Manuale Com-1375 BMX Bruckner MR-B 40k-Igbt Client

Instruction and
maintenance page 1 of 30
manual
ORDER No. 1375-BMX BRÜCKNER

Instruction and maintenance manual
corona discharge system consisting of:
electronic generator MR\B 40K-IGBT\CU

Serial No. 191-192-193-194-195-196-197\C.1375\BMX
discharge station BHS\3\3\15\F\M\8220

Serial No. 157\B17-2404-
Discharge station BHS\2\2\15\F\M\8220
Serial No. 158-159\B17-2404
0 03/02/04 First Edition
Rev. Date Description Compiled Checked Approved

ME.RO S.r.l. Instruction and Maintenance Manual page.2 of 30
Contents
1 page n°3 Machine transport, handling and storage

1.1 Machine storage conditions
1.2 Size, weight(s), position of centre(s) of gravity
1.3 Handling
2 page n°4 Machine commissioning

2.1 Assembly conditions
2.2 Area required for operation and maintenance
2.3 Permissible ambient conditions
2.4 Connecting the machine to the power supply
2.5 Recommended precautionary measures to be adopted by the user
3 page n°5 Information on the machine

3.1 Detailed description of the machine and the accessories, guards and/or safety
devices
3.2 Purpose of the machine and uses not permitted
3.3 Measuring methods
3.4 Electrical system
3.5 Generator operating principless
3.6 Generator START-UP
3.7 Repair and maintenance
4 page n°15 Operating the machine and description of manual controls

4.1 Discharge station- Start-up and adjustments
4.2 Stopping procedures
5 page n°29 System maintenance
6 page n°30 Instruction and warning

6.1 General safety regulations
1 Machine transport, handling and storage
1.1 Storage conditions
The machine must be adequately protected from water and dust.

The machine can be stored at temperatures between -25°C and +70°C.
A dry ambient is preferable but not essential.
1.2 Size, weight(s), position of centre(s) of gravity
See figure -A-
1.3 Handling instructions
For the purposes of despatch, system components are packed in special containers with
wooden bases.
It is recommended that the packing be removed only when the machine has been brought
close to its final position.
Generator handling can be effected by means of a fork lift of sufficient power.
Cables of suitable strength must be used to lift the discharge stations at the appropriate
points indicated on the container. N.B. Do not use a fork lift.
The gross weight is shown on the packing.
When handling without packing, the generators must be lifted using the eye-bolts provided.
N.B. Ensure that the lifting cables do not press against the delicate parts of the
discharge station (they should come into contact with the main tube only).
2 Machine commissioning
2.1 Assembly conditions
The discharge station must be securely anchored to the support structure.

For correct positioning, refer to 4.1.
2.2 Area required for operation and maintenance
The generator is completely enclosed by side panels (removeable by unscrewing) and by

two hinged panels (front and rear).
Position the generator so that it is accessible from all sides (with the exception of the base)
with a clear area of 80 cm all round.
If the generator has to be positioned near other parts (so that one or more sides are covered),
it must be fixed in such a way as to allow it to be moved and to provide access for
maintenance.
The generator’s cooling air intakes must be unobstructed and easily accessible for
maintenance (filter cleaning,etc).
The discharge station is completely enclosed. Access to the inside is gained by unscrewing
the side panels.
Two transparent windows on the sides are provided for visually checking the corona
discharge inside the station.
2.3 Permissible ambient conditions
The electronic generator can operate in temperatures of between +5°C and +40°C, and in
humidity levels of 30-95%, without condensation.
In a working environment where the temperature is close to the maximum, it is advisable to
place the generators in an air-conditioned ambient or provide air-conditioning at the cooling
air intakes.
The discharge station can operate in temperatures of between +5°C and +55°C, and in
humidity levels of 30-95%, without condensation.
Special care must be taken to check temperature and humidity when conditions compatible
with the formation of condensation on the internal and external surfaces of the generator and
discharge station occur.
In particular, the system must not be operated when there is condensation on the discharge
station as there could be high voltage discharges to ground.
Bear in mind that because of the ozone suction fan, the discharge station is in a condition of
slightly lower pressure than the ambient. It is thus possible that in certain ambient
conditions interior condensation may form earlier, or more abundantly, than outside, or in
other equipment (electronic generator).
2.4 Connecting the machine to the power supply
The size of the protection devices (switch and fuses) in the general power supply panel, and the size
of the power line must match the voltage and the maximum current absorbed by the generator
(see INPUT electrical data plate on the back of the generator housing).
2.5 Recommended precautionary measures to be adopted by the user

Place barriers beside the discharge station to prevent access by unauthorized persons.
N.B. Opening of the barriers while the machine is in operation, must switch off the electronic
generator and stop the rollers.
3 Information on the machine
3.1 Detailed description of the machine and the accessories, guards and/or safety devices
The power supply passes through a high-voltage bushing in Teflon (the high-voltage cable must be
connected to the discharge electrodes inside the station).
The ozone formed by the discharge is sucked away from the discharge station through outlets
positioned on the station itself.
Due to the oxidizing effect of the ozone, stainless steel or plastic piping should be used to connect
the ozone outlet, the ozone suction fan and the exhaust duct (to be installed by the user).
3.2 Purpose of the machine and uses not permitted
The generator is designed exclusively for the corona discharge treatment of plastic film, paper, and
bonded materials, etc.
The treatment of metal film (conductive) or metallized film (on the surface or internally) is
not permitted with this type of discharge station.
3.3 Measuring methods
The concentration of ozone at a distance of one metre from the station must be 0.1 ppm or less.
Use the DRAGER system with ozone test phial OZON 0.05/b.
3.4 Electrical system
Solid-state ELECTRONIC GENERATOR MR\B 40K-IGBT\CU
Electrical characteristics
SUPPLY VOLTAGE 3x460V 60 Hz

MAXIMUM POWER ABSORBED 45 kVA
MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER 40 kW
OPERATING FREQUENCY 20-40 kHz
Main characteristics
Modular construction.
Continuous power control adjustment from zero to maximum power.
High levels of efficiency due to solid state construction.
Automatic adjustment for different load conditions.
High output frequency value (20-25 kHz).
Decentralized peripheral equipment using ET200.
Monitoring of generator work magnitudes and safety devices:
(analogue magnitudes 0-10 V)

Corona discharge current
Effective Vrms voltage on the electrode +
Inverter operating current
Inverter operating voltage
(digital outputs)
Overtemperature of power semiconductor devices
Overcurrent of high-voltage transformer
Indication that main CN1 contacter has closed on generator start-up.
Size of generator housing: 800x1900x610 mm
Generator weight: 470 kg

3.5 GENERATOR OPERATING PRINCIPLES.
From the generator block diagram (see operation and maintenance manual) we can see that it
basically consists of four parts:
- Rectifier
- Chopper
- Inverter
- High voltage transformer
- The rectifier converts alternating current into direct current, the value of which depends on the
Vrms of the line itself.
- The chopper is composed of IGBT Q1, which, together with impedance IMF2, supplies power to
the inverter. The chopper also adjusts and stabilises the output power, limits voltage and current,
and provides rapid protection in the event of accidental overloads.
- The inverter is full-bridge configured ( D4 – D6 Q2 - Q3 ). It is current supplied and coupled on

a resonant circuit consisting of the H.V. transformer primary and the stabilizing capacitance
CVOL1.
The two branches of the bridge are driven to resonance frequency alternately by a 50% duty cycle.
Switching takes place when the resonance voltage passes through zero. As a consequence,
switching losses are dramatically reduced and higher conversion efficiency is obtained.
The zero voltage switching technology (ZVS), used for power conversion, offers many advantages
compared to traditional converters using PWM technology for non-resonant loads.
The main advantages are:
Power dissipation equal to zero in switching transition

Reduced EMI/RF on switching
No high current peaks
Increased efficiency with high input voltages and working frequencies.
Resonant converter wave-forms.
Ch1 Ch1 = voltage driver

Ch2 = inverter supply voltage
Ch3 = resonant converter voltage
Ch2 Ch4 = resonant converter current
-The H.V. transformer isolates the resonant

Ch3 converter from the load and raises the output
voltage sufficiently highly to permit
ionization of the air-gap between electrode
and discharge roller.
While referring to the block diagram, the
Ch4 following is a detailed analysis of generator
operation.
Through switch IN1, mains filter FL1, circuit breaker IA1, and contactor CN1, the line voltage at
terminals L1 L2 L3 is applied to bridge rectifier PD1, which converts the sinusoidal mains current
into direct current.
Through resistances R5 R6 the bridge rectifier output is applied to electrolytic filter condensers C2
C3.
Resistances R5 R6 limit the load voltage and after the delay time imposed by timer TEMP1 (about
2sec.) the resistances are bypassed by contactor CN2. The value of the direct current at the ends of
the electrolytic condensers is approximately 525 Vdc with a mains voltage of 380 Vrms (different
mains voltages will obviously give different Vdc values).
Resistance R15 discharges the electrolytic condensers when contactor CN1 is open. This ensures
the complete discharge of the condensers a few seconds after the generator has been switched OFF,
so allowing any maintenance operations to be carried out immediately. When the electrolytic
condensers have been discharged, led DL1 goes off.
-Chopper
Through fuse F4, Vdc power is applied to the chopper stage. This is composed of IGBT Q1,
diodes D1 D2 D3, and impedance IMF2. The operational frequency is approximately 19kHz.
The function of this stage is to adjust the generator’s output power, to guarantee current and voltage
limitations, and through impedance IMF2 to supply power to the inverter.
Diode D3 (when Q1 does not conduct) circulates power as a consequence of the energy stored in
inductance IMF2 when Q1 was previously positioned to ON.
The chopper’s average output voltage varies in accordance with the generator’s output power up to
a maximum of 400 Vdc.
The Idc and Vdc operational values are detected by two Hall-effect transducers. The Idc detector is
mounted near the chopper output and the Vdc detector is mounted on board B2640 (see relevant
diagram).
The boards that drive the chopper are:
B2136 B2488 and B2487 when Q1 is an intelligent IGBT module ( IPM )

