 Introduction To Drug Education  Causes And Influence Of Drug Abuse  Understanding

The Drug Problem  Treatment And Education  Law Enforcement Approach On Drug
Problem AND Salient Features Of Ra 9165  Drug Related Laws And Issuances.  Drugs
Investigation Processes Finals  Concepts Of Vices  Drug Abuse  Problem Of Alcoholism
& Its Legal Aspects  The Problem Of Prostitution  special Laws Enacted In Relation To
Prostitutions  Gambling As Vice Problem

INTRODUCTION TO DRUG EDUCATION

Drug education is the planned provision of information, guidelines, resources, and skills relevant
to living in a world where psychoactive substances are widely available and commonly used for a
variety of both medical and non-medical purposes, some of which may lead to harms such
as overdose, injury, infectious disease (such as HIV or hepatitis C), or addiction
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_education

The Causes of Drug Abuse

There are many causes of drug abuse. The most common include a history of trauma, mental
illness, and chronic stress.

Experiencing a trauma, such as physical or sexual abuse, accidents, war, or natural disaster,
can lead to long-term problems, including post-traumatic stress disorder, or
PTSD. PTSD causes nightmares, insomnia, flashbacks, anger, and fear. Many people
abuse drugs or alcohol to self-medicate these negative symptoms. Childhood trauma is a very
common cause of substance abuse.

Similarly, mental illnesses like anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and

eating disorders are common causes of drug abuse. It’s very common for people with a
mental illness to use drugs or alcohol to reduce symptoms. Unfortunately, drugs or alcohol
almost always make a mental illness worse, and they can even cause the onset of a mental
illness where one didn’t exist before.

Chronic stress due to poverty, financial problems, a dysfunctional relationship can lead to
great dissatisfaction with life. For many, drugs and alcohol are a way to relax and reduce
stress. But drugs and alcohol have been shown through research to worsen the way your body
responds to stress, making your chronic stress even worse.

Other common causes of drug abuse include family dysfunction and medical illness.
The causes and effects of drug abuse can snowball, leading to heavier use and addiction.

https://betteraddictioncare.com/causes-of-drug-abuse/

UNDERSTANDING THE DRUG PROBLEM

Many people don't understand why or how other people become

addicted to drugs. They may mistakenly think that those who use drugs
lack moral principles or willpower and that they could stop their drug use
simply by choosing to. In reality, drug addiction is a complex disease,
and quitting usually takes more than good intentions or a strong will.
Drugs change the brain in ways that make quitting hard, even for those
who want to. Fortunately, researchers know more than ever about how
drugs affect the brain and have found treatments that can help people
recover from drug addiction and lead productive lives.
https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/understanding-drug-use-addiction

As with most other chronic diseases, such as diabetes, asthma, or heart

disease, treatment for drug addiction generally isn’t a cure. However,
addiction is treatable and can be successfully managed. People who are
recovering from an addiction will be at risk for relapse for years and
possibly for their whole lives. Research shows that combining addiction
treatment medicines with behavioral therapy ensures the best chance of
success for most patients. Treatment approaches tailored to each
patient’s drug use patterns and any co-occurring medical, mental, and
social problems can lead to continued recovery.

More good news is that drug use and addiction are preventable. Results
from NIDA-funded research have shown that prevention programs
involving families, schools, communities, and the media are effective for
preventing or reducing drug use and addiction. Although personal events
and cultural factors affect drug use trends, when young people view drug
use as harmful, they tend to decrease their drug taking. Therefore,
education and outreach are key in helping people understand the
possible risks of drug use. Teachers, parents, and health care providers
have crucial roles in educating young people and preventing drug use
and addiction.

What is drug abuse?

Drug abuse is the use of illegal drugs or the use of prescription or over-the-
counter medications in ways other than recommended or intended. It also
includes intentional inhalation of household or industrial chemicals for their
mind-altering effects. Tobacco use and problem drinking are sometimes
included in the definition of drug abuse. Chemical abuse and substance
abuse are terms sometimes used interchangeably with the term drug
abuse, or they may be used to refer to a combination of drug abuse and
tobacco use or problem drinking.

Many drugs that are abused are also addictive; they cause cravings and a
continued desire to use them despite negative consequences. Drug abuse
can start in childhood and continue in adulthood. Studies of high school
students indicate that approximately 42% drink alcohol, 21% use
marijuana, and 3% use cocaine. Approximately 12% have used inhalants,
and 20% have abused prescription drugs (Source: CDC).
People who abuse drugs may take them initially out of curiosity, to escape,
to feel good, due to peer pressure, or for a variety of other reasons. Drugs
can affect a number of different organs, and complications can result from
damage to the brain or to other parts of the body. Other negative
consequences often result from the effects drugs have on a person’s mind,
as well as actions an individual may take while under their influence.

Treatment can be on an inpatient or outpatient basis, depending on the

drug being abused, whether addiction is present, and whether there are
coexisting health or psychological problems. Supervised withdrawal, also
called detoxification (or detox), may be necessary if physical symptoms are
common when the drug is stopped. Medications may be used to decrease
cravings, cou nteract the effects of the drug, or to cause unpleasant
reactions if the drug is used. Behavioral therapy is commonly an important
part of treatment, providing skills, helping change attitudes and behaviors,
and helping maintain recovery.

