ANALYSIS OF BEAMS REINFORCED FOR COMPRESSION:

As = area of non-prestressed longitudinal tension reinforcement, mm2

As = As1 + As2; the total tensile reinforcement
As1 = area of steel utilized by the concrete – steel couple
As2 = area of steel utilized by the steel – steel couple
As’ = area of compression reinforcement, mm2
Mu1= the moment the beam can develop without compression reinforcement
Mu2= the moment requiring additional tension and compression reinforcement
d = distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of longitudinal tension reinforcement, mm
d’ = distance from extreme compression fiber to centroid of longitudinal compression
reinforcement, mm.

❖ When ρ < ρmax , reinforce the beam for tension only

❖ When ρ > ρmax , reinforce the beam for both tension and compression.
Assume:
1
(ρ – ρ’) = 2 𝜌𝑏
𝐴𝑠1 = (𝜌 − 𝜌′ )𝑏𝑑
𝑀2
𝐴𝑠2 = 𝑎
Ø𝑓𝑦 (𝑑− )
2
As = 𝐴𝑠1 + 𝐴𝑠2
❖ For compression bars to yield:
0.85𝑓′𝑐 𝛽𝑑 ′ 600
ρ – ρ’> 𝑓𝑦 𝑑 (600− 𝑓𝑦 )
❖ For tension bars to yield:
ρ > ρmax
ρmax = 0.75𝜌𝑏 + 𝜌′ if compression bar yields
𝜌′ 𝑓𝑠′
ρmax = 0.75𝜌𝑏 + if compression bars do not yield
𝑓𝑦
fs = calculated stress in reinforcement at service loads, MPa
fy = specified yield strength, MPa
CASE I:
Tensile steel and compression steel will yield
- Assuming tensile steel yields
fs = fy 𝜀𝑠 > 𝜀𝑦

compression steel yields (steel in tension yields)

fs’ = fy 𝜀𝑠′ > 𝜀𝑦

Type equation here. (compression steel yields)

M2 = As’fy (d – d’)
𝑎
M1 = (As – As’) fy (𝑑 − 2 )
𝑎
Mn = (As – As’) fy (𝑑 − 2 ) + As’fy (d – d’)
𝑀𝑢 = Ø𝑀𝑛

CASE II:
Tensile steel will yield but compression steel will not yield

0.003 (𝑐 − 𝑑′ )
𝜀𝑠 ′ =
𝑐

𝜀𝑠′ < 𝜀𝑦

fs' = 𝜀𝑠′ 𝐸𝑠 (Hookes Law)

0.003 (𝑐−𝑑′ )
𝑓𝑠′ = Es
𝑐
406.5

406.5.2