Zolerent lowes , PRug. ta : Indensity

(2 AP # Bp inbhre ot his p os. Path difference ae p= Ap- Ap a To dnd Bpend AP, Consickr aX AQP and AE Brp (fey BPs BR + PRY = D?>4PRE Apt= Aart Pay =D>+ pa Le para(otgyt and Pee af) +s)"). 7 ast \SC el Tf ped didferenos jt Conn Ae Pen be eb dies 7 Delfrackion = Phenemenon Wfes bendirg & (eghe an” Pasce> Ground the 2A Jes of an object. Arroun + depencle. on wave bag th Crd & Gghe. fccbion <7 Rresnet Lidlfracken Tee types f diffvacton < preunkohe detach Fraunloda ddRackon, Pres ned otdh achon : Pig — Sue Serco Source ~< -Cereon ate ak Qoannumanel finite dxbence toni slit at alinile dictana(ersicer Parcs ltd bearo S gp monechabilbc Cx) hom [i Hncicent neamally ‘09 ee eee (a) +» The Becnday lWwaveeh faxtirg on (>) fo Ke <&eon phad in fecot pane ef Ihe lone. The Vey dLicffrace bee along Heo dreclson A Inedenkk ane Acused ako. Bilder ce corlary toaveBts foro AB veackas Hes point 2k fame phase Prodecas iMdensi te i) Path didferena. (A= Ao -Bo=0 Ma dex pakucO . The Setonlary wovebd tek Ww (ons. © twith hormel are ficeused ab Py “ lffacdl at org Then pate diftecene petween BD AP - Be Jo inc BE Conaitlec Be Ape , lied pe _ eeu op port didferende (BD isi Shan, [22° clasWHE path Aerence is old maltipaa of fos 6= Cano) jp masta ol From fhe Hoey , dra verultant amplitude Where A- Amp liderda duo 40 Sig b alt when 6 =6 a *[Aosne) . Alse Tntenity [T=] Also, If 4’ is Acal Grgth f Coliimabicg ns and “x! is! Grstance o first minima Gr) moxwma frorn 6’ than, sing = AL 2 =|sA=2% Qa Thus diffraction pattern due do Sig Slt Gone ty ecenvel bight maxima ato’ followed by Se@ y . ses beth Sider. max, mo and minima 8 ahr (ay. Asi] Ll sete dias ee. Distance Fraunhofer diffiactton at doube Slt ee | elLee ABond cd are two Sl g¢ equal. wide G) iby opequa distana (hy. Accordirg to Hy ger Prineip Ap and ¢D Sende out Second avy WwoveGés in all direst PEAS undid feaelrd Gnditien, Sea ndary warlate from 31 &82 fatts In Lo are Aeussed ako with pat difference egual tp O, fe CAo—De) =0 Produces Maximum Light indensity cared Central maxima . det us lena point GD aba disdone x from o” Tr didhacted Gander, the Sea@nday rove be La dfolirs In Le ave foccuss ef le ‘p’ Whore In density dependa On Lws Pheremans (1) Thterfexenca phanemana duc » Setendary waves eminatirg from He Grreapondirg point & Ho slits St2S2 aw Didfrach on Phe-romem luc fo Seendary Waves from Lhe, gtk StA$2 Incddyiduoly e Gordrtin Av Th bev Grence. friniraa and maxima Gneidar etendary wave eds drovelttng in a diveebten, inclined at on argle 8 ak AAC from incident tame oa Poth difference. bebwaan, CP-AP = CE Le ‘ Cee nd CE., Graicer A& Ace > Sin = 75 aa @ @+Dsine =%e Condition Aw Trlerkren ca. troxima’ {ati sine 2nd) | To ft Condition tox Inckerleren henna (CES Si(on Pron © from inedank wave divecbon Path differen ca betwean BP~ AP = BF Todind BF. Gnsider AC ABE 3 Sino= Bi cag ditten chy dithectan maaea: cas 5 Qnty] Gudsticn dy cditfiaction minima (asine = = na = £ > a sine ~—- Prom the theory