B2136 B2561 when Q1 is not an intelligent IGBT module.
The wave-form of the output voltage downstream from impedance IMF2 is shown in the figure.
1) Ch: 250 V\div 10µsec

-Inverter
The inverter consists of IGBT modules Q2 Q3, diodes D4 D6 , capacitance CVOL1, and the
H.V. transformer.
As described above, the inverter is the resonant type and therefore uses sinusoidal current and
voltage with low switching losses.
The working frequency changes with charge conditions in the 19 kHz ( fully charged ) to 28 kHz
(empty ) range.
As the working frequency depends on charge conditions, the system is governed by a phase-locked
loop (PLL), which keeps the drive impulse frequencies in modules Q2 Q3 perfectly locked-in to the
resonance frequency of the charge.
The inverter drive boards are:
B1765 where the impulse transformers are mounted.

B1378 where the system control electronics are mounted.
B1766 where the PLL feedback transformer is mounted. A signal is also taken from this
transformer for board B2136 (chopper) and is used to limit max. Vrms in the resonant circuit.
Resonant voltage U1 U2 wave-form
1) Ch: 250 V\div 10µsec
- H.V. transformer
The H.V. transformer is an integral part of the inverter and, as described above, the primary
winding with capacitance CVOL1 forms the resonant circuit onto which the inverter is coupled.
Since the electrode discharge surface, the distributed capacitances in the discharge station, the
distributed capacitance in the H.V. cable, the type and thickness of the insulated covering on the
discharge roller, the air-gap and the power supply all influence the inverter’s coupling and working
frequency, in order to better adapt the generator for different charges, 3 sockets are provided on
the transformer secondary. These will permit the best operating conditions to be selected.
At pins 1 3 of the circular connector , Iout (discharge current) and Vout (voltage at discharge
electrode) signals are available.
To obtain the value of Vout, the Vrms measured at pin 3 must be multiplied by the number of H.V.
secondary windings (see relevant plate).
To obtain the value of Iout, the Vrms measured at pin 2 must be divided by the value of resistance
R20 (see components list).
3.6 GENERATOR START-UP
1) Ensure that the voltage supplying terminals L1-L2-L3-PE corresponds to what is indicated on
the plate on the rear of the generator housing.
Connect terminals L+ and M to a 24 VDC supply (ET200M module supply).
Temporary oil plug is mounted on the high-voltage transformer for transport purposes; replace this
with the correct plug and check the oil level.
Remove the guard from the

transformers’ high-voltage output
and connect the high-voltage cable
supplied to the tap n__ on the high-
voltage insulator.
Connect the other end of the high-voltage cable to one of the electrodes in the discharge station or,
if available, to the high-voltage switch in accordance with the diagrams enclosed with the technical
documentation.
H.V. CABLE CONNECTION TO THE ELECTRODE
1 4
2 5
3 6
N.B. CONNECT THE GENERATOR, DISCHARGE STATION AND

DISCHARGE ROLLER TO GROUND.
In the discharge station, adjust the distance between the electrodes and the insulated roller
to 2.5 mm. Check that the electrodes are perfectly axial with the insulated roller (see section 4.2).
Make the connections between the terminal boards of the discharge station generator and the AIR-
GAP control panel, in accordance with the diagrams attached.
Check that all the safety devices between the film production line, the generator and the discharge
station are operating correctly.
In particular check:
that the generators are OFF before the discharge station opens;
that the generators are ON only if the discharge roller is turning and the ozone suction fan is in
operation;
that the FILM BREAK detectors are operating correctly and that the discharge station opens
immediately as soon as they come into operation;
that the emergency safety devices (protective gates, etc) are operational;
that the generator cuts out when the electrode is not in the operating position.
On completion of the above checks, the generator can be started up.
Position the MAIN SWITCH on the generator housing to ON.
N.B. It is inadvisable to operate the generators at maximum power during system warm-up (after
the first start up or after the line has been shut down for a long time), to avoid the risk of high-
voltage discharges towards ground due to humidity or to the formation of condensation.
Before starting-up the generators, the inside of the discharge stations must be checked and all work
process dirt and residue removed, particularly from the ceramic insulators and from all parts
exposed to high voltage.
Position the generators to ON.

Check the film treatment level and adjust the generator power accordingly to obtain the treatment
required.
3.7 Repairs and maintenance
ALARM SIGNALS POSSIBLE CAUSES REMEDY
Phase fault Incorrect power supply to Check :

generator - That main switch IN1 and circuit
breaker IA1 are ON
- The presence and correct value of
rms at terminals L1-L2-L3.
Main supply fault No supply from AL1 to Check:

generator control boards - the 110 Vrms supply
- fuses F2-F3
- the + - 15 Vdc output voltage
- Replace supply unit.
Main contactor CN1-CN2 Contactors CN1 - CN2 are Check:
OFF not energized. - that led D17 on board B2643 is lit
- timer TEMP1.
Vdc fault No supply reaching Check:
generator chopper stage. - fuse F4. If fuse F4 is blown, check
the state of Q1 - Q2 – Q3 - Q4 - D3 -
D4 - D5 - D6 - D7
Heatsink over temperature Activation of thermal Check:
protection on IGBT - operation of relevant cooling fans.
heatsinks. - fuse F1
Over Temperature from Activation of thermal Check:

chopper module IGBT protection within chopper - Operation of relevant cooling fan
(IPM). module IGBT (IPM). - fuse F1
- Press reset to reposition generator to
ON
Over current Generator overload Press reset and reposition generator to
ON. If the over current signal
persists, check:
- power modules Q2 - Q3 – Q4 – D3 -
D4 - D5 – D6 - D7
- stabilizing capacitance CVOL1
- H.V. transformer TR2
- feedback transformer TRVOL1
mounted on board B1766
- replace inverter control module
(board B1378)
- replace chopper control module
(board B2136)
Over current from chopper Activation of one of the OC Press reset and reposition generator to
module IGBT (IPM) – SC - UV protections inside ON. If the over current signal persists,
module IGBT. check:
OC - Over Current - power modules Q2 - Q3 – Q4 – D3-
SC - Short Circuit D4 – D41 - D6 – D61
UV - Under Voltage lock-out - stabilizing capacitance CVOL1 -
H.V. transformer TR2.
- feedback transformer TRVOL1
mounted on board B1766
- replace inverter control module
(board B1378)
- replace chopper control module
(board B2136)
- check chopper drive (board B2488 –
B2487, see relevant testing procedure)
H.V. short circuit Short circuit at high voltage Check:
output - insulated coating on discharge roller
- that there are no discharges between
electrode and ground in the discharge
station
- the H.V. cable
- the H.V. insulators mounted in the
discharge station at the H.V.
transformer output and on the H.V.
cable
Vdc fault The chopper stage Check:
inoperative - IGBT Q1
- The correct operation of control
modules B2488 - B2487 - B2136 (see
relevant testing procedure)
Inverter fault No power from inverter Check:
stage - power modules Q2 - Q3 - D4 - D5 -
D6 - D7
- the correct operation of control
modules B1378 - B1765 (see relevant
testing procedure)
- the H.V. transformer (TR2)
4 Operating the machine and description of manual controls
4.1 Discharge station . Start-up and adjustments
* The discharge station requires AIR GAP adjustment (the air space between the electrode and the
silicone-rubber insulated roller) where the corona discharge takes place.
* The shape of the electrode permits discharges over a number of lines according to the discharge
roller drives.
All points of the electrode must be 2,5 mm from the discharge roller. To make adjustments, use
the special screws provided for the purpose (see following sections).
1 2
(1) single, 7 mm dia electrode element in stainless steel

(2) electrode guide
The electrode consists of 15 elements (1) supported by guides (2).

