Namma Kalvi

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1. THE CASTLE – EDWIN MUIR

ERC CLUES: 1.Turret wall – towering – citadel - arms –

load in load
2. Gates – wall – tunneled stone
3. Wicket gate – wizened warder – bait – gold
4. Shameful tale - enemy - gold

ALLITERATION
With our arms and provider, load on load
A little wicked wicket gate
The wizened warder let them through
FIGURE OF SPEECH
A little wicked wicket gate – Metaphor
Oh then our maze of tunneled stone – Metaphor
Grew thin and treacherous as air – Simile
How can this shameful tale be told? – Interrogation
Our only enemy was gold - Personification

ENGLISH PG, GHSS, LOWERCAMP

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2. OUR CASUARINA TREE - TORUDUTT

ERC CLUES: 1.tree – creeper – boughs – branches – crimson – flowers

2. Casement – baboon – bird and bee – kokilas – water lilies – cows
3. Casuarina tree – dear
4. Sea – shore-beach- waves- water wraith
5. Fear – Hope – Death – Love – oblivion curse

ALLITERATION
A creeper climbs, in whose embraces bound
In crimson clusters all the boughs
Where all day are gathered bird and bee
With one sweet song that seems to have no close
When slumbered in his cave the water wraith
FIGURE OF SPEECH
Like a huge python, winding round and round – Simile
The giant wears the scarf, and flowers are hung – Personification
A gray baboon sits statue – like alone - Simile
The water lilies spring, like snow enmassed – simile
Like the sea breaking on a shingle breach? - Simile

ENGLISH PG, GHSS, LOWERCAMP

 3. ALL THE WORLD’S A STAGE – WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

ALLITERATION
And one man is time plays many parts
They have their exits and their entrances
For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice
Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel.
His youthful hose, well sav’d a world too wide
Turning again toward childish treble
FIGURE OF SPEECH
All the world’s a stage – Metaphor
And all the men and women , merely players– Metaphor
And shining morning face, creeping like a snail - Simile
Full of strange oaths and bearded like pard – Simile
Seeking the bubble reputation - Metaphor
Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad - Simile

ENGLISH PG, GHSS, LOWERCAMP

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4. ULYSSES - TENNYSON

ERC:
1.I cannot rest from travel: I will drink
Life to the lees:
2.I am become a name
For always roaming with a hungry heart
3. How dull it is to pause, to make an end,
To rust unburnished, not to shine in use
4.To follow knowledge like a sinking star,
Beyond the utmost bound of human thought
5. He works his work I mine
6. … you and I are old
Old age hath yet his honour and his toil
7.The long day wanes: the slow moon climbs: the deep
Moans round with many voices,
8.It may be we shall touch the Happy Isles
And see the great Achilles, whom we knew
9.We are not now that strength which in old days
Moved earth and heaven
10. To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield

ALLITERATION
Life to the lees: all times I have enjoy’d
For always roaming with hungry heart
And manners, climates, councils, governments
And drunk delight of battle with my peers
One equal temper of heroic hearts
To strike, to seek, to find, and not to yield
FIGURE OF SPEECH
Thro’ scudding drifts the rainy Hyades\ vext the dim sea – Personification
For always roaming with hungry heart – Metaphor
And drunk delight of battle with my peers - Metaphor
Moans round with many voices – Personification
To follow knowledge like a sinking star - Simile
There lies the port, the vessel puffs her sail - Personification

ENGLISH PG, GHSS, LOWERCAMP

 5. A FATHER TO HIS SON – C.A.SANDBURG

ALLITERATION
The growth of frail flower in a path up
Has sometimes shattered and split a rock
And this might stand him for the storms
FIGURE OF SPEECH
Life is hard; be steel; be a rock – Metaphor
The growth of frail flower in a path up
Has sometimes shattered and split a rock– Antithesis
Brutes have been gentled where lashes failed - Antithesis
Let him have lazy days seeking his deeper motives – Transferred epithet
Life is a soft loam; be gentle; go easy - Metaphor
Tell him solitude if he is strong – Repetition
Tell him to be a fool ever so often - Repetition
Free imaginations \ Bringing changes into a world resenting change - Personification

ENGLISH PG, GHSS, LOWERCAMP

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6. INCIDENT OF THE FRENCH CAMP – ROBERT BROWNING

ERC CLUES:
1. French – Ratisbon
2. Napolean – chief – emperor – mother eagle – you’re wounded
3. Army leader – Lannes – Marshal – flag bird
4. Rider – soldier – boy – eaglet –breast- shot in two - ‘I’ m killed, sire!

ALLITERATION
Let once my army leader Lannes
Waver at yonder wall
A rider, bound on bound
To see your flag bird flap his vans
Softened itself as sheathes
When her bruised eaglet breathes
FIGURE OF SPEECH
You know, we French stormed Ratisbon – Synecdoche (French refers to country not the army)

