This section describes the research design, methods which were used to collect data, sample and

sampling procedure, research instruments for data collection, pilot study, validity and reliability of the
instruments, data collection procedures and data analysis techniques and presentation. This study
adopted the descriptive survey design. According to Best and Khan (2008), survey is defined as a
systematic description of the factors and characteristics of a given population or phenomenon
accurately and objectively. It can be used to describe the nature of existing conditions and to determine
the relationship between specific event that has influenced or affected by the present condition.
Therefore, the rational of choosing this design was that it can be carried out within a short time frame as
it can be cross-sectional, it does not manipulate the behaviour of the participant that can lead to ethical
questions and it can allow for variety of data gathering techniques.