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Home / Sunday Herald / SH Top Stories / Modified modaks

Modified modaks
Over the years, these tasty and fluffy bites of crumbly sweet and salty fillings have undergone an array of inventions,
some unusual yet unique, writes Deepa Natarajan Lobo

Deepa Natarajan Lobo, AUG 28 2022, 00:23 IST | UPDATED: AUG 28 2022, 00:45 IST
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food

Hazelnut and dark chocolate modak


T
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the quintessential gooey goodness of jaggery and coconut are just to die for! The
good old modaks or kozhukattai or kadubus that are known by different
names across the country are loved not only during the Ganesha festival but throughout the
year. While the traditional modaks or kozhukattais consist of jaggery and coconut with a
dash of cardamom, the kadubus which are a speciality in Karnataka, also come with a filling
of sesame or chana dal. There’s also the savoury version of the same (called uzhundu
kozhukattai in Tamil) stuffed with mashed urad dal, coconut and chillies, which may not be
as popular as its sweet counterpart but is nevertheless made in many homes across the
South as prasadam for the deity. But over the years, these tasty and fluffy bites of crumbly
sweet and salty fillings have undergone an array of inventions. So while you have a
rocking Ganesha in a cricket uniform, you also have the quirky chocolate or fruit modak as
prasadam to go along with it.

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Be it the dry fruit or paan modaks with gulkhand fillings or even the instant Oreo modaks,
people are experimenting with the humble modak like never before. Blame the
hundreds and millions of recipes on social media at our easy disposal or Covid turning all of
us into home chefs! Whatever the reason may be, we are surely not complaining about these
innovative and instant recipes. “Nowadays, many authentic dishes are being modified and
the same holds true for the modak. People like to experiment with the covering, fillings and
shapes of modaks. So while you have the classic version with coconut and jaggery, there are
also multiple other options like fried modak, modak with a coating of potato starch,
transparent modak etc,” opines Chef Sombir Choudhary, culinary partner at Raahi Neo
Kitchen & Bar, a gourmet restaurant in Bengaluru.

Although Gurudatt Shivapooja, another chef, isn’t too keen on experimenting with modaks,
he doesn’t mind the innovations. “Many food-lovers and chefs want to be creative and give a
modern twist to traditional food. As long as it has a good blend of flavours and is appetising
at the same time, it’s perfectly fine,” he says. The best part about a modak is undoubtedly the
filling, which when experimented with well, can be an exciting burst of flavours. “As a kid, I
would watch my mother and grandmother prepare the outer covering. I was, however, the
most excited about the sweet coconut stuffing and would even take a bowl of it to my room
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to munch on later,” reminisces Gurudatt. And it’s not just the mixture inside thatSubscribe
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customised. Even the modaks can take on an array of shapes considering the number of
moulds available in the market. So this year, go ahead and try some unique modaks that are
a tad different and as cool as the elephant-headed God himself.

Hazelnut & dark chocolate modak

-25% -25% -25% -38%

“While growing up, we had a variety of sweets made at home like peda, chocolate barfi and
of course, the modak. I remember mixing everything together in a bowl and having it.
Thanks to that, I had the idea of making a modak with the flavours of dark chocolate and
hazelnut. I truly believe that if hazelnut and chocolate were a local produce here, this would
have been the way the original modak would have been made,” says chef Sombir.

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Ingredients

 Milk: 1 cup

Sweet condensed milk:1 cup

Callebaut chocolate 55%: ¾ cup

Lotus biscuit crumbs: 1 ½ cups

Finely chopped hazelnut: ¼ cup


A medium-sized modak mould

Method

Take milk, condensed milk and chocolate in a pan. Stir on medium-low heat and let the
chocolate melt and the mixture combine well. Keep stirring to make sure that it does not
stick to the pan.
NEW the mixture is smooth and shiny, add the biscuit crumbs. Start mixing andSubscribe
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through, add chopped pistachios. Mix and form a dough.

Shift it to a plate and let it cool down. Grease the modak mould using ghee and close it. Stuff
a small portion of the mixture from the bottom hole. Then open the mould and gently
unmould.

Repeat the process a few times and serve.

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Home / Sunday Herald / SH Top Stories / The highs & lows of addiction

The highs & lows of addiction


Substance use disorder generally tends to follow a formulaic path and develops over the course of four stages.
Awareness about these stages can help one identify the symptoms, writes Rashikkha Ra Iyer

Rashikkha Ra Iyer, AUG 28 2022, 00:28 IST | UPDATED: AUG 28 2022, 00:45 IST
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I love the science of addiction more than I have loved anything else in the world. I also tend
to make this quite obvious with me devouring addiction-related literature, podcasts and
research all the time. Thus, most often conversations with friends or family members
always begin with the same.

