UNIT 51 Auxiliary verbs in short answers, short questions etc.

_\tT
So am l/ Neither am I
Ithink so / I hope so etc. ::1

a) Can you swim? I have lost my key. He might not come.

I
In these sentences can, have and might are auxiliary (:
hetping) verbs. 2
We often use auxiliary verbs when we don't want to repeat so¡lething: 3
@- 'Yet, I'am.rr: I am iorking romorrow) 4
Ije-coulilléñfñlñe moniy Uri¡. trán't. 1= he won'r lend is the money)
- f¡r 5
Use ¿o¡¿.esZ¿ia 5jmp_le shoir answer.,: 6
-'Does he smoke?' 'He did bui lre doesn't ánv more,' 7
8
b) §le ,.e auxiliary verbs in shorr quesrions: 9

- holiday.' 'Did it?'

- 'It iainéd qvq¡y_&y du1l¡rg our -

- 'Állisn't veiy;tlr rod;r.' 'oh, isn'i she ?'

- 'l've just seen Tom.' 'Oh, have you? How is he?' 51,2 H
flre¡g¡hort qqqstions (Did it?, isnt she?, have you?) are not real quesrions. We use them to Sc
shsry"gllqe itllqqst ,ñ f4¡jl9¡e,9ne h;s said and they help to keep the conváiqlii-on going. E.

Somerime: wr usg.short quesrions ro show surprise: I

'Jim and Nora are getting married.' 'Are they? Really?'
)
3
c) y.j]so S9. a¡xiliary verbs with so and neither:
- 'l'mlecling ¡-iied.' 'So am I.' (: I am feeling tired too) +
- 'l never read ney,¡papers.' 'Neither do I.' (= I never read rhem either) -5
\ote the -ord "Ide. al . slind neither luerb before subject):
* f pur!¡d th. exam and ro áid To-. (nor 'so Tám did')
Nor can be used instead of neither: 5I.3 N,
_ 'ltan'tremémber his name.' 'Nor can I. / Neither can I.'
Not ... either can be used instead of neither and nor: E¡
i - 'l haven't got any money.' 'Neither have I.' or 'I haven't either.'
I
1
d) l_,!!¡t
1

so I hqpq !,o,.q!:cj
.l '§(/e
use so in this way after a number of verbs, especially think, hope, expect, suppose and l
I'm afraid:
- 'ls she English?' 'I think so.'
- 'Will Tom come ?' 'I expect so.'
- 'Has Ann been invited to the party?' 'I suppose so.' .+

Ib. rygqqu. form depends on the verb:

think so / I expect so - don't think so / I don't expect so _i

hope so / I'm afraid so - hope not / I'm afraid not

suPPose so don't suppose so or I suppose not 6

- 'ls she American?' 'l don't think so.'

- 'ls it going to rain?' 'I hope not.' (zor'l don't hope 5o')
\

t02