Activity 4

Inductive and Deductive Reasoning

Name: Date:
Program: Score:

A. Use inductive reasoning to predict the next 3 numbers in each list.

1. 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36

2. 5, 11, 17, 23, 29, 35, 41, 47, 53

3. 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512

4. 80, 70, 61, 53, 46, 40, 35, 31, 28

5. 3/5, 5/7, 7/9, 9/11, 11/13, 13,15, 15/17, 17/19, 19/21

3 5 7 11 11 13
5. , , , , , , . . .
5 7 9 9 13 15

B. Use inductive reasoning to decide whether each statement is correct.

CORRECT 6. The sum of any two even counting numbers is always an even counting number.

CORRECT 7. The product of two odd counting numbers is always an odd counting number.

CORRECT 8. The product of an odd counting number and an even counting number is always
an even counting number.

INCORRECT 9. The sum of two odd counting numbers is always an odd counting number.

INCORRECT 10. Pick any counting number. Multiply the number by 6. Add 8 to the product.
Divide the sum by 2. Subtract 4 from the quotient. The resulting number is twice the original
number.

C. Magic Squares
A magic square of order n is an arrangement of numbers in a square such that the sum of
the n numbers in each row, column and diagonal is the same number.

16 3 2 13
5 10 11 8
9 6 7 12
4 15 14 1
D. Use inductive reasoning to predict the next letter in the following list.

O, T, T, F, F, S, S, E, N

Note: Look for a pattern that involves letters from words used for counting

E. Determine whether the following is a deductive and inductive reasoning

1. All household owners pays electric bills.

Guiller is a household owner.
Therefore, Guiller pays electric bills.
DEDUCTIVE REASONING
2. All aunts and uncles are loved by their nieces and nephews
Liza and Ronnie are aunt and uncle.
Therefore, Liza and Ronnie are loved by their nieces and nephews.
DEDUCTIVE REASONING
3. All chickens that we have seen have been while.
Therefore, all chicken are white.
INDUCTIVE REASONING
4. Michael just moved here from Manila.
Michael has red hair.
Therefore, all people from Malita have red hair.
INDUCTIVE REASONING
5. Leo is an excellent swimmer.
John;s family has a swimming pool.
Therefore, the sister of John named Mary must also be an excellent swimmer.
DEDUCTIVE REASONING