On a jocular note, people speak only addiction to me. In these conversations, I’ve always
been amused by some common remarks around the disorder. “Then she became an addict.”
Or “He went to that party and then became an addict.” I’ve wondered how addiction is
mostly thought of as an overnight development. On the contrary, substance use disorder
generally tends to follow a formulaic path. Most experts in the field of addiction agree that it
develops over the course of four
stages. Awareness about these stages can help people identify symptoms for themselves or
that of a loved one. The first stage is experimentation. Every experience has a first time.
What this experience offers for the first time determines the individual’s motivation towards
it in future. My mom who was always terrified of riding two-wheelers went on to learn and
pass a four-wheeler driving test. She also made the endpoint fruition by buying herself a
car. Back then, as a 12-year-old, I couldn’t quite juggle this idea into logic in my head.
However, as I grew older, I was able to bring the pieces together. While I thought her fear
was being on a vehicle and manoeuvring it, turned out it was more specific to a two-
wheeler. This was because many years prior to that, she had attempted learning one. On the
very first attempt, she had had a nasty accident that threw her off the idea.

Many years later, when private transport to work became a necessity, she decided to learn to
drive. However, still daunted by the idea of two-wheelers, she turned to a four-wheeler this
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association with driving. Likewise, every experience has both negative and positive
attributes to offer. That said, the first use of a substance or alcohol mostly offers few or no
negative consequences. Due to this, the first encounter mostly serves as a euphoric positive
experience. Experimental substance use is defined as a voluntary act. This is the stage when
individuals decide to get high or drunk thinking of it as a one-time exploration. This is
mostly done in a social context which is free of cultural barriers or legal consequences.

The second stage — regular use is somewhat dual-ended. After the first experimentation,
some people may continue to use it every now and then. They may be using it recreationally
with close monitoring on frequency. They may not be necessarily addicted to the substance
yet. That said, this is also the stage when an individual’s risk for dependence greatly
increases. This is when people may realise that they’re able to do things when high or drunk
that they otherwise won’t. For instance, an individual may get anxious in social gatherings.
When he finds out that taking a drink before one helps him get through, it serves as positive
reinforcement. He begins associating the ability to be anxiety-free in a social event with
alcohol or the substance. People may also engage in some foolhardy, high-risk behaviours
while under the influence such as driving or unsafe sex. These aspects further exacerbate
the risks of this stage. The third stage is high-risk use. The line between the former stage
and this one is often blurry and unclear. This is a stage when involuntary use begins. These
stages progress to the malicious final stage of addiction and dependency. This is when
the body and mind become the juggernaut and remind the person to take the substance.
This surfaces through symptoms such as tremors, stomach aches, sweats, anxiety and
frantic behaviour. Avoiding the substance is not even an option anymore. Regardless of the
stage in which a person is, it is never too late. Recognising the need for help is the first step.

(The author is a substance misuse recovery coordinator with NHS England, based within
the specialised team at Her Majesty’s Prison Eastwood Park.)

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Home / Sunday Herald / SH Top Stories / Cleansing the mind, body & soul

Cleansing the mind, body & soul


If an Ayurveda overhaul of the body is what you’ve been wanting to do for ages, now is the time as experts believe
monsoon is the best season to go for an Ayurveda therapy, writes Rewati Rau

Rewati Rau, AUG 28 2022, 00:26 IST | UPDATED: AUG 28 2022, 00:45 IST
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Some stereotypes are never outdated — rain-washed leaves and sky bring out the hopeless
romantic in us; making us rush into the kitchen to fry pakoras to eat with chai as soon as it
starts raining. Year after year, despite painful traffic jams, there’s something about rains
that brings a smile. Speaking of smiles, what if you can make your body internally happy too
during the rains?

Experts of the ancient alternative Indian medicine system, Ayurveda believe that monsoons
are the best time to sign up for a healing Ayurveda therapy and give the body a much-
needed internal overhaul. While healthy people too can enjoy the multiple benefits
of Ayurvedic therapies during monsoons, those suffering from various bone and nervous
issues can get the maximum benefit out of an Ayurveda routine in this season.

Tackling the doshas

According to Ayurveda, the body has three doshas including Vata, Kapha and Pitta and it is
during the monsoon season that vata dosha becomes dominant. Explains Anuj Singh, the
spa manager at ITC Sonar’s Kaya Kalp, “During the monsoon season all the doshas or
the bio-energies are usually imbalanced in the body. Especially an imbalance of vata dosha,
may lead to various health disorders hence Ayurvedic treatments, even the Panchakarma
therapies, are recommended to boost the immune system of the body.” Adds Dr Manoj
Kutter, Medical Director & CEO, Atmantan Wellness Centre, Pune, “This is one of the
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problems when the monsoon starts. Your body will have an excess of pitta (a dosha
associated with heat) and that’s why you’ll have a tendency to grow more vata (air).

