Exponential Growth & Decay — tane:_ (SU Unit 5 Day 8 Period: Algebra ll DEAL Certain assets, ke homes, can apprecke (1 in vale over te white others, ike cars, Wea (Vin value wit tine, Years after Purchase | Value of Car (8) 0 $22,000 Exc Suppose you buy a car for $22,000 and the value ofthe 1 $18,480 car depreciates by 16% each year 2 $15,523.20, 3 $13,039.49 4 $10,983.17 5 $9,200.65 © When a quantity decreases by a fi xed percent over a period of ime, the amount (y) ofthat E \t quantity after time (1) is given by | =Q ( ler) , where ais the initial amount and ri the percent ec of decrease expressed as a decimal. The percent of decrease is referred to as the rate of decay. Ex 1: A cup of coffee contains 130 milligrams of caffeine. If caffeine is eliminated from the body at a rate of 11% per hour, how long will it take for half of this caffeine to be eliminated? Qe 10 gratin" Yr 4 (eo) (657 130(1-011)" rl 05> (ony ost? 1405 ; Fog 2lg05 2 ioe 6M >it will tw approximately. Hous ? Use the formula to find how much of the original 130 mg of caffeine would remain after 6 hours. callery* t= a! = 10(1-0.11)" = 130(0.24) Y * Ula 7 Tr wold be appx. Woy cata rey at lo huss.kr <= Some professions use Y la as 2 model for exponential decay. Many scientists use this model to solve problems involving radioactive decay (the decrease in radioactive material overtime) and in regards to carbon dating methods. Ex 2: The halflife of a radioactive substance is the time it takes for one half of the atoms of the substance to disintegrate. Alllife on Earth contains Carbon-14, which decays continuously at a fixed rate. The half-life of Carbon- ‘4:is 5760 years. Thatis, every 5760 years half ofthe mass of Carbon-14 decays away. Whats the value of k and the equation of decay for Carbon-147 yeae™ 407 i _ geet | yrza 0570" 50k t= 510 yr (nd57 Ine W Ino5= -B160k = Inbe x Oh K we b.000r ‘A paleontologist examining the bones of a wooly mammoth estimates that they contain only 3% as much Carbon-14 as they would have contained when the animal was alive. How long ago did the mammoth die? = 0034 OQ. = er o.clat 5 , : nee 00 ont > de mammoth Ined oe ne ae coor abort 14,22! years ago In 0.02" in * ~OCODIZE +2 Ing.03 14,11 “0.000IL ; e When a quantity increases by a fixed percent each time period, the amount (y) of that quantity after t time periods is given by Us alte ry , Where a is the initial amount and ris the percent of increase expressed asa . The percent of increase, r, is also referred to as the rate of growth. Ex 3: In 1910, the population of a city was 120,009. Since then, the population has incrased by 1.6% per year. If the population continues to grow at this rate, what will the population be in 20202 a-tn0,000 yealtery* wo 7 Met populatin wil 120.015 * 110,000 (10.019 be abut 0.278 t> 010-410 = 110,000( 1.016)" 10 years yop n 2000 = WIT, 228.4x 4; Home values in Milerspor increase at about 4% per year. Mr. Thomas purchased his home eight years ago for $122,000. What is the value of his home now? az (22.000 Ye qlitr)* rz 0.04 = rpoco( tra)? €°8 ors 212,000 (.04)* * Vb, 7pkt Another made for exponential growth, prefered by scents, s_l * CE were kis a constant Ex 5: As of 2005, China was the world’s most populous country, with an estimated population of 1.31 billion people. The second most populous country was india, with 1.08 billion. ‘The populations of India and China can be modeled by I(t) = 1.08¢%92°3" and C(t) = 1.316%", respectively. According to these models, when will India's population be more than China's? Te) > Cl) [082208 > | 3lere In 1096022 > In £310" In 108 + Ine" > In 1.31 + In ere In [.08 + 0.01034 > In} + 0.0038 0-0005t > In 1.31 - In 108 6.005? In (F355 +> nds) 0.000 + > 79.1025 —» After abalt 30 yor fron 1005, dla will be He ynost popilals contr