R.A.

9299 Republic of the Philippines June 25, 2004

NEGROS ORIENTAL STATE UNIVERSITY
NOHS (1907) I NOTS (1927) I EVSAT (1956) I CVPC (1983)
Kagawasan Ave. Dumaguete City Negros Oriental
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
Main Campus II, Bajumpandan, Dumaguete City 6200

FABRICATION OF A PROTOTYPE IN-VESSEL COMPOSTING MACHINE

FOR MULTI-HOUSEHOLD ORGANIC WASTES

A Document Presented to

Josef Vill S. Villanueva, Ph. D.

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

in ME 445 – ME Project Study

Prepared By

Angay, Mae Belle Lynne V.

Mananquil, Paul Davis S.
Ramirez, Rafael C.
Vincoy, John Lloyd A.

Engr. Winston B. Gomez

Project Adviser
 ABSTRACT

Waste creation in the country increased steadily from 37,427.46 tons per day in 2012 to

40,087.45 tons per day in 2016, with an estimated average per capita waste generation of 0.40

kg per day in both urban and rural areas. Organic waste accounts for 52 percent of dumped

garbage, with recyclable waste accounting for 28 percent and residuals accounting for 18

percent. As a result, the researchers studied and fabricated a composting machine for multi-

household use that can speed up the process of turning organic wastes into compost, reducing

people's reliance on landfills, dumpsites, incinerators, and other non-environmental-friendly

waste disposal methods. The development of the prototype of the composting machine started

with the Design Conceptualization and Consideration. Next was the selection of materials which

the researchers must consider the material Appropriateness, Cost, and Availability in which they

should be appropriate for the design. The research involved two approaches which were

conducted - an experimental and a descriptive design, in order to identify the technical aspects

of the prototype. According to the results, the overall rating of the machine scored 4.2182 which

was based on Likert's scale in verbal description, which means that it is highly acceptable.

Following the evaluation of the machine was the evaluation of the compost. The compost

quality scored a total rating of 4.3095 and was regarded as Highly Acceptable. The total

capacity of the machine was found to be 25 kg for the input and 12.55 kg for the output. The

machine consumes a total of P38.09153493 of the monthly electric bill which is still reasonable

than having to undergo manual labor for traditional composting. To summarize, the researchers

were able to achieve the objectives of the study with satisfactory results, making the study a

success.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to acknowledge various people who have been of great

help in making the thesis possible.

 First, to the researchers’ instructor Engr. Winston B. Gomez for his unwavering support

and his guidance all throughout their research project. Without his assistance and dedicated

involvement in every step throughout the process, this paper would have never been

accomplished.

The researchers would also like to thank Mr. Ricardo Sarlito S. Ramirez who did the

welding, fabrication and assembling of the machine parts and to Mr. Janery S. Vincoy as well,

who assisted the researchers in the installation of wirings for the machine. The expertise of these

aforementioned individuals saved the researchers from labor expenses.

The researchers would like to express their sincerest gratitude to the City Agriculturists,

Local Government Unit employees and Department of Science and Technology (DOST) for their

cooperation and efforts in evaluating the prototype.

Most importantly, the completion of this study would have not been possible without the

researchers’ family for their unending support, emotionally and financially as they designed and

fabricated the machine from scratch up to the testing phase of their final product.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………………………i

ACKNOWLEDGMENT…………………………………………………………………...ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………………………….iii

CHAPTER I………………………………………………………………………………...1

Introduction…………………………………………………………………………..1

Statement of The Problem…………………………………………………………...2

Significance of the Study……………………………………………………………..3

Scope and Limitation of the Study…………………………………………………..5

CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL BACKGROUND………………………………………6

Theory Behind the Designed Organic Waste Composting Machine………………6

Determination Of Organic Composting Machine Power Requirement, Dimensions

and Specifications of Shafts, Bearings and Bolts……………………………………9

CHAPTER III: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE……………………………...17

Household Waste……………………………………………………………………17

Compost …………………………………………………………………………….18

Composter Shredder ……………………………………………………………….19

Composter Helical Agitator …………………………………………………...…...20

Related Studies .……………………………………………………………………20

Definition of Terms...……………………………………………………………….24
CHAPTER IV: THE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY………………………………….....26

Flow of The Study ………………………………………………………………..……27

Design Conceptualization and Specification………………………………………....28

Design Consideration and Formulas …………………………………………….…..32

Material Selection ……………………………………………………………………..69

Fabrication of the Machine Prototype ……………………………………………....74

Operation of the Machine Prototyp e………………………………………………...92

Testing of the Machine Prototype…………………………………………………....93

Evaluation of the Compost Produced……………………………………………......96

CHAPTER V: RESULTS…………………………………………………………………….97
Result of Compost…………………………………………………………………….97
Comparison of the Fabricated Composting Machine and Manual Composting…103
Machine and Compost Evaluation…………………………………………………..105
Modifications of the Machine Prototype……………………………………………111
Power Consumption and Calculations……………………………………………...114

CHAPTER VI: DISCUSSION………………………………………………………...115

Summary……………………………………………………………………………..115
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………116
Recommendation…………………………………………………………………….117

BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………………………………………………..118

APPENDICES……………………………………………………………………………….124