Body & mind

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A detox might be a term loosely used in almost all aspects of life now but it is significant
when it comes to cleansing body rituals. Monsoon is the time when the body’s immunity
goes low and therefore intermittent detoxification is recommended. “Overall, the strength
of the person will be less and will be more prone to diseases. Ayurveda treatments done
during this time can go a long way in strengthening the body’s immunity,” says Naad
Wellness’s chief Ayurveda Consultant, Dr Hrishikesh Ashok. According to experts, an
Ayurveda detox plan truly tackles the body’s doshas and helps treat them. Explains Ritu
Srivastava, spa manager at The Royal Spa ITC Grand Bharat, Gurugram. “While the
tridoshas are present in all human beings, the optimum level of the tridosha differs based
on the body’s constitution. Ayurveda helps to reduce, restore and maintain these optimum
levels by offering a multitude of natural remedies and treatments using ingredients
extracted from plant-based and mineral-based natural sources.”

Tackling ailments

With people becoming more sedentary over the years, lifestyle-related disorders are clearly
on the rise. Be it diabetes, obesity, joint pains and the likes, almost every disease is linked to
desk-bound lives. Ayurveda doctors believe therapies conducted to tackle these ailments
during the monsoons help manage such diseases very well. Devraj Singh, Cluster General
Manager, Uttarakhand at The Indian Hotels Company Limited (IHCL) says nervous
conditions like diabetic neuropathy can be treated very well with the help of Ayurveda.
Apart from this, arthritis and rheumatoid joint-related issues are also tackled very well
during this time,” he adds.

The magic of Ayurveda


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monsoons. Anuj Singh of ITC Sonar lists them here. Shirodhara is a significant therapy
working through the deepest levels of one’s being. Warm, medicated oil is poured
continuously on the forehead, helping to connect and rejuvenate the energy systems within
the body. This specialised treatment helps to improve blood supply, thus increasing the
supply of nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and promoting unblocking of nerve impulses
to help relieve

mental tension. Abhyanga is a traditional massage performed by two therapists using the


long stroke technique. This therapy is a delightful way to relax the body and allow the mind
to drift away, using a traditional blend of oils to awaken the inner mind. Following a full
body massage with dosha-specific oils, a therapeutic treatment is done with a massage using
warm poultices filled with healing herbs and spices from India. Warm oils are drizzled over
your body. Then, using the poultice, the therapist massages your body in slow, rhythmic
movements in Choornaswedana. This helps to increase circulation, speeds up the
elimination of toxins, relieves muscle pain and stiffness, rheumatism, arthritis and sports
injuries. Padabhyanga is a gentle and sensitive foot massage with herbal oil or ghee. This
therapy is soothing, revitalising and helps to balance various disturbances of the nervous
system.

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Home / Sunday Herald / SH Top Stories / What’s your pronoun?

What’s your pronoun?


Going beyond He and She is a way to tell everyone that you are not going to assume their gender and it is an important
move towards embracing real inclusivity, writes Tanisha Saxena

Tanisha Saxena, AUG 28 2022, 00:07 IST | UPDATED: AUG 28 2022, 00:45 IST
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“Gender-neutral language isn’t about replacing an old norm with a new one. People have the
right to self-determine their gender whether it be a man, woman, or a gender. The goal of
gender-neutral language is to get rid of gender normativity, not everyone’s gender,” writes
Alok Vaid-Menon in the book, Beyond the Gender Binary.

These days asking for pronouns has become a social standard, credit goes to the increasing
cultural visibility of the transgender, genderqueer and gender nonconforming community.
In the recent past, evidently, LGBTQ activists and linguists around the world have
championed more inclusive language, both by creating entirely new non-binary terms and
by retooling already existing words and grammar constructions. And it is not a new
phenomenon. In 1851, a very sober John Stuart Mill, the philosopher, complained that the
lack of a gender-neutral pronoun forced him to use generic he, which was “more than a
defect” in English because it rendered half the human species invisible. And while Mill
didn’t coin a pronoun to correct this defect. In the year 1864, a writer identified only as J. W.
L. came up with gender-neutral ‘ze’ and recommended getting Noah Webster to endorse his
coinage. Cut to 2022, people are using gender-neutral pronouns quite commonly.

