p : Andrian bought a car in this year

q : Andrian won the competition of discrite math in Indralaya

Soal :

⌐ p (negasi) : Andrian didn’t bought a car in this year

p V q ( or ) : Andrian bought a car this year or He won the competition of discrite math in Indralaya

p → q (jika p benar maka q benar & jika p salah q juga salah) : If Andrian bought a car this year, then
he won the competition of discrite math in Indralaya

p ∧ q ( dan ) : Andrian bought a car in this year and he won the competition of discrite math in
Indralaya

p ↔ q ( jika dan hanya jika) : Andrian bought a car in this year if and only if he won the competition
of discrite math in Indralaya

p ← q : Andrian bought a car in this year, if he won the competition of discrite math in Indralaya

⌐ p → ⌐ q ( jika p salah q juga salah ) : If Andrian didn’t bought a car in this year, then he didn’t won
the competition of discrite math in Indralaya

⌐ p ∧ ⌐ q ( p salah dan q salah) : Andrian didn’t bought a car in this year and he didn’t won the
competition of discrite math in Indralaya

⌐ p v ( p ∧ q ) : Andrian didn’t bought a car in this year or he won the competition and he bought
a new car

Sharks haven’t been spotted near the shore

Swimming at the New Jersey shore is allowed or Sharks have been spotted near the shore

Swimming at the New Jersey shore is forbidden and Sharks have been spotted near the shore
Find the contrapositive, the converse, and the inverse of the conditional statement Extra Examples

p : it is raining

q : The home team wins

“If it is raining, then the home team wins.” p → q

“If the home team does not win, then it is not raining.” CONTRAPOSITION ⌐ q → ⌐ p

“If the home team wins, then it is raining.” CONVERSE q → p

“If it is not raining, then the home team does not win.” INVERS ⌐ p → ⌐ q

Nomer 9

P “Swimming at the New Jersey shore is allowed”

Q “Sharks have been spotted near the shore,”

Sharks haven’t been spotted near the shore ¬ q

Swimming at the New Jersey shore is allowed or Sharks have been spotted near the shore p ∧ q

Swimming at the New Jersey shore is forbidden and Sharks have been spotted near the shore ¬ p v q

If Swimming at the New Jersey shore is allowed, Sharks haven’t been spotted near the shore p → ¬q

If Sharks haven’t been spotted near the shore, then Swimming at the New Jersey shore is allowed

¬q→p

If Swimming at the New Jersey shore is forbidden, then Sharks haven’t been spotted near the shore
¬p→¬q

Swimming at the New Jersey shore is allowed if and only if Sharks haven’t been spotted near the
shore p ↔ ¬ q

Swimming at the New Jersey shore is forbidden or Swimming at the New Jersey shore is allowed and
Sharks haven’t been spotted near the shore ¬p ∧ (p ∨ ¬q)
Nomer 11

p : It is below freezing.

q : It is snowing.

Write these propositions using p and q and logical connectives (including negations).

a) It is below freezing and snowing.

b) It is below freezing but not snowing.

c) It is not below freezing and it is not snowing.

d) It is either snowing or below freezing (or both).

e) If it is below freezing, it is also snowing.

f) Either it is below freezing or it is snowing, but it is not snowing if it is below freezing.

g) That it is below freezing is necessary and sufficient for it to be snowing.

Answer

a) p ∧ q

b) p ∧ ¬ q

c) ¬ p ∧ ¬ q

d) p ∨ q

e) p → q

f) (p ∨ q) ∧ (p → ¬ q)

g) p ↔ q

e→a

m→ e ∨ p
g→(r∧¬m∧¬b)

~s ⟶ (w⟶d)

e → (a ∧ (b ∨ p) ∧ r)

u → ( b32 ∧ g1 ∧ ( r1 ∧ h16) v ( r2 ∧ h32 ))