SPSC Written Preparation For The Posts Of

Assistant Engineer Civil (BPS-17) In Public

Health Engineering & Rural Development
Department, Government Of Sindh

Hydraulics & Fluid Mechanics

(Lecture No: 02)

 Course Instructor:
Faisal Iqbal Shaikh
Assistant Engineer Civil (BPS-17), PHE & RD Department, Govt. of Sindh
B.E Civil (MUET, Jamshoro)
MEM Construction Management (NEDUET, Karachi)
 Lecture Modules
Total Pressure and its derivations
Centre of pressure, its depth and derivations
Problems
Water Pressure on Rectangular Dams and its related problems
Water pressure on Masonry Walls and its related problems
Total Pressure and
its Derivations
 Total Pressure:
 The total pressure on an immersed surface is defined as the total pressure exerted by the
liquid on it. It is denoted by “P”

 Mathematically,
P = p1a1 + p2a2 + p3a3 ……
Where, p1, p2, p3, ….. = Intensities of pressure on different strips of the surface,

a1, a2, a3, ….. = Areas of the corresponding strips

 Derivations:
 Total pressure on a Horizontally immersed surface.

 Total pressure on a vertically immersed surface.

 Total pressure on an inclined immersed surface.
Total Pressure On A Horizontally Immersed Surface
TOTAL PRESSURE ON A VERTICALLY IMMERSED SURFACE
Total Pressure On An Inclined Immersed Surface
 Centre of Pressure:
 The point through which the resultant pressure on an immersed body acts is called as
“Centre of Pressure”.

 The pressure is greater over the lower portion of a body because it increases with the
increase in depth.
 The resultant pressure acts at some point below the centre of gravity of the immersed
body and thus we can say that “the centre of pressure is always below the centre of
gravity”.

 Derivations:
 Centre of pressure of a vertically immersed surface.
 Centre of pressure of an inclined immersed surface.
Centre Of Pressure Of A Vertically Immersed Surface
Centre Of Pressure Of An Inclined Immersed Surface
Water Pressure On Rectangular Dams
Water Pressure On Masonry Walls
Problem