It’s akin to verbal abuse

Grace Banu, an activist and India’s first trans engineer from Thoothukudi,
says, “Misgendering is an issue in India and especially in the rural parts of the country. It is
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where the role of gender-neutral language comes in.

We are a multicultural and multilingual nation and it is very sad that people who claim
themselves “progressive” tend to misgender someone. A transperson will go through so
much pain just for something as simple as he and she. Moreover, there is a lack of
sensitivity and confusion that makes everything more complex and unattainable.

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On social media or in the corporate world, it might seem that we are okay with the usage of
pronouns but the thing is that there is a large population that lacks the knowledge. Hence,
the reluctance to ask the preferred pronoun of the person. There’s still a long way to go!”

Pronouns and gender-inclusive language are important. Today, pretty much like gender-
neutral bathrooms and changing rooms at shopping malls, gender-neutral pronouns are
sparking a debate, prompting new policies in schools, workplaces and even in prisons,
about what pronouns to use.

Misgendering can inflict stress

Vaibhav Kumar Modi, a Kathak dancer and curator of Dark Vibe Society and co-founder of
Hyderabad Dance Festival, shares, “Pronouns, though difficult to adjust to initially, make us
mindful of others’ sensitivities. They help us in educating people in a non-intrusive way
about how misgendering can inflict stress. Now, imagine if you recognise yourself as a male
and someone using female pronouns addresses you. Would you appreciate that? Hence,
especially for trans and non-binary folks, it is essentially important that they be addressed
with correct pronouns. Also, pronouns help to build a non-assuming environment as well.
When a person specifies their pronoun, irrespective of them being straight or from the
LGBTQIA+ community, they leave no room for the presumption of a person’s gender
based on their visual appearance.”
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Bhatt, an independent scholar, writer and feminist digs deeper into the nuances.
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She begins, “Let’s understand this at the most fundamental level. Pronouns, just like nouns,
are an important part of a person’s identity. Language evolves over time and identity is not
monolithic either, it’s fluid, multifaceted and complex.”

Power of choice

As our understanding of gender identity is evolving from the binary of man-woman to a


broader spectrum, our language must also evolve in tandem. It’s almost symbiotic in that
sense. “We cannot endorse and honour various gender identities without accepting the
semantic changes. Pronouns are deeply personal and enable us to be seen. We often have
no choice over our names, our first marker of identity. However, today we are inching
towards a comfortable space where we can choose our pronouns and that for me is
extremely empowering. Using appropriate pronouns is the first step toward respecting a
person’s gender identity. And at the end of the day, recognising and respecting people as
individuals is what it’s all about,” concludes Aparna.

Jayant, one of the co-founders of Queer Nilayam, a support group for the LGBT community,
opines: “A gender-inclusive language is a powerful tool for promoting gender equality and
eliminating gender bias. In workplaces, it’s a fact that the spaces were traditionally designed
for men. It’s important to use gender-inclusive language to make women and non-binary
folks feel welcomed.”

Hasheel, a south Asian queer Hindustani classical musician who identifies as a cis queer
male feels that it’s a privilege to be cis-gendered. The reason they state is less struggle as
compared to the transgendered or gender non-conforming. But Hasheel expresses,
“Throughout my life, there are times where I feel more feminine or more masculine. I
believe that gender is always fluid to a certain degree. Hence, the need for gender-neutral
language arises.” One of the members of Gay India People, an LGBT support group on social
media comes up with a rather more curious case. They suggest that there should be an
option “Prefer not to say” too. Then it caters to everyone. They share, “Yes, it is hard but
much needed not only for just the LGBTQ community but also to remove the patriarchal
stereotypes. Why should they always say women’s cricket and refer to just stating cricket
team when it comes to the guys? There needs to be a balanced and unbiased terminology.
As far as the LGBTQ community is concerned, we need more visibility now more than ever.
Even if it feels too much to some, in order to get to normalcy, we need to uplift and promote
ourselves now.”

On a similar note, Mumbai-based Gaurav Sinha who identifies as non-binary believes that a
person’s pronouns convey their gender identity. Transgender, gender nonconforming,
gender-fluid, non-binary, and other LGBTQ+ people use a wide variety of pronouns that
NEW who they are. Using someone’s self-defined pronouns respects all identities
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spectrum.

