Ms.

Huyen DTD Name: …………………………………

GENERAL PRACTICE 7

A. PHONETICS
I. Choose the word in each line that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the
rest:
1. A. chore B. liquor C. chord D. chaos
2. A. changeable B. ancient C. random D. danger
3. A. reason B. decision C. pleasant D. season
4. A. followed B. learned C. imagined D. rained
5. A. dim B. limp C. limb D. climb
6. A. solar B. sure C. survive D. source
7. A. entire B. exhaust C. demand D. panel
8. A. billion B. infinite C. fertilize D. mineral
9. A. future B. natural C. question D. potential
10. A. motorbikes B. activities C. pesticides D. factories

II. Find the word whose stress is on the different syllable from the rest:
11. A. re’newable B. elec’tricity C. en’vironment D. re’source
12. A. ‘greenhouse B. ‘element C. ‘climate D. de’crease
13. A. manu’facture B. unin’telligible C. con’taminate D. un’fortunately
14. A. ‘mineral B. ge’othermal C. ‘energy D. ‘biomass
15. A. ‘estimate B. ‘atmosphere C. e’quivalent D. ‘permanently
16. A. de’velop B. con’tinue C. ‘reservoir D. a’bundant
17. A. defi’nition B. re’latively C. funda’mental D. transpor’tation
18. A. e’lectricity B. indi’vidual C. disad’vantages D. en’vironmental
19. A. compli’cated B. ma’terial C. e’cologist D. ac’tivity
20. A. a’vailable B. pe’troleum C. ‘automobile D. al’ternative

B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

I. Circle the best answer A, B, C or D for each of the following sentences:
21. People have to build _______ to use water energy so it is expensive.
A. dams B. canals C. lakes D. machines
22. Nobody’s got to stay late this evening, _______?
A. is it B. have they C. isn’t it D. don’t they
23. John brought _______ some interesting points at the last meeting. I was particularly interested
in his thoughts on HR.
A. out B. off C. on D. up
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24. Scientists have estimated that fossil fuels will be _______ within a relatively short time.
A. limited B. decreased C. expensive D. exhausted
25. The world’s chief _______ of energy are, in order of importance, fossil fuels, water power and
nuclear energy.
A. roots B. means C. sources D. resources
26. I bought that house _______ good price.
A. at B. for C. in D. of
27. When there is an increase _______ unemployment and a decrease _______ the temperature,
the problem becomes greater.
A. on/ on B. in/ in C. for/ for D. of/ of
28. You were driving home when you saw Lan, _______?
A. didn’t you B. hadn’t you C. wouldn’t you D. weren’t you
29. The air-hostess knows the time she has been here, _______?
A. does she B. isn’t it C. doesn’t she D. did she
30. They never came to class late, _______?
A. didn’t they B. did they C. do they D. don’t they
31. In many countries, people use coal to _______ homes and other buildings.
A. hot B. cook C. heat D. cold
32. He is furiously told the beggar to _______.
A. clear up B. clear away C. clear off D. clear after
33. A nuclear reactor releases _______ threatening destruction and danger to the environment.
A. radiation B. risk C. disaster D. energy
34. The girl was dressed _______ white _______ head _______ foot.
A. with/ from/ to B. in/ from/ to C. with/ to/ from D. in/ to/ from
35. Lan said that her parents were going to Ho Chi Minh City the next Friday, _______?
A. didn’t she B. hadn’t she C. weren’t they D. didn’t they

II. IDENTIFY and CORRECT a mistake in each line in the following passage.
SAVING ENERGY
Many people still believe that natural resources will never be used up. Actual,
36._________
the world’s energy
resources are limited. Nobody know exactly how much fuel is left. However,
37. _________
we also should use
38. _________ them economically and try finding out alternative sources of power.
39. _________ According for Professor Marvin Burnham of the New England Institute of
Technology, we have to start conserving coal, oil and gas before it is very late;
40. _________
and nuclear power is the only alternative.
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 However, many people do not approve of using nuclear power because of it’s
41. _________
very dangerous.
What would happen whether there were a serious nuclear accident?
42. _________
Radioactivity causes cancer
and may bad effect the future generations. The most effective thing is that we
43. _________
should use natural resources are economically as possible.

III. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the phrasal verbs below.
lay off depend on set up
open up dry up take off
When he first (44) _______________ the company he was very optimistic. He knew there was
a large demand for his products, and he also knew that he had very few competitors. So,
predictably, sales (45) _______________ as soon as he started production. After a few years he
opened another factory, and expanded the sales team on order to (46) _______________ new
markets for the product in other countries.
The one thing he didn’t predict, though, was that there would be a global recession. Since his
products were considered luxury goods rather than essential items, demand for them began to (47)
______________, and as a consequence he had to (48) ______________ some of his employees.
He hopes to re-employ them in the future, but that (49) ______________ the global economic
situation.

IV. Use the word given in brackets to form a word that fits in the space. The first one has
been done as an example (0).
Example: (0) LIKE => likely
When people talk about contemporary culture they are just as (0. LIKE) _______________
to be talking about fast cars, trainers or high heels as they are to be talking about Shostakovich or
Shakespeare.
Goods have become as (50. MEAN) _______________ a measure and marker of culture as
the Great and the Good. The word “culture” can now cover just about anything. Culture is no
longer merely the beautiful and (51. SINGLE) _______________ until the late twentieth century
that a (52. SCHOLAR) _______________ interest in objects began to (53. PLACE)
_______________ the traditional interest in –isms, with historians, (54. LITERATE)
_______________ critics and philosophers all suddenly becoming fascinated by the meaning of
objects, large and small. Is this a sign, perhaps, of a society cracking under the strain of too many
things?
Our current (55. OBSESSIVE) _______________ with material culture, one might argue, is
simply a (56. RESPOND) _______________ to the Western crisis of abundance. There are
obvious problems with this (57. MATERIAL) _______________ conception of culture. If our
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experience of everyday life is so (58. SATISFY) _______________, then how much more so is the
(59. SPECTATOR) _______________ of our everyday things under scrutiny.

V. Read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each space.
When the war (60) _______ out I must have been (61) _______ 18 years of age, and like most
boys of my age, I received the news with a kind of naïve enthusiasm, born out of youthful
ignorance and inexperience. When I was (62) _______, I still had a romantic vision of marching
quickly to victory and being home in time for tea. I have an old picture of myself standing proudly
in my new uniform – a young man about to (63) _______ his responsibilities in life. I look like a
boy pretending to be a man – and not quite managing to (64) _______ it off. Little did I realize just
what I had (65) _______.
60. A. came B. bore C. broke D. carried
61. A. getting on for B. falling back on C. getting round to D. feeling up to
62. A. counted on B. broken up C. called up D. asked after
63. A. draw up B. face up to C. do away with D. bring about
64. A. call B. break C. get D. carry
65. A. come in for B. come up against C. come down to D. come up with

