Marathas They rise in the service of Bahamani Rulers and were paid in terms of Mansab. They were regarded as good fighters and even Mughals wanted to get them into their army Shahji Bhonsle ¢ Created Maratha State © Wife was Jija Bai and Son Shivaji e Jagir of Poona was allotted to Wife Jija Bai and Minor son Shivaji in 1637 AD ShivajiSon of Shahaji Bhosle and Jijabai ° Guardian Dadaji Kondadeo was died in 1647 AD e Spritual Guru was Samarth Ram das ¢ Shivaji was just 12 years younger than his number one rival Aurangzeb. His father had laid the foundation of the Maratha Empire but he is considered the real founder of the Maratha Kingdom whose capital was Raigarh. © Shivaji is known for pioneering the Shiva Sutra or Ganimi Kava which refers to Guerilla warfare techniques. e After that Shivaji conquered Many Kingdoms like Jawali in 1657 ¢ Bijapur king Adil Shah sent Afzal khan to kill Shivaji but in 1659 he was killed by Shivaji ¢ In 1660 Shaista khan (Governor of Deccan) was sent by Aurangzeb to Kill Shivaji ,He was Uncle of Aurangzeb and subedar in Mughal Army e Shaista khan first captured Poona and Shivaji was forced toleave that place but Shivaji attacked and killed his son in 1663 e In 1664 Shivaji even looted Mughal Ports Treaty Of Purandar 1665 The Treaty of Purandar (or Geez a Te) was signed on June 11, 1665, between the Rajput ruler Jai Singh |, who was commander of the Mughal Empire, and Maratha Shivaji. ¢ Raja Jai Singh of Amber ,was a trustee of Mughals ¢ He was sent by Aurangzeb to deal with Shivaji ¢ He occupied Purander port of Shivaji and Shivaji was left with no option other than to deal the situation with Negotiation ¢ Shivaji was offered to accept Rank of 5000 Mansab in Mughal Army but he refused and sent his Minor son Shambaji as a Mansabdar ¢ Shivaji (1627-80) had two sons Shambaji (elder) and Raja ram © Out of 35 Ports 23 were given to Aurangzeb and 12 with Shivaji ¢ 40 Lakh fine on Shivaji e Jaisingh ask Shivaji to come to Agra to meet Aurangzeb,He reached there but was not treated well by Aurangzeb e Aurangzeb even detained him but Shivaji anyhow escaped from there ¢ Now Shivaji captured Surat and plundered Berar and Khandesh ¢ Be crowned himself @ Raigarh @ 1674 AD with title haindava dharmoddharak (Protector of Hinduism) ¢ Shivaji then went for Karnataka Expedition in 1676 where he was helped by Two brothers Madanna and Akhanna.During this expedition he killed certain Hindus also ° Died in 1680Administration of Shivaji Astha pradhan of Shivaji ¢ Peshwa: ° Finance & General Admin © Later they will be PM ¢ Majumdar/Amatya:Accountant ¢ sari-i-naubat (senapati), which was a post of honor and was generally given to one of the leading Maratha chiefs military commander e Nyayadhish :Justice © panditrao:Religious and charitable affairs © wagenavis was responsible for intelligence post and household affairs ( Home minister) ¢ surunavis or chitnis helped the king with his correspondence. Shambaji(1680-89)Elder son of Shivaji Defeated Rajaram to get the throne Supported Akbar-2,Rebel son of Aurangzeb and was killed in 1689 His son Sahu was captured by Aurangzeb Rajaram(1689-1700) He added one more minister to Astha pradhan ,Pratinidhi Lost Jinji to Aurangzeb Rajaram, however, escaped and fled first to Vellore and later to Vishalgad. Rajaram died of lung disease in 1700 at Sinhaghad in Pune leaving behind widows and infants So in 1681 Aurangzeb reached Deccan,in 1689 he killed Shambaji as he supported his rebel son Akbar-2 and Captured his son Sahu Shivaji-2(Minor Son of Rajaram):1700-1707 Tarabai was ruling in his name During this time Mughal Ruler was Bahadur Shah,He released Sahu in 1707 Battle happen between Sahu and Shivaji-2: Battle of Khed near Bhima River,Satara Sahu with the help of Balaji Vishwanath won the battle and later he made him First Peshwa Sahu ruled for the period of 1707-1749 After Sahu Peshwa reached there Peak and next ruler was Raja Ram-2(Grand Son of Tarabai:1749-1777) Note:Under Maratha Empire two types of Taxes were prominent:1)Chauth :1/4 or 25% of the total as tax for not being subjected to Maratha raid 2)Sardeshmukhi:10% where Marathas claimed their hereditary Rights Peshwaship ¢ Gwalior:Scindia's:Ramoji © Baroda:Gaikwad:Pilaji and Damaji ¢ Indore:Holker:Malhar Rao ¢ Nagpur:Bhonsle:Family of Shivaji