Latest Developments

in the chemistry of
adhesives

INDEX
 Acknowledgement
 What are adhesives?
 Adhesive materials
 How many types of adhesive are there?
 Natural Adhesives
 Synthetic Adhesives

 Adhesives for industrial applications

 Latest Developments in the Chemistry of Adhesives:

 Conclusion:
 Bibliography

Acknowledgement
Firstly I would like to thank the principal A.P. Sharma and Birla
Public School for giving me the opportunity to do this report.
Secondly I would like to thank the subject teacher Suma ma’am
for assigning a very interesting topic for doing this report and I
would like to thank sir Anas T.P for assessing and rectifying the
project.
Finally I would like to conclude the acknowledgement by thanking
the Lab technician Ms Priya Padikkaruvath and assistant Ms
Monalie F Dulnuan.

What are adhesives?

Any substance that is capable of holding materials together in a functional manner by
surface attachment that resists separation.

Adhesive materials

Virtually all synthetic adhesives and certain natural adhesives are composed
of polymers, which are giant molecules, or macromolecules, formed by the linking of
thousands of simpler molecules known as monomers.

How many types of adhesive are there?

There are two different types of adhesives:
 Natural Adhesives
 Synthetic Adhesives

Natural Adhesives
Natural adhesives are primarily of animal or vegetable origin. Though the demand for
natural products has declined since the mid-20th century, certain of them continue to be
used with wood and paper products, particularly in corrugated board, envelopes, bottle
labels, book bindings, cartons, furniture, and laminated film and foils .

Example: Animal Glue (above picture)

Synthetic Adhesives
Although natural adhesives are less expensive to produce, most important adhesives
are synthetic. Adhesives based on synthetic resins and rubbers excel in versatility and
performance. Synthetics can be produced in a constant supply and at constantly
uniform properties. In addition, they can be modified in many ways and are often
combined to obtain the best characteristics for a particular application

Adhesives for industrial applications

Adhesives are designed for specific applications. Besides their role in the adhesion
process, they can be used for other purposes, such as sealing agents, in order to
eliminate the effect of self-loosening caused by dynamic loads, sealing of areas to
prevent oxidation and corrosion, waterproofing, etc. Sealants can be used as electrical
or thermal insulators, fire barriers and products for smoothing, filleting or flying. The
materials that are used as sealants have lower strength than those used as adhesives,
because sealant formulations contain large amounts of inert filler material for cost
reduction and gap filling purposes. Certain sealants, like adhesives, can be used to
assemble parts, and many adhesives can be used to seal. The adhesives and sealants
are mainly used to bond the following substrates: metals, plastics (thermosets and
thermoplastics), composites, foams, elastomers, wood and wood products, glass and
ceramics and sandwich and honeycomb structures.

The main areas using industrial adhesives are the following:

 Construction: floor tile and continuous flooring installation, ceramic tile

installation, countertop lamination, manufacture of prefabricated beams and
trusses, carpet adhesives, flooring underlayment adhesives, installation of
 prefinished panels, joint cements, drywall lamination adhesives and covering
installations.

 Consumer adhesives: model and hobby supplies, decorative films, school and
stationery products.

 Packaging: carton-side seam and closures, composite bonding of disposable

products, bags, labels, cups, cigarette and filter manufacture, speciality
packages (cosmetics, toiletries), composite containers and tubes.

 Tapes: packaging, industrial, surgical, masking, and consumer tapes.

 Transportation: auto, truck and bus assemblies, weatherstrip and gasket

bonding, aircraft and aerospace structural assemblies.

Latest Developments in the Chemistry of Adhesives:

The developments over the past decades have helped many industries for example:
 as dental adhesives for the enamel
 Adhesives for bones in trauma surgery
 Pressure-sensitive adhesives for medical applications.
 Bio-based adhesives from renewable natural resources.

Etc. are some of the developments in the chemistry for adhesives showing how
adhesives are important in our day to day life and a necessity for human beings.
Conclusion:
Adhesives have been used in industry for decades, but the impact of adhesives on the
environment has not been studied until lately. As a result, the importance of developing
Adhesives: Applications and Recent Advances measures that will allow obtaining
ecologically safe and high-quality adhesives that best meet their application domains
cannot be overstated. Natural and renewable resources are an appealing alternative the
manufacturing of adhesives due to limited raw materials and the detrimental impact of
synthetic compound of human health

Bibliography

www.britannica.com
www.google.com