EXILE,TRIAL AND

DEATH OF DR. JOSE

RIZAL
EXILE IN DAPITAN
Upon his return to the Philippines in 1892,he was
arrested by the Spanish government for being a
subversive and for his reported involvement in the
rebellion.He was then exiled to the island of the
Dapitan in the southernmost island group of the
Philippines,Mindanao.

LIFE OF RIZAL IN DAPITAN

In 1893,Rizal established a school which existed until
the end of his exile in July 1896. Instead of charging
tuition fees,he made them work in his
garden,fields,and construction projects in the
community.

RIZAL LIFE IN DAPITAN

Rizal met Josephine Bracken in 1895. They fell in love instantly,and in just
one month agreed to marry.
Father Obach,the priest of Dapitan refused to marry them without the
permission of the Bishop of Cebu. Since no priest would marry them,Rizal and
Josephine Bracken exchanged vows and got married on this rock.

RIZAL'S
TRIAL

PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
The First Investigation November 20, 1896 • the preliminary investigation on
Rizal began • Rizal as the accused appeared before Judge Advocate, Colonel
Francisco Olive. • He was subjected to a 5 day investigation. • Rizal was
informed about his charges and was given the chance to answer the
questions they have on him though he was never permitted to confront those
people who testified against him.
The First Investigation November 20, 1896 • 2 evidences were presented
against Rizal: – 1. Documentary – 2. Testimonial

DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE
1. A letter from Antonio to Mariano Ponce, dated Madrid, October 16, 1888, showing Rizal’s
connection with the Filipino reform campaign in Spain. 2. A letter of Rizal to his family, dated
Madrid, August 20,1890, stating that the deportations are good for they will encourage the
people to hate tyranny. 3. A letter from Marcelo H. del Pilar to Deodato Arellano, dated Madrid,
January 7, 1889, implicating Rizal in the propaganda movement campaign in Spain. 4. A poem
entitled Kundiman, allegedly written by Rizal in Manila on September 12, 1891 5. A letter from
Carlos Oliver to an unidentified person, dated Barcelona, September 18, 1891, describing Rizal
as the man to free the Philippines from Spanish oppression.

DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE
6. A Masonic lodge document, dated Manila, February 9, 1892, honoring
VISIT
Rizal for his patriotic US
services 7. AAT
letter123 ANYWHERE
signed Dimasalang ( Rizal’s ST. , ANY CITY
pseudonym) to Tenlunz (Juan Zulueta’s pseudonym), dated Hongkong,
May 24, 1892,stating that he wasGo to reallygreatsite.com
preparing for more.
a safe refuge for Filipinos who
may persecuted by the Spanish authorities 8. A letter to Dimasalang to an
unidentified committee, dated Hongkong, June 1, 1892, soliciting the aid of
the committee in the “patriotic work” 9. An anonymous and undated letter
to the Editor of Hongkong Telegraph, ensuring the banishment of Rizal to
Dapitan. 10. A letter from Idefonso Laurel to Rizal, dated Manila,
September 3, 1892, saying that the Filipino people look up to him (Rizal) as
their savior
 DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE
11. A letter from Ildefonso Laurel to Rizal, informing an unidentified
correspondent of the arrest and the banishment of Doroteo Cortes and
Ambrosio Salvador. 12. A letter from Marcelo H. del Pilar to Don Juan A. Tenluz,
dated Madrid, June 1, 1893 recommending the establishment of a special
organization to help the cause of the Filipino people. 13. Transcript of a speech
of Pingkian (Emilio Jacinto) in a reunion to the Katipunan on July 23, 1893, in
which thefollowing cry uttered “Long Live the Philippines! Long LiveLiberty!
Long live Doctor Rizal! Unity!” 14. Transcript of a speech of Tik-Tik (Jose Turiano
Santiago) in the same Katipunan reunion, where in they shouted: “Long live
the eminent Doctor Rizal! Death to the oppressor nation!” 15. A poem by Laong
Laan (Rizal), entitled A Talisay in which the author makes the Dapitan
schoolboys sing that they know how to fight for their rights

TESTIMONIAL EVIDENCE
Testimonial evidences, on the other hand, were
comprised of oral proofs provided by Martin
Constantino, Aguedo del Rosario, Jose Reyes, Moises
Salvador, Jose Dizon, Domingo Franco, Deodato
Arellano, Pio Valenzuela, Antonio Salazar, Francisco
Quison, and Timoteo Paez.