Drug abuse can have serious, even life-threatening, complications, such as

drug overdose, alcohol poisoning, trauma, and suicidal or violent
behavior. Seek immediate medical care (call 911) for serious symptoms,
including threatening, irrational or suicidal behavior; serious injury;
respiratory or breathing problems; rapid, slow or absent pulse;
chest pain or tightness; persistent vomiting; cold, clammy, or hot, dry skin;
severe abdominal pain; seizure; or confusion or loss of consciousness for
even a brief moment.

Seek prompt medical care if you think you might have a problem with
drugs.

https://www.healthgrades.com/right-care/substance-abuse-and-
addiction/drug-abuse
Human behavior is an inherently complex subject matter which pertains to the manner and
reasons behind people’s actions. Of course, there are countless theories associated with
human behavior and various types of conduct. Understanding human behavior is very
important in society; the knowledge sheds light on patterns, the reasons people make certain
decisions, and much more. Of course, the more one understands about human behavior, the
better they can position themselves and comprehend how others see, interpret, and adapt to
their various environments.

Theories Of Human Behavior

Of theories about human behavior, one of the most prevalent ones of all is that of
conditioning. Conditioning occurs when someone is groomed into behaving in a certain
manner. There are two main types of conditioning, and different people may be more
impacted by one form over the other. Of course, conditioning human beings to behave in a
certain way can have prompt ethical or moral debates, especially when someone is
conditioned to act in a manner which fails to suit their best interests. Then, others maintain
that human beings are all inherently programmed to behave in one way or another.

Classical Conditioning
Classical conditioning occurs when someone comes to associate specific stimuli with various
outcomes. In turn, this manner of conditioning often encourages people to behave in ways
which will bring them joy and pleasure. For instance, if someone finds that they tend to do
well when they follow their instincts as opposed to following the rules, they are likelier to be
a nonconformist and take risks. Classical conditioning does not always have to occur from the
actions or manipulations of a specific individual. Sometimes, this type of conditioning
happens from society or from the environment in which someone is routinely exposed to.

Operant Conditioning
Quite simply, operant conditioning controls human behavior via positive and negative
reinforcement. A person who finds themselves constantly in trouble with the law when they
break certain rules typically learns to associate rule-breaking with legal issues. Likewise, an
individual who regularly studies for exams and aces them comes to associate studying with
positive grades. When it comes to human behavior, people tend to steer clear of what causes
them pain and gravitate towards pleasure and personal satisfaction. These are some of how
conditioning, both classical and operant, is theorized to impact human behavior.

Cognition
In the realm of human behavior, cognition is a very prevalent theory which maintains that
human behavior is determined by an individual’s thoughts, inner judgment, personal
motivations, etc. This particular theory places great emphasis on people’s internal states and
maintains that what a person is feeling, thinking, or battling will eventually impact the
behavior which the world sees. Of course, cognitive theories which pertain to human
behavior are heavily supported by mental health studies, psychological studies, and more.
Much of what exists within the tangible, external world today originally existed within an
individual’s mind.

Types Of Human Behavior

Many theories of human behavior are widely used and accepted in today’s world.
Understanding these theories makes a difference, but so does understanding the types of
human behavior and the factors which drive them. As a unique species, human beings will
collectively and individually fall into different or even multiple categories. Certain people may
be inclined in one direction, whereas others are driven by something else entirely.
Nevertheless, the following information is required to understand what human behavior is
true.
Personality-Based
How people behave is largely impacted by their personality. Some individuals may be patient
and easygoing, while others are impatient and hot-headed. In most cases, you cannot tell
someone’s personality right off the bat. Usually, it takes time to get to know them, interact
with them, and truly get a feel for what you’re dealing with. Some personalities are friendlier
than others, and there are a series of factors which can shape or alter someone’s personality.
Culture, environment, the peer can influence an individual’s personality, and so much more.

Interest-Based
A person’s level of interest significantly plays a role in their human behavior. Interest can
determine whether or not someone behaves in a way which is not consistent with who they
are. Furthermore, interest often determines whether or not someone takes risks or pursues a
goal. More often than not, when someone is interested in a person or subject, they are more
likely to devote attention than if they were not interested. Gauging a person’s interest in
something can be a very great way of predicting or theorizing forthcoming human behavior.

Attitude-Based
Like personality and interest, individual attitude also deeply affects human behavior.
Attitudes can be right or wrong, by one’s development or by outside influence. Nevertheless,
there is no denying that a person’s attitude determines the choices they make, the way they
interact with others, and their general human behavior in a nutshell. A positive attitude can
make someone more open and receptive to a certain person or situation. Likewise, a negative
attitude tends to cause individuals to avoid or shut out what they view disfavorably.

Emotion-Based
Emotions are deeply relevant when it pertains to human behavior. So many actions and
decisions in life are emotionally charged, even when people don’t realize this on the surface.
A positive emotional state can cause someone to be open-minded, more likely to take risks,
and otherwise engage in certain behaviors. Likewise, a negative emotional state can lead to
destruction, isolation, or a person’s decision to withdraw. Virtually all manners of human
behavior can be traced back to emotions of some sort, even if additional factors are involved.