ENGLISH PG, GHSS, LOWERCAMP

 APPRECIATION QUESTIONS
POEM -1
1. Who does “we” refer to?
“We” refers to soldiers.
2. How does the soldier spend the summer days?
The soldiers spend happily without fear.
3. What cold they watch from turret wall?
They could watch the enemy half a mile away and
mowers around the castle.
4. How safe was the castle?
The gates are strong and the walls are thick.
5. What was the firm belief of soldiers?
The soldiers believed that no one could enter the
castle by any trick.
6. What was challenging?
Entering the castle is challenging.
7. What aspect of the castle’s strength is conveyed?
The castle’s strong foothold is conveyed.
8. Bring out the contrast in “Our maze of tunneled stone
grew thin”?
Stone walls of the underground passage grew thin as
air.
9. What happened to the castle?
The castle was captured by enemies
10. Why couldn’t they do anything?
They couldn’t do anything against human greed for
gold.
11. Why did they feel helpless?
They had no weapon to fight against human greed
for gold.
POEM - 3
1. What is the world compared to?
The world is compared to a stage.
2. What do the words ‘exits’ and entrance’ mean?
‘Exits’ means death and ‘entrance’ means births.
3. What is the first stage of a human’s life?
Infant is the first stage of human life.
4. Which stage of life is being referred to here by the
poet?
The second stage of the school boy is being referred.
5. What are the characteristics of his stage?
The boy goes to school unwillingly.
6. How does the boy go to school?
The boy goes to school unwillingly.
POEM - 2
1. What is creeper compared to?
The creeper is compared to a python.
2. How does the creeper appear on the tree?
The creeper with its flowers appears like a scarf.
3. Name the bird that sings in the poet’s garden.
The bird is kokila which welcomes the day with her song.
4. What has wordsworth sanctified in his poem?
Wordsworth has sanctified the solitary Yew tree.
5. Which tree is referred to in the above lines?
Casuarina tree is referred.
6. How does the tree survive the tight hold of the creeper?
The tree is strong and– hold of the creeper.
7. Why does Toru Dutt use the expression ‘a creeper
climbs’?
A creeper always needs a support to hold on and climb
up.
8. Who is the giant here?
The Casuarina tree is the giant.
9. Why is the scarf colourful?
The scarf is colourful as the creeper has crimson flowers.
10. What does the poet mean by the expression ‘May love
denied thee from oblivion’s curse?
The poet expresses her wish that love should shield her
tree against the curse of forgetfulness.
11. What does the expression ‘fain’ convey?
‘Fain’ means willingness, eagerness and joy.
12. What does the poet convey through the expression ‘Fear,
trembling hope’?
The poet has a fear that the tree will be cursed with
oblivion. She has a trembling hope that the tree will be
remembered forever.
7. What is the solider ready to do?
The solider is ready to quarrel for his country.
8. Explain ‘bubble reputation.
‘Bubble’ reputation’ refer to glory that is short lived like
a bubble.
9. Whom does justice refer to?
Justice refers to the judge, the man in his fifth stage of
life.
10. Describe his appearance.
He has a fat and round belly. He says modern instances.
11. How does he behave with the people around him?
He behaves as a wise man.
12. What does he do to show his wisdom?
He quotes many proverbs and modern instances.
ENGLISH PG, GHSS, LOWERCAMP
 POEM -4
1. What does Ulysses do?
Ulysses is making laws for people who don’t even
know him.
2. Did he enjoy what he was doing? Give reason.
No, he did not enjoy what he was doing. He yearns
for adventurous travel.
3. What is experience compared to?
Experience is compared to an arch.
4. How do the lines convey that the experience is
endless?
When we see through the arch, the end fades away
and immediately a new sight emerges. So the
experience is endless.
5. How is every hour important to the speaker?
As every hour passes, Ulysses gains experience. So
every hour is important to him.
6. What does the term ‘Little remain’ convey?
He is old and left with a few more days of life.
7. Who does Ulysses entrust his kingdom to, in his
absence?
Ulysses entrusts his kingdom to his son
Telemachus.
8. Bring out the significances of the ‘sceptre’.
Sceptre is the staff carried by kings. It is a symbol
of kingly power.
9. What do ‘thunder’ and ‘sunshine’ refer to?
“Thunder and sunshine” refer to the easy and
difficult situations in their travel.
10. What do we infer about the attitude of the sailors?
The sailors have good and bad times with an
undying spirit of adventure.
11. The above lines convey the undying spirit of
Ulysses. Explain
Ulysses has a strong mind to travel. He will has no
fear of any difficult situation.
12. What was Ulysses’ purpose in life?
Ulysses’ purpose in life was to travel to unknown
lands.
13. How long would his venture last?
His venture would last till his death.
14. Though made weak by time and fate, the heart are
heroic. Explain
Though Ulysses and his sailor are old and weak,
they have strong will to face challenges.
15. What is “drink life to the lees”?
Live life to the fullest.
POEM-5
1. How should one face life?
One should face life like steel and hard rock.
2. Why does the poet suggest to take life easy?
Life is like a fertile soil. If one is gentle and easy, he
too can succeed.
3. Can being is solitude help a strong human being?
How?
Being in solitude help a man. He becomes creative
and strong in solitude.
4. Why does the poet suggest that time can be wasted?
Time can be wasted in learning new things and
learning from one’s mistakes.
5. Is it is shame to be a fool at times?
No it is not shame to be a fool.
6. What does one learn from every folly?
One does learn something from every failure.
7. How does free imagination help the world?
Free imagination helps to bring changes into the
world.
POEM – 6
1. Whose action is described here?
Napoleon’s action is described here.
2. What is meant by prone brow?
‘Prone brow’ means inclined brow as he was
seriously thinking.
3. What is his state of mind?
He was seriously thinking of capturing Ratisbon.
4. Why did the boy contradict Napoleon’s words?
Napoleon’s words underrated his valour. So the boy
contradicted Napoleon’s words.
5. Why was his pride touched?
His pride was touched because napoleon asked him if
he was wounded.
6. Who is compared to the mother eagle in the above
lines?
Napoleon is compared to the mother eagle.
7. Explain the comparison.
On seeing the boy, Napoleon felt like a mother eagle
which looked at its eaglet in a helpless manner.
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