Name: Lutfi Abdul Qodir

Nim:21020084090

READING 1

Reading Comprehension

A.

1. T
2. F
3. F
4. T
5. F

B.

1. In theory, these blessings should have made easter a miniature paradise, remote from
problems that beset the rest of the world.
2. The islander Roggeven met were totally isolated, unaware that other people existed.
3. Roggeven himself quickly recognized the problem the statues posed.
4. Pollen analysis shows that during the early years of Polynesian settlement, Easter was not a
wasteland at all.
5. With fewer food sources, Easter island could no longer feed the chiefs, bureaucrats, and
priests who had kept a complex society running.

READING STRATEGY : IDENTIFYING MULTIPLE CAUSES

A.

2. The easter island palm could be used for making sleds to move statues and for building canoes.

3. Hard stones could be used for making chisels to carve the statues from softer rock.

4. Quarries provided stones large enough to make the statues. The material had to be soft enough to
carve with stone tools.

5. These conditions could support a large population and a complex social structure. A large
population would be needed to carve the hundreds of statues.

VOCABULARY ACTIVITIES

A.

1. Collapsed
2. Ceased
3. Transported
4. Unceasing
5. Incessant
6. cite
B.

1. a. get sth from a specific source

2. b. suddenly ceased to function
3. b. used sth as evidence
4. b. created the feeling of being in a different place

c.

1. Diamonds are extremely hard crystals derived from carbon either through natural or
synthetic processes.
2. Paper is derived from a pulp made from vegetable fibers.
3. Plastics are derived from synthetic polymers. The world plastic is derived from the fact that
this material can be formed into shapes.
4. Silk is derived from cocoons made by silkworm larvae
5. Cocoa is derived from seeds of the cacao tree.
6. The word salary is derived from the latin word for salt

READING 2

READING COMPREHENSION

A.

1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. FALSE
4. TRUE
5. TRUE

B.

1. Around 1200
2. Later
3. By about 1500
4. There is general agreement on the date.
5. In 1805
6. No
 READING STRATEGY

A.

Diamond Hunt and Lipo Both

Polynesian colonists began to arrive v

on Easter Island around the year A.D.
1200.

Forest were destroyed to support v

agriculture.

The destruction of forests played a v

major role in the population’s decline.

Rats contributed to deforestation. v

The island’s populations peaked at v

somewhere between 7.000 and
20.000

The statues could have been v

constructed by smaller tribal groups.

The island is littered with around 700 v

statues that were never completed or
erected.

Destructive civil wars broke out on the v

island that left the culture in a
weakened state.

The most severe decline in the island’s v

population occurred as result of
disease and forced migration caused
by contact with outside societies of
Europe and Latin America.

The island was functioning smoothly v

when Europeans first arrived.

B.

The history of Easter Island remains mysterious, but scholars agree on several points. All agree that
massive deforestation occurred and that both rats and agriculture contributed to the loss of forests.
They also agree that statue construction ceased before the Europeans arrived and around 700
statues were never completed or erected, all agree that by the1860s the once substantial population
had declined greatly.
VOCABULARY ACTIVITIES

A.

1. B. grasp or imagine a situation

2. A. not allowed
3. A. ways of life
4. A. a stated price or value
5. B. demonstrate that something is true
6. B. legal or official

B.

1. Validity
2. Confirmed
3. Confirmation
4. Denied
5. Concepts
6. Widespread
7. cited

2. He doubts the validity of the anthropologist’s claim.

3. The papers quoted several authorities who confirmed the claim.

4. The researchers made an incessant effort to validate their theory.

5. They deny the role of speculation in the stock market’s collapse.

6. The critics made some valid complaints. Nevertheless, this concept is widely accepted.

7. The fact that they creased transporting the statues is evidence that the cultire collapsed