of the receiver
● Signal-to-Noise Ratio
- relative amount of signal to noise in the system
● Gain
- amount of signal amplification of the receiver

● Ideal receiver has low NF, high SNR, and high gain

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Proposed Alternatives

● Direct Conversion Receiver

- RF receiver architecture that

is generally considered as
low-cost solution, since they
require fewer components
- Suffers from noise (low
selectivity), thus lowering
efficiency

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Proposed Alternatives

● Superheterodyne Receiver

- RF receiver architecture
that is used for many years
due to its higher efficiency
- Higher cost since it
requires more
components to build

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Final Designs

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Simulator: MATLAB RF Budget Analyzer

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Direct Conversion Receiver Design

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Direct Conversion Receiver Design

Overall Gain: 65.09 dB

Overall Noise Figure: 1.006 dB
SNR: -28.8 dB

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Superheterodyne Receiver Design

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Superheterodyne Receiver Design

Overall Gain: 93.67 dB

Overall Noise Figure: 4.415 dB
SNR: -32.21 dB

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Online Canvassing &
Cost Estimation

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Direct Conversion Receiver Cost
Purpose Model Unit Price (Php) Quantity in Design

RF Power Amplifier ALM-GA001-BLKG 44.748 3

Modulator ADL5350ACPZ-R7 316.58 1

Low Pass Filter 0500LP15A500 48.0389 1

Estimated Total Cost: Php 498.86

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Superheterodyne Receiver Cost
Purpose Model Unit Price (Php) Quantity in Design

RF Bandpass Filter 1292-1107-2-ND 21.24828 3

(RFBPF3225180C07B1
U)
RF Power Amplifier MAALSS0044 130.07 3
(1465-1264-1-ND)
Modulator LT5522 339.52464 2

IF Low Pass Filter DEA161910LT-9031A1 12.72077 1

RF Power Amplifier BGA428E6327INCT-ND 64.26000 1

Estimated Total Cost: Php 1209.98

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Evaluation of Solution
Alternatives

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Evaluation of Solution Alternatives

● B/C Ratio
● Multi-attributed Decision Making

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B/C Ratio

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 Source: Cordero, Ted. “NDRRMC REPORT: Typhoons and Flashfloods Cost the
Annual Benefit Cost Philippines P6.446B in 2017.” GMA News Online, GMA News Online, 20 June 2018,
www.gmanetwork.com/news/money/economy/657532/typhoons-and-flashfloods-cost-the-p
hilippines-p6-446b-in-2017/story/.

Average Structural Damage Cost in Quezon: Php 52.8M

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Annual Benefit Cost

● Quezon = 8707 sq km
● Polillo = 628.9 sq km
● Polillo has 20 barangays

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Other Costs

● Disbenefit → Php 0
● Annual O&M → Php 50,000
● Investment → Php 500,000

Source: Johansson, K & Furuskar, Anders & Karlsson, Peter & Zander, Jens. (2004). Relation between base station characteristics and cost
structure in cellular systems. IEEE PIMRC-2004. 4. 2627 - 2631 Vol.4. 10.1109/PIMRC.2004.1368795.

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Cash Flow Diagram

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Conversion to Annual Cost

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BC Ratio Computation

Since 1.2379 > 1, the project is economically justifiable.

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Multi-attributed
Decision Making

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Multi-attributed Decision Analysis

Dimensionless
Attribute Receiver Type Value Rating Procedure
Value

DC Php 498.86 (1209.98-cost)/711. 1.00

Cost
Superhet Php 1209.98 12 0.00

DC -28.8dB 1.00
SNR (SNR-28.8)/3.41
Superhet -32.21 dB 0.00

Superhet 65.09 dB 0.00

Gain (Gain-65.09)/28.58
DC 93.67 dB 1.00

DC 1.006 dB 1.00
Noise Figure (4.415-NF)/3.409
Superhet 4.415 dB 0.00

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Results of Paired Comparison

● Noise Figure vs SNR => SNR wins

● Noise Figure vs Cost => Cost wins
● Noise Figure vs Gain => Gain wins
● SNR vs Cost => SNR wins
● SNR vs Gain => SNR wins
● Cost vs Gain => Cost wins

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Multi-attributed Decision Analysis

Attribute Rank Normalized Weight Direct Conversion Superheterodyne

SNR 4 4/10 = 0.4 0.4 x 1 = 0.4 0.4 x 0 = 0

Cost 3 3/10 = 0.3 0.3 x 1 = 0.3 0.3 x 0 = 0

Gain 2 2/10 = 0.2 0.2 x 0 = 0 0.2 x 1 = 0.2

Noise Figure 1 1/10 = 0.1 0.1 x 1 = 0.1 0.1 x 1 = 0

Total = 10 Total = 0.8 Total = 0.2

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Conclusion &
Recommendations

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Conclusion & Recommendations
Using B/C ratio, the proponents were able to show that the project is
economically justifiable. The proponents then used multi-attributed
decision making approach to decide which design alternative to choose.
Upon careful calculation and consideration, it was found that the direct
conversion receiver proved to be the better alternative.

Implementing the said project in a larger scale shall prove to be more

economically beneficial since it shall greatly decrease the O&M of the
project as well as reach more people in the country.
References:
[1]
https://www.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/disasters/208117-how-ndrrmc-issues-emergency-warnings-
mobile-alerts

[2] W. Namgoong and T. Meng, "Direct-conversion RF receiver design", IEEE Transactions on

Communications, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 518-529, 2001. Available:
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=911459. [Accessed 14 February 2019].

[3] C. DeMartino, "The Differences Between Receiver Types, Part 1", Microwaves & Radio
Frequency, 2016. [Online]. Available:
https://www.mwrf.com/systems/differences-between-receiver-types-part-1. [Accessed: 14- Feb- 2019].

END OF PRESENTATION