University of the People

CS 2204
Communications and Networking
AY2022-T2

Learning Journal Unit 8

Naeem Ahmed (Instructor)

August 7, 2022
1. DNS uses UDP instead of TCP. If a DNS packet is lost, there is no
automatic recovery. Does this cause a problem, and if so, how is it solved?

2. Suppose that someone sets up a vacation reply and sends a message

before logging out. Unfortunately, the recipient has also set up a vacation
reply message. What will happen in this case? Will the canned replies keep
on going back and forth until someone returns?

3. When web pages are sent out, they are prefixed with MIME headers.
Why?

4. Does VoIP have same the problems with the firewall that streaming audio
has?

1. Answer

A DNS server is used to obtain the IP address for a specific host name. This is
typically used when using an internet browser. When a user writes her website
name or hostname, the user's computer asks the DNS server for her IP address for
that website. A lost DNS packet prevents the user's computer from obtaining her IP
address for her website as specified. As a result, the user's computer cannot connect
to her website because there is no automatic recovery. To fix this problem, the
user's computer should send another request to her DNS server for the same
hostname.
This should happen after a certain timeout. Basically, this timeout is application
dependent. (Rosencrance et all, 2021).

2. Answer

I don't believe this will cause endless back-and-forth problems with ready-made
answers. When an end machine sets an out of office reply for a particular user, it
tracks that user to avoid sending another out of office reply to that user. Therefore,
replies only apply to the first email received from that user.

3. Answer
MIME headers are used to capture important information about the content of the
associated web page. You need to describe the content of your web page and
decide on the content data format, such as text, audio, and video. As a result, the
MIME header shows this content description before the content. MIME headers
can also define encoding rules for non-standard data formats. (N.d, 2013).
4. Answer

Firewalls are always present to prevent and block unwanted and insecure access.
Yes, VoIP can have the same problems with firewalls as streaming audio.

References

Rosencrance, L., Lawton, G., & Moozakis, C. (2021, October 4). User Datagram

Protocol (UDP). SearchNetworking. Retrieved from

https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/UDP-User-Datagram-Protocol

N.d. (2013). MIME Headers. Microsoft. Retrieved from https://docs.microsoft.com/en-

us/previous-versions/office/developer/exchange-server-2010/aa563068(v%3Dexchg.140)