PHILIPPINE CONFLICT OF LAWS

I. PRELIMINARY CONSIDERATION

a. Definition of Conflict of Laws

b. Elements of the Definition
c. Importance
d. Basic Cause for Conflicts Problems
e. Scope of Functions of Conflict of Laws
f. How and Why Observed
g. Conflict of Laws and the Law of Nations (Public International Law)
Distinguished
h. Sources of Conflict of Laws

II. WHAT THE TRIBUNALS OF THE FORM MUST DO

a. Alternative Given to Courts

b. The Question of Jurisdiction
c. Refusal to Assume Jurisdiction
d. Assumption of Jurisdiction
e. Application of Internal or Domestic Law
f. When the Law of the Forum Expressly Provides for the Application
of the Internal Law
g. When the Proper Law has not been Properly Pleaded and Proved
h. Exceptions to the Application of the Proper Foreign Law
i. Exception to the Application of Comity

III. THEORIES ON WHY THE FOREIGN LAW MAY IN SOME CASES BE GIVEN
EFFECT

a. The Theory of Comity

b. The Theory of Vested Rights
c. The Theory of Local Law
d. The Theory of Harmony of Laws
e. The Theory of Justice
f. The Right Theory

IV. THE NATURE AND COMPOSITION OF CONFLICT RULES

a. Nature of Foreign Judgments

b. Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgment
c. Reasons of Recognition
d. Conditions and Requisites Before Recognition
e. Provisions of the Rules of Court on Foreign Judgments
V. NATURE AND COMPOSITION OF CONFLICT RULES

a. Nature of Conflict Rules

b. Kinds of Conflict Rules
c. Composition of Conflict Rules

VI. THE CHARACTERIZATION OF CONFLICT RULES

a. Concept
b. Characterization Defined
c. Factors which Give Rise to Characterization
d. Steps in Characterization
e. Theories on Characterization

VII. THE VARIOUS THEORIES ON STATUS AND CAPACITY

a. Status Defined
b. Capacity Defined
c. Characteristics of Status
d. Personal Law
e. Justification of Personal Law
f. Defect
g. The Theories on Personal Law or the Law that should Govern
States and Capacity in General

VIII. THE NATIONALITY THEORY

a. Nationality and Citizenship

b. Defects of Nationality Theory
c. The Three Kinds of Citizens of the Philippines
d. Two Theories on Whether the Place or Ancestry Determines
Citizenship
e. The Problem of Dual and Multiple Nationalities
f. Dual Allegiance of Citizens
g. The Problem of Stateless Individuals
h. Successional Rights
i. Where a Declaration of Philippine Citizenship May be Made
j. Citizenship of Foreign Woman who Marries a Foreigner
k. Citizenship of a Foreign Woman who Marries a Filipino
l. Citizens of the Philippines
m. Naturalized Filipino Citizens
n. Naturalization
o. How Philippine Citizenship may be Lost and Reacquired
IX. THE DOMICILIARY THEORY

a. Defects
b. Domicile distinguished from Citizenship or Nationality
c. Definition of Domicile
d. Kinds of Domicile
e. Domicillium Origins
f. Domicillium Necessarium
g. Rules of Domicile of Choice
h. Distinguished from residence

X. THE SITUS OR ECLECTIC THEORY

XI. THE PROLEM OF RENVOI

a. Renvoi Problem
b. Proposed Solutions
c. Transmission
d. Double Renvoi

XII. RULES ON STATUS IN GENERAL

a. The Beginning of Personality of Natural Persons

b. Ways and Effects of Emancipation
c. Age of Majority
d. Use of Names and Surnames
e. Title of Nobility
f. Absence
g. Presumptions of Death and Survivorship
h. End of Personality

