PGCB-2017

Post: Assistant Engineer (CIVIL)

Exam Venue: MIST

1. Show typical cantilever beam reinforcement detailing.

Solution:

2. Difference between initial setting time and final setting time.

Solution:

The time between the water is added to cement till it starts losing its plasticity is called as initial
setting time. The time between which water added to cement till it has come in hardened state is
called as final setting time. Initial setting time of ordinary Portland cement should not be less than
30 min and final setting time should not be more than 10 hrs.

3. Short column and long column failure pattern.

Solution:
4. Why aeration is necessary in waste treatment process?

Solution:

Wastewater aeration is the process of adding air into wastewater to allow aerobic bio -degradation
of the pollutant components. In municipal and industrial wastewater treatment, aeration is part of
the stage known as the secondary treatment process. The activated sludge process is the most
common option in secondary treatment. Aeration is an activated sludge process is based on
pumping air into a tank, which promotes the microbial growth in the wastewater. The microbes
feed on the organic material, forming flocs which can easily settle out. After settling in a separate
settling tank, bacteria forming the “activated sludge” flocs are continually re -circulated back to the
aeration basin to increase the rate of decomposition. An ample and evenly distributed oxygen
supply in an aeration system is the key to rapid, economically viable and effective wastewater
treatment.

5. If a 2% solution of sewage is incubated for 5 days at 20 oC and dissolved oxygen depletion was 5
ppm, determine BOD 5.

Solution:

Here, P = 2% = 0.02

We know, BOD 5 = = = 250 mg/L

6. Difference between flyover and interchange.

Solution:

Flyover: Flyover is a grade separation whereby traffic moves separately without the provision of
interchange between them.

Interchange: Interchange is a grade separation with inter connecting facilities of two or more
road way at different level.

7. How SPT N counts in field?

Solution:

The test uses a thick-walled sample tube, with an outside diameter of 50.8 mm and an inside
diameter of 35 mm, and a length of around 650 mm. This is driven into the ground at the bottom
of a borehole by blows from a slide hammer with a mass of 63.5 kg (140 lb) falling through a
distance of 760 mm (30 in). The sample tube is driven 150 mm into the ground and then the
number of blows needed for the tube to penetrate each 150 mm (6 in) up to a depth of 450 mm
(18 in) is recorded. The sum of the number of blows required for the second and third 6 in. of
penetration is termed the "standard penetration resistance" or the "N-value". In cases where 50
blows are insufficient to advance it through a 150 mm (6 in) interval the penetration after 50
blows is recorded. The blow count provides an indication of the density of the ground, and it is
used in many empirical geotechnical engineering formulae.

8. Saturated soil, w = 30%, G = 2.65, determine dry unit weight.

Solution:

We know, S e = w Gs
e = 0.30 x 2.65 = 0.795

Again, = = = 14.48 KN/m3

9. What are the methods of grading asphalt?

Solution:

Four methods of grading of asphalt:

a) Performance grading
b) Penetration grading
c) Viscosity grading
d) Viscosity of aged residue grading

10. What are the forces acting on gravity dam?

Solution:

In the design of a dam, the first step is the determination of various forces which acts on the
structure and study their nature. Depending upon the situation, the dam is subjected to the
following forces:

 Water pressure
 Earthquake forces
 Silt pressure
 Wave pressure
 Ice pressure
 Uplift pressure
 The stabilizing force is the weight of the dam itself.
11. If e = 0.10 and f = 0.15, design speed = 100 kmph, determine radius of curvature.

Solution:

Here, e = 0.10, f = 0.15, V = 100 kmph

We know, e + f =

Or, 0.1 + 0.15 =

R = 314.96 m

12. Difference between compaction and consolidation.

Solution:

Compaction Consolidation
Compaction is a process where a mechanical Consolidation is a process where steady and static
pressure is used to compress the soil mass for the pressure causes compression of saturated soil.
purpose of soil improvement.
Dynamic loads by rapid mechanical methods like Static and sustained loading is applied for a long
tamping, rolling and vibration are applied for a interval in soil consolidation.
small interval in soil compaction.
Compaction of soil is mainly used for sandy soil.
C Consolidation of soil is mainly used for clayey soil.

In compaction process, soil volume is reduced by Consolidation is due to expulsion of pore water
removing air void from the saturated and dry soil. from voids.

Compaction is done before the construction of The process of consolidation starts as soon as the
structure. construction work begins.

13. If a partially saturated soil becomes fully saturated soil due to change in water table, then how
it affects void ratio of soil?

Solution:
Void ratio will not change. For partially saturated soil Vv = Va + Vw, when it will be fully saturated,
volume of air will be covered by water Vv = Vw

JOIN US
FB Group : https://www.facebook.com/groups/CivilianStudyZone
FB Page : https://www.facebook.com/DesignIntegrityBd

Website: http://dil.com.bd
Blog: https://blog.dil.com.bd

Contact: 01633905761