C. READING
I. You are going to read a magazine article about techno-solutions to global warming. Seven
paragraphs have been removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A – H the one
which fits each gap (66-72). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use.
COOLING THE EARTH
As last resort to combat global warming, researchers are investigating two possible ways of
applying “sunscreen” to the planet.
Even with the best will in the world, reducing Quite recently a growing number of
our carbon emissions is not going to prevent researchers have been taking a fresh look at
global warming. It has become clear that even large-scale “geo-engineering” projects that
if we take the most drastic measures to curb might be used to counteract global warming.
emissions, the uncertainties in our climate Basically the idea is to apply “sunscreen” to
models still leave open the possibility of the whole planet. It’s controversial, but recent
extreme warming and rises in sea level. At studies suggest there are ways to deflect just
the same time, resistance by governments and enough of the sunlight reaching the Earth’s
special interest groups makes it quite possible surface to counteract global warming.
that the actions advocated by climate Climate models show that blocking just 1.8
scientists might not be implemented soon per cent of the incident energy in the sun’s
enough. Is the game up in that case? rays would cancel out the warming effects
66. produced by a doubling of carbon dioxide and
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other gases in the atmosphere. That could be
crucial, because even the most stringent
emissions – control measures being suggested
would leave us with a doubling of carbon
dioxide by the end of this century, and that
would last for at least a century more.
67.
There are two distinct proposals: reflecting
away sunlight within the Earth’s atmosphere,
or blocking it in outer space. Each approach
has its supporters and detractors. While
tinkering with the atmosphere is likely to be
much cheaper and simpler, space-based
approaches may be longer – lasting and less
likely to cause unwanted side effects – though
they are much more technically challenging.
68.
In addition, since it is naturally present at
great heights above the earth, some
researchers think an increase might not
present as many unforeseen risks as some
other suggested remedies for global warming,
such as seeding the ocean with iron fillings or
other nutrients to encourage the growth of
carbon – consuming organisms.
69.
These drawbacks have driven others to look
seriously at larger – scale, more expensive
alternatives that might carry fewer risks. One
that might do the trick is a space – based
sunshade system. It may sound wildly
implausible but some scientists are convinced
that it is feasible.
70.
A The idea is to manufacture discs of F
5
These simple devices would be packed into
metal containers in stacks of a million and
propelled into space using electromagnetic
rail guns – a method that has been tested in
labs but never actually used. The acceleration
is far too rapid for people or delicate
equipment, but the method has long been
proposed for shooting bulk material into
space, such as water, rocket fuel or building
materials. It could be cheaper and more
reliable than traditional rockets.
71.
Independent computer simulations show that
the space sunshade could almost cancel out
the temperature changes expected from global
warming, except for a small area around each
pole. That’s because while greenhouse
warming is uniform, the poles receive less
sunlight than the tropics, so the effect of
changes in sunlight is weakest at the poles.
This regional difference in cooling might
cause unpredictable changes in weather
patterns. And since the poles would see less
of an effect from the dimming, they might
still experience a significant loss of ice cover.
72.
Nobody wants to have to do this but if you
get to the point where the alternative is six
metres of sea – level rise, we might want to
have this as an option. We’re not going to
implement it, but you certainly have to know
what’s possible. It’s like emergency back –
up surgery; you never want to do it, but you
still have to practice it.
So, which approach has the edge? It
 silicon about 60 centimeters across. Each
disc would be studded with holes of
precisely calculated sizes, close to the
wavelengths of visible light, which would
scatter incoming light like a lens. The
effect would be to produce a slight but
imperceptible dimming of sunlight.
B So, is the concept of a technological fix
new? Not at all; but while most remedies
have focused on combating greenhouse
gases themselves – finding ways to
remove them from the air or scrub them
from power – plant emissions – only
recently have more radical ideas been
taken seriously.
C Well, fortunately, if the worst comes to G
the worst, scientists still have a few tricks
up their sleeves. For the most part they
have strongly resisted discussing these
options for fear of inviting a sense of
complacency that might thwart efforts to
tackle the root of the problem. Until now,
that is.
D What’s more, geo-engineering in general H
has major drawbacks. It does nothing
about the carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere, which would still produce
effects such as ocean acidification. When
carbonic acid runs into the oceans from
rocks, they get more acidic. Nobody
disputes that this will happen on an
increasing scale. The only question is
how much it matters to basic ecosystems.
E The simplest method put forward has
been known for decades. That is to inject
sulphur dioxide into the stratosphere,
mimicking the cooling effects of
volcanoes. Sulphur is cheap, and the
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comes down to costs and feasibility. If we
were suddenly faced with a climate
catastrophe, the sulphur – particle
approach is cheap enough to be essentially
free. The engineering is simple enough
that it could be put up in a couple of years.
The space sunshade, though attractive,
seems unlikely to be implemented. If cost
were no object, one would want to use
something like this latter scheme, because
it’s very clean and controllable, and would
likely minimize any secondary effects.
But it’s very expensive. If you want to go
to that much effort, it would be simpler
just to change our energy systems.
The approach is not without side – effects,
however. Anything we do within the
Earth’s atmosphere might have
unpredictable results that turn out to be
worse than the cure, such as dramatic
changes in regional rainfall or drought
patterns, or chemical reactions that might
disrupt ecosystems.
Once launched, the receptacles would
travel to the place between the Earth and
sun where their gravitational fields cancel
out, allowing objects to remain stationary
relative to the two bodies. This is where
the contents would be released. Scientists
think they could be kept in place for 50
years or more.
 means of releasing it could be as simple
as pumping it up through a vertical pipe
as much as ten kilometres long. Sulphur
dioxide forms sulphate particles that are
big enough to block part of the incoming
sunlight, but small enough to allow
infrared wavelengths – the heat radiation
from the Earth – to escape back into
space.