XIII. MARRIAGE AS A CONTRACT

a. Definition
b. Two Aspects of Marriage
c. Synopsis of the Rules on Marriage
d. Formal Requisites
e. Substantial and Essential Requisites
f. Marriages Celebrated Abroad
g. Between Foreigners
h. Mixed Marriages
i. Marriages by Proxy
j. Marriage Contract vs. Ordinary Contract
XIV. MARRIAGE AS A STATUS

a. Synopsis
b. Personal Rights and Obligations
c. Effect of Change of Nationality
d. Relation between Husband and Wife
e. Duties
f. Property Relations
g. Matrimonial Property Regimes
h. Immutability of Matrimonial Property Regime Doctrine
i. Immutability of the Regime vs. Mutability of the Law

XV. ANNULMENT OF A VOIDABLE MARRIAGE AND DECLARATION OF NULLITY

OF A VOID MARRIAGE

a. Synopsis
b. Annulment vs. Declaration of Nullity of a Void Marriage
c. Grounds for Annulment or Declaration or Nullity
d. Proper Courts
e. Church Annulments and Declarations of Nullity
f. Psychological Incapacity

XVI. ABSOLUTE DIVORCE

a. Synopsis
b. Absolute Divorce vs. Annulment
c. Kinds of Divorce
d. Effect of Foreign Divorce

XVII. LEGAL SEPARATION

a. Grounds for Legal Separation

b. Distinguished from Absolute Divorce
c. Distinguished from Annulment of Marriage
d. Residence requirements
e. Effect of Death

XVIII. PATERNITY AND FILIATION, ADOPTION, GUARDIANSHIP, AND FUNERAL

a. Synopsis
b. Paternity and Filiation
c. Conflict Rules
d. Internal Rules on Legitimation and Recognition
e. Doctrine of Immutability of Status
f. Adoption
g. Validity of Foreign Decrees
h. Guardianship
i. Funerals
XIX. REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTIES

a. Synopsis
b. Real Property
c. Rules in case of Real Property
d. Exceptions to the Rules
e. Rules for Personal Property
f. Rationale for the Doctrine as Applied
g. Scope of the Theory
h. Chose Defined
i. Intangible Personal Property

XX. WILLS, SUCCESSION AND ADMINISTRATION

a. Synopsis of Conflicts Rules

b. Extrinsic and Intrinsic Validity of Wills
c. Extrinsic Validity of Joint Wills
d. Theories on the Transmission of Successional Rights
e. Capacity to Succeed
f. Revocation of Wills
g. Effect of Change of Nationality of the Testator
h. Caduciary Rights
i. Probate
j. Probate of Wills Executed Abroad
k. Administration of Estate
l. Conflict Rules

XXI. OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS

a. Synopsis
b. Conflicts Rules for Specific Contracts
c. Definitions
d. Formal or Extrinsic Validity
e. Capacity of the Parties
f. Intrinsic Validity of Contracts
g. Conflicts Rules for Specific Contracts

XXII. TORTS (QUASI DELICTS)

a. Synopsis
b. Definition
c. Liability and Damages for Torts
d. Characterization of the Locus Delicti
e. Enforceability of Foreign Torts
XXIII. CRIMES

a. Synopsis
b. Crimes
c. Distinguished from Torts
d. Characterization
e. Theories as to what Court has Jurisdiction
f. Philippine Theory in Criminal Law
g. Crimes Committed Abroad Public Vessels
h. Crimes Committed Aboard Private or Merchant Vessels
i. Philippine-US Military Bases Agreement

XXIV. JURIDICAL PERSONS

a. Synopsis
b. Corporation
c. Theories on Personal or Governing Law of a Corporation
d. Theories
e. Exemplification of the Theories
f. Theory followed in the Philippines
g. The Grandfather Rule
h. Validity of Corporate Acts and Contracts
i. Right to Sue and Amenability to Court Processes
j. Manner and Effect of Dissolution
k. Domicile of a Corporation
l. Receivership of Corporation
m. Partnership
n. Conflict Rules
o. Receivership of a Partnership
p. Domicile
q. Taxation of Juridical Persons

XXV. BRIEF HISTORY OF CONFLICT OF LAWS