TESTIMONIAL EVIDENCE
These evidences were endorsed by Colonel Olive to
Governor Ramon Blanco who designated Captain
Rafael Dominguez as the Judge Advocate assigned
with the task of deciding what corresponding action
should be done. Dominguez, after a brief review,
transmitted the records to Don Nicolas de la Peña, the
Judge Advocate General, for an opinion.

TESTIMONIAL EVIDENCE
Peña's recommendations were as follows:
1. Rizal must be immediately sent to trial
2. He must be held in prison under necessary security
3. His properties must be issued with order of attachment, and as indemnity, Rizal had to pay one
million pesos
4. Instead of a civilian lawyer, only an army officer is allowed to defend Rizal.
Although given with “privilege” to choose his own defense counsel, this was limited to a list of 100
names – both first and second lieutenants - that the Spanish authorities provided him. Of the list, one
familiar name stood out – Lt. Luis Taviel de Andrade. Rizal discovered that the said lieutenant was the
brother of Lt. Jose Taviel de Andrade who worked as Rizal's personal body guard in Calamba in 1887.

VISIT US AT 123 ANYWHERE ST. , ANY CITY

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 RIZAL'S DEATH

RIZAL'S DEATH
When Rizal heard the court decision, he knew that there will
be no chance of changing his fate. At six o’ clock in the
morning of December 29, 1896, Captain Rafael Dominguez,
read him the official notice of his execution. Rizal spent his
last hours by going to the prison chapel. His mother and
sisters visited him on the same day. He then gave them his
remaining possessions, reached out for the gas lamp and
gave it to his
sister,

RIZAL'S DEATH
Trinidad and carefully whispered, “There is something
inside.” Then Trinidad and his sister Maria got a copy of
Rizal’s last poem from the lamp. Unfortunately, it was
said that on his last days that Rizal was not allowed to
embrace his mother.He took time to write his last letter
to his best friend Bluementrit. The last poem he
composed was the longest he ever written, it was
entitled “Mi Ultimo Adios” or My Last Farewell

RIZAL'S DEATH
Rizal had his last supper in the evening of December 29, 1896. At that time, he said to
Captain Dominguez that he has already forgiven his enemies including thosewho wanted
him dead. At three in the morning on the day of his execution, he prayed confessed his sins
in the chapel. At exactly 5:30 in the morning, he had his last breakfast of three hard boiled
eggs. After breakfast, he singed some memorabilia
including religious pictures and books, some of which he gave to his mother and
sister,Trinidad. To his wife Josephine, he gave the Imitacion de Cristo as a gift.He once again
wrote a letter to his family, sisters and brother .

RIZAL'S DEATH
Wearing a black suit, black pants, black bowler hat, and white shirt
with his arms tied behind his back, Rizal walked to Bagumbayan at 6:30
in the morning of December 30, 1896. He walked along with his defense
lawyer, Andrade, and two Jesuit priests,March and Vilaclara. In front of
them were the advance guard of armed soldiers and behind them were
another group of military men. The sound of a trumpet signaled the
start of the death march and the muffled sound of drums served as the
musical score of the walk.

RIZAL'S DEATH
Prior to his death, it was believed that Rizal has managed to
remain calm.Spectators said Rizal acknowledged the familiar faces in
the crowd by nodding his head from left and right. Some people even
saw that Rizal smiled from time to time.At the time of his death,
Rizal refused to kneel and declined the traditional blindfold.
Maintaining that he was not a traitor to his country and to Spain, he
even requested to face the firing squad. The Commander of the
firing squad denied his
request but after some time, Rizal agreed to turn his back to
the firing squad but requested that he be shot not in the head — but
in the small of the back instead. When agreement has been reached,
Rizal shook the hand of his defense lawyer. The military physician asked
permission to feel the pulse of the man who had only a few minutes to
live and the doctor was startled to find it normal. Before leaving Rizal in
his appointed place, the priests offered him a crucifix to kiss “but he
turned his head away and silently
prepared for his death.

RIZAL'S DEATH
When the command had been given, the executioners’ guns barked at once. Rizal
yelled Christ’s two words, “Consummatum est!” (It is finished!) simultaneously with
his final effort to twist his bullet-pieced body halfway around.
Silence was all over. Unfortunately, the Captain did not keep his words about the
request made by Rizal of not shooting his head, but one of his men came near to the
body and gave Rizal “tira de gracia” or the mercy shot in the head to make sure that
Rizal is dead.
The Spaniards houted, Viva Espana! Muerte a los Traidores! But the crowd did
not respond. To break the ice, the military band played “Marcha de Cadiz,” and so
they
cheered.