Human Behavior And Self-Control

A more thorough comprehension of human behavior has positively contributed to society on
so many levels. This is an undeniable fact, and yet, in spite of the definition, theories, and
types of human behavior, self-control is still very much relevant. How you behave always
makes a difference because when it’s all said and done, you are accountable for your actions.
Behaving well and controlling yourself is very easy when everything is going well, and your
back isn’t against the wall. However, behavior in the face of stress, worries, and challenges is
often what turns out to be the most defining.

Self-control matters because it determines whether or not you stay grounded even in the
face of adversity or tough times. Someone who lacks self-control will have a significantly
harder time staying out of trouble than someone who knows how to manage themselves.
Exercising self-control doesn’t mean that you will never feel angry. It doesn’t mean that your
personality, interest levels, and attitudes won’t come into play; however, when you have self-
control, you can manage these factors instead of allowing them to manage you.

Consequences, whether positive or negative, are inevitable factors when it comes to human
behavior. The choices you make and how you choose to behave determine whether or not
you experience desirable or undesirable outcomes. Self-control is what allows you to manage
your behavior and avoid negative consequences which you don’t want to be exposed to.
There are countless situations where people have looked back and either wished they’d
exercised better self-control or felt thankful that they did exercise self-control.

What If You Struggle With Your Human Behavior?

If you find yourself struggling with managing your behavior, then this could very well be a
sign of a deeper issue which needs to be addressed. Even when someone is feeling frustrated
or under the weather, there still tends to be a degree of self-control, which allows them to
manage the choices they make and how they interact with others.

Issues with personal human behavior could be indicative of unresolved issues or past trauma.
Sometimes, people find themselves on negative downwards spirals when they haven’t dealt
with very important issues which have the power to impact their life. Unresolved trauma can
impact someone’s personality, levels of interest, attitude, emotional state, and so much more.
It’s nothing to mess around with, and the worst part is that many individuals are not
consciously aware when these adverse impacts are happening. All they can see is the
symptoms of the problem, hence the inability to manage their behavior.

If this is something which resonates with you, then signing up for online therapy with
BetterHelp can truly change your life for the better. Online therapy comes with multiple
benefits; first and foremost, you’ll have access to a therapist regardless of who you are or
where you live. Secondly, you’ll have the support system and professional guidance, which
can provide insight into your situation. Finally, by working with a therapist, you open yourself
up to not only learning more about yourself as an individual but also understanding important
details which impact the quality of your life.
Regardless of who you are or what you may be going through, you deserve access to the best
care possible, and you deserve the opportunity to make the rest of your life the best of your
life.

https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/behavior/what-is-human-behavior-theories-definition-and-
types/

Victimology is the study of crime victims. It’s a subset of criminology, the study of
crime. People who study victimology, or victimization, examine the psychological
effects of crimes on the victims, the interactions between victims and the criminal
justice system and the relationships between victims and offenders. Modern
theories of victimology try to explain why some are more likely than other to
become victims of a crime.

Three areas within of study within victimology include the following:

Victim Precipitation Theory

The victim precipitation theory suggests that the characteristics of the victim
precipitate the crime. That is, a criminal could single out a victim because the
victim is of a certain ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, gender or gender identity.

This theory does not only involve hate crimes directed at specific groups of
people. It might also involve occupations or activities. For example, someone who
is opposed to his or her views may target a political activist. An employee may
target a recently promoted employee if he or she believes they deserved the
promotion.

Lifestyle Theory
Lifestyle theory suggests that certain people may become the victims of crimes
because of their lifestyles and choices. For example, someone with a gambling or
substance addiction could be as an “easy victim” by a con artist.

Walking alone at night in a dangerous area, conspicuously wearing expensive

jewelry, leaving doors unlocked and associating with known criminals are other
lifestyle characteristics that may lead to victimization.

Deviant Place Theory

There is some overlap between the lifestyle theory and the deviant place theory.
The deviant place theory states that an individual is more likely to become the
victim of a crime when exposed to dangerous areas. In other words, a mugger is
more likely to target a person walking alone after dark in a bad neighborhood. The
more frequently a person ventures into bad neighborhoods where violent crime is
common, the greater the risk of victimization.

There is also some overlap between the deviant place theory and socioeconomic
approaches to victimization. Low-income households are more likely to be located
in or near dangerous areas of town, and individuals from poor socioeconomic
backgrounds are less capable of moving away from these dangerous areas.

Victimology, threat assessment and criminal behavior are just a few of the topics
you will study in Grand Canyon University’s  Bachelor of Science in Justice
Studies  degree program. This program is offered by the  College of Humanities
and Social Sciences   and provides a solid framework that students can draw from
as they pursue rewarding careers in the criminal justice field. Begin your
academic journey today by visiting our website or clicking on the Request More
Information on this page.

https://www.gcu.edu/blog/criminal-justice-government-and-public-administration/
3-modern-theories-victimology