Cross section discharge station

DESCRIPTION OF DISCHARGE STATION
The discharge station is designed to take a maximum of 2 stainless steel electrodes (1), supported
by a system of aluminium tubes (2), and resin insulators (3).
1 3 2
When the discharge station is in the closed position and the electrode is correctly adjusted (2.5 mm
from the insulated roller), any excess plastic film which strikes the electrode will pass through
without breaking or damaging the insulated roller’s silicone coating. This is because the electrode is
free to roll from the work position to the “open” safety position.
To allow the passage of the film, the discharge station panels at film entrance and exit points, the
electrodes, and a moveable window on the operator’s side can all be opened.
The piston (one for each electrode) for electrode rotation to the open position, are situated at the
middle of the electrode.
The pistons are activated by means of intakes on the compressed air distributors situated on the
station’s framework.
Distributor No. 1 supplies the pistons to open the electrodes.
To open the electrodes correctly, proceed as follows:

1. Introduce air into intake 1B for the time required to open all the electrodes.
During installation and maintenance, check the electrodes for correct movement.
2. Introduce and maintain air in intake 1A for piston repositioning (normal work condition).
Distributor No. 2 supplies the pistons for opening and closing the film entrance and exit panels and
the moveable window.
1. Introduce and maintain air in intake 2A for the entire time they are open (film passage condition
or check condition).
2. Introduce and maintain air in intake 2B to close the panels (normal work condition).
To allow film passage, open and close the electrodes and the panels by following each step of the
procedures given above.
7 6
5
4 4
(1) Piston for opening electrode (film

passage).
(2) Terminal connection of reduction gear
for AIR-GAP manual regulation.
(3) Reduction gear.
(4) Piston for opening window (7)
(5) Hinged film entrance panel (this
can be opened by the pneumatic
pistons for film passage)
(6) Hinged film exit panel (this can
be opened by the pneumatic pistons
for film passage).
1
(7) Moveable window for film
passage (operator’s side).
(8) Teflon High-voltage insulator .
3 The electrode and tube unit can be brought

closer to the insulated roller or moved further
away from it by a system made up of angular
2
reducers with screw and feed nut (manual AIR
GAP control).
8
POSITIONING DISCHARGE STATION BSH2 AND ADJUSTING THE AIR GAP.
Position the hood on the insulated roller at a distance of 80 mm between the operator’s side and the
rubber coating, and at a distance of 8 mm between the transmission side and the rubber coating.
See drawings below.
Of course a very great importance must be given to the placement of the hood in respect to the roll.
As you can see (drawing n.8) there must be a final gap of 8 mm (± 1) between the roll and the
plexiglass window on the operator side and a gap of 80 mm (± 1) between the aluminium side of the
hood and the roll on the transmission side. It is useful to high light that a bigger error than ± 1 mm
could cause serious problems when doing the fine adjustment inside the hood.
m
80mm 80m
PLACE THE STATION AT 80mm

FROM THE COVER OF THE ROLLER
PLACE THE STATION AT 8mm

FROM THE COVER OF THE ROLLER
N.B.! To avoid problems with electrode alignment and adjustment of the AIR GAP, the
hood/cover MUST be precisely positioned on the rubber-coated roller.
The electrodes are preset, but require fine adjusting after positioning the station on the roller.
All points of the electrode must be 2.5 mm from the insulated roller.
Each electrode has three adjustments for three different axes distributed along the length of the
electrode itself.
Alignment of the electrode
6 1 5 4 7 2 5 1
2 3
(1)Locking screw support lever
(2)Resin insulator
(3)Support (from the reducer)
(4)Metal ring for spring (7) adjustment
(5)Support lever
(6)Tube
(7)Spring
The electrode is held in position by the support (5) which is solidly attached to the tube (6).
Each tube is connected to the next by means of a steel rod and the insulators (2).
To carry out electrode alignment, the screws (1) must be slackened and the electrode itself rotated
slightly.
N.B. Use this regulation only to put the electrode parallel to the roll surface (equal gap from
all point of the electrode to the roll) then ,by using the reducers ,draw the electrode near to
the roll.
The internal springs (7) balance the weight of the electrode and must be adjusted differently
according to the position of the discharge station (high or low). If one or more springs are not used
for balancing, it is advisable to slacken the metal ring (4) (with grub screw slackened).
ATTENTION!! Keep hold the metal ring before slacken the three screws on the metal ring.
Adjustment of overall rotation of the electrode on the support tube axis.
1 2 3
(1)Fine adjustment screw for electrode overall rotation.
(2)Support
(3)Head piston for opening electrode (film passage)
Electrode rotation can be finely adjusted by means of the appropriate screw (one for each
electrode).
Attention!! Before adjusting the overall rotation, remove the inductive sensor (After the
overall rotation adjustment replace and adjust the inductive sensor)
2
3 1
4
6 5
(1)-(5)Seat.
(2)Fine adjustment screw for electrode overall rotation.
(3)Electrode in working position.
(4)Shock absorber.
(6)Electrode in open position.
A shock absorber (4) dampens the impact caused by the electrode rotation adjustment lever when
the piston brings the electrode back to the work position.
When the electrode is in the work position, ensure that the end-of-travel shock absorbers is
completely compressed.
1 2 3 4 5 6
(1)Rotatig lever
(2)Sensor gap adjustment ring.
(3)Inductive sensor head.
(4) Inductive sensor locking screw.
(5) Inductive sensor for electrode positioning (working position ON).
(6) Light red lit = working position.
An inductive sensor (one for each electrode) indicates when the electrode is in the working position
(logic -1- = correct working position –light 6 lit).
The ring (2) must be adjusted such that slight rotation of the electrode (a 1 to 2 mm movement of
the metal part near the sensor) will bring the sensor outlet to logic -0-.
When the electrode is not in the working position, ensure that the electronic generators cannot be
started up.
N.B When an electrode is forced by external agents (movement of a clot of plastic etc.) out its
working position (inductive sensor level –0-), the start-up command must immediately be given to
all pistons of electrodes and input\output boards in order to avoid damage.
The shut-down command to pistons must be given after a careful check of the discharge station and
on removal of the cause of the displacement of the electrode.
Radial adjustment of the electrode (AIR GAP)
The adjustment of the distance on the radial axis (AIR GAP) of the roller must be carried out
manually by individually rotating each angular reduction gear.
Manually rotate the reduction gear, moving the electrode closer to or further away from the roller in
order to adjust the AIR GAP to 2.5 mm.
1
m
55m
2
3
The measuring field is approximately 55 mm between the plane of the metal sheet (3) and the upper
part of the piece (2 ).
The minimum measurement is 40 mm and the maximum 70 mm.

If, on completion of the adjustments, one or more reduction gears are outwith these measurements
it means that either the measurements for positioning the discharge station on the roller have not
been respected, or that electrode rotation is incorrect.
In the latter case, the AIR GAP measurement will be different between the ends of the electrode and
the insulated roller.
Remedy: correct discharge station position or electrode rotation and repeat the radial adjustment.
Fine electrode adjustment on the insulated roller.
1 2 3
4
5
(1) electrode carrier bar support

(2) fine adjustment screw (screw with eccentric +2mm –2mm 1\2 turn)
(3) stop screw
(4) support tube
(5) support lever
The electrode carrier bar support (1) is supplied of two fine adjustment screw (2) (one for side).
By rotating the screw (2) (screw supply of the oddball) it is possible to set the air-gap of the
electrode for each support lever (5).
Air gap adjustment procedure
All the following procedure must be carried out only after the correct positioning of the hood
on the insulated roll (see page 21)
The first thing to do is bringing down the whole electrode close to the surface of the pull roll, say
for example 3 mm through the handwheels on the reduction gears reg..
The second step is to go in the middle of the station where the electrode overall rotation adjustment
is.
Then through the use of a thickness gauge, check the air gap in the middle on the entrance side, and
on the exit side. If you find a difference, adjust the overall rotation to lower this difference. From
now on alternatively work on reduction gear and overall rotation until you reach the same value on
both sides (exit and entrance) and the desired air gap (2.5 mm).
From the middle start to move in one direction (no matter which one). Go on the following
reduction gear. Measure through the thickness gauge the air gap on both sides (entrance and exit). If
you find a difference, adjust the aligment of the electrode rotated slightly the support lever (5) (see
page 22).
At the end of these opertation the air gap should be near 2,5mm, eventually other little difference
may be set by the fine electrode adjustment screws (screw with eccentric) (see page 27).
Now see page 25 for the inductive sensor adjustment

4.2 Stopping procedures
• The generator has a main power switch which also acts as an emergency switch.
•
The main switch can be locked in the OFF position (by means of a padlock)
when maintenance is being carried out on the inside of the discharge station.
N.B. The main power switch will also cut off supply to the generator’s power and control
circuits, and will thus also deny high voltage to the electrodes in the discharge station.
5.2 System maintenance
To ensure that the system operates efficiently, it is essential that overall cleaning of the discharge
station is carried out regularly. Plastic waste material and the accumulation of dirt on the inside
must be removed. In particular, the high-voltage insulators must be kept perfectly clean (with non-
flammable solvents), as well as the discharge electrodes (with copper wire brushes and solvents),
the high-voltage connections, and the silicon-rubber coated roller.
The following must be carried out on the generator:
- check the oil level in the high-voltage transformer;

- check the operation of the cooling fans;
- clean or replace the air filters.
6 Instructions and warnings
6.1 General safety regulations
ANY MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR WORK INSIDE THE ELECTRONIC

GENERATOR AND THE DISCHARGE STATION MUST ONLY BE
CARRIED OUT BY AUTHORIZED TECHNICAL PERSONNEL.
BEFORE MAKING ANY ADJUSTMENTS OR CARRYING OUT ANY

