COLD CHAIN IN NEWZEALAND

Abstract
• 45% of New Zealand exports as food and by-products.
• Major export are horticulture, seafood, dairy products.
• Focus on chilling and freeze product.
• Improving energy efficient in refrigeration process.
Find production,imports and exports
• Total estimation 25 to 30 million times requires refrigeration
• Export increased by 15% from 2012 to 2015.

Export in 2015 58,23,711

Import in 2015 4,02,808

• Exports exceeds by a factor of 10

 ENERGY USUAGE
• Energy usage of New Zealand is 17,727.49*10^12 J.
• Mostly household contribute about 7289.7*10^12 J.
• Each house has refrigerator.
• Dairy product need chilling refrigerator.
• Meat product need Frozen refrigerator.
Microbial growth control and ozone
depletion control.
• Microbes produces in meat when temperature exceeds -12 °C.
• To avoid the 3-5ppm chlorine to restrict the growth of microbes.
• New Zealand phased out of ozone depleting refrigeration such
as CFC, HGF, Halons etc…
Review of emerging technology for
food refrigeration application
Abstract
• Food Industry Chilling (0 °C and above)and Freezing
industry (-18 °C to -35 °C)
• Slow down physical and chemical biological activity
• Avoid greenhouse gases improving performance of
conventional system and new refrigeration.
Ejector refrigeration system
• Refrigeration uses solar energy above
80 °C
• Lower COP< vapour compersion system.
• COP lesser than 0.2.
• Chemical and process industry 800 KW
to 60,000KW.
Trigeneration refrigeration system
• Energy produced in three ways electrical, heating and
cooling(CHRP).
• Efficiency trigenerator is 90% .
• Most of the contributation from electricity based.
• Improvement by development of
fuelcell and micro turbine
• Compactile heat exchange
to have energy recovery.
Thermo-electric refrigeration
• Uses the peltier effect.
• It has produce one W to 310 W in 62mm * 62mm material.
• Cop is in the range of 0.49.
• ADVANTAGES:
• It does not have many
parts vibration and more reliable.
Sorption refrigeration- absoption system
• Change of convential compressor to thermal compressor and
sorbent.
• Sorbent is
Solid is adsorption system
Liquid is absoption system.
• It has a cop of 0.7
• Each chamber has an absorbent with silica gel.
• Research is going to make temperature =-25 °C.
Sorption refrigeration- absoption system
conclusion
• Food industry mainly depends upon a VCRS system.
• We had to improve the refrigerator and technique in order to
reduce the green house effect.
THANK YOU