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Home / Sunday Herald / SH Top Stories / Madurai: A temple town & its tales of glory
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Madurai: A temple town & its tales of glory


Spellbinding temples, palaces, buzzing markets, and lively streets make Madurai an explorer and architecture lover’s
delight, writes Garima Verma

Garima Verma, AUG 28 2022, 00:04 IST | UPDATED: AUG 28 2022, 00:45 IST
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It is strange yet comforting to note the way Madurai effortlessly blends the magic of
tradition with modernity. It does not tiptoe the fine line between the two worlds but brings
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never sleeps; the city which is one of the oldest in the world and traded with ancient Rome
— conquers you the moment you lay your eyes on the rhythmic hustle-bustle of its streets.
The majesty of its temples, lingering hint of jasmine in the air, clink and shine of its
brassware, appetising aromas, and flourishing markets seem to waste no moment in
enchanting you.

The pièce de résistance

The state of awe quickly changes into fixation as the lanes and bylanes give way to
the Meenakshi Amman temple. As you stand stupefied, unable to take your gaze off
the burst of colours — hundreds and thousands of gods, goddesses, demons, and
saints telling their own stories on its gigantic gopurams, you suddenly feel you have become
a part of a live 3D epic. The ensuing sense of being lost in its maze-like complex
inside further adds to the amazement in this abode of warrior goddess Meenakshi, going
back to 2,000 years in a city believed to be inhabited since no less than the third century BC.
Be it the 1,000-pillar hall, painted ceilings, vibrant walls, or dwarfing pillars, the place has
magic written all over it. The destruction and plundering that it saw in the 14th century at
the hands of Malik Kafur, the general of Alauddin Khilji and the subsequent resurrection
and expansion by the Vijayanagar Empire rulers and Nayak kings add a phoenix-like allure
to it too.

Only worthy shall survive

The Golden Lotus tank and the tales of its divine powers leave an already astounded you
even more amazed. For, it is the one which not only saw generations of talent come together
and brainstorm on its sides but also adjudged the compositions of great poets and scholars.
The legend has it that only the worthy manuscripts would pass its test and float to the
surface, the rest drowned. The energy and the amusement coursing through the self
surprisingly get channelised into instantaneous calm and composure upon entering the
inner sanctum. It is customary to pay your obeisance to goddess Meenakshi, a form of
Goddess Parvati, before her consort Sundareshwarar or Shiva. The latter, however, becomes
the centre of attraction every night. The place turns mystical as Lord Shiva’s icon,
engulfed in aromatic incense clouds, heads to Meenakshi’s shrine in a procession to spend
the night.

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Temple town tour

In the shadows of the Meenakshi Temple, Koodal Azaghar temple is a unique three-
level construction dedicated to Lord Vishnu. While the deity is in sitting, standing,
and reclining positions respectively at each level, its walls are a peep into the arts and
poetry that made Madurai an important seat of the Sangam era. The tour of this temple
town would be incomplete without paying due obeisance to the favourite Tamil son —
Karthikeya or Murugan. On the outskirts of Madurai, Thirupparamkunram Murugan temple
is where Lord Shiva’s elder son killed the demon Surapadman and married Indra’s daughter
Deivayanai. Located at the foot of the Yanaimalai hills, Narasingam Yoga Narasimha
Perumal Temple’s rock-carved statue of Narasimha inside a cave is a sight to behold. The
outer precincts of the temple house the idol of Yoga Narasimha, the ferocious version.

Lost splendour

A classic mix of Dravidian, Rajput and Islamic architectures, Thirumalai Nayak


Palace might be only a quarter of its 17th-century self, yet its pillared corridors and
stunning arches give a fine peek into the grandeur of yore. The imagination doesn’t need to
make much effort to picture the proceedings that would have taken place under those
brightly-painted ceilings, the light through the coloured glasses adding to the effect. The
building that stands today was the main palace in which the king lived. It was his own
blood, however, that proved pivotal in bringing a large share of doom upon it. King
Thirumalai Nayak’s grandson dismantled a large part of the palace and removed precious
jewels and woodcarvings to build for himself an equal if not a bigger dream in
Tiruchirappalli. It was, however, not meant to be.

Madurai’s allure

Madurai is said to be originally a forest known as Kadambavanam, where Indra worshipped


a swayambhu (self-created Lingam). The then king, Kulasekara Pandya, cleared the forest
and built a temple around the Lingam. A city was soon planned around it and the day it was
to be named, Lord Shiva appeared and drops of nectar from his hair fell there. Hence,
Madurai, a derivative of madhura (sweet/nectar).

Wednesday is considered auspicious for it is the day goddess Meeankshi got married. The
state emporium, hence, offers 50% discount on sarees every

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It’s also a food lover’s paradise what with the fluffiest and softest idlis and the crispy ghee
podi dosa being the best way to start the day Gorge on varieties of murukkus, idiyappams
and curries. Then there’s Amma Mess at Thallakulam that’s known for its chicken dosa,
prawn biryani and mutton kola (fried mutton balls) among others.

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