MAINTENANCE WORK ON THE DISCHARGE STATION, ENSURE THAT
THE MACHINE IS COMPLETELY STOPPED AND THAT ANY PARTS
(PRESSURE ROLLERS, ETC) WHICH ARE LIKELY TO MOVE BY
MEANS OF THE PNEUMATIC OR ELECTRIC ACTUATORS, ARE
LOCKED IN A SAFE POSITION.
NB:
BEFORE WORKING ON ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL
EQUIPMENT, ENSURE THAT THE MAINS POWER SUPPLY HAS BEEN
SWITCHED OFF.
If repairs have to be made to the generator, bear the following in mind:
* The power parts ( voltage regulator, inverter, and high-voltage transformer primary) are
subjected to voltages as high as 800 volts.
* Between the high-voltage transformer output and the discharge electrodes,

the maximum voltage could be greater than 15 kV 20 kHz. Depending on
ambient humidity levels, therefore, the discharge spark could travel up to 3-4
cm.
Because of the capacitive effect, there could be undesired electrical currents near the discharge
electrodes and the parts subject to high voltage. It is important, therefore, to check and monitor the
GROUND connections in all the panels, doors and screens of the parts subject to high voltage.
If the high-voltage transformer has to be replaced, bear in mind that it contains about 15 litres of
transformer insulating oil which must be handed over to a company authorized to take care of its
disposal or recycling.
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
VENT1 VENT2 VENT3

CARATT.IMFT INVERTER
VENT4 14 13 14 13 14 13
3213 B3504
COND1 14 13 CARATT.IMF1-IMF2
IA2 B3505
3912 R2
P1
T1 T4 C4 +4
25
R1
S1 S4 C6 C10
CARATT.TRASF.
D4
24 D1
R1 R4
C15 R22 R9
C E
TC5
50 CN2 R20
3211
D 51 D
LA-125 IMF2 C11
F4 D2 C E
PD1 +2 +3 B3503\1 B3503\2
+A +C +1 2 3
Q1 +6
+5
JP
1
B2488 TI
CN1 3193 R14 C1 C1 130584
1 B1765
JP1 2 Q2 MC-INV1
2
R23 3 CF1 CF1A Q3
4
FL1 8 G1 1 1 G1
IN1 5 DZ1 A1
RL1 C17
3
IA1 IMF1 2488 9 E1 E1
R5 RF1 RF1A A2
L1 L1 L1' R R1 R2 R3 C5 11-Q2
+B DZ2 A3
C2E1 C2E1 10-Q2
D3 A4
R1 R21 R6 DZ3
L2 L2 L2' S S1 S2 S3 R7
2
RSC1 R15 C1 DZ4
RSC3 RSC5 RSC7 TC1 CF2 CF2A
S1 11 G2 1 1 G1 A5
3
L3 L3 L3' T T1 T2 T3 7 ALIM. 10 E2 E1
DZ5 A6
JP2 RF2 RF2A
E C2 C2A C2B E2 E2 8-Q2
DL1 -2 A7
T1 TERM1 D9 9-Q2
C18 -1 A8
LED TERM2 Q4 JP17
RSC4 RSC6 RSC8
SOTTO TENSIONE BS1
ENERGIZED CF1 9 TC2 TC3 TERM3
JP1
C F3 C3 C3A C3B CN1 12 10 R13 C
C9 D6 C14 TERM4
2487
2AT 6x32mm 13 13 R27
RSC2 14
2AT 5x20mm RF1 R12 R18

F1 - 3419
11 220 14 NEON
460V B3506
VOLC[4CNVOL] C[3JPSBC] TR-VOL

TR1
2AT 5x20mm 220VAC
F2 MAX 220W M[2CNVOL] M[2JPSBC]
110 12 JPSBC 1[JPVOL1] U2
13 VOLI[1CNVOL] I[1JPSBC]
JPVOL1 3[JPVOL1] U1 U1 U2
TEMP1 IA3 136-600
CN1
LP1 CVOL1
16 19 14 1766
LINE
15
RL1
CN2 RL1 V.OUT IMFT
SB-IGBT-ET200 B2640
21
20 17 18 JP1 GROUND I.OUT
LP2
VENT5
GEN.ON RC1 JP-LEM1
RC2 14 13 2 3 1
JP2
S1
13 TEMP1 CN2 BS1 CN1 CNVOL1
TR2
2136 MC-CHOPP1 USCITA A.T.
11 F3 T1
CN1 CN3
2960
B B
14 R26
13 13 1378 MC-INVERT1 ELETTRODO
13 13 CN2 CN4
3418 1[JP4] +VCC +1 13 13
13 13 GROUND
4[JP4] -VCC -
13 JP4
6[JP4] +VDC +4 TC4
RULLO
12 F2 110 1JP3 4JP3

INTERF. ET200 3[JP1]VOUT 3
12 12 25P 25P CONNECTIONS
U8 U11 2[JP1]GND 2
12 12 JP1 51 52
CN2 1[JP1]IOUT 1
12 24[5JP3] 24
(SEGNALE DI RITORNO
25[6JP3] 25 PER ON GENERATORE)
14 F1 220 [1JP3] 50 RA1 CA1

JP3
14 14 [4JP3] 52
25P 4360
14 14 ALL' ALIMENTATORE TEST
1[JP-ALIM] +15V U12 SYSTEM ET200M CONNECTIONS
14
2[JP-ALIM] M
R2 R2 JP-ALIM JP2
3[JP-ALIM] -15V
S2 S2 JP3
T2 T2
AL1
C16 1[JP4] R2
A 4173 A
8 220V 14 3[JP4] S2
7 13
L3 100\120ohm 5[JP4] T2
ALIMENTARE CON SU R30 6 -15V -15V
L2 SUPPLY WITH JP4 8[JP4] (AL1) 12
3x460V 60Hz 4 0V 0 ME.RO S.r.l PONTE A MORIANO LUCCA ITALY
L1 2643 10[JP4] (ONG2) 21
MAX.POWER INPUT 1 +15V +15V 55029-VIA BALESTRERI N.430
PE MASSIMO ASSORBIMENTO 52KVA TEL.0583-406060
3416 FAX.0583-406050
Title
GENERATORE MR\B 40K-IGBT-CU
SOTTO TENSIONE Size Document Number R ev

ENERGIZED C 4359 COM.1375-BMX BRUCKNER C.2404\03
Date: Wednesday, February 04, 2004 Sheet 1 of 1

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
BRUECKNER
ET-100\T72 BRUECKNER SUPPLIED
CNB ST.1
CNB ST.1
ELECTRIC CONNECTION STATION N.2 STATION N.3
PULLROLL
ELECTRIC CONNECTION
DISCHARGE STATION N.1
BRUECKNER SUPPLIED
TO CNB-ST2 ELECTRODE INDUCTIVE SENSOR
TO CNB-ST3
BRUECKNER SUPPLIED
D D
INDUCTIVE SENSOR
BRUECKNER SUPPLIED BRUECKNER SUPPLIED ROLL
BRUECKNER SUPPLIED H.V. CABLE
ME.RO SUPPLIED
H.V. CABLE H.V. CABLE H.V. CABLE H.V. CABLE H.V. CABLE H.V. CABLE H.V. CABLE
ME.RO SUPPLIED ME.RO SUPPLIED ME.RO SUPPLIED ME.RO SUPPLIED ME.RO SUPPLIED ME.RO SUPPLIED ME.RO SUPPLIED
GENERATOR GENERATOR GENERATOR GENERATOR GENERATOR GENERATOR GENERATOR

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
C C
[BMS] [BMS] [BMS] [BMS] [BMS] [BMS]

SERIAL-OUTPUT SERIAL-OUTPUT SERIAL-OUTPUT SERIAL-OUTPUT SERIAL-OUTPUT SERIAL-OUTPUT SERIAL-OUTPUT
L1 L2 L3 L+ M L1 L2 L3 L+ M L1 L2 L3 L+ M L1 L2 L3 L+ M L1 L2 L3 L+ M L1 L2 L3 L+ M L1 L2 L3 L+ M
3x460+PE 24VDC 3x460+PE 24VDC 3x460+PE 24VDC 3x460+PE 24VDC 3x460+PE 24VDC 3x460+PE 24VDC 3x460+PE 24VDC
4x16mm2 BMS (ET200) 4x16mm2 BMS (ET200) 4x16mm2 BMS (ET200) 4x16mm2 BMS (ET200) 4x16mm2 BMS (ET200) 4x16mm2 BMS (ET200) 4x16mm2 BMS (ET200)
ONE CONNECTOR FOR EACH STATION
CNB-ST1
CN1
+24VDC +24 1 24V (BROWN) OMRON
B SUPPLY FOR TL-X5MB1-GE B
INDUCTIVE SENSOR +24 2 OUTPUT (BLACK) N.1 INDUCTIVE SENSOR
SUPPLY FOR ON THE ELECTRODE N.1
INDUCTIVE SENSOR TLX1R5B1-GE 0VDC 0 3 0V (BLUE)
OMRON PNP
0
CN2
1 1 24V (BROWN) OMRON
ELECTRODE N.1 TL-X5MB1-GE
INDUCTIVE SENSOR OUTPUT 2 2 OUTPUT (BLACK) N.2 INDUCTIVE SENSOR
-1- LOGIC WHEN THE ELECTRODE ELECTRODE N.2 ON THE ELECTRODE N.2
IS IN WORKING POSITION 3 0V (BLUE)
A A
ME.RO S.r.l. PONTE A MORIANO LUCCA ITALY
Title
GENERAL DIAGRAM CONNECTION ME.RO BRUECKNER
Size Document Number R ev

C 4360\A3

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
SERIAL OUTPUT CONNECTED TO BMS