II. Read the following passage and choose the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word
or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 73 to 82.
Environmental Concerns
Earth is the only place we know of in the universe that can support human life. (73)
_______ human activities are making the planet less fit to live on. As the western world carries on
consuming (74) _______ of the world's resources while half of the world's population do so just to
stay (75) _______ we are rapidly destroying the only resource we have (76) _______ which all
people can survive and prosper. Everywhere fertile soil is (77) _______ built on or washed into the
sea. Renewable resources are exploited so much that they will never be able to recover (78)
_______. We discharge pollutants into the atmosphere without any thought of the consequences.
As a (79) _______, the planet's ability to support people is being reduced at the very time when
rising human numbers and consumption are making increasingly heavy demands on it.
The Earth's (80) _______ resources are there for us to use. We need food, water, air, energy,
medicines, warmth, shelter and minerals to (81) _______ us fed, comfortable, healthy and active. If
we are sensible in how we use the resources they will last indefinitely. But if we use them
wastefully and excessively they will soon (82) _______ and everyone will suffer.
73. A. Still B. Despite C. Yet D. Although
74. A. two-thirds B. two-third C. two-three D. two-threes
75. A. survival B. alive C. existent D. live
76. A. on B. at C. in D. by
77. A. sooner B. rather C. either D. neither
78. A. completely B. quite C. greatly D. utterly
79. A. reaction B. product C. development D. result
80. A. natural B. real C. living D. genuine
81. A. stay B. keep C. maintain D. hold
82. A. run up B. run away C. run out D. run

D. WRITING
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I. Rewrite the following sentences, so that their meaning stay the same, using the exact words given.
83. He stood no chance of passing his exams. (INEVITABLE)
It’s inevitable that he pass his exam.
84. I am sure that he missed the eleven o’clock train. (CAN’T)

85. Not a word came out of her mouth. (LOST)

____________________________________________________________________________________
86. I am not a solitary person, I’m sociable. (RATHER)
____________________________________________________________________________________
87. You cannot choose which hotel you stay at on this package holiday. (OPTION)
____________________________________________________________________________________
88. I certainly won’t change my mind about resigning. (QUESTION)
____________________________________________________________________________________
89. You couldn’t do anything more stupid than to give up your job now. (HEIGHT)
____________________________________________________________________________________
90. I really don’t know what you are talking about. (FAINTEST)
____________________________________________________________________________________
91. I have hardly done anything today. (NEXT)
____________________________________________________________________________________
92. Many people will congratulate her if she wins. (SHOWERED)
____________________________________________________________________________________
93. Tim looks nothing like his father. (TAKE)
____________________________________________________________________________________
94. There are very few opportunities for Tim to play the saxophone these days. (GET)
____________________________________________________________________________________

II. Complete the second sentence so that it has the similar meaning to the first sentence.
95. I don’t intend to apologize to either of them.
I have_______________________________________________________________________________
96. The result of the match was never in doubt.
At no time____________________________________________________________________________
97. Under no circumstances should you phone the police.
The last______________________________________________________________________________
98. “You broke my bicycle, Minh!” said Hoa.
Hoa accused __________________________________________________________________________
99. I didn’t know you were coming, so I didn’t wait for you.
If ___________________________________________________________________________________
100. When I picked up my pen I found that the nib had broken.
On__________________________________________________________________________________
THE END 