/-65e CY 4 Exbactd. Yay = + 486 Hy ae Canoda 2elsam = 1550 % es - (4) her ovdinary fay wy-tp. Canada Bokeam 2 65a © 5 ~ : ae SING = J550 2 1658 Thus Ange e jneidenta. » Citiced ong. jE Le totaly | pefbckeal and only Exbacrdinay ray passed HHregt. hi ether face. TF on polavzed light vs passed Ehrougt Prise, rt preven one ray and allows Othar ray Wwhz Vs plane polavized . lazer and Aralysec i Nicel Pe Peis Leet polesfuk Mokeha< plane polavzedt passer throug h Whe angle to (PI) Whore 1b gets doko infer beCemen ordinay ray Nok Redoded Retoled be igh- org. J Greve cvdinesy vey unpolan = Plana. Foleaed Habe [Pp q Light [Pz] ordinary vay AS Polavizer As Anolysex Quarter Wove Plate Tt isa plate g cloubly Yehacking Gniaziak Cryctat BF colesite or Puort2 of SuitabG thicknars whose yea ching facan ave Cub Parallel to fhe abvection gf tee epticaxis and Capable. ef Producitg a pat dblerenca fp "4 ox Phase ditlexenta We betweon Ordinary and o bros vay. ; (onsider a Plate. F cloubly tefra ching nea Cot with ta face parallel tothe ophe arse ty Wwovelergh Pf light inodent Rev ally broken inde wrdenary and obra erdirary é Pp+a (roungt = inte *nthicel + = ae 4 Chorne) @ Pex Positive crystal Like Quartz [nezne] 2 [v >V, Fx Nagetive Crystal like Cobcite [n> nd 2 Cv oi ‘ vapobszed Light ws Opies once = — =~ 4 > ae as = Erbooricat a,—gpergpat Legh Stree Half wove p de ; fat Crystal. A plate 4 deukly tehacting usian Leith, jd optical creis Pavalel te Pre vehacking 1 ond Capable. of Prodessing 2 Path hitderanen. (Oia) Pho, different i= 7 “ ! be dhe thicknoo 2& Nake, the and extracrdinary rays theogh @ snaPrduckon: Tf a beamg unpobiviaed light = loovelangth Passed threth q hicel prism. Jt is split up info ordi and exdratrdinayy Yay inside the Crystal. Tha ordinary YW tobally \efbcted ot canada balsam layer and actra ordinary ay passes Ehrouh the end fata ae Plone pe byized lghe . Detection: Tf the plane pokrired from end fice gd ical js again Passed throug anothar Nice| Prem which ic ek Gradually ahouk tha jnedont hear as auc , tha. inbensidy of. leght dhevpas wad, Meshes, : Nicol Prism 2. Cretoded') Nicol pvisro | = Pes pobrick lavined hi ———~ Thien tiple a a Uaghe decrenten Production Debechion-p : Plane polarized kg he Plana pelarized ight iD Produckion and detection Eluipticall po lavized, lghe jon! When an unpolarized light ts. pasted th psn plane polaioed Light +s phockucad , on pass) Quarter ware plate. Sach that Inodent yay Sand 46 Lolth eptichl axis a. Abavier us : Bf pabe = producod Th this Coe b hice}eb Ta leghhisns Completely gy bingurahod ’ eh lp ~ Nite) Prism ode to) : Rogerio AA mp Clipe plato ih F Unpelarigas bight y on Sovattr tusave plate Nicol Peer Caraga) OO at a bingsicad, in om ehalon Poland ee EUipt cay peleond Tie Esht 7 Pe ia Gi) Produchen and phtechon fe Gr cubay Ly pokiael Galts Prediction’. when ar unpelaized Light js passed troy pice) Poert, Plane pelnized light le produced, en passi Prog buarter Ware plete Suh Hyde Ineidant light braking ane 4st With the Opbeel axis f Quarter lave plete, Crewtary pebrized lighé 1S produced. Ty this Case,G) betas / 2 pp and ER is 4/2 Deleation: I} fhe Creularl Polarized light from Quark ware plate i= passed Through as Quarter wore p ke el, x bi te light 1 @nplabely actirgurs FER visti at the pice] Prem. 3 Mice) PrisreJ v [Phr=_pobona| Oreolarly polarized