A830 HELMHOLZ HELMHOLZ HELMHOLZ HELMHOLZ
DIGITAL RELAY ANALOG ANALOG
SIMATIC
INPUT OUTPUT INPUT OUTPUT
ET200M DEA 321-16DI\DC24V DEA 322-8RO\DC24V AEA 331-8AI\O-10V AEA 4AO\4x0-10V\
700-3211BH02 AC230V\5A 700-331-0V010 \4x4-20mA
6ES7 153-1AA03-0XB0 700-322-1HF20 700-322-5HD01
STUCK 700-392-1AJ00 STUCK 700-392-1AM00 STUCK 700-392-1AJ00 STUCK 700-392-1AJ00
SINELEC L2 L+ 1 L+ 1 21 L+ 1 L+ 1
6ES7972-0BA20-0XA0 10 2 2 22 8 2 2
D 11 3 3 3 23 0 3 4 3 D
12 4 4 24 7 4 4
9 5 2 5 25 0 5 0 5
13 6 6 26 6 6 0 6
14 7 1 7 27 0 7 7
15 8 8 28 5 8 8
16 9 0 9 29 0 9 9
10 10 30 10 10 6ES7 392-1AJ00-0AA0
TERMINAL x 4 P
6ES7 390-1BC00-0AA0 11 11 31 11 11
17 12 12 32 12 12
18 13 13 33 13 13
14 14 34 14 14
15 15 35 15 15
16 16 36 16 16
L+ 17 17 37 17 17
L+ 18 18 38 18 18
0 19 19 39 19 19
0 20 0 20 40 0 20 0 20
INTER. B2643
JP2
L+ +24VDC
0 1
2
1 R 3 RESET
2 R 4 ON+
3 R 5 ON
4 R 6 REGP
7
C C
5 R 8 OUTIDC
6 R 9 OUTVDC
7 R 10 OUTV
8 R 11 OUTI
12
JP3
9 R C N1
10 R 1 OUTFASI
11 R 2 OVERTEMP
12 R 3 OVERCURR
13 R 4 ONSTART
14 R 5 IGBT18
15 R 6 IGBT10
16 R 7 SHORTAT
17 R 8 OUTVCC
18 R 9 OUT15VDC
10
11
12
DIGITAL INPUT
50.0 MAIN LINE PHASES PRESENCE ( 1 LOGIC WHEN THERE ARE ALL LINE PHASES).
50.1 OVERTEMPERATURE FROM THE HEATSINK OF THE POWER CIRCUITS ( 1 LOGIC WHEN THERE IS OVERTEMPERATURE ).
B B
50.2 OVERCURRENT ( ABSORBED FROM THE INVERTER ) ( 1 LOGIC WHEN THERE IS OVERCURRENT ).
50.3 CONTACT ON THE CN1 MAIN CONTACTOR ( 1 LOGIC WHEN THE CONTACTOR CN1 IS CLOSED ).
50.4 START SIGNAL FROM THE MAIN CONTROL BOARD ( 1 = THE START SIGNAL IS PRESENT ON INPUT OF THE MAIN CONTROL BOARD)
50.5 SIGNAL OF OVERCURRENT FROM THE MODULE IGBT OF THE CHOPPER ( 1 = OVERCURRENT )
50.6 SIGNAL OF OVERTEMPERATURE FROM THE MODULE IGBT OF THE CHOPPER ( 1 = OVERTEMPERATURE )
50.7 OVERCURRENT ( FOR SHORT CIRCUIT OR A.T.DISCHARGE ON THE DISCHARGE ELECTRODE) ( 1 = SHORT CIRCUIT OR A.T.DISCHARGE )
51.0 PRESENCE OF CONTINUOS VOLTAGE ON THE CHOPPER ( 1 = THE MAIN FUSE AND THE DEVICE AFTER THE FUSE ARE OK )
51.1 PRESENCE OF VOLTAGE FROM THE MAIN SUPPLY OF ALL CIRCUIT BOARDS ( 1 = OK )
RELAY OUTPUT
52.0 CONTACT CLOSED: TURN ON THE GENERATOR, CONTACT OPEN: TURN OFF THE GENERATOR.
52.2 CONTACT CLOSED = RESET ALL THE DEVICES AFTER FAULT
ANALOG INPUT
53.0 I.OUT 0-10V (10V = 15AMP. I.OUT).
A 53.1 V.OUT 0-10V (10V = 15KV V.OUT). A
53.2 V.DC 0-10V ( 10V = 120A )
53.3 I.DC 0-10V (10V = 450V VDC).

ANALOG OUTPUT L+
54.0 GENERATOR POWER ADJUSTMENT, 0V MINIMUM POWER 10V MAXIMUM POWER.

L+ Title
SUPPLY WITH 24 VDC BRUCKNER CPU INTERFACE
0
( SIMATIC S5-100U )
M C 4173\A3

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
D D
M1 M4
M2 M3
TRVOL1
14
13
8
VOLC 7
C RXC C
5x20mm 2,5A
FRS
390ohm 4W 1
JPSCB
1
9 JPVOL
2
3 3
VOLI 2
HEADER 3 10 1
CNN3
RXI HEADER 3
6 CNN3
390ohm 4W
B
12 B
RM14
16
15
RM14
130600
ME.RO S.r.l PONTE A MORIANO LUCCA ITALY
55029-VIA BALESTRERI N.430

TEL.0583-406060
A FAX.0583-406050 A
Title
REAZIONE PER SCHEDA CHOPPER E INVERTER

A 1766\A4

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
4,7ohm 2W
U42 2\\15ohm 2W
10
TR5
9
M1 R174 R174A
5 A1
390ohm 2W
D76 R174B DZ1
D
M2 DZ2 D
1
IR31DF
U45
RV45
6 A2
4,7ohm 2W
R178 2\\15ohm 2W
7 A3
R178A 390ohm 2W
U44 2 D75 DZ3
R178B DZ4
US1 IR31DF
JP17 8 A4
US2
1 2 US3
C C
3 4
3
4
US4 TERM3
TERM4 5 6 130584-TC130-608 SIRIO
7 8 VOL1
9 10
11 12 VOL2
13 14
U43 4,7ohm 2W 2\\15ohm 2W
10
TR6
9
R180 R180A
5 A5
390ohm 2W
D82 DZ5
R180B DZ6
1
IR31DF
U46
B B
6 A6
4,7ohm 2W 2\\15ohm 2W
R184 R184A
7 A7
U47 390ohm 2W
2 D81 DZ7
R184B DZ8
IR31DF
TERM3 TERM4 8
A8
3
4
130584-TC130-608 SIRIO
A A
TERM3 TERM4 Title

MODULO PILOTAGGIO INVERTER

A 3419\A4

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
CAUX*
1nF
PIN1
U1
D
6 1 D
5
C2 C3
CAUX*1 10uF 1uF PIN5
4 2
1uF 4N27
PIN2
JP1
C1 R3
1 2 150pF C4
3 4 1K 1uF PIN3
5 6
7 8
8
R1
9 10
11 12 2
13 14 470
C PIN4 C
15 16 R2 U2
17 18 7
19 20 470
3
HCPL2300
6
B B
P1 P2 P3 P4

TEL.0583-406060
A FAX.0583-406050 A
Title
ACCOPP. OTTICI PILOTAGGIO IGBT PM400HSA120

A 2488\A3

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
TP1 TP2
JP1 JP2
OUT1
D 1 2 MASSA 1 2 D
3 4 3 4
5 6 5 6
7 8 110V 7 8
9 10 9 10
11 12 110 11 12
13 14 13 14
15 16
17 18
19 20
C C
TERM1 TERM2
5x20mm 500mA
F1 T1
PD1
4 5
4
U1
0,1uF 630V L78S15
R1 C1 3 6 3 1 1 3 R2
2 7 1,5K
100ohm 3W
C3 C2 LED 3mm VERDE
2
2
1 8 D1
C5 C4 0,1uF
B 0,1uF POL B
1000uF 470uF
TR188215
P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6

TEL.0583-406060
A FAX.0583-406050 A
Title
2487 ALIMENTATORE PER IGBT MITSUBISHI

A 2487\A3

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
220K
JP4 VDD D17 1N4148 +VDC
R27 R26 R25 R46
+VCC CNVOL1
1 VOLC -VCC
2 22K 3W 22K 3W 22K 3W 4 VDD VDD
3 -VCC 3
D19 R48 R41 D13
4 2 STOP
R22 R23 R24 3 4
5 +VDC 1
6 C20
DL4 R37 100 U12B 1K 1N4148
15K 3W 15K 3W 15K 3W 1N4148
5
VOLI CNN4 4,7K 1uF 4584 JP-LEM1
VDD U4C R36 -HT +HT U1
VDD LV25P 3
8 2
10 C17 VDD LV 25-P
VDD 1K 1
R29 9
3
C7 R28 +VCC 0,1uF M + - HEADER 3
0,1uF 2,2K R40 4011 D11 CNN3
D9 1K TRIM3
3
2,2K 2 -15
D12 10K +15
3
1K A U4D U9 12V IDC
D D
4
D7 R39 12 LM311 C1
TRIM2
1
1 2 1N4148 11 R35 1 - 3 V DC C11 0,1uF
1K 47K TP3
U6F BC337 13 7 TP1
10K R33 R44 R43 R1 0,1uF
6 + 2
D8 D15 4011 1K R34
12 13 4 Q4 C16 5 1K R30
1
1N4148 R38 1K VDD C32 100ohm\\120ohm
2,2nF
8
C6 1N4148 56nF R42 R49 200
-VCC 100K 4,7K 47K
4584 2
U7
22uF C14
H11L1
TP4
5
VDD VDD VDD 0,1uF
CN1 C15 D20 VDD

