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COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 2
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Our products (DUT)
• Automotive Power
• In Vehicle Networking
• LIN, CAN, FlexRay
• Sensors
• Tire Pressure Monitoring
• Car Access & Immobilizers
• Telematics (Road pricing & E-Call)
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 3
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
FlexRay Bus Topology
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 4
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
‘Digital’
processing
SMPS Temperature
Wheel speed
LDO(s) Steering angle
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 5
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Second time right strategy
MRA == Tape-out
Three instruments:
– Product Potential Study (IP level, temperature, process)
– Verification (simulation based, pre-silicon, top-level )
– Validation (measurements, post-silicon)
Verification goal:
– Design first time functional correct.
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 6
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Design trends
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 7
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Top-level Verification Scope
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 8
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Agenda
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 9
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Design Architecture
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 10
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Test-bench environment TCL
ON/OFF
VSOURCE
VMONITOR
EXPECTED DUT
ERROR
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 11
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Test-bench architecture
Verilog-AMS:
– TB and verification components:
• Manually (ASCII editor).
– DUT and sub-components
• Generated from the schematic by virtuoso (verilog-AMS netlist).
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 12
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Test-bench architecture
Testbench (vams)
VC (vams) DUT
VBAT
vsource UV
deposit ena_vbat = 1’b1 OSC
run 100 us
deposit txd = 1’b1
deposit lin_exp = 1’b0
run 250 us
deposit txd = 1’b0 DIGITAL
TXD
deposit lin_exp = 1’b1 CORE
run 100 us RXD
test1.tcl LIN
error vmonitor TRX
vsource
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 13
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Resulting Waveforms
VBAT 12 V
0V
1
TXD
0
exp. val 1
0
12 V
LIN
0V
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 14
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Agenda
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 15
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Self Checking
Required for:
– handling a large set of test-cases or comparing tape-outs:
• Pass/Fail detection without eye-balling waveforms.
– Continuous checking
• No sampling
Vmonitor:
– Comparing expected value with actual value.
– Can be applied for analog signal with “digital” behavior.
• Two steady states.
Expected (0/1)
Vmonitor Error (0/1)
Actual (V)
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 16
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Vmonitor
1
Expected value
0
min max
X
1
X
V
0
X
T
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 17
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Checkers
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 18
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Checkers
Testbench (vams)
VC (vams) DUT
VBAT
vsource UV
deposit ena_vbat = 1’b1 OSC
run 100 us
deposit txd = 1’b1 RXD
#deposit lin_exp = 1’b0 TXD
run 250 us
deposit txd = 1’b0 DIGITAL
#deposit lin_exp = 1’b1 LIN checker CORE
run 100 us
model
Expected value
LIN
test1.tcl error vmonitor TRX
vsource
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 19
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Modeling
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 20
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Modeling
Testbench (vams)
VC (vams) DUT
VBAT
vsource UV
deposit ena_vbat = 1’b1 OSC
run 100 us
deposit txd = 1’b1 RXD
#deposit lin_exp = 1’b0 TXD
run 250 us
deposit txd = 1’b0 DIGITAL
#deposit lin_exp = 1’b1 LIN checker CORE
run 100 us
model
Expected value
test1.tcl LIN
error vmonitor TRX
vsource
Model
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 21
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Coverage
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 22
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Coverage
Testbench (vams)
VC (vams) DUT
VC_DIG (sv)
VBAT
ena_vbat vsource UV
OSC
RXD
TXD
txd
LIN checker DIGITAL
test1.tcl
CORE
model
LIN
error vmonitor TRX
vsource
SystemVerilog
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 23
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Summary
Initial projects:
– Interconnect and Interoperability.
– Directed Test Cases.
– Self Checking.
Enhanced:
– Split Stimuli and checkers:
• Enables constraint random stimuli.
• Start using checkers.
• Expected value retrieved from model.
– Modeling.
– Coverage.
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 24
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Q&A
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 25
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Open Verification Methodology
Standard methodology
– Guidelines for creating OVC, scoreboards and generating stimuli.
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 26
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
OVM example
Testbench (vams)
VC (vams) DUT
OVM VC_DIG
vsource ovc UV
VBAT OSC
SEQ DRIVER vsource_if vsource
RXD
virtual TXD DIGITAL
sequence CORE
LIN
SEQ DRIVER vsource_if vsource TRX
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 27
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Verification Components
VSOURCE:
– Sequence item (transfer):
• real vv; // Output voltage value.
• real tr; // Rise/fall time.
• real td; // Delay.
• real r; // Value of the internal series resistor.
• logic din; // Switch-on of voltage source.
• logic connect; // Disconnect from analog network.
• logic mode; // Use vv or input voltage source for output voltage.
– D2A done using an existing component (vsource).
SPI:
– Sequence item (transfer):
• bit [4:0] len; // Number of bits.
• bit [31:0] data;
– D2A/A2D done via connectrules.
FLEXRAY:
– Sequence Item (transfer):
• abln_flr_state_t state; // lowpower, idle, data0, data1, disabled.
• int duration;
– D2A/A2D done using an existing component (flr_transceiver).
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 28
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6
Virtual Sequences
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 29
Top-level verification of mixed signal products - 2010 Dec 6