-15 +15 DL3 R15 VOUT
17 2C 2A 1 0,1uF
18 2 4,7K C18
4C 4A STOP
19 3 U4A R12 BA159 U12A
6C 6A RESET 10uF
20 4 1 D21
START 8C 8A TEMP RESET
21 5 3 C21 1 2
FLUSS 10C 10A UTEMP 1K
22 12C 12A 6 2
UFLUSS 23 7 URES 0,1uF
USTART 14C 14A R14 D14 R45
24 8 4011 D5 4584
16C 16A V DC
25 9 2,2K 100K 1N4148
18C 18A IDC
26 10 D6 1N4148
VOLC 20C 20A REGP A
27 11 U4B U3 12V 1K
22C 22A
4
28 12 R13 5 LM311 D22
VCH 24C 24A OUT1 R9 R32 IOUT
29 13 1N4148 4 R11 1 - 3
26C 26A
30 28C 28A 14 BC337 6 7 1K
10K R21 C13
31 30C 30A 15 6 + 2 1N4148
A 4011 1K R10 22K
32 32C 32A 16 Q3 C12 5 1nF
D16 1K VDD
2,2nF R31
8
VDD
VDD 100K
1N4148
C3
CN2
3
-15 17 1 +15 C10 0,1uF
2C 2A
18 4C 4A 2 0,1uF
PONT1 TRIM1
C 19 6C 6A 3 2 C
20 4 U INV 10K
8C 8A
21 5 JP1
10C 10A 0ohm OUT1
22 12C 12A 6 1 2
1
VOLI 23 7
14C 14A 3 4
24 16C 16A 8 5 6
25 18C 18A 9 7 8
US1 26 10 110V
20C 20A 9 10
27 22C 22A 11 11 12
US2 28 12 110
24C 24A 13 14
29 26C 26A 13
US3 30 14
28C 28A VDD
31 30C 30A 15
US4 32 16 D4
32C 32A VDD
US1 1N4148
D23 R20
4,7K
JP2 DL1 R8
R51 US2 1K
STOP R53 1 2 US3
1 2 3 4 5 6 U2A R2 D2
US4 3 4 A RESET
C33 5 6 1
U10A 100K U10B 10K U10C
7 8 3 C2
4584 1uF 4584 4584 1K 1N4148
9 10 2
VDD 0,1uF
11 12 R5
D25 4011
13 14
2,2K
R50 D24 D1
2,2K U2B
JP3 R4 5
R52 1N4148 4 R19
6 FLUSS
9 8 11 10 13 12 5 BC337 6
10K
100K C34 4 Q1 4,7K
U10D U10E U10F 4011 C5
1uF 3
4584 4584 4584 220pF
2 TEMP
U6E 1 VDD VDD
10 11 HEADER 6 TP2
B B
CN6 VDD
4584 C9
0,1uF R18
100K
DL2
USTART
VDD U2C R3
C22 8
U6D 0,1uF 10 C19 JP-ALIM
C8 1K +15
9 1
8 9 URES 0,1uF 0,1uF VDD
C25 R6 -15 2
4011
3
U6C 0,1uF 2,2K
4584 D3 HEADER 3
6 5 UTEMP U2D R17 C29 CNN3
R7 12 10K C28
U6B U6A C23 1N4148 11 R16 100uF 0,1uF
4584 0,1uF BC337 13
UFLUSS 10K
4 3 2 1 Q2 C4
4011 150K
C24 1uF
4584 U5 4584 0,1uF
1 INP1 OUT1 18
+12V
2 INP2 OUT2 17
VDD LM7812
3 INP3 OUT3 16
VCC U11
4 INP4 OUT4 15
3 1
5 14 R47
INP5 OUT5
6 INP6 OUT6 13
4,7K
2
7 12 C30 C27 C31 C26
INP7 OUT7 D18 100uF 100uF
0,1uF 0,1uF
A 8 INP8 OUT8 11 A
+24VDC 9 10 U8 VSS
V+ M 1N4148 +15
-15 1 2 USTART
D10
START 3 4 STOP
TD62784AP
RESET 5 6 URES
DA1 DA2 DA3 DA4 DA5 DA6 DA7 DA8 FLUSS 7 8 UFLUSS
C N1 9 10 REGP
TEMP 11 12 OVERTEMP ME.RO S.r.l. PONTE A MORIANO LUCCA ITALY
1N4148 13 14
UTEMP OVERCURR
V DC 15 16 ONSTART
IDC 17 18 IGBT18 Title
+24VDC 19 20 IGBT10 SB-IGBT-ET200 PER MR\B 45K-IGBT
VOUT 21 22 SHORTAT
IOUT 23 24 Size Document Number R ev
25 26 C 3416\A3

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
R39
4,7K
C12 C13 R1 D1 D6
JP2
JP4 +24VDC
D17 D18 1
C11 C10 R2 D2 D5
1 2
4007 R40
2 +15V RESET 3
3 47 1W 4
C8 C9 R3 D3 D4 ON+
4 DAUX1 DAUX2 RL1 ON 5
5 1 5 6
4007 4007 12V REGP
6 7
7 AL1 DAUX3 OUTIDC 8
8 R43 R41 R42 OUTVDC 9
4007 2
9 ONG2 ONG2 OUTV 10
D 10 3 11 D
AL1 4 OUTI
12
HEADER 10
1
CN10
U3 U4 U5
JP3
+15V C N1
H11L1 H11L1 H11L1 1
OUTFASI
OVERTEMP 2
5 6 5 6 5 6 3
+15V OVERCURR
ONSTART 4
VDD IGBT18 5
IGBT10 6
+15 R30 SHORTAT 7
OUTVCC 8
4,7K
9
4
OUT15VDC
10
+15V +15V +15V C5 11
C40 12
D16 R11 R12 R13 0,1uF
C29 0,1uF
470uF VSS +15V
1K 1K 1K
JP1
D7 R10 D8 R9 D9 R4 C6 VOUT
R29 GRO UND 3
4148 4148 4148 0,1uF
IOUT 2
C41 4,7K
47K 47K 47K 1
R7 R5 U2A
C30 0,1uF -15V R6 1 R8 HEADER 3
470uF 2 9 CNN3
-15 D15 1K 1K 8
1K 10K
4025 RAUX*
C4 C3 C2 47K 1W
1uF 1uF 1uF
+15V
0,1uF
C
C14 C
100uF
R14 C16
+15V 47K 1W
V DC
8
U1B U1A U7A
1
C25 D10 3 D11 R17 U7B

8
STOP +
U9A 4 3 2 1 TRIM1 10K R15 1 5
1uF + OUTV
2 3 R23 U9B 2 7
50K
3
+ - CA3240 47K
1 5 C1 4148 6 C38
+ OUTVDC 100K - CA3240
1nF 2 7 4584 4584 R16
4
- CA3240 47K C15 D12
TRIM3 6 1N4148 2 100K 1uF
3
C36 - CA3240 C18

C32 C34 470pF 4148 C31
4
R24 R35
47K 1uF 1uF 0,1uF 1uF 0ohm
1
R31
10K -15V
C17
R25 R36
47K 100uF NON MONTATA
R22
R32 OUTFASI
10K
4,7K +15V
DL1
C26 0,1uF
U6
-15V C19
1 18 CAUX* 100uF
INP1 OUT1 R18 C21
4,7nF 2,2K
+15 2 17 OUT15VDC
INP2 OUT2
8
+15V 3 16 U8A
INP3 OUT3
3 D13 R21 U8B
IDC +
4 15 TRIM2 20K R19 1 5
INP4 OUT4 + OUTI
2 7
1
3
- CA3240 47K
C27 5 14 4148 6 C39
INP5 OUT5
8
100K - CA3240
U10A R20
4
2 3 R26 U10B 6 13 DAUX1 DAUX2 2 C20 D14 100K 1uF
B 50K + INP6 OUT6 C24 B
1 5 470pF 4148 C22
1nF 2
+
7 OUTIDC 7 12 R37
- CA3240 47K INP7 OUT7 4148 4148 10K
TRIM4 6 0,1uF 1uF
3
1
C37 - CA3240
C33 C35 8 11
INP8 OUT8
4
R27 -15V
47K 1uF C23
1uF +24VDC 9 10
R33 V+ M R38
10K 100uF 3,3K
TD62784AP
R28 DAUX*
47K
R34 CAUX*
3,3K +15V
1N4007
1uF
C28 U12
-15V -15 1 2 ON+

+24VDC 3 4 ON
ON+ 5 6 C N1
REGP 7 8 OUTFASI
OUTIDC 9 10 OVERTEMP
OUTVDC 11 12 OVERCURR
OUTV 13 14 ONSTART
OUTI 15 16 IGBT18
RESET 17 18 IGBT10
START 19 20 SHORTAT
STOP 21 22 OUTVCC
23 24 OUT15VDC
25 26
U11
1 2 USTART
START 3 4 STOP
A A
RESET 5 6 URES FF1 FF2 FF5
FLUSS 7 8 UFLUSS
C N1 9 10 REGP
TEMP 11 12 OVERTEMP
UTEMP 13 14 OVERCURR +15V
V DC 15 16 ONSTART ME.RO S.r.l PONTE A MORIANO LUCCA ITALY
FF3 FF4 FF6
IDC 17 18 IGBT18
+24VDC 19 20 IGBT10 C7 55029-VIA BALESTRERI N.430
VOUT 21 22 SHORTAT TEL.0583-406060
23 24 0,1uF
IOUT OUTVCC FAX.0583-406050
25 26
Title
INTERFACCIA MR\B **-IGBT E SIMATIC

C 2643

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
DZX1 TP18
R121
VOLC 10K
12V R106 R107
DX1 R134 10K
22K 22K TP15
4148 D51
R136 C65
3
U26F 4148
TRIMX1 -12V 22nF
12 13 2 390ohm 2W
R135 R115 +12V
4584 1K 10K TP16
10pF CX2 1 C87
0,1uF 15K
11
U24A
D D
2 - D50 R108 U INV
U24B
1 6 - R123
4148 TP19 3 + 7
TL084 4,7K
3
DX2 4148 5 +
A 14DIG300 680 TRIM4 +12V
4
TL084 2
R125 TPA +12V D43 D44
V DC 1K 4148
4148 D55
C86
R112
1
2,2K 0,1uF 4148
TRIM5 +12V 100K
TP24
C76
1
10K DL7
0,22uF R124 Daux** C75
2 U22A U26B U26A 1K
2,2nF
1 R122
10K URES 3 4 3 2 1 RESET
4148
2 D56
3
R105 D59 D57 R81 4011 4584 4584 C68 4148 C67
2,2K 14DIG300 14DIG300 0,1uF
+12V 4,7K U22B 10uF

BC337 R82 5
4148 4,7V Q10 4
4148
100K 6 A
D49 10K U26C
D6 R104 CA
4011
D48 R102 5 6 2,2nF
100
R103
C63 4148 4584
BC337 14DIG300
15K
C74 Q9 TP22
22nF 10uF R78 +12V +12V
R101 C62 18K
+12V
C C
10K 0,1uF R137
R138
10
1
C61 C64 R1A1 10K

D53 D52 10K
1nF 2,2nF 4,7K DL4 TP25
2 U23 15 C48 1N4148
12 0,1uF U22C 1N4148
13 D54 8
SG3524 D42 USTART R133
5 11 10
14 OUT1 9 STOP
TP17 1N4148
C59 R88 4011 B C85 1K C84
4148 2N2907
1nF 2,2K 0,1uF 0,1uF TP26
16
Q11
U22D
R99 680nF C72 R86
R79 12
R100 11 R113
C60 2,2K START
BC337 13
4,7K 10K
1
4148 R116 15K 4,7nF Q8 1K

D47 +12V 4011 C51 C69
R98 2 0,1uF 0,1uF
C58 4,7K
0,1uF TRIM3 CX1 DL6
5K R109
3
100
22nF UTEMP +12V
RX2 R118 +12V
2,2K
C73 R94 VDD LM7812
4,7K 4,7K R80
56nF
10K VCC U27
U26D
R92 R130 3 1
2N2907 8 9 TEMP
220pF
Q12 10K 1K
4
C57 TPB 4584 C49 C78

R96 R97
2
U25 D46 0,1uF C81 C89 C80 C53 C52
3 - 1 0,1uF
7 A 10uF 0,1uF 0,1uF 10uF 0,1uF
B 1K 1K 4148 B
+12V 2 + 6
220pF C66 5 +12V
2
LM311 R117 B
R119 TRIM2 VSS
8
1 3 1K
10K DL5
C56 6,8K D45
10uF 10uF
C88 100nF 4148
+12V UFLUSS +12V C82 C54
0,1uF C83 C55
0,1uF 0,1uF
1
R95 100K
-12V 3 2
R91
2,2K R89
10K
1nF C71 RX3 U26E
R90 R131 U28
2N2907 10 11 FLUSS
1K
2
R110 Q13 10K 1K

IDC 1 3 TP23 LM7912
10K 4584 C50 C79
100nF 3,3K
C70 0,1uF 0,1uF
TRIM6
12 U24D
U24C +
4,7K 10 R126 14
TP21 +
R111 R114 8 13 -
9 TL084 CN3
- 2,2K
TL084 17 2C 2A 1
10K D58 18 4C 4A 2
19 3 STOP
6C 6A RESET
20 8C 8A 4
4148 R84 DL8 START 21 5 TEMP
10C 10A
2
R128 R127 FLUSS 22 6 UTEMP

REGP UFLUSS 12C 12A URES
1 3 23 14C 14A 7
2,2K USTART 24 8 U INV
10K 2,2K 10K 16C 16A
25 9 V DC
C70A 100nF TRIM7 18C 18A IDC
26 20C 20A 10
CRP C77 -12V VOLC 27 11 REGP
R129 22C 22A
3,9K 28 24C 24A 12
A TP20 0,68uF 29 13 OUT1 A
10uF 26C 26A
+12V 30 28C 28A 14
31 30C 30A 15
-12V 32 16 A
R85 DL9 32C 32A
2,2K
+12V ME.RO S.r.l. PONTE A MORIANO LUCCA ITALY
Title
SCHEDA DI COMANDO TIPO MC-CHOPP2

C 2960\A3 (B2136 MR\B 30K-IGBT)

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
D D
U?
LA125
C - M + C
3
1
4
B B

A A
Title
SUPPORTO PER LEM LA 125-P

A 3193\A4

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
C105
220pF C115 C101

TPA 1000uF
1uF
2
DAD1 R159
3
1 3 R147 1 1
+12V Q14 Q15
IRF9532
U31A 100K IRF9532
D R146 TRIM8 10K D
TP34 4528 U35B
2,2K 200K
2
R154 2 6 U31B C116
RC Q US1
C96 4528 2 7
+12V 1 10 14 US2
100K 33pF CX Q RC 2uF
IRF532
2
-12V 4 15 C104 ICL7667
+T CX Q17
5 1nF Q16
-T
R139AUX 7 12 1 IRF532 1
Q +T
R
-T 11
3
TP35 C91 9
6,8K TP31 Q
1
R
0,1uF U36 TRIM9
4
R139 R140 10K
13
VOLI R139A 2 5- R142 U30A R148 2 U32C U35A TPB
6 470 8 R158
3,3K 1K TRIM 3296
3 8+ 1 2 10 4 5
1K U32A U30D
D63 1 9
3
C2A D61 100K
6,2V R141 AD518 1
7
1K 1K 40106 3 9 8 4001 ICL7667
NO U33 2
D64 3 1 4148
CIN PP C117 C102
R162 U30B 4 2 4001 40106
VCOUT P1 C97 1000uF
6,2V C92 C93 1uF
3 4 14 SIN P2 13 68pF TPC
NO R160
0,1uF
3
0,1uF TP33 6 R155 1 1
CX Q19 IRF9532
Q18
40106 47K
+12V 1,5nF C103 100K IRF9532
7 9 U34B
CX VCOIN
2
2
R153 5 C118
100K INH R151 US3
1 3 11 R1 DEMO 10 2 7
12 15 PONTICELLATA 5,6K US4
47K R2 ZEN 2uF
2
TRIM11 R150 4046 ICL7667 IRF532
68K +12V Q20
Q21
C100 1 IRF532 1
22nF
3
1
C99
1
C TRIM11A1 0,1uF TRIM10 C
2 100K 10K
470 R149 2 TRIM 3296 U32D U34A
12 R161
U30F 11 4 5
3
U32B U30C 13
3
13 12 5 D62 100K
4 5 6 4001 ICL7667
6
TP27 40106 4148 TPD
TP32 4001 40106
+12V R152 C98
TP28 68pF
+12V 100K
TP29 PONT1 R60A1
U INV
U30E
R60B1 1K
TP30
11 10
-12V
1K DL10
40106
+12V
VDD LM7812
VCC U37
B B
3 1
2
C112 C111 C108 C107
10uF 0,1uF 10uF 0,1uF
VSS
10uF 10uF
C113 C109
C114 C110
0,1uF 0,1uF
1
-12V 3 2
U38
LM7912
CN4
-15 17 1 +15
2C 2A
18 4C 4A 2
19 6C 6A 3
R156 DL11 0 20 4 U INV
8C 8A
21 10C 10A 5
22 12C 12A 6
1,5K 23 7
VOLI 14C 14A
24 16C 16A 8
US1 25 9
-12V 18C 18A
A 26 20C 20A 10 A
US2 27 11
22C 22A
28 24C 24A 12
US3 29 13
26C 26A
30 28C 28A 14
US4 31 15
R157 DL12 30C 30A
32 32C 32A 16
1,5K ME.RO S.r.l. PONTE A MORIANO LUCCA ITALY
+12V
Title
SCHEDA DI COMANDO TIPO MC-INVERT1

C 3418\A3 B1378mod. MR\B 45K-IGBT

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
GENERATORE MR\B 40K-IGBT-CU
4359 COM.1375-BMX BRUCKNER C.2404\03
Bill Of Materials February 3, 2004 14:37:25 Page 1
Item Quantity Reference Part
1 1 AL1 ALIMENTATORE,NAL40-7610,
2 1 BS1 BOBINA DI LANCIO,3RV1902-1DPO SIEMENS,
3 1 B3504 CIRCUITO FILTRI CHOPPER,B3505,
4 1 B3505 CIRCUITO FILTRO DIOVI INVERTER,B3505,
5 1 B3506 CIRCUITO RESISTENZE SCARICA ELETTR.,B3506,
6 2 B3503\2,B3503\1 CIRCUITO FILTRO INVERTER,B3503,
7 1 CA1 CAPACITA' CERAMICA,4,7nF,
8 1 CF1 CAPACITA POLIESTERE,0,1uF 2000V ICL,
9 8 CF1A,CF1,CF2A,CF2,C6,C9, CAPACITA' CERAMICA,4,7nF 3KV,
C10,C14
10 1 CN1 CONTATTORE PRINCIPALE,3RT1046-1A...0 SIEMENS,198064
11 1 CN2 CONTATTORE ,3RT1036-1A...0 SIEMENS + 2 CONTATTI 3RH1921-
1CA10
12 1 COND1 CONDIZIONATORE,TS-8 275370 2500W 400V RITTAL,
13 1 CVOL1 CAPACITA' VOLANO,C200T 2,2uF 650V 400A,36214
14 1 C1 CAPACITA POLIESTERE,NCL GT1817 8uF 1300VDC,
15 6 C2B,C2A,C2,C3B,C3A,C3 CAPACITA ELETTROLITICA,4700uF 450VDC
K02450472 KENDEILL,
16 1 C4 CAPACITA CERAMICA,3\\4,7nF 1KV ,36197
17 1 C5 CAPACITA CERAMICA,4,7nF 6KV ,
18 1 C11 CAPACITA' POLIESTERE,0.033uF 2KV,
19 1 C15 CAPACITA CERAMICA,5\\4,7nF 3KV ,36197
20 1 C16 CAPACITA',0,1uF 630V,
21 1 C17 CAPACITA CERAMICA,4,7nF 1KV ,36197
22 1 C18 CAPACITA' CERAMICA,4,7nF 1KV,
23 1 DL1 LED,,
24 4 DZ1,DZ2,DZ3,DZ4 DIODE ZENER,200V 1W,
25 1 DZ5 DIODE ZENER,56V 1W,
26 2 D2,D1 MODULO 2-DIODI,DSEI2X101-12A IXYS,
27 1 D3 DIODE,SKKE 600F12 SEMIKRON,
28 1 D4 MODULO 2-DIODI,PSND 200 E\12 POWERSEM,
29 1 D6 MODULO 2-DIODI,PSMD 200 E\12 POWERSEM,
30 1 D9 DIODE,1N4007,
31 1 FL1 FILTRO RETE ,FN 258-100-35 SCHAFFNER,68010
32 2 F1,F2 FUSIBILE,2AT 5x20mm,
33 1 F3 FUSIBILE,2AT 6x32mm,
34 1 F4 FUSIBILE RAPIDO,160A 00TN80 BUSSMAN,
35 1 IA1 INTERRUTTORE MAGNETOTERMICO,3RV1041-4MA10 80-100 Amp
SIEMENS
36 1 IA2 INTERRUTTORE MAGNETOTERMICO,5Sx23 C4 SIEMENS,
37 1 IA3 INTERRUTTORE MAGNETOTERMICO,5Sx21 C2 SIEMENS,
38 1 IMFT IMPEDENZA VARIABILE ,ME.RO,
39 1 IMF1 IMPEDENZA FILTRO,3,5uH ME.RO,
40 1 IMF2 IMPEDENZA CHOPPER,IMF2 0,732mH SAT 140Amp,
41 1 IN1 INTERRUTTORE DI LINEA,3LD2814-OTK53 SIEMENS,
42 1 LEM SENS.CORRENTE,LA125-P-03,
43 1 LP1 LINE,SEGNALE LUMINOSO 110V TELEMECANIQUE,
44 1 LP2 GEN.ON,110V,
45 1 NEON NEON,PS4138140 + SZ2507100 RITTAL,
46 1 PD1 PONTE DIODO TRIFASE,POWERSEM PSD 162\12,
47 1 Q1 IGBT,PM400HSA120 MITSUBISHI,
48 2 Q2,Q3 IGBT DOPPIO,CM300DU-24F MITSUBISHI,
49 1 Q4 SCR,SKKH 162-16T SEMIKRON,
50 1 RA1 RESISTENZA,47ohm,
51 1 RC1 FILTRO RC,SIEMENS 3RT1936-1CC00,
52 1 RC2 FILTRO RC,SIEMENS 3RT1916-1CC00,
53 8 RF1A,RF1,RF2A,RF2,R9,R12, RESISTENZA,10ohm 6W,
R18,R20
54 1 RF1 RESISTENZA,100ohm 3W ,
55 1 RL1 RELE',MK3P5-S 110VDC OMRON,
56 8 RSC1,RSC2,RSC3,RSC4,RSC5, RESISTENZA ,RSMM25 22K,
RSC6,RSC7,RSC8
57 2 R1,R2 RESISTENZA,22ohm RCH25,136030
58 2 R6,R5 RESISTENZA,110ohm 50W RSC 16x90 IRE,
59 1 R7 RESISTENZA,22ohm RCH25,
60 1 R13 RESISTENZA,150ohm 1% 1\2W,
61 1 R14 RESISTENZA,22ohm 1\2W,
62 1 R15 RESISTENZA ,RFC 16x90 470ohm OFEL,
63 1 R21 RESISTENZA,22K 7W,
64 1 R22 RESISTENZA,8,2ohm PR100 REATE,136030
65 1 R23 RESISTENZA,22ohm 4W,136030
66 1 R26 RESISTENZA,2\\0,47ohm ATE RB50 R47,
67 1 R27 RESISTENZA,2\\47ohm 4W,
68 3 TC1,TC2,TC3 INTERR.TERMICO,67L070 AIRPAK,
69 2 TC4,TC5 INTERR.TERMICO,67L080 AIRPAK,
70 1 TEMP1 TEMPORIZZATORE,3RP1511-1AQ30 SIEMENS,
71 1 TR1 TRASFORMATORE,700VA PRIM.400-460V SEC.0-110-220V LEF,
72 1 TR2 TRASFORMATORE.A.T.,TIPO MR\T 40K-IGBT,
73 1 VENT1 VENTILATORE CHOPPER,W2E143-AB09-98 PAPST,
74 2 VENT2,VENT3 VENTILATORE INVERTER,NMB 5915 PC-23T-B30 230VAC 35W
75 1 VENT4 VENTILATORE PONTE DIODI,NMB4715 MS-23T-B5A 230VAC,
76 1 VENT5 VENTILATORE TRASF.A.T.,W2E 250-HL06-01 230VAC EBM,

Manuale Com-1375 BMX Bruckner MR-B 40k-Igbt Client

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Manuale Com-1375 BMX Bruckner MR-B 40k-Igbt Client

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Instruction and

ORDER No. 1375-BMX BRÜCKNER

corona discharge system consisting of:

electronic generator MR\B 40K-IGBT\CU

discharge station BHS\3\3\15\F\M\8220

0 03/02/04 First Edition

Rev. Date Description Compiled Checked Approved

1 page n°3 Machine transport, handling and storage

2 page n°4 Machine commissioning

3 page n°5 Information on the machine

4 page n°15 Operating the machine and description of manual controls

5 page n°29 System maintenance

6 page n°30 Instruction and warning

1 Machine transport, handling and storage

1.1 Storage conditions

The machine must be adequately protected from water and dust.

1.2 Size, weight(s), position of centre(s) of gravity

See figure -A-

1.3 Handling instructions

2.1 Assembly conditions

The discharge station must be securely anchored to the support structure.

2.2 Area required for operation and maintenance

The generator is completely enclosed by side panels (removeable by unscrewing) and by

2.3 Permissible ambient conditions

2.4 Connecting the machine to the power supply

2.5 Recommended precautionary measures to be adopted by the user

3 Information on the machine

3.2 Purpose of the machine and uses not permitted

3.3 Measuring methods

3.4 Electrical system

Solid-state ELECTRONIC GENERATOR MR\B 40K-IGBT\CU

SUPPLY VOLTAGE 3x460V 60 Hz

MAXIMUM OUTPUT POWER 40 kW

OPERATING FREQUENCY 20-40 kHz

Monitoring of generator work magnitudes and safety devices:

(analogue magnitudes 0-10 V)

Size of generator housing: 800x1900x610 mm

Generator weight: 470 kg

3.5 GENERATOR OPERATING PRINCIPLES.

- The inverter is full-bridge configured ( D4 – D6 Q2 - Q3 ). It is current supplied and coupled on

Power dissipation equal to zero in switching transition

Resonant converter wave-forms.

Ch1 Ch1 = voltage driver

-The H.V. transformer isolates the resonant

The boards that drive the chopper are:

B2136 B2488 and B2487 when Q1 is an intelligent IGBT module ( IPM )

1) Ch: 250 V\div 10µsec

The inverter drive boards are:

B1765 where the impulse transformers are mounted.

Resonant voltage U1 U2 wave-form

1) Ch: 250 V\div 10µsec

3.6 GENERATOR START-UP

Remove the guard from the

H.V. CABLE CONNECTION TO THE ELECTRODE

N.B. CONNECT THE GENERATOR, DISCHARGE STATION AND

On completion of the above checks, the generator can be started up.

Position the MAIN SWITCH on the generator housing to ON.

Position the generators to ON.

3.7 Repairs and maintenance

ALARM SIGNALS POSSIBLE CAUSES REMEDY

Phase fault Incorrect power supply to Check :

Main supply fault No supply from AL1 to Check: